THE LABOR CAMPS FOR GERMAN-ROMANIAN DEPORTEES IN USSR 1945-1949.

By Dr. Dan-Simion Grecu, Deva, Romania

'l he 60.000 Lrnl' Donbass basin (loday niulecl Donctzk) is situared in Souihern Ukraine' boarded on Soulheasl by thc Don l{iver, SoLrth by the Azol Sea, and at West by the Dniepr River-. Crossed by dre Donetz nver. with its mainlown being Donetzk (named up to 1961 Stalino), it encompass an industrial area and a coal mining aea. Tl1is was the franre of one ofthe dramatic episodes of the post-War histor): the deportation ol the Ronanian Gcnnan ethiics (the Romanian tr'olk"li.lculsthe')lo forced

labor carnps. The story begins \tith a notc ofihe Lieutnant-Ceneral Winogrador', r'r'ho told the Romalian authorities

on6.1.19,15'themobiti.atian[henveenlAand2ao.f,.lanuary]olallGermaninhabitantsabletowork, no ndtler lhet citize|1ship. Men henteen l7 alnd 15 ledrs afage, the omen helween J8 and30years !...1 Those mohilized trill have vith them: tNinter clathing, boots, shitts rLnd betlclothes, kni/b and lbrk, sanit.lD) obiects, and.foodfor l5 duys, their tot.l weight being unclet 20 kgs [. J The mobilized Gefindn citizens will hctre lhe righL lo ||rile und la recefie leltert tind TtarceLs' On 18.1 19'15 this note became public. being issued in a press release, which stated that this mobilisation 'las apro'lsory character, being a matlet af work.fbr the needs oftt,tLr' . Thelocality -[or this 'r'or,k,rbr l',rt' t{as nevet publishecl, but everybody kne\! this u'as somerl'here in the huge USSR. Even ifthe Roman-Lan Primelvlinister, Gene1 Radescu, opposed to this demand (suggesling in his rep1,v of 1i 1.1945 that the
Romanian Postal History Bullelln 2002; 1l:2

(\\ hole number j8)

,11

so[Lrion for compu]soq $ork was in Romania inslead ofdepofialion to dlc tjSSR), his reqLrest was late, arriving on ihe very da) $hei the depoflatjons \,vere at theil height'

the

IIcrearesomedelailsoithedeporlaliorr,$llichstaftcddLLingthenighlol1011111945\eitharrestsin ertilc counhy. ln the evenirlg of 10.1.19:15 thc arrests sterlecl in Br!lso\', the (icrmans being kcpt in barracks near. rhe Aviation llotiila garrison. rvbcre a Rnssiur colonel spoke lo tl'tem on 12.1.19'15. Itl thc night of 10/'l L 1.19"1i rhe afiests aiso sladed il] Rrcharest. with 11.500 persons al]ested up until the erenlngofI1.1.19,15 (\\'ilh about 15,000 being alrcsted in total) On 12 1I9:15ilclLrsti00tlof BucharisL's Gc'na,rs lcft the ivlogoioaia railu'a] station \\ith a 36-coach tmin. l he eiiests in Sibiu starrecl during the light o1 12/13.1.19..15 (previo[sl1. on 10.lanlLar!. a]'IKVD balallion ani\iedinthe cit!). Thc Ciennans 1'rom l imifoara irnd Lhc l inlig-Tor ontal counq \"erc siresLed {iom the night ()1' 1ji l.l.1.19,+5 up to 16 olJanuary. /\nd so on. An oficial rcport li.om -F'ebrual1 19.15, statecl lhal ethnic Gemans \\,ere auesled also in Ilriila. Olteni!x, Ploic$ti, Driml.ovila count). Vlx;ca. Slalina' Telcorman. Ser crin, Ilclila. etc. Howe\er, tjte llonriuian author'itics nanaged tu saLe ll om the deporhtion morc than 10,000 Cicrmatl clhnics. rtho *'cre gir,en 'cxcepliors firr (liltc.cnt reasons
St:rtistics ol thc dcportttion: in a repon ol a Conlrol r\llied (bmission meeling fi orn 1:1.2 I 9'+5, the number ol lhe depodces was eslimaled 4169,000 (to be conpored \\jth the initial planiecl figrrre oI 30.000. but I 1.0{l{) Gernans u,ere gi\en 'e\ccptions' bl the Romanian Go|crnmeni) ln a repofl olthc Romanian (iendarmer\ Cieneral Inspcctomte liorn lhc sarne da), the tolal tigure olGcrmalls put on the Gcnda|mery s lisls 1br-dapodation \\"as 01 6r+-_+19 pcrsorls Atthedilte\ihenlheIcl''rt r'rl. \rirten' .16.5.+ll Cern1ilrls rlerc already rleponed (and near these tberc u'ere 11.9211 e\ception' Gemrans. 3.60'1 'missing'. l2 dcccesecl and 2.l3g wilh c diller-cnr domicilc vcrsus thc lists (u'td therelble, thcl' escaped rhe depofialior). Ihcsamc tigule ol:16,540 is scen in another repod of 12 1i.L9'15 ,\ denographic encluirlofI5.8.19.19slatedtheligureof70.l'13deportecs.Othersourcesestinetestheflgurc01-al
leasr E0,000 deporlees.

