THE WONDERFUL WORLD OF MANGA UDESAN SVET MANGA

Authors: Iva Milkovski , VII-1

Elementary school 3.oktobar,Bor,Serbia Republic Talents Centar (Belgrade II) Mentor : prof. Slaana orevi

Summary: Manga are comics created in Japan, or by japanese creators in the Japanese language, conforming to a style
developed in Japan in the late 19th century. They have a long, complex pre-history in earlier Japanese art. The term manga (kanji: ; hiragana: ; katakana: ) is a Japanese word referring both to comics and cartooning. "Manga" as a term used outside Japan refers specifically to comics originally published in Japan. Mangainfluenced comics, among original works, exist in other parts of the world, particularly in Taiwan ("manhua"), South Korea ("manhwa"), and China, notably Hong Kong ("manhua").

Mange su stripovi napravljen u Japanu , ili japanskih stvaralaca u japanskom jeziku , u skladu sa stilom razvijen u Japanu krajem 19. veka. Oni imaju dugu, kompleksnu praistoriju u ranijoj japanskoj umetnosti. Termin Manga ( Kanji : mn hu, hiragana :manka, katakana :manka) je japanska re se odnosi i na stripove i karikature . " Manga " , kao termin se van Japana posebo odnosi na stripove prvobitno objavljenih u Japanu. Manga - uticaj stripa, meu originalnim radovima , postoje u drugim delovima sveta, posebno u Tajvanu("manhua"),Junoj Korei("manhwa"), i Kini,naroito u Hong Kong("manhua").

Key words: manga,Japan, manga history,Europe,popular manga,characters Kljune rei: manga,Japan,manga istorija,Evropa,popularne mange,likovi

Introduction:
In Japan, people of all ages read manga. The medium includes works in a broad range of genres: action-adventure, romance, sports and games, historical drama, comedy, science fiction and fantasy, mystery, suspense, detective, horror, and business/commerce, among others. Manga stories are typically printed in black-and-white, although some full-color manga exist. In Japan, manga are usually serialized in large manga magazines, often containing many stories, each presented in a single episode to be continued in the next issue. A manga artist (mangaka in Japanese) typically works with a few assistants in a small studio and is associated with a creative editor from a commercial publishing company. If a manga series is popular enough, it may be animated after or even during its run. Sometimes manga are drawn centering on previously existing live-action or animated films. Since the 1950s, manga has steadily become a major part of the Japanese publishing industry.

The kanji for "manga" from Seasonal Passersby (Shiki no Yukikai), 1798, by Sant Kyden and Kitao Shigemasa.

Manga history
Modern manga originated in the Occupation (19451952) and post-Occupation years (1952early 1960s), while a previously militaristic and ultra-nationalist Japan rebuilt its political and economic infrastructure. Writers on manga history have described two broad and complementary processes shaping modern manga. One view emphasizes events occurring during and after the U.S. Occupation of Japan (19451952), and stresses U.S. cultural influences, including U.S. comics (brought to Japan by the GIs) and images and themes from U.S. television, film, and cartoons (especially Disney). Alternately, other writers such as Frederik L. Schodt, Kinko Ito, and Adam L. Kern stress continuity of Japanese cultural and aesthetic traditions, including pre-war, Meiji, and pre-Meiji culture and art. In 1969 a group of female manga artists (later called the Year 24 Group, also known as Magnificent 24s) made their shjo manga debut ("year 24" comes from the Japanese name for the year 1949, the birth-year of many of these artists). The group included Hagio Moto, Riyoko Ikeda, Yumiko Oshima, Keiko Takemiya, and Ryoko Yamagishi, and they marked the first major entry of female artists into manga. Thereafter, primarily female manga artists would draw shjo for a readership of girls and young women. In the following decades (1975present), shjo manga continued to develop stylistically while simultaneously evolving

different but overlapping subgenres. Major subgenres include romance, superheroines, and "Ladies Comics" (in Japanese, redisu , redikomi , and josei ).

Reiko Yoshida's Tokyo Mew Mew Modern shjo manga romance features love as a major theme set into emotionally intense narratives of selfrealization. With the superheroines, shjo manga saw releases such as Pink Hanamori's Mermaid Melody Pichi Pichi Pitch, Reiko Yoshida's Tokyo Mew Mew, And, Naoko Takeuchi's Pretty Soldier Sailor Moon, which became internationally popular in both manga and anime formats. Groups (or sentais) of girls working together have also been popular within this genre. Like Lucia, Hanon, and Rina singing together, and Sailor Moon, Sailor Mercury, Sailor Mars, Sailor Jupiter, and Sailor Venus working together.

