16 July English Improvement

ENGLISH
AFTERSCHOOOL – DEVELOPING CHANGE

MAKERS
CENTRE FOR SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP
PGPSE PROGRAMME –
World’ Most Comprehensive programme in social
entrepreneurship & spiritual entrepreneurship
OPEN FOR ALL FREE FOR ALL
www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

ENGLISH
Dr. T.K. Jain.
AFTERSCHOOOL
Centre for social entrepreneurship
Bikaner
M: 9414430763
tkjainbkn@yahoo.co.in
www.afterschool.tk
www.afterschoool.tk

CORRECT IT : Shyam invited Raju
and me to spent the weekend with
he and his family.
 Shyam invited Raju and me to spend the

weekend with him and his family.

CORRECT IT: if a sentence is
excessive long, they may be
difficultly to comprehend.
 if
a sentence is excessively long, it may
be difficult to comprehend.

CORRECT IT : when Rita broked
Sharma’s dishes, she felt badly.
 when Rita broke Sharma’s dishes, she

felt bad.

CORRECT IT : I have been sit here
for hours, think about me problem.
I have been sitting here for hours,
thinking about my problem.

CORRECT IT: Neetu was the prettier
of the three actresses trying out for
the part in play.
 Because comparison is among 3
persons, we should use superlative and
the candidate is the best (Neetu).
 Neetu was the prettiest of the three
actresses trying out for the part in the
play.

Find the option, which can take
maximum options for filling up
blanks.
1. Anna is __ about the problems, she is

facing with Tom
2. They had a/an___ discussion.
3. She has a /an ___ trusting nature.
4. I cannot understand __ language of the

inspector’s report
Options: a. candid b. opaque c. open

Answer:
 OPEN
It can be used in the first 3 cases, thus this

is the answer, others can be used only in
one case each.

Find the option, which can take
maximum options for filling up
blanks.
1. Poverty and unemployment are __ hard to

tackle
2. The govt. has deliberately ___ his efforts.
3. She felt __ and angry
4. The results show the level of ___ among
the hospital doctors.
Options: A. Frustration B. Frustrate C.
Frustrated D. Frustratingly.

Answer: C
 In first case, choice is D, in 2nd and 3rd
case, answer is C and in 4th case answer
is A. thus Answer is C (used twice).

Education is _____ jewel of
person’s being.
1. Crowning
2. Finishing
3. Diamond
4. Sapphire
Answer: 1. crowning.

Discipline is ___ of achievement
1. Basic
2. Bedrock
3. Predecessor
4. Fundamentally
Answer: 2.

wanton
 undisciplined

Conflagration
 Great fire

Arrogate
 To take without justification

Abashed
 Embarassed

Antipathy
 Strong dislike

gizzard
A part of bird, where it stores food

Inscrutable
 Which cannot be scrutinised

Acerbity / acerbic
 bitter

Timid
 Coward

Adumberate
 To prepare a plan

Abjure
 To reject

Viscum
 Not free flowing

Pesticide
 Something which kills pests

Peccadilo
 Small mistake

Acumen
 Brilliance

Winsome
 Charming

Upbraid
 To criticise

What is budgetary control?
 Establishment of budgets relating to the
responsibilities of executives to the
reuqirements fo a policy and the
continuous comparison of actual with
budgeted results either to secure by
individual action or to ensure consistency
with policy.

Opening stock is 800 units. We want
closing stock to be higher by 20%.
We want to produce 5000 units of
finished goods. Each unit requires 2
units of raw material. What is our
material usage budget?
 5000*2 = 10000 units.
 Material usage stock will not require any
adjustment for closing stock.

Maximum level of inventory?
 Reorder level + reorder quantity -
(minimum consumption* minimum
reorder period)

Our reorder level is 10000. Reorder
quantity is 4000 units. Minimum
period of reorder is 2 months &
minimum consumption during this
period is 500 units per month. What
is my maximum quantity of inventory
?
 Reorder level + reorder quantity -
(minimum consumption* minimum
reorder period)
 (10000+4000)-(500*2)=14000-
1000=13000 answer.

What is my danger level of stock, if
my avg. consumption is 600 units per
month and during emergency, it will
take 4 days to get the goods.
 Danger level = Avg. consumption* lead
time for emergency purchase
 Daily consumption is 20 units.
 20*4 = 80 units are my danger level

My maximum consumtpion per
month is 400 units and maximum
period of delivery is 5 months. What
should be reorder leve?
 Reorder level = maximum usage *
maximum delivery period
 =400 * 5
 =2000 units.

I charge 25% margin and give 10%
discount, what is my profit in %?
 Isit 15% = wrong answer
 Let us assume our cost 100. SP = 125.
10% discount = 125-12.5 = 112.5.
 Thus profit in % is 12.5 answer.

