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of Penstock Pipe = Outside dia of penstock pipe = Thickness of the pipe = Design Head at the centre of the Anchor Block = Design Discharge for power Generation = Distance between two anchor Blocks = Pipe length between centre of block to upper exp. joint = Pipe length between centre of block to Lower exp. joint = Pipe length between centre of AB to upper saddle support = Pipe length between centre of AB to lower saddle support = Vertical angle of upper pipe with horizontal = Vertical angle of lower pipe with horizontal = Deflection angle between upper and lower pipes = Density of steel = Density of water = Density of concrete = Friction coefficient = Friction coefficient between saddle support and pipe = Friction coefficient between concrete and foundation = Weight of Pipe per meter = weight of water contained in pipe per meter = Velocity of water in the pipe = coefficient of horizontal earthquake = Sectional internal area of pipe = Bearing Capacity of Soil = Design Head at the axis of the Reducer = Difference in x-area of the pipes at reducer = Volume of the anchor Block = Combined angle of horizontal and vertical angle =
Acting Forces on the Block 1) Weight of Pipe shell per meter S1 = S2 = *D*t*s = 2) Weight of water in pipe per meter 2 w1 = w2 = (*D /4)*s = 3) Thrust due to inclination of pipe a) for Upper pipe W1 = 0.5*(w1+S1)*l1*cos1 b) for lower pipe W2 = 0.5*(w2+S2)*l2*cos2
D1 = D2 = t= H= Q= d1 = L1 = L2 = l1 = l2 = 1 = 2 = = s = w = c = f= C= = S= w= v= = A= qb = Ho = a = V= =
m m mm m m3/s
5m 3.6 m 5m 5m 0 deg 19 deg 0 deg 7.85 t/m3 1 t/m3 2.4 t/m3 0.5 0.15 0.5 0.217 t/m 0.950 t/m 2.737 m/s 0.12 0.950 m2 20 t/m2 0m 0 m2 9.28 m3 19 deg -1 cos (cos1 * cos2 * cos sin1 * sin1)
4) Axial component due to dead weight of the pipe and friction force between saddle support and pipe T1 = S1*L1*sin1+C(w1+S1)*(L1-l1/2)*cos1 0.438 ton T2 = S2*L2*sin2+C(w2+S2)*(L2-l2/2)*cos2 0.436 ton 5) Thrust due to friction of water in the pipe (2*f*Q2*L1)/(g*pi()*D13) P1 =
0.825 ton
P2 =
(2*f*Q2*L2)/(g*pi()*D23)
0.569 ton
6) Centrifugal force due to horizontal and vertical Bends of the pipe P3 = (2*v2*sin(/2))/g 7) Resultant force of water pressure acting at the bending point of pipe P4 = 2*H*A*sin(/2) 8) Thrust due to axial internal pressure acting to reducer P5 = a * Ho 9) Dead weight of the Anchor Block = Wb = c * V 10) Seismic Force F= * Wb
0.252 ton
0.689 ton
22.27173 ton
2.672608 ton
Adopt the size as below Width of the block = Total Length = Height of the block = Total volume = Deduct pipe pipe length in the block = Pipe dia external = pipe vol Total Anchor Block Volume =
m m m m3 m m2 m3 m3
A= centroid=
5.5071 1.2707
Qd = 2.6015 m3/s P Dia. =1.1 m Ref Fig. CAD DRG. block shape
segment 1 2 3 4 Total
wt, ton arm abt TOE Moment, tm 22.27 1.27 28.30 0.00 4.75 0.00 0.00 2.33 0.00 0.00 1.75 0.00 22.27 28.30 Mx -2.67 -0.21 -0.20 -3.08 1.71 0.00 0.17 -4.56 0.00 -0.03 -4.60 My
32.89731
Stability Calculation of Anchor Block Forces Horizontal Vertical p(x) p(y) W1 2.918 0.00 2.92 W2 2.759 0.90 2.61 T1 0.438 -0.44 0.00 T2 0.436 -0.14 0.41 P1 0.825 0.00 0.82 P2 0.569 -0.19 0.54 P3 0.252 -0.08 -0.24 P4 0.689 -0.22 -0.65 Total -0.17 6.41 wt of block 22.27173 Total = -0.17 28.68 F(x) = p(x) -0.17 Total Horizontal Force F(y) = p(y) +Wb 28.68 Total Vertical Force X = Point of action of Horizontal Resultant force = Mx / Wb = 1.2707 Y = Point of action of Horizontal Resultant Force =My / Wb = -0.20639 Total horizontal moment due to different forces = F(x) * Y = 0.035734 Total vertical moment due to different forces = p(y) * X = 8.148726 Moment due to block itself = Mx = 28.30 Total Moment acting on the Block = M = 36.49
check for component forces and sign conventi H21 = H31 = L5 = L= Anchor Block NO.1 Overturning Check Sliding Check Bearing Capacity Vol of Concrete = Considering Earthquake Overturning Check Sliding Check Bearing Capacity
m m tm tm tm tm
m m m m
B ) Safety Against Sliding FS = 1.5 for Normal Condition FS = F(y) * / F(x) > 1.5 FS = 82.84 OK
C) Check Against Bearing Capacity max = F(y) / A*(1(+/-)6 e/B) < qa Where, max = Max. compressive Stress min = Min. compressive Stress F(y) = Total Vertical forces A = Base area e = essentricity qa = allowable bearing capacity of foundation
t/m2 t m2 m t/m2
OK
Considering Earthquake Effect Total Horizontal Force = F(x) + Fe = Total Vertical Force = F(y) = Total Moment M = A) Safety Against Overturning L= x = M/F(y) L/2 = e= L/6 = e < L/6 -3.25 t 28.68 t 31.89 tm
m m m m
B ) Safety Against Sliding FS = 1.2 for Normal Condition FS = F(y) * / F(x) > 1.2 FS = 4.41 OK
C) Check Against Bearing Capacity max = F(y) / A*(1(+/-)6 e/B) < qa Where, max = Max. compressive Stress min = Min. compressive Stress F(y) = Total Vertical forces A = Base area e = essentricity qa = allowable bearing capacity of foundation
t/m2 t m2 m t/m2
OK
1.69 m
from drg. from drg. from drg. from drg. from drg. from drg. from drg. from drg.