Eshinbun Nipponchi; credited as the first manga magazine ever made.

Kanagaki Robun and Kawanabe Kyosai created the first manga magazine in 1874: Eshinbun Nipponchi. The magazine was heavily influenced by Japan Punch, founded in 1862 by Charles Wirgman, a British cartoonist. Eshinbun Nipponchi had a very simple style of drawings and did not become popular with many people. Eshinbun Nipponchi ended after three issues. The magazine Kisho Shimbun in 1875 was inspired by Eshinbun Nipponchi, which was followed by Marumaru Chinbun in 1877, and then Garakuta Chinpo in 1879. Shnen Sekai was the first shnen magazine created in 1895 by Iwaya Sazanami, a famous writer of Japanese children's literature back then. Shnen Sekai had a strong focus on the First Sino-Japanese War.

By contrast, Sazae-san (meaning "Ms. Sazae") was drawn starting in 1946 by Machiko Hasegawa, a young woman artist who made her heroine a stand-in for millions of Japanese men and especially women rendered homeless by the war. Sazae-san does not face an easy or simple life, but, like Astro Boy, she too is highly affiliative and is deeply involved with her immediate and extended family. She is also a very strong character, in striking contrast to the officially sanctioned Neo-Confucianist principles of feminine meekness

and obedience to the "good wife, wise mother" (rysai kenbo, ; ) ideal taught by the previous military regime. Sazae-san faces the world with cheerful resilience, what Hayao Kawai calls a "woman of endurance." Sazae-san sold more than 62 million copies over the next half century. Manga for male readers can be characterized in different ways. One is by the age of its intended audience: boys up to 18 years old (shnen manga) and young men 18- to 30-years old (seinen manga). Another approach is by content, including action-adventure often involving male heroes, slapstick humor, themes of honor, and sometimes explicit sexuality. Japanese uses different kanji for two closely allied meanings of "seinen" for "youth, young man" and for "adult, majority"the second referring to sexually overt manga aimed at grown men and also called seijin ("adult," ) manga. Shnen, seinen, and seijin manga share many features in common. Boys and young men were among the earliest readers of manga after World War II. From the 1950s on, shnen manga focused on topics thought to interest the archetypical boy: sci-tech subjects like robots and space travel, and heroic action-adventure. Shnen and seinen manga narratives often portray challenges to the protagonists abilities, skills, and maturity, stressing self-perfection, austere self-discipline, sacrifice in the cause of duty, and honorable service to society, community, family, and friends.

Shnen Jump Shnen () manga () is typically characterized by high-action often humorous plots featuring male protagonists. The camaraderie between boys or men on sports teams, fighting squads and the like is often emphasized. Attractive female characters like Bulma from Dragon Ball or Nami from One Piece, with exaggerated features are also common (see fan service). Main characters may also feature an ongoing desire to better themselves. Such manga often portray challenges to the protagonist's abilities, skills, and maturity, stressing selfperfection, austere self-discipline, sacrifice in the cause of duty, and honorable service to society, community, family, and friends. None of these listed characteristics are a requirement, as seen in shnen manga like Yotsuba&!, which features a female lead and almost no fan service or action; what most defines whether or not a series is shnen are things like the magazine (see Weekly Shnen Jump) it is serialized in or the time slot it airs on T.V. After the case of Tsutomu Miyazaki, depictions of violence and sexual matters became more highly regulated in manga in general, but especially in shnen manga. The art style of shnen is generally less

"flowery" than that of shjo manga, although this varies greatly from artist to artist, and some artists draw both shnen and shjo manga. Different shnen manga stories may feature different themes, such as martial arts, robots, science fiction, sports, terror, and mythological creatures.