As I fir'st r!cntioncd. the deslindlion 1'or all thesc civilian deportees \\'es the Doibess basin. rrhere both mcn and \\omcn were lut lo work in coal nrincs, flrclodes. pLants. agricuillLral lalms. el!. etc for an e:ianplc. the depo ees liont rhe rtork camps aroLlnd Nlal(ecvka \\'orkecl inthcrrines ir c,lal lranspoftaliou. in sloDe and sand quan ies and in c concrctc facloll Ihewolkand liling condirions Varicd \\idely, lront acceplable up ro hard and e\lem1]nating.

'Ihe r.volk canps u,crc neulr cstablished ar-ound the pre-elistcni PO\\' Canlp Adni[istralions or Canp (:lomplexes (CCl) ofthc 1)onbass basin. Each CC had responsibility liom'1 uf to 50 differenl Po\\i camps. of\\hich onc or nrorc rverc r,'otk canlps. ln thc first months or )eals. some ofthese wolk camps \\cre -!onieho\\' Frovis ion al. bcing, lor cxamfle. onl) slruounded $'ith l'ences ol'ba|bed uire in 1947 (as one reporler slated). Lach rvork camp rvas assigned a:1 digit nufiber, bet\tcen 1000 and 1999 (see l able 2).

A lisl of fie pre-existent POW camp complexes can be seen in "lable 1 (compiled ftonl ihe r'ork of Kurt \\t. Biihme Dic deL!t'schen Kriegsgefungenen in sottjeti'\cher Hand Eine Bilanz. yetlrg Emst und Wemer Gieseking, Bielel'eld, Nlunchen 1966i). Not all ofLhese have yet been found to be CC repo irls u,ork camps, blLt fiose lelv llr)ou'n j. this situation are notcd in ildliaJ.
'Tonotclhatin$ir$'ork(exc.Llen!otherwise).lheca psrvifianurnberofrhc'1000-l900 se cs are and co.\alcscent establislimerts-, whicl is entifely cnoneous, these vcre simpl) nrrccd labor ca ps
seen as'hospital

Romanian Postal Llistor'-v Bullenn:1101;

lli2 (Nhole

nurnber 38)

4).

By analyzing the geographical lcpartition ofthe Camp Conple\es and the assig.ment ofthe \lorking
camps to these CCs, one can suppose lhat

th

e \n'ere some

logical assignmenls. as foLlowsl

- The $ork camps ofthe series '1000' (camps with |rumbels I001-1056 at least) all seem to be -Cs 7111-7242-1172 (Nl^keevka - Gorlovka), two places close to each other and assigned to the being only 50 ltm apal1. I have tbund so lar on mail only the camps 1002, 1013, 1022' 1028, 1050,
r

05,1 1056.