Horizontal deflection
Bearing Capacity For different Type of soil in t/m2 1 clay 18-22 2 Sand 20-32 3 Sand/Gravel 30-40 4 Sand/Gravel/Clay 35-65 5 Rock 60-100
Friction Coeefficient between Anchor Block and the foundatio 1 Weathered Rock 0.5 2 Firm Rock 0.6
0.945519
F1 F2
F8
Wb
component forces and sign conventions 0.2 m -0.5858 m 4.5 m 8m Anchor Block NO.1 Overturning Check -0.02 Sliding Check 82.84 Bearing Capacity 5.36 Vol of Concrete = 9.28 Considering Earthquake Overturning Check Sliding Check Bearing Capacity
1.65
0.0365
3.65
H=4.5
Design of Anchor Blocks for Q40 Block No. 2 Design Data: Inside dia. of Penstock Pipe = Outside dia of penstock pipe = Thickness of the pipe = Design Head at the centre of the Anchor Block = Design Discharge for power Generation = Distance between two anchor Blocks = Pipe length between centre of block to upper exp. joint = Pipe length between centre of block to Lower exp. joint = Pipe length between centre of AB to upper saddle support = Pipe length between centre of AB to lower saddle support = Vertical angle of upper pipe with horizontal = Vertical angle of lower pipe with horizontal = Deflection angle between upper and lower pipes = Density of steel = Density of water = Density of concrete = Friction coefficient = Friction coefficient between saddle support and pipe = Friction coefficient between concrete and foundation = Weight of Pipe per meter = weight of water contained in pipe per meter = Velocity of water in the pipe = coefficient of horizontal earthquake = Sectional internal area of pipe = Bearing Capacity of Soil = Design Head at the axis of the Reducer = Difference in x-area of the pipes at reducer = Volume of the anchor Block = Combined angle of horizontal and vertical angle =
Acting Forces on the Block 1) Weight of Pipe shell per meter S1 = S2 = *D*t*s = 2) Weight of water in pipe per meter 2 w1 = w2 = (*D /4)*s = 3) Thrust due to inclination of pipe a) for Upper pipe W1 = 0.5*(w1+S1)*l1*cos1 b) for lower pipe W2 = 0.5*(w2+S2)*l2*cos2
D1 = D2 = t= H= Q= d1 = L1 = L2 = l1 = l2 = 1 = 2 = = s = w = c = f= C= = S= w= v= = A= qb = Ho = a = V= =
m m mm m m3/s
69.78 m 3m 5m 5m 19 deg 26 deg 0 deg 7.85 t/m3 1 t/m3 2.4 t/m3 0.02 0.15 0.6 0.217 t/m 0.950 t/m 2.737 m/s 0.12 0.950 m2 35 t/m2 0m 0 m2 14.19 m3 7 deg cos-1(cos1 * cos2 * cos sin1 * sin1)
4) Axial component due to dead weight of the pipe and friction force between saddle support and pipe T1 = S1*L1*sin1+C(w1+S1)*(L1-l1/2)*cos1 16.069 ton T2 = S2*L2*sin2+C(w2+S2)*(L2-l2/2)*cos2 0.364 ton 5) Thrust due to fricyion of water in the pipe (2*f*Q2*L1)/(g*pi()*D13) P1 =
0.461 ton
P2 =
(2*f*Q2*L2)/(g*pi()*D23)
0.019 ton
6) Centrifugal force due to horizontal and vertical Bends of the pipe P3 = (2*v2*sin(/2))/g 7) Resultant force of water pressure acting at the bending point of pipe P4 = 2*H*A*sin(/2) 8) Thrust due to axial internal pressure acting to reducer P5 = a * Ho 9) Dead weight of the Anchor Block = Wb = c * V 10) Seismic Force F= * Wb
0.093 ton
4.504 ton
34.06478 ton
4.087774 ton
Adopt the size as below Width of the block = Total Length = Height of the block = Total volume = Deduct pipe pipe length in the block = Pipe dia external = pipe vol Total Anchor Block Volume =
m m m m3 m m2 m3 m3
A= centroid=
7.0104 1.2844
Qd = 2.6015 m3/s P Dia. =1.1 m Ref Fig. CAD DRG. block shape
segment 1 2 3 4 Total
wt, ton arm abt TOE Moment, tm 34.06 1.28 43.75 0.00 4.75 0.00 0.00 2.33 0.00 0.00 1.75 0.00 34.06 43.75 Mx -4.09 -0.20 -0.19 -4.48 1.52 0.26 0.24 -6.20 -0.05 -0.05 -6.29 My
50.04621
Stability Calculation of Anchor Block Forces Horizontal Vertical p(x) p(y) W1 2.759 0.90 2.61 W2 2.623 1.15 2.36 T1 16.069 -15.19 5.23 T2 0.364 -0.16 0.33 P1 0.461 -0.15 0.44 P2 0.019 -0.01 0.02 P3 0.093 -0.01 -0.09 P4 4.504 -0.55 -4.47 Total -14.02 6.41 wt of block 34.06478 Total = -14.02 40.48 F(x) = p(x) -14.02 Total Horizontal Force F(y) = p(y) +Wb 40.48 Total Vertical Force X = Point of action of Horizontal Resultant force = Mx / Wb = 1.2844 Y = Point of action of Horizontal Resultant Force =My / Wb = -0.18475 Total horizontal moment due to different forces = F(x) * Y = 2.590877 Total vertical moment due to different forces = p(y) * X = 8.239233 Moment due to block itself = Mx = 43.75 Total Moment acting on the Block = M = 54.58
check for component forces and sign conventi H21 = H31 = L5 = L= Anchor Block NO.2 Overturning Check Sliding Check Bearing Capacity Vol of Concrete = Considering Earthquake Overturning Check Sliding Check Bearing Capacity
m m tm tm tm tm
m m m m
B ) Safety Against Sliding FS = 1.5 for Normal Condition FS = F(y) * / F(x) > 1.5 FS = 1.73 OK
C) Check Against Bearing Capacity max = F(y) / A*(1(+/-)6 e/B) < qa Where, max = Max. compressive Stress min = Min. compressive Stress F(y) = Total Vertical forces A = Base area e = essentricity qa = allowable bearing capacity of foundation
t/m2 t m2 m t/m2
OK
Considering Earthquake Effect Total Horizontal Force = F(x) + Fe = Total Vertical Force = F(y) = Total Moment M = A) Safety Against Overturning L= x = M/F(y) L/2 = e= L/6 = e < L/6 -18.50 t 40.48 t 48.29 tm
m m m m
B ) Safety Against Sliding FS = 1.2 for Normal Condition FS = F(y) * / F(x) > 1.2 FS = 1.31 OK
C) Check Against Bearing Capacity max = F(y) / A*(1(+/-)6 e/B) < qa Where, max = Max. compressive Stress min = Min. compressive Stress F(y) = Total Vertical forces A = Base area e = essentricity qa = allowable bearing capacity of foundation
t/m2 t m2 m t/m2
OK
from Penstock optimization 29.86 from Penstock optimization from drg. from drg. from drg. from drg. from drg. from drg. from drg. from drg. from drg.
