MB430/530 Practice Questions Final Exam 2013 Vibrio cholerae 1. The two key virulence factors of V.

cholerae are _____________ and ____________. 2. How does an individual commonly become infected with V. cholerae? a. Contaminated water b. Undercooked meat c. Sexual contact d. Aerosols from coughing or sneezing e. All of the above f. None of the above 3. Cholera toxin: a. Activates a monomeric G-protein, which causes actin rearrangements in the host cell b. Directly activates host adenylate cyclase without modifying G-proteins c. ADP-ribosylates a heterotrimeric G-protein, which increases host cell adenylate cyclase activity d. ADP-ribosylates elongation factor 2, which inhibits host protein synthesis e. Binds neurons, is internalized, and subsequently prevents release of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine f. None of the above Neisseria 4. What bacterial structure mediates initial attachment of Neisseria to host epithelial cells? a. Por proteins b. Flagella c. Type IV pili d. LOS e. All of the above f. None of the above 5. Gonorrhea continues to be a health problem because of: a. Asymptomatic carriers b. Perceived notion of non-importance of disease c. Emerging antibiotic resistance d. No effective vaccine e. All of the above f. None of the above 6. What is the genetic mechanism that allows for the generation of one million pilin (PilE) variants? a. Recombination

b. c. d. e. f. Salmonella

Conjugation Phage transduction Slipped strand mispairing All of the above None of the above

7. Name the two Salmonella species (serovars) discussed in class and the diseases they cause. 8. Salmonella survives passage through the stomach because of: a. Type III secretion b. ADP-ribosylating toxins c. Survival in macrophages d. The acid tolerance response e. All of the above f. None of the above 9. An important feature of the Trigger mechanism of bacterial entry is: a. Fimbrial attachment to host cells b. Type III secretion of effector proteins c. Modulation of host G-protein activity d. Cytoskeletal rearrangements in the host cell e. All of the above f. None of the above Escherichia coli 10. Why can E. coli strains cause such a variety of different diseases? 11. What are common sites of UPEC infections? a. Mouth and throat b. Nasopharynx c. Gastrointestinal tract d. Bladder and kidney e. All of the above f. None of the above 12. Choose the correct order of events during EPEC pedestal formation: 1. Actin polymerization (through Nck, N-WASP and Arp2/3) 2. Loose association of EPEC with host cell by pili 3. Type III secretion of Tir and other effectors; Tir phosphorylation 4. Tight association of EPEC with host cell through intimin-Tir binding a. 1-2-3-4

b. c. d. e.

2-3-4-1 2-4-1-3 4-3-2-1 2-1-3-4

Chlamydia and Mycoplasma 13. Discuss the problems that the intracellular lifestyle of Chlamydia poses for prevention (vaccination) and treatment (with antibiotics). 14. Mycoplasma and Chlamydia a Can both grow on minimal media b. Have large genomes c. Have no peptidoglycan d. Are proteobacteria e. All of the above 15. The Mycoplasma cytadherence organelle a. Is located at both ends of the cell b. Is used for gliding motility c. Is a Type IV pilus d. Is used for attachment to ciliated respiratory epithelial cells e. All of the above Helicobacter pylori 16. H. pylori diversifies during an infection by ___________________ and __________________. 17. H. pylori CagA: a. Is a Type IV secretion effector b. Is phosphorylated in the host cell c. is a bacterial carcinogen d. induces cytoskeletal rearrangements e. All of the above 18. Helicobacter pylori a. colonizes less than 10% of the population b. causes ulcers in most of the people that it colonizes c. prefers growth at pH 2.0 d. is a bacterium normally found in the environment e. none of the above Bacillus anthracis/bioterrorism 19. Name the three different forms of anthrax; which one is the most fatal?

20. What makes the capsule of B. anthracis so unique? a. It does not protect against phagocytosis b. It is composed of a polysaccharide c. It does not bind antibody d. It is composed of a polypeptide e. All of the above 21. Bacillus anthracis: a. Forms spores b. Is a naturally occurring soil bacterium c. Is a Gram positive rod d. Can survive in host macrophages e. All of the above Paper presentations 22. Kohanski et al., Cell 2007: Iron chelation and hydroxyl radical quenching affect the killing efficiency of bactericidal antibiotics as follows: a. increase bacterial survival, correlating with a decrease in HPF fluorescence b. decrease bacterial survival, correlating with a decrease in HPF fluorescence c. increase bacterial survival, correlating with an increase in HPF fluorescence d. decrease bacterial survival, correlating with an increase in HPF fluorescence e. have no effect on bacterial survival or HPF fluorescence