- The u,ori< camps ofseries '1200' (camps 1201-1220 at least, lrom which onl) the camps 1205, 1214. 1217, 1220 }rave been founcl on mail) all seem to hdve bcen assigned to $e CCs 71'14 - 7256 (Voroshilovgmd - Krasnii l,uci). trto places again rvith a distance of i0 km bet$'een them - The work camps ofthe series '1.100' (camps 1'101-14i5 at least, ofwhich the following have been seen on mail: 1404, 1,11i, 141i. 1415. 1416. 1435), seem lo havc been assigned all to the san]e CC
7-315

(Dneprodzcrdzinsk).
(on11 no. 1501 scen so fat) couid l]avc beei assigned to lhe CC

ol lhe series '1500' (Zxporojetz). 7100

- Thc rvorh camps

The assignmcnt of lhe *ork camps of series "l600" 1onl1 no.16j 1 seen) and "1800'- (only no.1801 seei) is unknou'n and cannot e\en be even speculatcd. Fu her, camps \\'ith nllmbels oflhe series "l 100". "i 300" and "1700" hirve nol becn sccn ) et, but thc) may exist.

A compilation ofthe items scnt from Work Camps ancl known so far (nosll-Y lrom lhe authors' dnd Horst Schener's collcctions) can be seen in Table 2. As noled. thc cxacl location ollhese carnps is knorn only in a f'erv cases. Other places $here camps were established (and u'her'e Gernans mainlt' fion Satu-\,fare ccrunty uere alepolted) lvere: Kouslantinovka. Nikto. 3 Della, Nikitovna Zapolojie, lLrnkom. Ilrrakiev, Gorod Santa. tscriozo\,ta, Kri\oi-Rog, Kapitalna- Iioslov Sahti, Krasnoarmiciski, Orsk lJral, Budjonorta, Dneprocljerjinsh, Sahta Ar-iioma, DneprolJelrovsklJetepetovka. I(istekova, Sahti Oblesk (liese names NIe not ]et ve fiecl and could be misspelled).

Iqu!gj!: camp complexes for POWS in the Donbas basin.

The colunn lieadings arei first column thc CC numbets (note fiat the POW camp numbers $'ele. up to i 947. betuen l-999. rvith a '7' adclcd as prellx after that year. so an old nr.tmbcr ot' 315 became 7i15), sccond column the contempomry name, last column present da] namc.

cc
100 125 144 177 217

242 256 280 315 417

474

460

Locrlisation 1945-19.19 Zaporaietz Lisiciansk Voroshilavorad Cernioov Kramatorsk Garlovka Krasnii Luci Stalino Dneprodzerdzinsk Dnepropetrovsk Dnepropetrovsk Sverdlovsk
ll:2iwhole numberlS)

Present-dnv name

TaDoriiiia
Lvsveans k

luhans'k
Cernihivka Kramalors'k

Kt Lui
Donec'k DniDrodzeivns'k Dn propetrovs'k Dn propeirovs'k Sverdiovs'k

Romanjan Posral 1lisioryBulletinz002:

43

471

472 473 471

Makeevka Garlavka
StaLino

Makiivka Hotlivka Donec'k

Vorashilavqrad

luhans'k

Iablc-Z: work camps for German deportees 1945-1949lirst column _- the camp's nun-rber (l'ith location $hen knou'n): second iti-"olu-n h"odlug, "re: column Lhe reporting Camp Complexcs u'ith its 7000 series number, third coLrrmn thc Romanian
dcfortees counlv oforigin (abbreviations: AR: Arad, CS the last column: dates on calnp mail found.

Caral, SB=SibiLL TT=Tirni$ Torontal);

Work Camp
1002
101 3

Subordinated to

County
SB SB

Date 8.1949 (late) 12.1947

11.1947 3.1948

cc:
Gotlouka 7242 Makeevka 7471

1022 [,4ishino
1A2A

1050 1054 1056 Kaoitalnaia 1205 1214 PeNoma)sk I Kadiewka 1217 Lysycans'kMelnikova 1220

