LMS INTERNATIONAL

MEMO
To : From : Date : CAE Support Group SYSNOISE Development Group January 2002

ACOUSTIC TRANSFER VECTOR INTERPOLATION : FREQUENCY STEP CRITERION

Introduction
ATV interpolation is a powerful technique that allows for fast solution and database size reduction. Figure (1) compares a direct response (pressure at point 1 using unit velocity at node 1490 of an engine block) performed every 5Hz with an ATRF (Acoustic Transfer Function) calculated every 50Hz and interpolated every 5Hz. Except at the non-unique frequencies, a very good agreement is found (no treatment was applied to eleminate the non-uniqueness problem).

Figure 1: Comparison between direct response and ATRF node 1490 point 1 (behind). Red: direct response (5Hz, no interpolation). Blue: ATRF with amplitude/phase linear interpolation (50Hz frequency steps). Green: ATRF with amplitude/phase spline interpolation (50Hz frequency steps).

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Nevertheless, one has to be carefull on the frequency step used to compute the ATVs. Figure (2) shows the interpolated ATRF for frequency steps of 50 and 100Hz. An aliasing effect can be clearly observed for 100Hz frequency steps. This aliasing effect is obtained when less than two frequencies per pseudo-cycle are used to compute the ATVs.

Figure 2: ATRF node 1490 point 1. Red: linear interpolation with 50Hz steps. Blue: spline interpolation with 50Hz steps. Green: linear interpolation with 100Hz steps. Pink: spline interpolation with 100Hz steps.

The purpose of this short memo is to give a guideline on how to select the frequency step for ATV interpolation.

Convergence criterion for ATV interpolation

It has been shown in the introduction that one should at least use two frequencies per pseudo-cycle, i.e. f <

F . 2

Any point of a radiating surface (no enclosure) will act mainly as monopole and dipole. The ATRF can therefore be written as :

ATRF = A

ikr e ikr e 1 + B + ik 4r 4r r

(1)

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which can be rewritten as:
ikr B e ATRF = A + + ikB r 4r

(2)

or finally:

ATRF = C
where C e

e ikr i(k ) 4r

(3)

i ( k )

the field point. The pseudo-cycle K is such that:

B = A + + ikB and where r is the distance between the node and r

(4)

Kr + (K ) = 2
Figure (3) shows the Nyquist diagram for the two terms A +

can be observed that ( K ) cannot exceed the value , therefore:

e ikr B + ikB and . It 4r r

(5)

Kr
or again:

2Fr c
Using the fact the frequency step should be such that f <

(6)

F , it finally becomes 2
(7)

c 4r

Note that for a monopole behavior, B = = 0 and the previous relationship becomes:

f <

c 2r

(8)

Finally, note that when evaluating the convergence criterion for ATV interpolation, one should use the maximum distance between the nodes and the field points as value r in equation (7).

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B A + + ikB r
e ikr 4r

Figure 3: Nyquist diagram for the ATRF components.

Validation of the interpolation formula on a simple example So in practice, there is a simple rule to determine the optimal frequency step to decrease the computation time and keep sufficient information for the accuracy of the solution. We will now test it on a simple model: a pulsated box. We fix the range of frequencies of interest: 10Hz to 300Hz by linear step of 10Hz

Pulsated box (1m/s)in air

Figure 4: Model for the test

To test the robustness of the formula, we will study this simple model where the distance d and the number of computed ATV will vary. We have done it in LMS OPTIMUS.

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Template of the command file

Relative error regarding to BEM conventionnel Definition of the parameters which has to vary

Figure 5: OPTIMUS run The study was done first at a fixed distance (d=4m) with a different number of ATV. The figure 6 gives the relative error (regarding to BEM conventionnel) of the pressure obtained at the point.

Figure 6: Relative error regarding to the the step of frequency between 2 ATV

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So, if we go back to the formula:

c = 340/(4.4)=21.55Hz, deltaf at which the error is quite small 4r

c = 43.1Hz. 2r

Since a pulsated box is more similar to the monopole, we can see that the aliasing effect appear for a f =

The same kind of conclusion can be done if we fix the number of computed ATV=20(step of frequency between 2 ATV) and vary the distance between the microphon and the model.

Figure 7: Relative error regarding to the distance

If we use 20 ATV, the deltaf is egal to 14.5Hz. For a monopole behaviour, the maximum distance is d =

c =11m72 after this aliasing effect appear. 2f

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