Cell Energy Worksheet SCI/230 Version 7

Associate Program Material

Cell Energy Worksheet
Answer the following questions: Cellular respiration: What is cellular respiration and what are its three stages?

Cell Respiration is the main way that chemical energy is harvested from food and converted to ATP energy which is another form of chemical energy by using oxygen. The three stages of cellular respiration are: Stage 1: Glycolysis which is the splitting of sugar. A six carbon glucose molecule is broken in half by enzymes, and then is converted to two molecules of pyruvic acid. Stage 2: The Citric Acid Cycle is where pyruvic acid loses a carbon as CO2 and is turned into acetic acid which then attaches to a coenzyme A to form acetyl CoA. Stage 3: Electron Transport is a chemical machine that uses the energy released by the fall of electrons to pump hydrogen ions across the inner mitochondrial membrane.

What is the role of glycolysis? Include the reactants and the products. Where does it occur? The role of glycolysis is to transform the energy from glucose by into chemical energy called pyruvic acid which can be used in cell respiration. Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell using enzymes. It is the first stage of cell respiration.

What is the role of the citric acid cycle? Include the reactants and the products. Where does it occur? The citric acid cycles roles is to breakdown glucose all the way to CO2 and turn the usable molecules of glucose into acetic acid which then get turned into citric acid which is fuel for cells.

What is the role of the electron transport system? Include the reactants and the products. Where does it occur? The electron transport is responsible for transporting the energy in the cells, which is the electrons, throughout the cell using complex proteins in the electron transport system. This occurs in the inner membrane of the mitochondria.

Photosynthesis: What is the overall goal of photosynthesis? The overall goal of photosynthesis is to convert sunlight, CO2, and water into glucose for the plant to grow and survive and oxygen for survival of the plant,

Cell Energy Worksheet SCI/230 Version 7

animal, and other plants. Because photosynthesis only occurs in plants, why is it essential to animal life? It is essential to life because oxygen is produced and released by plants during photosynthesis. Also during photosynthesis glucose which is a form of sugar is produced which is used by animals and humans for nutrients.

What is the role of the light reactions? Include the reactants and the products. Where does it occur? The role of light reactions is process of plants and chlorophyll reacting to certain wavelengths and spectrums of light. Reactants to light reactions are: water, chlorophyll, and oxygen.

What is the role of the Calvin cycle? Include the reactants and the products. Where does it occur?

The Calvin Cycles role is transforming CO2 into an energy rich sugar molecule called glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. Reactants are: CO2 from other plant processes and from the air, ATP, and NADPH. The Calvin cycle occurs in all living plants inside the cell structure. Summary: Explain how photosynthesis and cellular respiration are linked within ecosystems. Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are linked together because they both occur in plants, which create food and energy for animals and ecosystems around the plant allowing for sustainable life. Plants also use photosynthesis and cell respiration to produce oxygen for living organisms and other plants.

Visit the NASA website (http://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/graphs/) and research global temperature changes. How has global warming affected overall temperatures? What effects do cellular respiration and photosynthesis have on global warming? Global warming has made for steady increases in the rise in temperature for the last couple years. Global worming can either severely raise temperatures to where they kill off plants and animals or severely drop temperatures to where it would freeze entire continents and oceans and have the same result of killing animals, people, and plants. I dont think that cellular respiration or photosynthesis have any ill effects on global warming. If anything photosynthesis and cell respiration are trying to reverse the effects of global warming because both of these processes take in CO2 and release oxygen.