Aotbvka7472
Makeevka
7

TT AR. TT AR
1,

7j949

47

SB, TT

Voroshilovgrad 7144

31948 - 7.1949 12.1947- 6.1948 5 - 6.1946

SB
CS SB AR. TT AR. SB SB SB SB

Krasnii Luci 7256

1444
1411 1413

6 - 7.1949

Dneprodzerzlnsk

1415 1416 1435 1 541 Zaaotoielz

1651
180'1

ZaoarcleIz 71AA (?
2

TT
SB CS

12 1946-5i948 3 1946 31947 10 1946 12. 1945 (earlv) 1.1948 4 1944

Apart iom these work camps (specially established in 1945 lbr the depoftees), sonle ofthe depofiees were also hosted in regular POW camps. As an example, in the summer ol 1947. more German groups anived at camp 29 ofthe Karagzulda Camp Complex 7099 (in other I'ords, the POW camp 7099/29 was the mamer in which this \\as usually noted in the mailing addresses).

The deportees' returning home. Individual cases ofdeportees returning home (fron various rcasons, medical or others) are kno$n liom thc autumn / winter of 1945, l\'ith n]any more returning in 1946- 1947. For an example, a Police compilation of6.10.1947, regarding the German depodees from Hunedoara county, sbol&s as lollows:

Romanian Postal Hisiorf Bulletir 2002;

l:

i2 (whole number 38)

11 Gen der

lDeported
16.'t.1945

Returned
6.10_1947

Female

T;tal
through
1()

1488

So, a percenr of 21..19lo (12,19lo ol thc men and 209'o

thc autunlD ol 19,17.

olthe \tomen) olthe delorlees returned home Possibl! thjs situation can bc extrapolatcd to the enl rc cotrr trl

'lherc $crc tuo !va\ s lbr lhe returing llome: - , rr!' r'..''i Jo' LI rl\' ' f ),ni. u - ro rhc So\ici zone ofC;enrar) en.L l'roln there (al'rer fi1ling morc buleaucratjc lomls) to Ro a ia lsojllelilnes b!-passing tLrc so-cirlied lransit camps'. like that ()1'lassall ofthe .\nglo-Ancrican z()lle). I hc lacI of iclenlil] paDcrs lor man] ollhe e\-deporlees lead to a parn(loticel sltLlalion whcn \\ishing 10 reluln fiom (icrnlan) lo Romania the Soliets rclused Lo pa()\'idc papers lunhcr. \,\ hen plpers \lcra rcqucstcd oi'Romorian local authorilies, thcl \\'olrki aLso not to provjdc thc paper:r 11hLI apfrovals liom dre Romlnia governmenL $erc not lbrlhconling This all making one belie\c that neifier the So\ iets. Dor the Romanians. hacl e strolg \'vish to see a]l dlesc L'olJ:sLleuts.he rcpaltietcd to Romania, prclelTing to lct them stay in Germany! The same lack of inlcrest lor repatriating dle e\-deponees \t.ls also noted a1 the r\nglo-Ajnerlcan transit camp ol Pessau (l read in tbe arcLiles a rcport of a ) oung e\-dcporlee nlorhcr \nllo sla\ed in Germany liom .Tul\ l!)rl7 t-or more than a l.ear' * idr her bollr in cxile' babl u,ithout being repatriated. She llna1l! h.Ld lo cscape and return bacL( lo Rotnada illcgall-\, \ia Flungary).

to | 9.+S I 949 sorne ,10.000 Cetnan depofice s retLrrned to Romania liolr ll)e 're can.^n'uclion \ or k' fiomtheUsSR,irliguregivcnblthcl9l8censusandb,lanlnlernalNliujstqrepofiofl9)l.lhc dillcrence l,crslls thc flgure ofthose deported in 1945 can be erplaincd bt- the tecl fiat nlall) Cicrnrans leli direcll] fbI GcrmanY and renrained thete. sonc cstablished thenscl!es in the IJSSR. and some died.hrring thc dcponation and su) iappro\. 1.1001. Ihcdisban.l crrtofrll \1ort can4ls fbr'
Up

Ronunian l'.r1lr\rLrllclre occuned in I949.