International markets

Axis Powers: Hetalia

In the 1980s to the mid-1990s, Japanese animation, like Akira, Dragon Ball, Neon Genesis Evangelion, and Pokmon, made a bigger impact on the fan experience and in the market than manga.[63] Matters changed when translator-entrepreneur Toren Smith founded Studio Proteus in 1986. Smith and Studio Proteus acted as an agent and translator of many Japanese manga, including Masamune Shirow's Appleseed and Ksuke Fujishima's Oh My Goddess!, for Dark Horse and Eros Comix, eliminating the need for these publishers to seek their own contacts in Japan. Simultaneously, the Japanese publisher Shogakukan opened a U.S. market initiative with their U.S. subsidiary Viz, enabling Viz to draw directly on Shogakukan's catalogue and translation skills. Manga has influenced European cartooning in a way that is somewhat different than in the U.S. Broadcast anime in Italy and France opened the European market to manga during the 1970s. French art has borrowed from Japan since the 19th century (Japonisme), and has its own highly developed tradition of bande dessine cartooning. In France, beginning in the mid-1990s, manga has proven very popular to a wide readership, accounting for about one-third of comics sales in France since 2004. According to the Japan External Trade Organization, sales of manga reached $212.6 million within France and Germany alone in 2006. France represents about 50% of the European market and is the second worldwide market, behind Japan. European publishers marketing manga translated into French include Glnat, Asuka, Casterman, Kana, and Pika dition, among others. European publishers also translate manga into German, Italian, Dutch, and other languages. In 2007, about 70% of all comics sold in Germany were manga. Manga publishers based in the United Kingdom include Gollancz and Titan Books. Manga publishers from the United States have a strong marketing presence in the United Kingdom: for example, the Tanoshimi line from Random House A number of artists in the United States have drawn comics and cartoons influenced by manga. As an early example, Vernon Grant drew manga-influenced comics while living in Japan in the late 1960s and early 1970s.Others include Frank Miller's mid-1980s Ronin, Adam Warren and Toren Smith's 1988 The Dirty Pair, Ben Dunn's 1987 Ninja High School and Manga Shi 2000 from Crusade Comics (1997).

By the 21st century several U.S. manga publishers had begun to produce work by U.S. artists under the broad marketing-label of manga. In 2002 I.C. Entertainment, formerly Studio Ironcat and now out of business, launched a series of manga by U.S. artists called Amerimanga. In 2004 eigoMANGA launched the Rumble Pak and Sakura Pakk anthology series. Seven Seas Entertainment followed suit with World Manga. Simultaneously, TokyoPop introduced original English-language manga (OEL manga) later renamed Global Manga. As of 2013 TokyoPop is the largest U.S. publisher of original English-language manga. Francophone artists have also developed their own versions of manga, like Frdric Boilet's la nouvelle manga. Boilet has worked in France and in Japan, sometimes collaborating with Japanese artists

A young boy reading Black Cat in a Barnes & Noble bookstore

A volume of Barefoot Gen was licensed in Germany in the 1980s, as was Japan Inc., published by small presses. Akira's first volume was not very popular. Paul Malone attributes the wider distribution of manga in the late 1990s to the fledgling commercial television stations showing dubbed anime, which lead to the popularity of manga. Malone also notes that the native German comics market collapsed at the end of the 1990s. Manga began outselling other comics in 2000. With a few other series like Appleseed in the following years, the "manga movement" picked up speed with the publication of Dragon Ball, an un-flipped German manga, in late 1996. In 2007, manga account for approximately 7075% of all comics published in Germany, with female readers outnumbering male manga fans. Manga in Indonesia is published by Elex Media Komputindo, Acolyte, Level Comic, M&C and Gramedia, and has greatly influenced Indonesia's original comic industry. The wide distribution of scanlations actually contributes to the growth of publication of bootleg manga, which is printed in lower quality. One of the most notable publisher is Seventh Heaven which publishes bootleg version of One Piece. Many popular titles, such as Bleach, Loki, Magister Nagi, Rose Hip Zero, and Kingdom Hearts, have been pirated, which draws controversy toward manga readers in Indonesia. Comics never gained high popularity in Russia, only few Marvel's titles being a moderate success. Russian readers traditionally considered them children's literature, so the manga market developed late. A strong movement of anime fans helped to spread manga. The general director of Egmont Russia Lev Yelin commented that the most popular manga series in Japan are comics which "contain sex and violence", so they probably won't be published in Russia. A representative of Sakura Press (the licensor and publisher of Ranma , Gunslinger Girl and some other titles) noted that although this niche is perspective, it's hard to advance on the market, because "in Russia comics are considered children's literature". It is also impossible for publishers to predict the success or failure of any specific title. On the contrary, Rosmen's general director

