REVIEW GUIDE FOR EXAM 3, SYSTEMS AND LAPLACE TRANSFORMS

SECTIONS 7.1 – 7.5, 6.1, 6.2

1 0
1. 1. If A = . a) How do we know that A–1 exists?
1 2

3
b) Write Ax as a system of equations.
1

3
c) Find A–1 and use it to solve Ax .
1

2 x1 8 x4 6
2. a) Set up an augmented matrix for the system 2 x1 x2 4 x4 2 and completely reduce the
x3 5 x4 2
augmented matrix using exactly two row operations.

b) Express the infinitely many solutions in vector form.

Review Guide for Exam 3, p. 1

 1 0 1 0
3. Interpret the reduced matrix 0 1 2 0
0 0 0 1
e 3t et 1 2
4. Circle the vector, x (1 ) (t ) or x (2 ) (t) , that is a solution of x' (t ) x.
e 3t et 2 1

5. Given the equation c1v(1) + c2v(2) + c3v(3) = 0.

a) By definition the vectors v(1), v(2), and v(3) are linearly independent on some interval I if
(circle one):

i. This equation is true on I for nonzero values of c1, c2, or c3.

ii. This equation is true on I if and only if c1 = c2 = c3 = 0.

b) Find the relationship of dependency for the vectors:

1 0 2
v(1) = 2 , v(2) = 1 , v(3) = 0
3 1 2

Review Guide for Exam 3, p. 2

6. Convert the third order initial value problem, x' ' ' x' ' 4 x' 4 x 3t , x(0) = 1, x (0) = 2, x (0) = 3,
into a corresponding system. Write the system in matrix-vector form.

7. The equation that defines r as an eigenvalue of the matrix A with corresponding eigenvector ξ is

4 2
8. Find the general solution of the system Dx x . Express the general solution both as a linear
3 3
combination of solution vectors and in terms of (t).

Review Guide for Exam 3, p. 3

9. The eigenvalues of a third order system are r1 4 , r2 1 , r3 1 , with corresponding eigenvectors
1 0 0 1
ξ (1)
0 , ξ (2) 1 , ξ (3) 5 . If the initial condition is x (0) 5 , find the specific solution.
0 2 7 1

10. Tanks A and B are interconnected. Tank A initially contains 15 lbs. of salt dissolved in 100 gallons
of water. Tank B initially contains 100 gallons of pure water. Pure water flows into tank A at the
rate of 3 gal/min. Brine flows from tank A to tank B at a rate of 4 gal/min. Brine flows from tank B
to tank A at a rate of 1 gal/min. Brine leaves the system from tank B at a rate of 5 gal/min. Let x1(t)
and x2(t) denote the amounts of salt in tanks A and B, respectively, at any time t. Set up a system of
equations and initial vector to model this system.

Review Guide for Exam 3, p. 4

 x1 ' 3 x1 x2 x3
11. Find the general solution of the system x 2 ' x1 x2 x3
x3 ' x1 x2 x3

Review Guide for Exam 3, p. 5

 dI
12. The current flow of a circuit can be modeled by the equation RI L V (t ) . If R = 2, L = 1, and
dt
V(t) = e 2t , use Laplace transforms to find the zero-state output of the circuit.

13. Use Laplace transforms to find the zero-state output of the mass-damper system modeled by
u ' ' 2u ' u t 3 e t .

Review Guide for Exam 3, p. 6

14. Find the Laplace or inverse Laplace transforms as indicated.
a) L (e 3t cos 2t )

1 2
b) L 3
s 2s 2 s

s
c) L 1 2
s 4s 5

Review Guide for Exam 3, p. 7