in the last class:

what then is the perfection of the soul? the true being of each human?

THE FOUR CARDINAL VIRTUES FROM THE ANCIENT TRADITION

psyche higher faculties body lower faculties

psyche higher faculties

body lower faculties

{ {

the desire for study and reading for insight, friendship and compassion, faith and prayer, et cetera

the desire for food and drink, physical beauty, sensual pleasures, comfort and luxury, et cetera

a basic principle about being human

to nourish the higher faculties is to enlarge the soul and intellect to nourish the lower faculties is to intensify base appetites and bodily impulses

what is virtue? vague its place is in the higher faculties it means excellence, a skill a virtue is a skill of the psyche kahusayan ng kaluluwa

THE FOUR CARDINAL VIRTUES FROM THE ANCIENT TRADITION

SOPHIA ANDREIA SOPHROSYNE DIKAIOSYNE

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sophia
wisdom. the skill of thinking well karunungan o kahusayan sa pag-iisip

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sophia
knowledge of the Good, of being ability to discern the proper place of things valuing the truly valuable, instead of the merely trivial or petty

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A person who has no horizon does not see far enough and hence overvalues what is nearest to him. On the other hand, to have a horizon means not being limited to what is nearby but being able to see beyond it. A person who has an horizon knows the relative significance of everything within this horizon, whether it is near or far, great or small.
Truth and Method, Hans-Georg Gadamer

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for example,
suppose your grade ve kid brother was suspended for cheating in an exam the hoi polloi are often narrow-minded and short-sighted what is the opposite? perspective

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without this:
crooked thinking [versus ka(tuwid!)ran] mistaken decisions that are disruptive and frustrative of being human the next three virtues become impossible

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andreia
courage or fortitude katapangan

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andreia
sophia is to know the Good, andreia is to activate and sustain it in action the impulse to will the Good

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for example,
story about a lifetime of selling soap what does it take to do otherwise? courage

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without this:
foolish bravado or weakness of the will a self disengaged from itself [pagkalutang]

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sophrosyne
evenness of temper, equanimity kahinahunan sa harap ng kalabisan ng damdamin at makamundong pagnanasa

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which holds sway?

sound-mindedness, equanimity in the face of different circumstances reason governs the passions impulses of the lower faculties: excessive pride/ vanity, anger, lust, envy, desire also addictions passions govern reason

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without this:
suffering inicted on oneself or others bondage to desire and excessive emotions

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dikaiosyne
justice or harmony in the soul katarungan o pagtutugma ng mga bahagi ng kaluluwa

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dikaiosyne
status of the journey towards the true and good life pagmemeron versus pagwawala

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lets take a fteen minute break?

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three examples
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to concretize, example 1
for many ateneans, what is a career? it ensures a the lifestyle, a kind of purchasing power (consumerism) career = karera to not be left behind in what is purchased

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to concretize, example 1
but is this not an instrument through which one hones ones skills, by which one seeks full-lment [being]? why a career in medicine? business? law? career = karera to progressively overcome ones own limitations

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SOPHIA ANDREIA SOPHROSYNE DIKAIOSYNE

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to concretize, example 2
for many, the sexual act ends at the pleasure it brings and/or the void that it lls in oneself but isnt it for intimacy? pagtatalik = mas matalik na ugnayan ng dalawang kaluluwa

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SOPHIA ANDREIA SOPHROSYNE DIKAIOSYNE

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to concretize, example 3
for many, attending sunday mass is merely a duty by which one exhibits: I am a good person also, they treat it like a vendo machine but is this not the ritual that concretizes ones deepening relation with the Absolute, by which ones soul is sustained and nourished?

