Content:

The Beginning of Revelation The Book of Belief The Book of Knowledge The Book of Wudu The Book of Ghusl Book of Menstruation Book of Tayammum Book of Prayer Clothing in the Prayer The Qibla Mosques 2 21 34 54 78 87 97 103 105 114 117

The Sahih Collection of al-Bukhari by Imam Bukhari Translated by: Ustadha Aisha Bewley
Chapter 1: The Beginning of the Revelation I. How the revelation to the Messenger of Allah , may Allah bless him and grant him peace, began and the words of Allah, "We have revealed to you as We revealed to Nuh and the Prophets who came after him." (4:162) 1. 'Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, said on the minbar, "I heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, 'Actions are but judged according to intentions. Every man has what he intends. So whoever emigrates to gain something of this world or to marry a woman, his emigration is for that to which he emigrated.'" 2. 'A'isha, Umm al-Mu'minin, may Allah be pleased with her, said that al-Harith ibn Hisham asked the Messenger of Allah, "Messenger of Allah! How does the revelation come to you?" The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Sometimes it comes to me like the ringing of a bell - and this is the hardest on me - which then leaves me after I have fully understood and retained what was said. Sometimes the angel comes to me in the form of a man and speaks to me and I retain what he says." 'A'isha, may Allah be pleased with her, said, "I saw him when the revelation was descending on him on a very cold day and when it left him his brow was dripping with perspiration." 3. 'A'isha, Umm al-Mu'minin, may Allah be pleased with her, said, "The beginning of the revelation to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, took the form of the true dream. Whenever he had this kind of dream, it was clear like the break of day [and was true]. Then he was made to love retreat and used to go into retreat in the cave of Hira' where he would devote himself to the worship of Allah alone, continuing in this worship for a number of nights until he felt inclined to return to his family. He would take provision for his stay. Then he would return to Khadija to restock with provision to do the same again. This lasted until the Truth came to him while he was in the cave of Hira'. The angel came to him and said, 'Read!' He said, 'I cannot read.'" The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "He seized me and squeezed me until all the strength went out of me and then released me and said, 'Read !' I said, 'I cannot read.' Then he seized me and squeezed me a second time until all the strength when out of me and then

released me. Then he seized me and squeezed me a third time and then released me, and then he said, 'Recite: In the Name of your Lord who created, created man from a blood clot. Recite: And your Lord is the Most Generous.'" [She went on,] "Then the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,returned with that and his heart was quaking. He came to Khadija bint Khuwaylid, may Allah be pleased with her, and said, 'Wrap me up! Wrap me up!' They wrapped him up until the state of terror had left him and then he told Khadija what had happened and said, 'I am afraid for myself.' Khadija said, 'No, by Allah, Allah would never bring disgrace upon you. You maintain ties of kinship, bear people's burdens, help the destitute, give hospitality to your guests and help those who have been afflicted by calamities.' "Khadija then went with him to Waraqa ibn Nawfal ibn Asad ibn 'Abdu'l-'Uzza, Khadija's cousin, who had become Christian during the Jahiliyya. He could write in Hebrew and wrote in Hebrew as much of the Gospel as Allah willed. He was an old man who had gone blind. Khadija said to him, 'Cousin! Listen to your nephew.' Waraqa said to him, 'Nephew, what have you seen?' The Messenger of Alla, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, told him what he had seen. Waraqa said to him, 'This is the Namus [Jibril] which Allah sent to Musa. I wish that I were still young. I wish I might still be alive when your people drive you out!' The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, asked, 'Will they drive me out?' He said, 'Yes, no man has brought anything similar to what you have brought without being treated with hostility. If I am still alive on that day, I will give you my strong support.' Shortly after that, Waraqa died and there was a pause in the revelation." 4. Jabir ibn 'Abdullah al-Ansari said that while speaking about the intermission of the revelation that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "While I was out walking, I suddenly heard a voice from heaven. I raised my eyes and there was the same angel who had come to me at Hira'. He was sitting on a chair between the sky and the earth. I was afraid of him and returned home and said, 'Wrap me up! Wrap me up!' Then Allah sent down, 'O you enveloped in your cloak! Arise and warn.'.... up to 'and shun all filth.' After that revelation became intensive and continuous." ['Abdullah ibn Yusuf and Abu Salih corroborated with him. Hilal ibn Raddad corroborated with him in relating from az-Zuhri. Yunus and Ma'mar used the word bawadiruhuinstead of fu'aduhu.]