1b143:nss!!
ihe nlaiLofthe deportces has. with orlv onc two e\ceptiors. alllhe l'eallres ofthe usuallO\V mail of tiSSR: rritlcn on sfccial llussien Rcd Cross postcarcls (issued lbr dle PO\V). \ilh a mailing address sinilar rviLh that ofthe POWs (see bekx.v). censored lvith the same rhonboid marlcings usecl lor thc PO\\'mail. ctc (see, iir-some oflhese $peols. lhe aulhor's etlicle ?oslcatds fot lltt: CorresVtndence ol PtJlt'\ in thc 1..15?. The Post-Rider no.38 / 1996, reprinted in RPLII] No.2 (20) / August 1996. pp.3542). Therelore the only clue to idenLify a depoftee's mail is the canp number (betuJcen 1001-1999), which can be conelated rvitb the Cerman nalne ofthe sender and u'ith the 1'acr thai. oticn. the sender is a womdn.
The plesenl level ofknowledge doesn't allor'r, us lo differcntiate. ftom a postal point o1 r'ie,,'"'. each indiriduai canp G.rking jnto account thc numbeN ofdeportees in each camp, the conditions olu'ork living. the period ofcamp's existence. etc, all lhese lcading io an estimate ofthe ra.rit) of items lrom each carrp).
Instcacl. ue can make sone assumptions based upoo the clillirenl cbronoLogicalI'ealures florn the \.vork camps in general, iurd eslablishjog thc foLlo\\ing categories:
Romaninn l'ostal

&

ofthe nrail

Hj!to[

Bu]lelLn 1001:

l: I

{whole .urnber l8)

45

1.

The llrst categor\. \\'ith the earliest iten ol'mail kio\\'n to Lhe author comes l'rom Deccnlber 1945 (fig. 2). k is ;R;d Cross postcard for PO\\rs and bcars a'fie1d post' address (*here thc fieldpost's mrinber' is the oamps nltmbet. I eppreciate that this is thc raresl ofall categorirs

2.

lhe scond category. aLuals rare. comes liom 19:16 lt is the only limc the dcponees uscd an open address'. \tith aLl Lhe idcntilicalion lcatures ofrhe camp (or lvork batallion') given (see bclou) :l)Another point o1'intcrcst is the scarcc use of liankcd covers, solne ofihem registeled (figs 3 &
'lhes-- ilems arc not censored. Exanples of addresscs: USSII- Dombas. Voroshilo\gr.rdskaia Obl., Lisici:rnskaia rai ' g. Proletarsli. s-ta Mclniko\a' Ilabotnii Batalion nr'. l1l7 (possib11 ttlso ln (jerntan: USSR, \Voroschilotgradska obl ' i-ischischiurski r-u. gorod Prolelarsl(. Schechta \'lelniko\ra. Balalio|r no t217) (lv1a1 - June l9'+6). - I-SSR. DonlbiLs. Voroshilovgraclskaia Oblasti, LugansL<ii Raion' Kadie\ k'1, Kriroi-r'ojc' Rabotn i uatalion No. 12I .l (trunsLiLled ir German: U S SR- Lcraina - Donlbas. Woroschilorvgraclsliaj a Oblas.. Lrrgitrisk Raion- Kadicrvka. l(rir'voi-roje' 1-agel No. 1 21'l)' - USSII. Donbas. VLrrosilor graclskaia l)bLasti. l.uganskii Raion. Pervonraiskii' Rabotni llatalionNo. 121,1 (transLaled also in Gernrrrrr: USSR. Ukraina - Dombas. \foroschilorvlraclsliaia oblas PcrvomaisLj Rudnili Rallotni Lager No 121'1)'

Localion: Oblasti (obl.) Region- Raion (rai., r.) = Ila] on or l)epa Dlent- Golod (g.) Lagcr.l tsattulioD ' \\ro.k (lamp / Batulon.

Torvn, Rnbotni

Fronr rhc period 19.16-19.17, onc can find a cominon calegol-'\'$ilh many itcms \\'i1h Nloscou"s Recl Cross P.O.Rox' acldrcssi:s (the P.O.Bor itddrcss being ibrmed b1 a fr-action rlith the CC DrLmber upon lhe w.r.k camp number. see the examples be],lr.;. Alu'a}s I'ritten on POW Red Cross poslcards. ccnsored \\ith Lhe rlionboid lnalliings (fi9.5).