Horizontal deflection
1 2 3 4 5
Bearing Capacity For different Type of soil in t/m2 clay 18-22 Sand 20-32 Sand/Gravel 30-40 Sand/Gravel/Clay 35-65 Rock 60-100
0.992546
F1 F2
F8
Wb
component forces and sign conventions 0.2 m -1.737 m 4.5 m 8m Anchor Block NO.2 Overturning Check -0.10 e <L/6=0.42 OK Sliding Check 1.73 FS >1.5 OK Bearing Capacity 5.09 B <20 t/m2 OK Vol of Concrete = 14.19 m3 Considering Earthquake Overturning Check Sliding Check Bearing Capacity
H=4.5
Design of Anchor Blocks for Q40 Block No. 3 Design Data: Inside dia. of Penstock Pipe = Outside dia of penstock pipe = Thickness of the pipe = Design Head at the centre of the Anchor Block = Design Discharge for power Generation = Distance between two anchor Blocks = Pipe length between centre of block to upper exp. joint = Pipe length between centre of block to Lower exp. joint = Pipe length between centre of AB to upper saddle support = Pipe length between centre of AB to lower saddle support = Vertical angle of upper pipe with horizontal = Vertical angle of lower pipe with horizontal = Deflection angle between upper and lower pipes = Density of steel = Density of water = Density of concrete = Friction coefficient = Friction coefficient between saddle support and pipe = Friction coefficient between concrete and foundation = Weight of Pipe per meter = weight of water contained in pipe per meter = Velocity of water in the pipe = coefficient of horizontal earthquake = Sectional internal area of pipe = Bearing Capacity of Soil = Design Head at the axis of the Reducer = Difference in x-area of the pipes at reducer = Volume of the anchor Block = Combined angle of horizontal and vertical angle =
Acting Forces on the Block 1) Weight of Pipe shell per meter S1 = S2 = *D*t*s = 2) Weight of water in pipe per meter 2 w1 = w2 = (*D /4)*s = 3) Thrust due to inclination of pipe a) for Upper pipe W1 = 0.5*(w1+S1)*l1*cos1 b) for lower pipe W2 = 0.5*(w2+S2)*l2*cos2
D1 = D2 = t= H= Q= d1 = L1 = L2 = l1 = l2 = 1 = 2 = = s = w = c = f= C= = S= w= v= = A= qb = Ho = a = V= =
m m mm m m3/s
47.21 m 3m 5m 5m 26 deg 12 deg 0 deg 7.85 t/m3 1 t/m3 2.4 t/m3 0.02 0.15 0.6 0.217 t/m 0.950 t/m 2.737 m/s 0.12 0.950 m2 20 t/m2 0m 0 m2 17.26 m3 14 deg cos-1(cos1 * cos2 * cos sin1 * sin1)
4) Axial component due to dead weight of the pipe and friction force between saddle support and pipe T1 = S1*L1*sin1+C(w1+S1)*(L1-l1/2)*cos1 11.528 ton T2 = S2*L2*sin2+C(w2+S2)*(L2-l2/2)*cos2 0.221 ton 5) Thrust due to fricyion of water in the pipe (2*f*Q2*L1)/(g*pi()*D13) P1 =
0.312 ton
P2 =
(2*f*Q2*L2)/(g*pi()*D23)
0.019 ton
6) Centrifugal force due to horizontal and vertical Bends of the pipe P3 = (2*v2*sin(/2))/g 7) Resultant force of water pressure acting at the bending point of pipe P4 = 2*H*A*sin(/2) 8) Thrust due to axial internal pressure acting to reducer P5 = a * Ho 9) Dead weight of the Anchor Block = Wb = c * V 10) Seismic Force F= * Wb
0.186 ton
13.897 ton
41.41564 ton
4.969877 ton
Adopt the size as below Width of the block = Total Length = Height of the block = Total volume = Deduct pipe pipe length in the block = Pipe dia external = pipe vol Total Anchor Block Volume =
m m m m3 m m2 m3 m3
A= centroid=
8.47 1.4484
Qd = 2.6015 m3/s P Dia. =1.1 m Ref Fig. CAD DRG. block shape
segment 1 2 3 4 Total
wt, ton arm abt TOE Moment, tm 41.42 1.45 59.99 0.00 4.75 0.00 0.00 2.33 0.00 0.00 1.75 0.00 41.42 59.99 Mx -4.97 -0.22 -0.24 -5.43 1.96 0.42 0.12 -9.75 -0.09 -0.03 -9.87 My
69.85731
Stability Calculation of Anchor Block Forces Horizontal Vertical p(x) p(y) W1 2.623 1.15 2.36 W2 2.855 0.59 2.79 T1 11.528 -10.36 5.05 T2 0.221 -0.05 0.22 P1 0.312 -0.14 0.28 P2 0.019 0.00 0.02 P3 0.186 -0.05 -0.18 P4 13.897 -3.36 -13.48 Total -12.21 -2.95 wt of block 41.41564 Total = -12.21 38.47 F(x) = p(x) -12.21 Total Horizontal Force F(y) = p(y) +Wb 38.47 Total Vertical Force X = Point of action of Horizontal Resultant force = Mx / Wb = 1.4484 Y = Point of action of Horizontal Resultant Force =My / Wb = -0.23834 Total horizontal moment due to different forces = F(x) * Y = 2.910405 Total vertical moment due to different forces = p(y) * X = -4.2679 Moment due to block itself = Mx = 59.99 Total Moment acting on the Block = M = 58.63
check for component forces and sign conventi H21 = H31 = L5 = L= Anchor Block NO.3 Overturning Check Sliding Check Bearing Capacity Vol of Concrete = Considering Earthquake Overturning Check Sliding Check Bearing Capacity