Mikhail Markotkin said the whole popularity of comics doesn't matter, as only artistic talent and good story make a successful project, and only such manga "will work" on the market. The first officially licensed and published manga series in Russia was Ranma . Sakura Press released the first volume in 2005. Since then several legal companies appeared, including Comics Factory and ComixART. Comix-ART, which is working in collaboration with Eksmo, one of the largest publishing houses in Russia, was the first company to publish Original English-language manga (usually called "manga" or just "comics"), such as Bizenghast, Shutterbox and Van Von Hunter. In 2000, Conrad published Saint Seiya and Dragon Ball (both titles already well known, since the equivalent anime had been highly successful in the 1990s). After the success of these titles, Conrad released not only trendy manga like One Piece, Vagabond, Neon Genesis Evangelion, and Slam Dunk, but also classic manga like Osamu Tezuka titles (including Adolf and Buddha), Nausica, and less known titles like Bambi and Her Pink Gun and Sade. In 2003, the Japanese-Brazilian company Japan Brazil Communication (JBC) started publishing manga, releasing Rurouni Kenshin, Magic Knight Rayearth, Cardcaptor Sakura and Video Girl Ai. In 2009, JBC published Clamp titles like X/1999, Tsubasa Reservoir Chronicle and xxxHolic, and popular titles like Inuyasha, Negima!, Fruits Basket, Death Note, Fullmetal Alchemist, Yu-Gi-Oh!, Shaman King, Love Hina and Bakuman, having also picked up the publishing rights for Ranma and Neon Genesis Evangelion in the same year.

Fruits Basket In 2004, Panini started publishing manga, with the release of Peach Girl and Eden. In 2012, Panini published the most popular manga in Brazil: Naruto and Bleach, as well as titles like Black Lagoon, Highschool of the Dead, Full Metal Panic! and Welcome to the N.H.K.. Panini has also, in 2012, acquired the publishing rights to One Piece in Brazil, continuing publication from where Conrad had stopped (Japanese volume 37) as well as reprinting earlier volumes in the original Japanese format.

Cornelius Fudge

"You are blinded by the love of your office, Cornelius! You place too much importance, and you always have done, on the so-called purity of blood! You fail to recognise that it matters not what someone is born, but what they grow to be!" Albus Dumbledore to Cornelius Fudge Minister Cornelius Oswald Fudge, Order of Merlin, First Class, (fl.19641997) was the Minister for Magic from 1990 to 1996. He thus had complete control of the Ministry of Magic, the main governing body of the British wizarding world. Fudge began his career in the Ministry as Junior Minister in the Department of Magical Accidents and Catastrophes. He then succeeded Millicent Bagnold as Minister for Magic, and thus had the responsibility of meeting with the Muggle Prime Minister when necessary. In 1993, following attacks on Muggle-borns at Hogwarts School due to the opening of the Chamber of Secrets, Fudge had Rubeus Hagrid taken to Azkaban so it would look like the Ministry was doing something despite Hagrid's innocence.In 1993-1994, Cornelius Fudge had to deal with the escape of the prisoner Sirius Black from Azkaban; as Fudge believed Black to be threat to society, he had Dementors stationed in Hogwarts andHogsmeade. However, Black narrowly escaped from Fudge's fingers. During the summer holiday, he organised the Quidditch World Cupand the Triwizard Tournament with Ludo Bagman and Bartemius Crouch Sr. After Cedric Diggory's death in the Tournament and Harry claiming Voldemort had returned, Fudge refused to believe it, because it would mean the end of the world he worked so hard to build. Instead, he used his influence at the Daily Prophet to launch asmear campaign against both Harry and Albus Dumbledore, as Fudge was paranoid that Dumbledore was after his job and was simply telling lies.As Minister of Magic, Cornelius Fudge was just about everything a head political figure shouldn't be: corrupt, manipulative and ignorant. To try to maintain order in the wizarding world, Fudge ignored Harry's repeated warnings that Voldemort was back, and ultimately left the nation unprepared when Voldemort returned to power. Driven by paranoia, Fudge continually tried to undermine Dumbledore and Harry and ignored the facts proving Voldemort indeed was back, resulting in the deaths of many muggles and wizards.