I bought balls @ 2 for a rupee and
sold them @ 5 for Rs. 3. what is my
profit / loss in %?
 Let us take LCM of 2 & 5 = 10. I
purchase 10 balls for Rs. 5. Now I sell
these for Rs. 6. My profit is re. 1.
 Profit in % is 1/5*100 = 20% answer.
 Alternatively : cost of one ball .5 selling

price of one ball is .6 thus profit is .1
profit is % is .1/.5 *100 = 20%

I sold my old car for Rs. 10 Lakh, in
the process I lost 1/11 of my cost.
What was my cost?
I lost 1/11 that means I sold at 10/11. I
know the selling price. Let me calculate
cost = 10lakh *11/10 =11Lakhs answer.

A dishonest trader uses 960 grams
for 1Kg and sells at cost price. What
is his gain in %?
 When he is selling 960 grams, he is
gaining profit of 40. Thus his profit in %
is 40/960 *100
 =4.1666% answer.

X,Y,Z share profit equally. If X keeps
capital of Rs. 12000 for 12 months, Y
keeps 18000 for W months and Z
keeps 24000 for M months, what is
W and M?
 Theirprofit sharing ratio is equal.

 X = 12*12 = 144.
 18W = 144 or W = 144/18 =8
 24M = 144 or M = 144/24 = 6
 Thus W is 8 months and M is 6 months

answer.
Ram and shyam started business
With Rs. 40 Lakh and 50 Lakh. After
4 month Shyam left and Pradeep
Joined them with capital of 30 Lakh.
They earned profit of Rs. 120 lakh in
one year. How should they share?
 Profitsharing ratio: Ram=4*12, Shyam

5*4, Pradeep=3*8 ratio = 12:5:6 =23.
 Thus Ram will get 12/23*120 = 62.6 lakh
 Shyam will get 5/23*120 =26 lakh and

Pradeep will get 31.4 lakhs answer.
Tarachand rows 2 KM down the
stream in 12 minutes and upstream
in 20 minutes. What is the speed of
stream?
 He travels 2 Km in 12 minutes, thus in 60
minutes he will travel 10 KM. similarly in 20
minutes he travels 2 km, so he will travel 6
km in 60 minutes.
 Speed of Tarachand is 10 KM per hour
while going and 6 KM per hour upstream.
 Formulae is (X-Y) / 2 here X = speed
downstream, Y = speed upstream
 =(10-6)/2 = 2 Km per hour.
There are 2 trains of length 121
meters and 99 meters running at the
speed of 80 and 64 KM per hour
respectively. They are crossing each
other. How long will it take to cross?
 When they cross = add their speed; and when

they move in same direction = find the difference
of their speed.
 Add their length = 121+99 = 220 meters.
 Convert speed into meter/s = 144*5/18=40 meters
/s
 Time =220/40 = 5.5 seconds answer.

In 1 KM race, A beats B by 40 meters
or 7 seconds. Find their speed &
timings in the race?
 B’s speed is 40 metes in 7 seconds.
Thus his speed is (40/7) *(18/5) =
20.57km per hour.
 B’s time: 1000*7/40=175 seconds or 2
minutes and 55 seconds.
 A’s time = 2 minutes and 48 seconds.
 Always start with looser.

Bitthal comes to afterschoool @ 40
KM per hour, but goes from
Afterschoool @ 70 KM per hour. What
is his average speed?
 Find harmonic mean of 40 and 70.

 ½(1/40+1/70)
 =1/2(110/2800) = 110/5600
 Reverse it : 5600/110 = 50.9
 Or 51 KM per hour approx.
 In all such questions, use harmonic mean

to find answer.
ABO UT A FTERSCH OOO L
Afterschoool conducts three year integrated PGPSE (after
class 12th along with IAS / CA / CS) and 18 month PGPSE
(Post Graduate Programme in Social Entrepreneurship)
along with preparation for CS / CFP / CFA /CMA / FRM. This
course is also available online also. It also conducts
workshops on social entrepreneurship in schools and
colleges all over India – start social entrepreneurship club in
your institution today with the help from afterschoool and help
us in developing society.

Why such a programme?
 To promote people to take up entrepreneurship
and help develop the society
 To enable people to take up franchising and
other such options to start a business / social
development project
 To enable people to take up social
development as their mission
 To enable people to promote spirituality and
positive thinking in the world

Who are our supporters?
 Afterschoolians, our past beneficiaries,
entrepreneurs and social entrepreneurs
are supporting us.
 You can also support us – not
necessarily by money – but by being
promotor of our concept and our ideas.