m m tm tm tm tm
m m m m
B ) Safety Against Sliding FS = 1.5 for Normal Condition FS = F(y) * / F(x) > 1.5 FS = 1.89 OK
C) Check Against Bearing Capacity max = F(y) / A*(1(+/-)6 e/B) < qa Where, max = Max. compressive Stress min = Min. compressive Stress F(y) = Total Vertical forces A = Base area e = essentricity qa = allowable bearing capacity of foundation
t/m2 t m2 m t/m2
OK
Considering Earthquake Effect Total Horizontal Force = F(x) + Fe = Total Vertical Force = F(y) = Total Moment M = A) Safety Against Overturning L= x = M/F(y) L/2 = e= L/6 = e < L/6 -17.64 t 38.47 t 48.76 tm
m m m m
B ) Safety Against Sliding FS = 1.2 for Normal Condition FS = F(y) * / F(x) > 1.2 FS = 1.31 OK
C) Check Against Bearing Capacity max = F(y) / A*(1(+/-)6 e/B) < qa Where, max = Max. compressive Stress min = Min. compressive Stress F(y) = Total Vertical forces A = Base area e = essentricity qa = allowable bearing capacity of foundation
t/m2 t m2 m t/m2
OK
from Penstock optimization 46.15 from Penstock optimization from drg. from drg. from drg. from drg. from drg. from drg. from drg. from drg. from drg.
Horizontal deflection
1 2 3 4 5
Bearing Capacity For different Type of soil in t/m2 clay 18-22 Sand 20-32 Sand/Gravel 30-40 Sand/Gravel/Clay 35-65 Rock 60-100
0.970296
F1 F2
F8
Wb
component forces and sign conventions 0.2 m 0.0461 m 4.5 m 8m Anchor Block NO.3 Overturning Check -0.07 e <L/6=0.48 OK Sliding Check 1.89 FS >1.5 OK Bearing Capacity 4.50 B <20 t/m2 OK Vol of Concrete = 17.26 m3 Considering Earthquake Overturning Check Sliding Check Bearing Capacity
H=4.5
Design of Anchor Blocks for Q40 Block No. 4 Design Data: Inside dia. of Penstock Pipe = Outside dia of penstock pipe = Thickness of the pipe = Design Head at the centre of the Anchor Block = Design Discharge for power Generation = Distance between two anchor Blocks = Pipe length between centre of block to upper exp. joint = Pipe length between centre of block to Lower exp. joint = Pipe length between centre of AB to upper saddle support = Pipe length between centre of AB to lower saddle support = Vertical angle of upper pipe with horizontal = Vertical angle of lower pipe with horizontal = Deflection angle between upper and lower pipes = Density of steel = Density of water = Density of concrete = Friction coefficient = Friction coefficient between saddle support and pipe = Friction coefficient between concrete and foundation = Weight of Pipe per meter = weight of water contained in pipe per meter = Velocity of water in the pipe = coefficient of horizontal earthquake = Sectional internal area of pipe = Bearing Capacity of Soil = Design Head at the axis of the Reducer = Difference in x-area of the pipes at reducer = Volume of the anchor Block = Combined angle of horizontal and vertical angle =
Acting Forces on the Block 1) Weight of Pipe shell per meter S1 = S2 = *D*t*s = 2) Weight of water in pipe per meter 2 w1 = w2 = (*D /4)*s = 3) Thrust due to inclination of pipe a) for Upper pipe W1 = 0.5*(w1+S1)*l1*cos1 b) for lower pipe W2 = 0.5*(w2+S2)*l2*cos2
D1 = D2 = t= H= Q= d1 = L1 = L2 = l1 = l2 = 1 = 2 = = s = w = c = f= C= = S= w= v= = A= qb = Ho = a = V= =
m m mm m m3/s
48.06 m 3m 5m 5m 12 deg 26 deg 0 deg 7.85 t/m3 1 t/m3 2.4 t/m3 0.02 0.15 0.6 0.271 t/m 0.950 t/m 2.737 m/s 0.12 0.950 m2 20 t/m2 0m 0 m2 25.07 m3 14 deg cos-1(cos1 * cos2 * cos sin1 * sin1)
4) Axial component due to dead weight of the pipe and friction force between saddle support and pipe T1 = S1*L1*sin1+C(w1+S1)*(L1-l1/2)*cos1 10.877 ton T2 = S2*L2*sin2+C(w2+S2)*(L2-l2/2)*cos2 0.439 ton 5) Thrust due to fricyion of water in the pipe (2*f*Q2*L1)/(g*pi()*D13) P1 =
0.317 ton
P2 =
(2*f*Q2*L2)/(g*pi()*D23)
0.019 ton
6) Centrifugal force due to horizontal and vertical Bends of the pipe P3 = (2*v2*sin(/2))/g 7) Resultant force of water pressure acting at the bending point of pipe P4 = 2*H*A*sin(/2) 8) Thrust due to axial internal pressure acting to reducer P5 = a * Ho 9) Dead weight of the Anchor Block = Wb = c * V 10) Seismic Force F= * Wb
0.186 ton
17.161 ton
60.16677 ton
7.220012 ton
Adopt the size as below Width of the block = Total Length = Height of the block = Total volume = Deduct pipe pipe length in the block = Pipe dia external = pipe vol Total Anchor Block Volume =
m m m m3 m m2 m3 m3
A= centroid=
9.2946 1.9075
Qd = 2.6015 m3/s P Dia. =1.1 m Ref Fig. CAD DRG. block shape
segment 1 2 3 4 Total