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SOPHIA ANDREIA SOPHROSYNE DIKAIOSYNE

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THE SENSUAL WORLD!!LOUISE!GLCK From The Seven Ages (Ecco Press/HarperCollins) THE SENSUAL WORLD !!river LOUISE GLCK I call to you across a monstrous or !chasm From The Seven Ages (Ecco you. Press/HarperCollins) to caution you, to prepare Earth will seduce you, slowly, imperceptibly, I call to you across a monstrous river or chasm subtly, not to say with connivance. to caution you, to prepare you. I was not prepared: I stood in my grandmothers kitchen, Earth will seduce you, slowly, plums, imperceptibly, holding out my glass. Stewed stewed apricots subtly, not to say with connivance. the juice poured off into the glass of ice. I wasthe notwater prepared: I stood in my kitchen, And added, patiently, in grandmothers small increments, holding out my glass. Stewed plums, stewed apricots the various cousins discriminating, tasting the off into the glass of ice. withjuice eachpoured addition And the water added, patiently, in small increments, aroma of summer fruit, intensity of concentration: the discriminating, the various colored cousins liquid turning graduallytasting lighter, more radiant, with each addition more light passing through it. aroma of summer fruit, of concentration: Delight, then solace. My intensity grandmother waiting, the colored liquid turning gradually lighter, more radiant, to see if more was wanted. Solace, then deep immersion. more light passing through I loved nothing more: deep it. privacy of the sensual life, Delight, then solace. My grandmother waiting, the self disappearing into it or inseparable from it, to see if more was wanted. Solace, then deep immersion. somehow suspended, oating, its needs I loved nothing more: deep privacy of the sensual life, fully exposed, awakened, fully alive the self disappearing it it or inseparable from it, Deep immersion, andinto with somehow suspended, oating, its needs fully exposed, awakened, fully alive Deep immersion, and with it

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mysterious safety. Far away, the fruit glowing in its glass bowls Outside the kitchen, the sun setting. I was not prepared: sunset, end of summer. Demonstrations of time as a continuum, as something coming to an end, not a suspension; the senses wouldnt protect me. I caution you as I was never cautioned: you will never let go, you will never be satiated. You will be damaged and scarred, you will continue to hunger. Your body will age, you will continue to need. You will want the earth, then more of the earth Sublime, indifferent, it is present, it will not respond. It is encompassing, it will not minister.

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not a suspension; the senses wouldnt protect me. I caution you as I was never cautioned: you will never let go, you will never be satiated. You will be damaged and scarred, you will continue to hunger. Your body will age, you will continue to need. You will want the earth, then more of the earth Sublime, indifferent, it is present, it will not respond. It is encompassing, it will not minister. Meaning, it will feed you, it will ravish you, It will not keep you alive.

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nutshell 1
In the Allegory of the Cave we nd the rst articulation of the true world of being = the Good that transcends all that is fragmentary and changing This allegory depicts the human condition: nostalgia as our experience and anamnesis as our journey

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nutshell 2
From Platos metaphysics we have a standard for measuring human action, we can now speak of right and wrong How is action measured? By the contemplation of the Good, of what is true in oneself as a metaphysical being [opposite: the corrupted self in self-annihilation]

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nutshell 3
The four cardinal virtues specify the skills to be honed and developed, by which we attain our perfection, our true being evil = ignoratio and privatio, the crookedness and frustratedness of the soul (corruption)

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SOME ANNOUNCEMENTS RE: WEEKS OF JULY 9 AND 16, 2012
Bulaong classes: Ph 104 E, H, Q, U, W (1st Sem, 2012-13)

I. FILM SHOWING SCHEDULE AND OUTPUT We will not meet during the regular scheduled classes on 9, 10, and 11 July 2012 (Mon, Tue, and Wed). What are you going to do instead? (1) Organize yourselves into groups of not less than 5 or not more than 6 (no exceptions). (2) You are required to choose one film viewing slot and, together as a group, watch the film that is shown in that slot:
date Mon, 09 July 2012 CHOOSE ONE AMONG THE FOUR Mon, 09 July 2012 Tue, 10 July 2012 Wed, 11 July 2012 time 8:30 10:30 am 10:30 am 12:30 pm 10:30 am 12:00 pm 2:00 4:00 pm venue FAVR FAVR SEC C201A FAVR

(3) We will meet again on Thurs, 12 July or Fri, 13 July 2012.

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II. DOCUMENTARY VIEWING