Peter Pettigrew

"If you made a better rat than a human, it's not much to boast about, Peter."Sirius Black to Pettigrew Peter Pettigrew,also known by his nickname Wormtail,was a wizard.he began attending Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardy in 1971 and was sorted into Gryffindor house. He was best friends with James Potter, Sirius Black, and Remus Lupin.Pettigrew's Animagus form was a rat, from which his nickname "Wormtail" was derived. The four friends called themselves the Marauders and and together they created the Marauder's Map to navigate Hogwarts . Pettigrew took part in James and Sirius' bullying of Severus Snape. During the First Wizarding War, Peter and his friends were members of the Order of the Phoenix but Pettigrew became a double agent for Lord Voldemort. He was one of Harry's parents' best friends, but he became a double agent for the Death Eaters. He gave up the Potter's secret location to Voldemort, who then went and killed them. After faking his own death and accusing Sirius Black for the Potters' deaths, Peter spent twelve years living in his Animagus form as the Weasley family's pet rat,Scabbers. It was clear Scabbers was an extraordinary rat. He was unusually old for a rat of his species, which had a life expectancy of three years, yet the Weasley family owned him for twelve. The reason he chose to be adopted by a wizard family was that he could keep track of the news in the wizarding world and could rejoin his master , but he never took action during his time as Ron's pet, because Voldemort was not strong enough to protect him.His identity was exposed by Sirius and Remus in "Prisoner of Azkaban" . Remus and Sirius planned to kill their old friend, but Harry intervened after Pettigrew claimed that Harry's father never would have killed him. This, along with Harry's own belief that his father would not want his best friends to become killers, led him to be merciful. Although Harry had intended to hand Pettigrew over to the Dementors and use him to clear Sirius's name at last, this created a life debt between Harry and Pettigrew. Peter, with nowhere else to go, sought protection in returning to the service of Lord Voldemort, who he found in the forests of Albania.He then played a key role in Voldemorts rebirth. When Harry Potter was delivered to the Little Hangleton graveyard per Voldemort's plot, Pettigrew killed Cedric Diggory on his orders and performed the ritual to restore Voldemort to a physical body, reluctantly sacrificing his hand. As a reward for his assistance, Voldemort replaced the hand with a silver one. and he has been acting as his faithful servant ever since.

Bartemius "Barty" Crouch Junior

"Mad, am I? We'll see! We'll see who's mad, now that the Dark Lord has returned, with me at his side! He is back, Harry Potter, you did not conquer himand nowI conquer you!" Barty before trying to kill Harry Potter Bartemius "Barty" Crouch Junior (1962;1995) was a pure-bloodwizard and the son of Bartemius Crouch Sr. He left school at the height of the First Wizarding War and joined Lord Voldemort to become a Death Eater. He was captured with Bellatrix, Rodolphus, and Rabastan Lestrange after they tortured the Aurors Alice and Frank Longbottom with the Cruciatus Curse. Barty and the other Death Eaters were brought to trial before the Council of Magical Law, over which his father presided. Crouch and his comrades were sentenced to life imprisonment in Azkaban for their crimes by his own father. His mother plotted to switch places with him, and Crouch spent years living under his father's Imperius Curse. Crouch also loved Quidditch in his youth. Winky used this reason to persuade his father to allow him to attend the1994 Quidditch World Cup, as a treat for his good behaviour (under the Imperius Curse). Barty's seat, by chance, was in a skybox alongside Harry Potter and Ron Weasley. During the Quidditch match, Barty broke free of the Imperius Curse his father had placed on him. Furious of his father's actions, Barty decided to get revenge, and stole Harry's wand, which was in view. He then escaped Winky's watch over him, as she was so afraid of heights in the sky box that she covered her eyes for the entire Quidditch match.Crouch launched the Dark Mark into the air to frighten disloyal Death Eaters.Left alone in the house with only father and son, one night shortly after the Dark Mark incident, Peter Pettigrew and Lord Voldemort, who needed a loyal follower to help him regain power, managed to free Barty from his father's imprisonment. They put Bartemius Sr. under the Imperius Curse and forced him to keep working at the Ministry as he usually would.He again entered the Dark Lord's service, disguised as Alastor Moody, the new Defence Against the Dark Arts professor at Hogwarts during the 19941995 school year. In this role, Crouch manipulated the Triwizard Tournament so that Harry Potter was chosen as a champion, and turned the Triwizard Cup into a Portkeythat transported Harry and Cedric Diggory to Voldemort. Shortly afterwards, his identity was exposed, and Crouch was given the Dementor's Kiss by a Dementor Cornelius Fudge had brought along with him.