5. Sa'id ibn Jubayr related that Ibn 'Abbas said about the words of Allah the Almighty,"Do not move your tongue trying to hasten it" (75:16): "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to experience hardship while receiving the revelation and he used to move his lips [for committing it into memory instantly]." Ibn 'Abbas said, "I am moving my lips for you as the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, moved his." Sa'id ibn Jubayr said, "I am moving my lips as I saw Ibn 'Abbas moving his," and he moved his lips. "So Allah the Almighty sent down, 'Do not move your tongue trying to hasten it. Its collection and recitation are Our responsibility.' He said that 'collecting it' means 'in your heart and your reciting it [as it was revealed]'. 'So when We recite it, follow its recitation,'means 'listen and be silent'. 'Then its explanation is also Our responsibility' means that it is up to Us when you recite it. After that, the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, would listen when Jibril came to him. When Jibril left, then the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,would recite it as Jibril had recited it." 6. Ibn 'Abbas related saying, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was the most generous of people, and he was even more generous in Ramadan when Jibril met him. He used to met him every night in Ramadan to go through the Qur'an with him. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was more generous with good than the blowing wind." 7. 'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas said that Abu Sufyan ibn Harb informed him that Heraclius had sent a message to him while he was with a Qurayshi caravan composed of merchants who were trading in Syria during the period when the the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had a truce with Abu Sufyan and the unbelievers of Quraysh. So they went to Heraclius who was in Ilya' [Jerusalem] and he invited them into his assembly where he was surrounded by the great men of Byzantium. He called for his translator and said, "Who among you is closest in lineage to this man who claims that he is a Prophet?" Abu Sufyan said, "I am the nearest to him in lineage." Heraclius said, "Give him leave to come near to me and bring his companions near and put them behind him." Then he said to his translator, "Tell them that I am going to ask him about this man. If he tells me a lie, then call him a liar." Abu Sufyan said, "By Allah, if I had not been afraid that they would transmit a lie from me [later on], I would have lied about him. The first question he asked me about him was, 'What is his lineage among you?' I replied. 'He belongs amongst us to a noble lineage.' Then he asked, 'Has anyone of your people ever said what he says before him?' I said, 'No.' He said, 'Was any of his ancestors a king?' I said, 'No.' He said, 'Do the nobles or the humble people follow him?' I replied, 'The humble people.' He asked, 'Are they on the increase or decrease?' I said, 'They are on the increase.' He asked, ' Does any of them become displeased with his religion and apostatize

after entering it?' I said, 'No.' He asked, 'Did you suspect him of being a liar before he said what he said?" I said, 'No.' He asked, 'Does he act treacherously?' I said, 'No. We are in a time of truce with him but we do not know what he will do during it.' I could not find anything to add to what I said except this sentence.' He asked, 'Have you fought him?' I said, 'Yes.' He went on, 'How did your fight against him go?' I said, 'Success in the war alternated between us - sometimes he would get the better of us and sometimes we of him.' He said, 'What does he order you to do?' I replied, 'He tells us to worship Allah alone and not associate anything with Him and to abandon what our ancestors said. He commands us to pray, to speak the truth, to be chaste, and to maintain ties of kinship.' "Heraclius told the translator to say: 'I asked you about his lineage and you mentioned that he has noble lineage; in the same way all the Messengers who were sent came from noble lineage among their peoples. I asked you whether anyone else among your people had said such a thing and you said they had not. If anyone had said this before him, I would have said that he was a man following the precedent of something said before. I asked you whether any of his ancestors was a king and you said no. If one of his ancestors had been a king, I would have said that he was a man seeking the kingdom of his ancestors. I asked you whether you accused him of being a liar before he said what he said and you said that you did not. I do not understand how someone would refuse to lie about people and then tell lies against Allah. I asked you whether the nobles or humble people followed him and you said that the humble people followed him. They are always the ones who follow the Messengers. I asked you whether they were on the increase or decrease and you said that they were on the increase. That is what happens with belief until it is complete. I asked you whether anyone had apostatized out of dislike for his religion after he had entered and you said that they had not. That is how it is with belief when its joy mixes with the hearts. I asked you whether he had been treacherous and you said no. That is how it is with the Messengers. I asked you what he commanded and you mentioned that he commanded you to worship Allah and not associate anything with him and forbade you to worship idols, and he commanded you to pray, speak truthfully, and be chaste. If what you said is true, then he will soon control this place where my feet are now standing. I knew that he was going to appear, but I did not know that it would be from you. If I knew that I could reach him, I would set out to meet him. If I were with him, I would wash his feet.' "Then he called for the letter of the Messenger of Allah which Dihya had brought to the governor of Busra, who in turn passed it on to Heraclius. He read it out, saying, 'In the name of Allah, the All-Merciful, the Compassionate, from Muhammad, the slave of Allah and His Messenger, to Heraclius, ruler of the Byzantines. Peace be upon the one who follows guidance. I call you to