wt, ton arm abt TOE Moment, tm 60.17 1.91 114.77 0.00 4.75 0.00 0.00 2.33 0.00 0.00 1.75 0.00 60.17 114.77 Mx -7.22 -0.31 -0.28 -7.81 1.70 0.23 0.35 -12.27 -0.07 -0.10 -12.45 My
127.2132
Stability Calculation of Anchor Block Forces Horizontal Vertical p(x) p(y) W1 2.987 0.62 2.92 W2 2.745 1.20 2.47 T1 10.877 -10.64 2.26 T2 0.439 -0.19 0.39 P1 0.317 -0.07 0.31 P2 0.019 -0.01 0.02 P3 0.186 -0.05 -0.18 P4 17.161 -4.15 -16.65 Total -13.28 -8.46 wt of block 60.16677 Total = -13.28 51.71 F(x) = p(x) -13.28 Total Horizontal Force F(y) = p(y) +Wb 51.71 Total Vertical Force X = Point of action of Horizontal Resultant force = Mx / Wb = 1.9075 Y = Point of action of Horizontal Resultant Force =My / Wb = -0.20684 Total horizontal moment due to different forces = F(x) * Y = 2.746445 Total vertical moment due to different forces = p(y) * X = -16.1366 Moment due to block itself = Mx = 114.77 Total Moment acting on the Block = M = 101.38
check for component forces and sign conventi H21 = H31 = L5 = L= Anchor Block NO.4 Overturning Check Sliding Check Bearing Capacity Vol of Concrete = Considering Earthquake Overturning Check Sliding Check Bearing Capacity
m m tm tm tm tm
m m m m
B ) Safety Against Sliding FS = 1.5 for Normal Condition FS = F(y) * / F(x) > 1.5 FS = 2.34 OK
C) Check Against Bearing Capacity max = F(y) / A*(1(+/-)6 e/B) < qa Where, max = Max. compressive Stress min = Min. compressive Stress F(y) = Total Vertical forces A = Base area e = essentricity qa = allowable bearing capacity of foundation
t/m2 t m2 m t/m2
OK
Considering Earthquake Effect Total Horizontal Force = F(x) + Fe = Total Vertical Force = F(y) = Total Moment M = A) Safety Against Overturning L= x = M/F(y) L/2 = e= L/6 = e < L/6 -21.09 t 51.71 t 88.93 tm
m m m m
B ) Safety Against Sliding FS = 1.2 for Normal Condition FS = F(y) * / F(x) > 1.2 FS = 1.47 OK
C) Check Against Bearing Capacity max = F(y) / A*(1(+/-)6 e/B) < qa Where, max = Max. compressive Stress min = Min. compressive Stress F(y) = Total Vertical forces A = Base area e = essentricity qa = allowable bearing capacity of foundation
t/m2 t m2 m t/m2
OK
from Penstock optimization 56.99 from Penstock optimization from drg. from drg. from drg. from drg. from drg. from drg. from drg. from drg. from drg.
Horizontal deflection
1 2 3 4 5
Bearing Capacity For different Type of soil in t/m2 clay 18-22 Sand 20-32 Sand/Gravel 30-40 Sand/Gravel/Clay 35-65 Rock 60-100
0.970296
F1 F2
F8
Wb
component forces and sign conventions 0.2 m -1 m 4.5 m 8m Anchor Block NO.4 Overturning Check -0.16 e <L/6=0.6 OK Sliding Check 2.34 FS >1.5 OK Bearing Capacity 3.19 B <20 t/m2 OK Vol of Concrete = 25.07 m3 Considering Earthquake Overturning Check Sliding Check Bearing Capacity
H=4.5
Design of Anchor Blocks for Q40 Block No. 5 Design Data: Inside dia. of Penstock Pipe = Outside dia of penstock pipe = Thickness of the pipe = Design Head at the centre of the Anchor Block = Design Discharge for power Generation = Distance between two anchor Blocks = Pipe length between centre of block to upper exp. joint = Pipe length between centre of block to Lower exp. joint = Pipe length between centre of AB to upper saddle support = Pipe length between centre of AB to lower saddle support = Vertical angle of upper pipe with horizontal = Vertical angle of lower pipe with horizontal = Deflection angle between upper and lower pipes = Density of steel = Density of water = Density of concrete = Friction coefficient = Friction coefficient between saddle support and pipe = Friction coefficient between concrete and foundation = Weight of Pipe per meter = weight of water contained in pipe per meter = Velocity of water in the pipe = coefficient of horizontal earthquake = Sectional internal area of pipe = Bearing Capacity of Soil = Design Head at the axis of the Reducer = Difference in x-area of the pipes at reducer = Volume of the anchor Block = Combined angle of horizontal and vertical angle =
Acting Forces on the Block 1) Weight of Pipe shell per meter S1 = S2 = *D*t*s = 2) Weight of water in pipe per meter 2 w1 = w2 = (*D /4)*s = 3) Thrust due to inclination of pipe a) for Upper pipe W1 = 0.5*(w1+S1)*l1*cos1 b) for lower pipe W2 = 0.5*(w2+S2)*l2*cos2
D1 = D2 = t= H= Q= d1 = L1 = L2 = l1 = l2 = 1 = 2 = = s = w = c = f= C= = S= w= v= = A= qb = Ho = a = V= =
m m mm m m3/s
48.53 m 3m 5m 5m 26 deg 29 deg 0 deg 7.85 t/m3 1 t/m3 2.4 t/m3 0.02 0.15 0.6 0.326 t/m 0.950 t/m 2.737 m/s 0.12 0.950 m2 20 t/m2 0m 0 m2 17.71 m3 3 deg cos-1(cos1 * cos2 * cos sin1 * sin1)
