Sample size and Sample rate

sound file attributes, eg: sample size and sample rate audio signal processing systems, eg Dolby compression codecs to reduce file size

select audio file types and attributes to be incorporated into multimedia presentations

Quality of digitized sound is described in terms of the sample size and the sample rate. The sample rate dictates how often a sample is taken. Sample size dictates how much information is taken in each sample.

<---time---> 1. Here is an analog sound wave. Analog sound is continuous variation in air pressure. 2. To digitize sound, samples 3. These samples are are taken at even intervals of trimmed to the nearest value time. and encoded in binary.

Taking more samples allows the "trimming" process to more closely approximate the curve of the original, analog wave, and therefore get closer to reproducing the sound digitally. There are recommended sample rates, or frequencies, for certain kinds of digital sound: 44KHz: CD quality sound 22KHz: OK for music 11KHz: OK for voice 5KHz: A.M. radio Sample size is either 8-bit or 16-bit; this naming scheme describes the amount of computer space allotted to store data gathered in each sample. The higher the number, the more precise the information, the better the sound. In general, it is best to capture an archival

version at a high sample size and rate and then downsample for specific uses (network delivery, for example) 1. Draw an analogue sound wave below.

2. Draw a digital representation of the above soundwave.

3. Does the digitisation of data reduce audio quality? 4. What is a Sample Rate and Sample Size and how do they relate?

Computer Activities
1. Go to Audacity and import your favourite PG rated song. 2. 3. Zoom into the wavelength feature in the centre and take a screenshot and insert it below. 3

4. The file above looks like a wave length which is analogue, however it is on a computer therefore it must be digitised. Which category do you think this falls under? 5. Using the program JING. Record a tutorial of how to trim, add effects change the speed of your song. Be sure to include your voice. (HOMEWORK TASK)

Calculating file Size of Uncompressed Audio

The formula is below Sample Size x Sample size x 1(Mono) or 2(Stereo) x Time (Seconds) 8 x 1024 x 1024 (MB)

Example: Calculate the file size of an audio clip that operates at 44.1kHz with a 16 bit sample that lasts for 3 minutes on stereo.

=44 100 x 16 x 180 x 2 bits Calculate =254016000 bits Turn it into bytes =31 752 000 Kb (1byte = 8 bits) Turn into MB =30.28 MB (1 MB = 1048 476 bytes)

EASSYYYYY!!!!