Chapter 23 Earth's Surface REVIEW NAME_____________

Figure 23-1

1. Identify the parts of the water cycle

A B C

D E F
2. What does weathering, force of gravity, and wind each do in erosion

3. Define Evaporation: Define Transpiration:

4. Most of Earth’s liquid fresh water is found where?___________________________________________

5. Define the term Aquifer:

6. Give your Best example of erosion?

7. Give examples of chemical Weathering Give examples of Mechanical weathering

8. Define Landslide: Define Mud slide

 9. Define Creep and give one example of a creep (not y our neighbor either)

10. A stream’s ability to erode depends mainly on _________________________________________

11. Meanders, V-shaped valleys, and oxbow lakes are all features formed by ______________________

12. What is an Alluvial Fan?

13. Caves are formed by erosion from

14. Define the term Till:

15. What is deflation and abrasion ? What causes the two?

16. Describes the changing conditions in the ocean as depth increases?

17. Why do most ocean organisms live above a water depth of 500 meters?_________________________________

18. Surface currents in the ocean are caused by__________________________________________________

19. What type of ocean current brings cold water from the deep ocean to the surface?_______________________

20. What is the process that moves sand along a shore?_______________________________________

21. What type of erosion causes sea stacks? ________________________________________

22. The absolute age of an igneous rock found on a beach can be determined by using _____________________

23. List three methods Geologists could use to compare the age of sedimentary rock layers in Bryce Canyon with sedimentary rock layers in the
Grand Canyon?

24. The Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous periods are divisions of which era? _____________________________
25. When did the first land plants and animals appear in the fossil record?______________________________Era

26. A rock that allows water to flow through it is said to be ____________________.

27. Fresh water on Earth occurs in lakes, ponds, rivers, streams, in groundwater, in the atmosphere as water vapor, and in
____________________.

28. ____________________ is the process by which rocks are chemically altered or physically broken down into fragments at or near Earth’s
surface.

29. The main agent of chemical weathering is ____________________.

30. Slumping, landslides, mudflows, and ____________________ are all forms of mass movement.

31. A(An) ____________________ glacier is a thick sheet of ice that covers large areas of land.

32. The process by which sand is moved along a shore is called _________________________.

33. Humans evolved during the ____________________ Era.

34. When a stream flows out of a mountain range onto a flat area of land, it deposits sediments in a(an) _________________________.

35. The ______________________________ is a gently sloping plain covered with shallow water along the edges of continents.

36. Currents in the deep ocean are caused by density differences in ocean water. These density differences are caused by temperature and
____________________ differences.

37. The _____________________________________ is used by geologists to determine the relative ages of sedimentary rock layers.

38. The top of the region where pore spaces in rock and soil are filled with groundwater is referred to as the ____________________.

39. An area where there are large variations between high and low temperatures during a 24-hour period should have higher rates of
____________________ weathering.

40. In mountainous areas, valley glaciers cut ____________________ valleys.

41. What are three common features of fast-moving streams in mountainous areas?

42. Describe the changes in amount of light, temperature, and pressure as depth in the ocean increases.

43. How are landslides and mudflows alike?

44. Describe how a glacier erodes the land.

Chapter 23 Earth's Surface
Answer Section

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. ANS: C DIF: L2 OBJ: 23.1.1

2. ANS: D DIF: L2 OBJ: 23.2.1
3. ANS: B DIF: L1 OBJ: 23.1.1
4. ANS: A DIF: L1 OBJ: 23.1.2
5. ANS: D DIF: L1 OBJ: 23.1.1
6. ANS: D DIF: L1 OBJ: 23.2.1
7. ANS: C DIF: L1 OBJ: 23.2.2
8. ANS: A DIF: L1 OBJ: 23.2.3
9. ANS: D DIF: L2 OBJ: 23.2.3
10. ANS: C DIF: L1 OBJ: 23.3.1
11. ANS: B DIF: L2 OBJ: 23.3.1
12. ANS: B DIF: L1 OBJ: 23.3.2
13. ANS: D DIF: L1 OBJ: 23.3.3
14. ANS: B DIF: L1 OBJ: 23.4.1
15. ANS: D DIF: L1 OBJ: 23.4.2
16. ANS: A DIF: L1 OBJ: 23.5.1
17. ANS: A DIF: L2 OBJ: 23.5.1
18. ANS: D DIF: L1 OBJ: 23.5.2
19. ANS: B DIF: L2 OBJ: 23.5.2
20. ANS: D DIF: L1 OBJ: 23.5.3
21. ANS: C DIF: L2 OBJ: 23.5.3
22. ANS: A DIF: L1 OBJ: 23.6.1
23. ANS: D DIF: L2 OBJ: 23.6.1
24. ANS: D DIF: L1 OBJ: 23.6.2
25. ANS: B DIF: L2 OBJ: 23.6.2

COMPLETION

26. ANS: permeable

DIF: L1 OBJ: 23.1.1

27. ANS: glaciers

DIF: L1 OBJ: 23.1.2

28. ANS: Weathering

DIF: L1 OBJ: 23.2.1

29. ANS: water

DIF: L1 OBJ: 23.2.2

30. ANS: creep

DIF: L1 OBJ: 23.2.3

31. ANS: continental

DIF: L1 OBJ: 23.4.1

 32. ANS: longshore drift

DIF: L1 OBJ: 23.5.3

33. ANS: Cenozoic

DIF: L1 OBJ: 23.6.2

34. ANS: alluvial fan

DIF: L2 OBJ: 23.3.2

35. ANS: continental shelf

DIF: L2 OBJ: 23.5.1

36. ANS: salinity

DIF: L2 OBJ: 23.5.2

37. ANS: law of superposition

DIF: L2 OBJ: 23.6.1

38. ANS: water table

DIF: L2 OBJ: 23.1.2

39. ANS: mechanical

DIF: L2 OBJ: 23.2.2

40. ANS: U-shaped

DIF: L2 OBJ: 23.4.1

SHORT ANSWER

41. ANS:
waterfalls, rapids, and V-shaped valleys

DIF: L1 OBJ: 23.3.2

42. ANS:
The amount of light decreases, temperature decreases, and pressure increases.

DIF: L1 OBJ: 23.5.1

43. ANS:
Both occur rapidly on steep slopes.

DIF: L2 OBJ: 23.2.3

44. ANS:
As the glacier moves, it grinds and scrapes the bedrock and soil at its base and sides.

DIF: L2 OBJ: 23.4.1