Fenrir Greyback

"Fenrir Greyback is, perhaps, the most savage werewolf alive today. He regards it as his mission in life to bite and to contaminate as many people as possible; he wants to create enough werewolves to overcome the wizards. Voldemort has promised him prey in return for his services. Greyback specialises in children... Bite them young, he says, and raise them away from their parents, raise them to hate normal wizards." Remus Lupin on Greyback. Fenrir Greyback was a werewolf notorious for his savagery and preference for attacking children. He was a leader in his community and strived to infect as many people as possible with lycanthropy, hoping to build an army strong enough to eventually take over the wizarding community. He was the one who infected Remus Lupin with lycanthropy. At some point either before or during the First Wizarding War, Greyback joined the service of Lord Voldemort. He did not join the Death Eaters because he believed in Voldemort's cause, but because allying himself with them would give him greater access to potential victims. Although considered to be aDeath Eater, Greyback was not given the Dark Mark on his forearm. He was also not accepted as a Death Eater, as Voldemort was prejudiced against his lycanthropy. Greyback was used as a weapon by Voldemort, who would often use the werewolf to intimidate individuals to do his bidding, threatening to send Greyback to attack their children. After Voldemort was presumed killed in1981 after his confrontation with the Potters at Godric's Hollow, Greyback was one of the Dark Lord's numerous followers who believed him to be dead and therefore did not make any attempt to find him . With Voldemort's return in 1995,[4] he began to gather his old forces to renew his war on the wizarding world. Greyback returned to Voldemort's side. In the summer of 1996, shortly after the Battle of the Department of Mysteries, Greyback and several Death Eaters raided Diagon Alley, kidnapping the wandmaker Garrick Ollivander. He was also among a group of Death Eaters that destroyed the Millennium Bridge, in London.During the Second Wizarding War, he and the pack of werewolves he led allied themselves with Lord Voldemort, though they were not considered Death Eaters. Greyback fought in the Battle of Hogwarts, where he at one point attacked Lavender Brown, but was incapacitated by a Blasting spell by Hermione and then a crystal ball to the head by Trelawney. During the second part of the battle, where both sides face-off in the Great Hall, he is defeated by Ron Weasley and Neville Longbottom. It is likely he was either killed or imprisoned in Azkaban afterwards.

Bellatrix Lestrange

"Potter, you cannot win against me! I was and am the Dark Lord's most loyal servant. I learned the Dark Arts from him, and I know spells of such power that you, pathetic little boy, can never hope to compete!" Bellatrix to Harry Potter during the Battle of the Department of Mysteries Bellatrix Lestrange (ne Black) (19512 May, 1998) was a pure-blood witch and the daughter of Cygnus and Druella Black and elder sister of Andromeda and Narcissa. She started her education at Hogwarts in 1962. After graduating from Hogwarts, she became a Death Eater, fanatically loyal to Lord Voldemort. She was one of the few known females in the group, as well as among the most dangerous and sadistic of Voldemort's followers. While Bellatrix and Narcissa married pure-blood wizards, Andromeda married Ted Tonks and was disowned from the family. At the end of the First Wizarding War, Bellatrix, her husband, Rodolphus Lestrange, his brother Rabastan, and Barty Crouch Jr. took part in the torture of Aurors Frank and Alice Longbottom to the point of insanity, while searching for information on Lord Voldemort after his first downfall. They were caught, and sentenced to life imprisonment in Azkaban for torturing the two Aurors, but escaped in the 1996 mass break-out, along with nine other Death Eaters. She participated in several battles of the Second Wizarding War, making it a particular goal to kill any relatives who were members of the Order of the Phoenix, including her cousin Sirius Black and niece Nymphadora Tonks. She also killed the Malfoy family's former house-elf, Dobby, who had become a firm ally of Harry Potter. During the battle that ended the war, she was the last Death Eater standing, apart from Voldemort, but was eventually killed in a duel with Molly Weasley. Bellatrix was born in 1951 to Cygnus and Druella Black, who raised her to prize her pureblood heritageBellatrix also held her cousin Sirius Black in contempt for being a "blood traitor"Bellatrix came from the elite Black family, and as such she was given a privileged lifestyle. Bellatrix attended Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry and was sorted into Slytherin House. She eventually married Rodolphus Lestrange a fellow pure-blood, as was expected of her and when Lord Voldemort first rose to power, she and her husband joined the Death Eaters.When the First Wizarding War broke out, Bellatrix and her husband Rodolphus both fought for Voldemort as two of his Death Eaters, and remained loyal to Voldemort throughout the war and even after he had fallen.After the Dark Lord's fall on 31 October, 1981, Bellatrix and a group of Death Eaters, including her husband, brother-in-law, and Barty Crouch Jr., captured Aurors and Order of the Phoenix members Alice and Frank Longbottom, new parents to Neville Longbottom. Bellatrix and her associates used the Cruciatus Curse to torture them to insanity, a crime for which they were tried before the Council of Magical Law, and sentenced to life imprisonment in Azkaban. As a result of their torture, Alice and Frank spent the rest of their lives atSt Mungo's Hospital for Magical