4) Axial component due to dead weight of the pipe and friction force between saddle support and pipe T1 = S1*L1*sin1+C(w1+S1)*(L1-l1/2)*cos1 14.843 ton T2 = S2*L2*sin2+C(w2+S2)*(L2-l2/2)*cos2 0.557 ton 5) Thrust due to fricyion of water in the pipe (2*f*Q2*L1)/(g*pi()*D13) P1 =
0.320 ton
P2 =
(2*f*Q2*L2)/(g*pi()*D23)
0.019 ton
6) Centrifugal force due to horizontal and vertical Bends of the pipe P3 = (2*v2*sin(/2))/g 7) Resultant force of water pressure acting at the bending point of pipe P4 = 2*H*A*sin(/2) 8) Thrust due to axial internal pressure acting to reducer P5 = a * Ho 9) Dead weight of the Anchor Block = Wb = c * V 10) Seismic Force F= * Wb
0.040 ton
5.139 ton
42.50493 ton
5.100591 ton
Adopt the size as below Width of the block = Total Length = Height of the block = Total volume = Deduct pipe pipe length in the block = Pipe dia external = pipe vol Total Anchor Block Volume =
m m m m3 m m2 m3 m3
A= centroid=
8.7875 1.5701
Qd = 2.6015 m3/s P Dia. =1.1 m Ref Fig. CAD DRG. block shape
segment 1 2 3 4 Total
wt, ton arm abt TOE Moment, tm 42.50 1.57 66.74 0.00 4.75 0.00 0.00 2.33 0.00 0.00 1.75 0.00 42.50 66.74 Mx -5.10 -0.25 -0.24 -5.59 1.95 0.44 0.33 -9.95 -0.11 -0.08 -10.14 My
76.87203
Stability Calculation of Anchor Block Forces Horizontal Vertical p(x) p(y) W1 2.867 1.26 2.58 W2 2.790 1.35 2.44 T1 14.843 -13.34 6.51 T2 0.557 -0.27 0.49 P1 0.320 -0.14 0.29 P2 0.019 -0.01 0.02 P3 0.040 0.00 -0.04 P4 5.139 -0.27 -5.13 Total -11.42 7.14 wt of block 42.50493 Total = -11.42 49.65 F(x) = p(x) -11.42 Total Horizontal Force F(y) = p(y) +Wb 49.65 Total Vertical Force X = Point of action of Horizontal Resultant force = Mx / Wb = 1.5701 Y = Point of action of Horizontal Resultant Force =My / Wb = -0.23844 Total horizontal moment due to different forces = F(x) * Y = 2.723549 Total vertical moment due to different forces = p(y) * X = 11.21544 Moment due to block itself = Mx = 66.74 Total Moment acting on the Block = M = 80.68
check for component forces and sign conventi H21 = H31 = L5 = L= Anchor Block NO.5 Overturning Check Sliding Check Bearing Capacity Vol of Concrete = Considering Earthquake Overturning Check Sliding Check Bearing Capacity
m m tm tm tm tm
m m m m
B ) Safety Against Sliding FS = 1.5 for Normal Condition FS = F(y) * / F(x) > 1.5 FS = 2.61 OK
C) Check Against Bearing Capacity max = F(y) / A*(1(+/-)6 e/B) < qa Where, max = Max. compressive Stress min = Min. compressive Stress F(y) = Total Vertical forces A = Base area e = essentricity qa = allowable bearing capacity of foundation
t/m2 t m2 m t/m2
OK
Considering Earthquake Effect Total Horizontal Force = F(x) + Fe = Total Vertical Force = F(y) = Total Moment M = A) Safety Against Overturning L= x = M/F(y) L/2 = e= L/6 = e < L/6 -17.01 t 49.65 t 70.54 tm
m m m m
B ) Safety Against Sliding FS = 1.2 for Normal Condition FS = F(y) * / F(x) > 1.2 FS = 1.75 OK
C) Check Against Bearing Capacity max = F(y) / A*(1(+/-)6 e/B) < qa Where, max = Max. compressive Stress min = Min. compressive Stress F(y) = Total Vertical forces A = Base area e = essentricity qa = allowable bearing capacity of foundation
t/m2 t m2 m t/m2
OK
from Penstock optimization 79.45 from Penstock optimization from drg. from drg. from drg. from drg. from drg. from drg. from drg. from drg. from drg.
Horizontal deflection
1 2 3 4 5
Bearing Capacity For different Type of soil in t/m2 clay 18-22 Sand 20-32 Sand/Gravel 30-40 Sand/Gravel/Clay 35-65 Rock 60-100
0.99863
F1 F2
F8
Wb
component forces and sign conventions 0.2 m 0m 4.5 m 8m Anchor Block NO.5 Overturning Check -0.12 e <L/6=0.5 OK Sliding Check 2.61 FS >1.5 OK Bearing Capacity 4.74 B <20 t/m2 OK Vol of Concrete = 17.71 m3 Considering Earthquake Overturning Check Sliding Check Bearing Capacity
H=4.5
Design of Anchor Blocks for Q40 Block No. 6 Design Data: Inside dia. of Penstock Pipe = Outside dia of penstock pipe = Thickness of the pipe = Design Head at the centre of the Anchor Block = Design Discharge for power Generation = Distance between two anchor Blocks = Pipe length between centre of block to upper exp. joint = Pipe length between centre of block to Lower exp. joint = Pipe length between centre of AB to upper saddle support = Pipe length between centre of AB to lower saddle support = Vertical angle of upper pipe with horizontal = Vertical angle of lower pipe with horizontal = Deflection angle between upper and lower pipes = Density of steel = Density of water = Density of concrete = Friction coefficient = Friction coefficient between saddle support and pipe = Friction coefficient between concrete and foundation = Weight of Pipe per meter = weight of water contained in pipe per meter = Velocity of water in the pipe = coefficient of horizontal earthquake = Sectional internal area of pipe = Bearing Capacity of Soil = Design Head at the axis of the Reducer = Difference in x-area of the pipes at reducer = Volume of the anchor Block = Combined angle of horizontal and vertical angle =