E\arnples of addresscsl SSSR. iia 115 i 1.+15. l\loskalr, Rote Kreuz (Mar'. 19'16). SSSR. Pocito\aia iazik no. 315 , l41l 1 I, gor. \'foskva (Dec 1946). SSSR. iia i15 - 1-115. g. lvoskla (Dec. 1c)'16). - SSSR. \{osL!t! Krasnaia Krcsii. pocil.L \:/ia 3I5 / 1416 (\'lu 19'17). Location: Pocilovaic iazik (i/a) = P.O.Box. Krusnaia Kresla'" Rcd Cross.

:1. Frorn 19,17 one can fincL occasionally deportees fiail written lrom 'civilian' addresscs, \\'ithoul:ull. nention of a !vo1k c&mp. uithout censorship (fig. 6) ln this case it could be a depoLtee *ho gained conliclence and tr,as assigned lo \.vork in a torl't ancl lo be accommodated in that to\\'n. or. lnail from a liber-atcd depoftee belbre retulniog hone ?.

5.

Betvveen 1948-19,19 one can frrd the commonest categor! l the camp's numbcr is sritten rs it is (possibly also iLr an ear'1,v phase together u'ith the CC s number) Always uscd nre the Red Cross postcaids. censored \.vith the rhomboidal marhings (tigs.7 & 8)-

E\amplcs ofaddresses: - SSSR. J.ager\r. 71,+41 1214 (Dcc. 19'17). Nr. 714'1/ 1205 (Nfar. 1948) - SSSR, I-ager 7-,172 i 1050 (Mar. 19,18). SSSR, Lager no. 1028 (or 1205, 1,10'1, 14li, 1651, 1801. etc ) fN-ov. 19'17 - Jul. 1949)
Rornanian Posral Histol) Bulletif

l00l: l:l::

(Whole number

j8)

46

Illustrations:

"1 i!

Fig. 1:13.1.1945:postcardsenlbyaGermandepo
(see thc address

eefromthelraiurvhichcanicclhimtoUSSRI!

Wehr, in the train) and the text ou the backside: l)ear (lo j'ighlen your\e|t l'm on lhe v:at lo 1,1'otk, vith an unkn(^Nn destinatian' matbe ll/i|e I Pled\e nol e\)en on the other side [so. in the USSR]. fhe treLtlmenl so.fLr is gootl.ro we ate noL ve")) va/]ie.[ Don't send ctnl, parcel ot lellet until),oLt receiw lhe lddress.fram mc And lbel \urc thut Ishallreturn lo tou no muller rllete t,e v,ill he. Ll/itlt ct thottsancl kisses. lndrei. The stan'tps uere stmped in 18. L l94i (a u,eek afler the arresls began) witl] a 'nelllral' adapted marking (\ith the place name removed, onl] thc date remaining), a m]'sLetious unique and unexplained use of such a marking in Romania (probabl,v located in one oflhe laih.rays in Vaslui counl). it was used to ensure the sccrecy of the mailing placc !?). Censored in Vaslui, arrived in OR$OVA on 27 1. 1 945 ,{ unique itcn] \\'ith a huge documcntaty and hunan value.

lzdrei

Wehr, in h en

(:Ardrci

Ronanian Postal Hj!1ory Bulletin 2002: l i:2 (Whole rumber:8)

1'7

I'r
Kory

m3 06l.qEcTB XPAC$oIo HPECTA

cccP

I trlA

orrprlr res b lrlteadt ltri' ?LL/fl i- (1.1. Oull,lr r trr EE ollresaoro Not! du pdioffler d Sretr 'r
.npec Boclrotre@oro pr&olltor de su.rreTt

gjaar-!r

f.aB

$is
*@. fi@

'"tz+\x<.
CtE.}d

'7
_ ,. )

Ild, rl(trdc

Fig.2: Dec.1945r Rcd Cross postcitd issued for POWs of t,rSSR, senl to Timi5oara by a German deponee lrom rvork camp no. 150i (see addrcss: USSR, Gorod Zaporozije, Potevaia Pocita 1501 'I own ol Za r:rozie, Fielttpost I50I).