About AFTERSCHOOOL PGPSE – the best
programme for developing great entrepreneurs
 Most flexible, adaptive but rigorous programme

 Available in distance learning mode
 Case study focused- latest cases
 Industry oriented practical curriculum
 Designed to make you entrepreneurs – not just
an employee
 Option to take up part time job – so earn while
you learn
 The only absolutely free course on internet
Workshops from
AFTERSCHOOOL
 IIF, Delhi
 CIPS, Jaipur
 ICSI Hyderabad Branch
 Gyan Vihar, Jaipur
 Apex Institute of Management, Jaipur
 Aravali Institute of Management, Jodhpur
 Xavier Institute of Management,
Bhubaneshwar
 Pacific Institute, Udaipur
 Engineering College, Hyderabad

Flexible Specialisations:
 Spiritualising business and society
 Rural development and transformation
 HRD and Education, Social Development
 NGO and voluntary work
 Investment analysis,microfinance and inclusion
 Retail sector, BPO, KPO
 Accounting & Information system (with CA / CS /CMA)
 Hospital management and Health care
 Hospitality sector and culture and heritage
 Other sectors of high growth, high technology and social
relevance

Salient features:
 The only programme of its kind (in the whole world)
 No publicity and low profile course
 For those who want to achieve success in life – not just a
degree
 Indepth knowledge and expertise
 Professional approac: World class approach
 Strong intellectual and business capabilities
 Flexible – you may stay for a month and continue the rest of
the education by distance mode. / you may attend weekend
classes
 Scholarships for those from poor economic background
 Latest and constantly changing curriculum – keeping pace
with the time
 Placement for those who are interested
 Admissions open throughout the year
 Latest and most advanced technologies, books and study
material
Components
 Pedagogy curriculum and approach based on IIM Ahmedabad and ISB
Hyderabad (the founder is alumnus from IIMA & ISB Hyderabad)
 Meditation, spiritualisation, and self development
 Essential softwares for business
 Business plan, Research projects
 Participation in conferences / seminars
 Workshops on leadership, team building etc.
 Written submissions of research projects/articles / papers
 Interview of entrepreneurs, writing biographies of entrepreneurs
 Editing of journals / newsletters
 Consultancy / research projects
 Assignments, communication skill workshops
 Participation in conferences and seminars
 Group discussions, mock interviews, self development diaryng
 Mind Power Training & writing workshop (by Dr. T.K.Jain)

Pedagogy
 Case analysis,
 Articles from Harvard Business Review
 Quiz, seminars, workshops, games,
 Visits to entrepreneurs and industrial visits
 Presentations, Latest audio-visuals
 Group discussions and group projects
 Periodic self assessment
 Mentoring and counselling
 Study exchange programme (with institutions out of India)
 Rural development / Social welfare projects

Branches
 AFTERSCHOOOL will shortly open its
branches in important cities in India
including Delhi, Kota, Mumbai, Gurgaon
and other important cities.
Afterschooolians will be responsible for
managing and developing these
branches – and for promoting social
entrepreneurs.

Case Studies
 We want to write case studies on social
entrepreneurs, first generation
entrepreneurs, ethical entrepreneurs.
Please help us in this process. Help us
to be in touch with entrepreneurs, so that
we may develop entrepreneurs.

Basic values at afterschoool
 Share to learn more
 Interact to develop yourself
 Fear is your worst enemy
 Make mistakes to learn
 Study & discuss in a group
 Criticism is the healthy route to mutual support
and help
 Ask fundamental questions : why, when, how
& where?
 Embrace change – and compete with yourself
only
www.afterschoool.tk
social entrepreneurship for better
society

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ENGLISH

AFTERSCHOOOL – DEVELOPING CHANGE

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

 Shyam invited Raju and me to spend the

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

 when Rita broke Sharma’s dishes, she

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

1. Anna is __ about the problems, she is

3. She has a /an ___ trusting nature.

4. I cannot understand __ language of the

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

It can be used in the first 3 cases, thus this

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

1. Poverty and unemployment are __ hard to

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

 20*4 = 80 units are my danger level

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

 Alternatively : cost of one ball .5 selling

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

 Theirprofit sharing ratio is equal.

 18W = 144 or W = 144/18 =8

 24M = 144 or M = 144/24 = 6

 Thus W is 8 months and M is 6 months

 Profitsharing ratio: Ram=4*12, Shyam

 Shyam will get 5/23*120 =26 lakh and

 When they cross = add their speed; and when

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

 Always start with looser.

www.afterschoool.tk AFTERSCHOOOL MATERIAL FOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS

 Find harmonic mean of 40 and 70.

 Reverse it : 5600/110 = 50.9

 Or 51 KM per hour approx.