Acting Forces on the Block 1) Weight of Pipe shell per meter S1 = S2 = *D*t*s = 2) Weight of water in pipe per meter 2 w1 = w2 = (*D /4)*s = 3) Thrust due to inclination of pipe a) for Upper pipe W1 = 0.5*(w1+S1)*l1*cos1 b) for lower pipe W2 = 0.5*(w2+S2)*l2*cos2
D1 = D2 = t= H= Q= d1 = L1 = L2 = l1 = l2 = 1 = 2 = = s = w = c = f= C= = S= w= v= = A= qb = Ho = a = V= =
m m mm m m3/s
61.08 m 3m 5m 5m 29 deg 35 deg 27 deg 7.85 t/m3 1 t/m3 2.4 t/m3 0.02 0.15 0.6 0.326 t/m 0.950 t/m 2.737 m/s 0.12 0.950 m2 20 t/m2 0m 0 m2 58.69 m3 23.58981 deg cos-1(cos1 * cos2 * cos sin1 * sin1)
4) Axial component due to dead weight of the pipe and friction force between saddle support and pipe T1 = S1*L1*sin1+C(w1+S1)*(L1-l1/2)*cos1 19.445 ton T2 = S2*L2*sin2+C(w2+S2)*(L2-l2/2)*cos2 0.639 ton 5) Thrust due to fricyion of water in the pipe (2*f*Q2*L1)/(g*pi()*D13) P1 =
0.403 ton
P2 =
(2*f*Q2*L2)/(g*pi()*D23)
0.019 ton
6) Centrifugal force due to horizontal and vertical Bends of the pipe P3 = (2*v2*sin(/2))/g 7) Resultant force of water pressure acting at the bending point of pipe P4 = 2*H*A*sin(/2) 8) Thrust due to axial internal pressure acting to reducer P5 = a * Ho 9) Dead weight of the Anchor Block = Wb = c * V 10) Seismic Force F= * Wb
0.312 ton
55.775 ton
140.8525 ton
16.90229 ton
Adopt the size as below Width of the block = Total Length = Height of the block = Total volume = Deduct pipe pipe length in the block = Pipe dia external = pipe vol Total Anchor Block Volume =
m m m m3 m m2 m3 m3
A= centroid=
14.2629 2.0793
Qd = 2.6015 m3/s P Dia. =1.1 m Ref Fig. CAD DRG. block shape
segment 1 2 3 4 Total
wt, ton arm abt TOE Moment, tm 140.85 2.08 292.87 0.00 4.75 0.00 0.00 2.33 0.00 0.00 1.75 0.00 140.85 292.87 Mx -16.90 -0.33 -0.31 -17.54 2.04 0.68 0.57 -34.40 -0.22 -0.18 -34.80 My
327.6783
Stability Calculation of Anchor Block Forces Horizontal Vertical p(x) p(y) W1 2.790 1.35 2.44 W2 2.613 1.50 2.14 T1 19.445 -17.01 9.43 T2 0.639 -0.37 0.52 P1 0.403 -0.20 0.35 P2 0.019 -0.01 0.02 P3 0.312 -0.12 -0.29 P4 55.775 -22.32 -51.11 Total -37.17 -36.50 wt of block 140.8525 Total = -37.17 104.35 F(x) = p(x) -37.17 Total Horizontal Force F(y) = p(y) +Wb 104.35 Total Vertical Force X = Point of action of Horizontal Resultant force = Mx / Wb = 2.0793 Y = Point of action of Horizontal Resultant Force =My / Wb = -0.24709 Total horizontal moment due to different forces = F(x) * Y = 9.185326 Total vertical moment due to different forces = p(y) * X = -75.8978 Moment due to block itself = Mx = 292.87 Total Moment acting on the Block = M = 226.16
check for component forces and sign conventi H21 = H31 = L5 = L= Anchor Block NO.6 Overturning Check Sliding Check Bearing Capacity Vol of Concrete = Considering Earthquake Overturning Check Sliding Check Bearing Capacity
m m tm tm tm tm
m m m m
B ) Safety Against Sliding FS = 1.5 for Normal Condition FS = F(y) * / F(x) > 1.5 FS = 1.68 OK
C) Check Against Bearing Capacity max = F(y) / A*(1(+/-)6 e/B) < qa Where, max = Max. compressive Stress min = Min. compressive Stress F(y) = Total Vertical forces A = Base area e = essentricity qa = allowable bearing capacity of foundation
t/m2 t m2 m t/m2
OK
Considering Earthquake Effect Total Horizontal Force = F(x) + Fe = Total Vertical Force = F(y) = Total Moment M = A) Safety Against Overturning L= x = M/F(y) L/2 = e= L/6 = e < L/6 -54.71 t 104.35 t 191.36 tm
m m m m
B ) Safety Against Sliding FS = 1.2 for Normal Condition FS = F(y) * / F(x) > 1.2 FS = 1.14 NOT OK
C) Check Against Bearing Capacity max = F(y) / A*(1(+/-)6 e/B) < qa Where, max = Max. compressive Stress min = Min. compressive Stress F(y) = Total Vertical forces A = Base area e = essentricity qa = allowable bearing capacity of foundation
t/m2 t m2 m t/m2
OK
from Penstock optimization 110.43 from Penstock optimization from drg. from drg. from drg. from drg. from drg. from drg. from drg. from drg. from drg.