Maladies and Injuries, and were unaware they even had a son together. Unlike many other Death Eaters, Bellatrix did not attempt to lie about her loyalty she proudly proclaimed that she was loyal to the Dark Lord and that she would wait for his return. Indeed, Bellatrix was so proud of her loyalty to the Dark Lord that, during her trial before the Council of Magical Law, she was said to have sat upon the chair she was chained to as if it were a throne. She would later describe herself as his "most loyal servant" and even Lord Voldemort, whom Bellatrix admired most of all, gained a considerable deal of respect for her. Bellatrix, unlike most people, did not go mad in Azkaban for she was already mad before she went in.

Tom Riddle(Voldemort)

"You don't know who his supporters are, you don't know who's working for him and who isn't; you know he can control people so that they do terrible things without being able to stop themselves. You're scared for yourself, and your family, and your friends. Every week, news comes of more deaths, more disappearances, more torturing... the Ministry of Magic's in disarray, they don't know what to do, they're trying to keep everything hidden from the Muggles, but meanwhile, Muggles are dying too. Terror everywhere... panic... confusion... that's how it used to be." Sirius Black Tom Marvolo Riddle later known as Lord Voldemort, was a half-blood wizard and considered to be the most powerful Dark Wizard of all time. He was the son of wealthy Muggle Tom Riddle Sr., and witch Merope Gaunt, who died shortly after childbirth. Tom Riddle Sr. left his wife soon after she became pregnant with their son, having been released from the enchantment of a love potion which had started their relationship. Their son, Tom Marvolo Riddle, was born and raised in a Muggleorphanage, but eventually attended Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry and was sorted into Slytherin house. Tom Riddle was thought to be one of the most talented pupils to attend Hogwarts. Having embraced the Dark Arts he encountered in his travels, the former Tom Riddle, now known exclusively as Lord Voldemort, raised an enormous army comprised of followers he recruited both at school and afterwards, as well as many dark creatures. This army, known as the Death Eaters, began a campaign of terror and violence never before seen in Britain. After hearing half of a prophecy referring to a single being with the power to destroy him, Voldemort set off to kill Harry Potter, to whom he believed the prophecy referred. After murdering Harry's parents, Lily and James, Voldemort turned his wand upon the boy, but due to Lily Potter's loving sacrifice,

Voldemort's curse rebounded upon him and his body was destroyed. Stripped of his physical form, Voldemort fled to a far-flung forest in Albania, to await the day when he could regain a body and return to power. After thirteen years of waiting that day would finally arrive, and with the use of Potters own blood, the Dark Lord rose again.

Bibliography:

1. http://moviesblog.mtv.com/2010/11/11/top-10-harry-potter-villains-voldemort-bellatrix-lestrange/

2. http://harrypotter.wikia.com/wiki/Draco

3. http://harrypotter.wikia.com/wiki/Snape

4. http://harrypotter.wikia.com/wiki/Cornelius_Fudge

5. http://harrypotter.wikia.com/wiki/Peter_Pettigrew

6. http://harrypotter.wikia.com/wiki/Bartemius_Crouch_Jr.

7. http://harrypotter.wikia.com/wiki/Fenrir

8. http://harrypotter.wikia.com/wiki/Bellatrix

9. http://harrypotter.wikia.com/wiki/Voldemort