[L*v'-l
/a'"t A",f"p B t.",

tr';;,71'n

m.uituta, /" i-(rt ^

,{f*,,

l,l't laua,at"frj-L

hld'u

ffi
Fig. 3: 1 1.5.1946: a simple (not-regislered) cover. lranted 4x30 kop , sent by a toman deportee of $ork canp 1217 to Sibiu (sce translated address: voroshilovgrad Region, Lis iciansk Rayon,

Proleta.sh torvn, Melnikova shachta, work battalion r'o. 1217)

Romaniar Postal llistory Bullerinz002:

li:2 (wholenumberi3)

:t8

()1,(

r v e.teE ,L UL EtOL

>c ba u; {&,oao ?iii,ir*

Y4Kqn

bt(kra

.t+p

c..4.(ez4ct

latpi,
PAEoA
e-4

gar,6Ac
ftcKq+Hek
.

(2xE ezA c t b az a r c o,,t.'7c X

RarL' - / " rrlpl

^,o^r*

PoBoGxrck

6oiaanoz

Hg

AEraxne -llornba./. -=-...----_--

't'f X n|

C lJ

XHJLAE

Fig. {: 4.6.1946: registered cover sent lrom LISICIANSK (markings Jil,lClltlAHCbK) lo Sibio, by anothcr Gcrman depoftee \\onlan llom lhe sane u,ork battalion. probably located in a llurrr, outside the camp iLsell'. The addr..ss is again an open. utcodcd one. as lbllo\\,s (transLated); Lisiciansk RavonJ

rvorf( batelion no.

12.1"712.

flcrlline - Donbsss.

(Destfhattj xvra

dpyr,5liFt4ffi

O?r'paE n'e,b (Expfflteur) (Dalrsnrr H rut Nom du prlsennier dr guerre

nolr;Blin aapec Adre.se du..l..nnrer

U\-L
de puerre

P'

'rqra"F

'

-: "-.,.' ,". i'-l".,'l r.i itt{Jt

Fig. 5: Red Cross postcard scnt by a depoftee from the work camp 1,116 (assigned to the CC 3 15 Dneprodzerjinsk), using the addressr USSR, Red Cross, P.O.Box 315 / 1416. An.ived in Cisnidie on
15.5.19:17.
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Fig. 7: 29.3.1948: Red Cross postcard r,r'ritten by a woman depodee from camp 1050 (assigned to the CC 472 Gorlovka, or 7472 according to the new numeration), using the address Camp 1-172 / 1050. Censored with the nrarking no. 752. Romanian Poslal llisrory Bulletin 2002: ll:2 (Whole nunrber:8)

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Fig.9: Non-posial document: a 14J.1 licler'(fiee circulatio|r licket), issued on 21 4.1948tothe German deponce Renz Franz, uorking as bLaclismithlocksmith to lhe (exlernal) l\orking poim no.20 of an unidcntified l-"-ork camp. l'he pemit vlas lalid belu'ccn 7 and 1 8 houl each day. rLntil 31 12.I 9zl8 Rornanian l'odal llisroq, Bullelin 100:; l-r:2 ($,ihole nurnber l3)

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ll: Noi postal documert: a ?edth certi/icote' ol Cerfiian deporiee frcm SibiLr lssued some time later in ^ occu edon7.I0.194Eina$orkcampofthe Moscow on 1.8.1960 on reqLrest ofrhe lelnil] (1he death
Dnepropetfo\skRegiof).Also. otearepl]senlontl.ll.l96ltohist'arnily(\rhichhadprobablyaskcdtor 1tr obtain some finarcial suppo() by rhe Romenian Intemal Nlinis|t-\: '| olkNing yu reqlksl senl .lirectb' t.' the Soriet adt inish utiM acknowleLlge ta ),ou thLn-lron theb d .\\,rer jl appeas '|e thctt, y r hL6 bdnd, Zludet Gu\tdr. ttd, in the t;:SR. dai g rexanthLtctia ot k, fant ) /.L l t15 unt il 6.X.I913'.
dcrails about his dearh. in order
Ronranian Postal Histor,,- Bulletin 2002:

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(\Vholc nu.rber l8)