Horizontal deflection
1 2 3 4 5
Bearing Capacity For different Type of soil in t/m2 clay 18-22 Sand 20-32 Sand/Gravel 30-40 Sand/Gravel/Clay 35-65 Rock 60-100
0.916434
F1 F2
F8
Wb
component forces and sign conventions 0.2 m 0.3414 m 4.5 m 8m Anchor Block NO.6 Overturning Check -0.12 e <L/6=0.68 OK Sliding Check 1.68 FS >1.5 OK Bearing Capacity 4.86 B <20 t/m2 OK Vol of Concrete = 58.69 m3 Considering Earthquake Overturning Check Sliding Check Bearing Capacity
H=4.5
Design of Anchor Blocks for Q40 Block No. 7 Design Data: Inside dia. of Penstock Pipe = Outside dia of penstock pipe = Thickness of the pipe = Design Head at the centre of the Anchor Block = Design Discharge for power Generation = Distance between two anchor Blocks = Pipe length between centre of block to upper exp. joint = Pipe length between centre of block to Lower exp. joint = Pipe length between centre of AB to upper saddle support = Pipe length between centre of AB to lower saddle support = Vertical angle of upper pipe with horizontal = Vertical angle of lower pipe with horizontal = Deflection angle between upper and lower pipes = Density of steel = Density of water = Density of concrete = Friction coefficient = Friction coefficient between saddle support and pipe = Friction coefficient between concrete and foundation = Weight of Pipe per meter = weight of water contained in pipe per meter = Velocity of water in the pipe = coefficient of horizontal earthquake = Sectional internal area of pipe = Bearing Capacity of Soil = Design Head at the axis of the Reducer = Difference in x-area of the pipes at reducer = Volume of the anchor Block = Combined angle of horizontal and vertical angle =
Acting Forces on the Block 1) Weight of Pipe shell per meter S1 = S2 = *D*t*s = 2) Weight of water in pipe per meter 2 w1 = w2 = (*D /4)*s = 3) Thrust due to inclination of pipe a) for Upper pipe W1 = 0.5*(w1+S1)*l1*cos1 b) for lower pipe W2 = 0.5*(w2+S2)*l2*cos2
D1 = D2 = t= H= Q= d1 = L1 = L2 = l1 = l2 = 1 = 2 = = s = w = c = f= C= = S= w= v= = A= qb = Ho = a = V= =
m m mm m m3/s
67.33 m 3m 5m 5m 35 deg 0 deg 35 deg 7.85 t/m3 1 t/m3 2.4 t/m3 0.02 0.15 0.6 0.624 t/m 0.950 t/m 2.737 m/s 0.12 0.950 m2 25 t/m2 0m 0 m2 200.89 m3 47.85493 deg cos-1(cos1 * cos2 * cos sin1 * sin1)
4) Axial component due to dead weight of the pipe and friction force between saddle support and pipe T1 = S1*L1*sin1+C(w1+S1)*(L1-l1/2)*cos1 36.636 ton T2 = S2*L2*sin2+C(w2+S2)*(L2-l2/2)*cos2 0.118 ton 5) Thrust due to fricyion of water in the pipe (2*f*Q2*L1)/(g*pi()*D13) P1 =
0.444 ton
P2 =
(2*f*Q2*L2)/(g*pi()*D23)
0.018 ton
6) Centrifugal force due to horizontal and vertical Bends of the pipe P3 = (2*v2*sin(/2))/g 7) Resultant force of water pressure acting at the bending point of pipe P4 = 2*H*A*sin(/2) 8) Thrust due to axial internal pressure acting to reducer P5 = a * Ho 9) Dead weight of the Anchor Block = Wb = c * V 10) Seismic Force F= * Wb
0.620 ton
151.222 ton
482.1411 ton
57.85694 ton
Adopt the size as below Width of the block = Total Length = Height of the block = Total volume = Deduct pipe pipe length in the block = Pipe dia external = pipe vol Total Anchor Block Volume =
m m m m3 m m2 m3 m3
A= centroid=
23.009 3.1754
Qd = 2.6015 m3/s P Dia. =1.1 m Ref Fig. CAD DRG. block shape
segment 1 2 3 4 Total
wt, ton arm abt TOE Moment, tm 482.14 3.18 1530.99 0.00 4.75 0.00 0.00 2.33 0.00 0.00 1.75 0.00 482.14 1530.99 Mx -57.86 -0.61 -0.75 -59.21 1.99 1.38 0.00 -114.98 -0.85 0.00 -115.83 My
1646.819
Stability Calculation of Anchor Block Forces Horizontal Vertical p(x) p(y) W1 3.224 1.85 2.64 W2 3.936 0.00 3.94 T1 36.636 -30.01 21.01 T2 0.118 0.00 0.12 P1 0.444 -0.25 0.36 P2 0.018 0.00 0.02 P3 0.620 -0.46 -0.42 P4 151.222 -112.12 -101.47 Total -141.00 -73.80 wt of block 482.1411 Total = -141.00 408.34 F(x) = p(x) -141.00 Total Horizontal Force F(y) = p(y) +Wb 408.34 Total Vertical Force X = Point of action of Horizontal Resultant force = Mx / Wb = 3.1754 Y = Point of action of Horizontal Resultant Force =My / Wb = -0.24024 Total horizontal moment due to different forces = F(x) * Y = 33.873 Total vertical moment due to different forces = p(y) * X = -234.336 Moment due to block itself = Mx = 1530.99 Total Moment acting on the Block = M = 1330.53
check for component forces and sign conventi H21 = H31 = L5 = L= Anchor Block NO.7 Overturning Check Sliding Check Bearing Capacity Vol of Concrete = Considering Earthquake Overturning Check Sliding Check Bearing Capacity
m m tm tm tm tm
m m m m
B ) Safety Against Sliding FS = 1.5 for Normal Condition FS = F(y) * / F(x) > 1.5 FS = 1.74 OK
C) Check Against Bearing Capacity max = F(y) / A*(1(+/-)6 e/B) < qa Where, max = Max. compressive Stress min = Min. compressive Stress F(y) = Total Vertical forces A = Base area e = essentricity qa = allowable bearing capacity of foundation
t/m2 t m2 m t/m2
OK
Considering Earthquake Effect Total Horizontal Force = F(x) + Fe = Total Vertical Force = F(y) = Total Moment M = A) Safety Against Overturning L= x = M/F(y) L/2 = e= L/6 = e < L/6 -200.21 t 408.34 t 1214.70 tm
m m m m
B ) Safety Against Sliding FS = 1.2 for Normal Condition FS = F(y) * / F(x) > 1.2 FS = 1.22 OK
C) Check Against Bearing Capacity max = F(y) / A*(1(+/-)6 e/B) < qa Where, max = Max. compressive Stress min = Min. compressive Stress F(y) = Total Vertical forces A = Base area e = essentricity qa = allowable bearing capacity of foundation
t/m2 t m2 m t/m2
OK
from Penstock optimization 150.9 from Penstock optimization from drg. from drg. from drg. from drg. from drg. from drg. from drg. from drg. from drg.
Horizontal deflection
1 2 3 4 5
Bearing Capacity For different Type of soil in t/m2 clay 18-22 Sand 20-32 Sand/Gravel 30-40 Sand/Gravel/Clay 35-65 Rock 60-100
0.67101
F1 F2
F8
Wb
component forces and sign conventions 0.2 m 0.1494 m 4.5 m 8m Anchor Block NO.7 Overturning Check 0.03 e <L/6=1.1 OK Sliding Check 1.74 FS >1.5 OK Bearing Capacity 7.05 B <20 t/m2 OK Vol of Concrete = 200.89 m3 Considering Earthquake Overturning Check Sliding Check Bearing Capacity
H=4.5
Anchor Block no 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
343.0906 m3