Islam. If you become Muslim, you will be safe and Allah will double your reward. If you turn away, then you incur the wrong action of your subjects."O People of the Book! Come to a proposition which is the same for us and you that we should worship none but Allah and not attribute any partners to Him and not take one another as lords besides Allah. If they turn away, say, "Bear witness that we are Muslims." (3:64)'" Abu Sufyan said, "When Heraclius finished saying what he had said and had read the letter, there was a great uproar there and voices were raised. We were turned out. When we were turned out, I said to my companions, 'This business of Ibn Abi Kabsha has become so prominent that he alarms even the King of the Greeks.' Then I became certain that he would be victorious until Allah brought me to Islam." Ibn an-Nazur was the governor of Ilya' (Jerusalem) under Heraclius and was the head of the Christians of Syria. Ibn an-Nazur relates that when Heraclius came to Jerusalem, he got up one day in the morning in an ill-temper. Some of his priests said, "Your appearance causes us concern." Ibn an-Nazur said that Heraclius was an astrologer who looked at the stars. When they questioned him, he said, "Last night when I looked at the stars, I saw that the king of the circumcised had appeared. Who among this nation practise circumcision?" They said, "Nobody except the Jews and you should not be worried about them. Write to the cities under your command ordering the execution of all the Jews in them." While they were discussing it, a man sent by the King of Ghassan came to Heraclius to tell him the news about the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. When Heraclius learned about it, he said, "Go and see whether the messenger is circumcised or not." They looked at him and told him that he was circumcised. Heraclius asked him about the Arabs and he said that they practised circumcision. Heraclius said, "It is the sovereignty of this nation which has appeared." Then Heraclius wrote to a friend of his in Rome who was his equal in knowledge. Heraclius went to Homs and stayed in Homs until he received a letter from his friend agreeing with Heraclius' opinion about the emergence of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and that he was indeed a Prophet. Heraclius invited the great men of Byzantium to a villa of his in Homs. Then he commanded that the doors be shut and came out and said, "People of Byzantium! If you desire success, right guidance and for your kingdom to remain firm, then offer allegiance to this Prophet [by following him]." The people ran to the gates like wild asses and found them closed. Heraclius saw their aversion and despaired of their believing. He said, "Bring them back to me." He then said, "What I just said was to test your

strength in your deen (religion), and I have seen it." So they prostrated to him and were pleased with him. That was the end of the business which is related about Heraclius. [Salih ibn Kaysan, Yunus and Ma'mar related this hadith from az-Zuhri.] Chapter 2. The Book of Belief (Iman) I. On belief and the words of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, "Islam is based on five things." Belief is both word and action, and it increases and decreases. Allah the Almighty says,"Thus increasing their belief with more belief" (48:4) and "We increased them in guidance" (18:13) "Allah increases those who are guided with greater guidance." (19:76)"He increases in guidance those who are already guided and gives them fear of Him."(47:17) "So those who believe might increase in their belief." (74:31) "'Which of you has this increased in belief?' As for those who believe, it increases them in belief." (9:124) Allah says, 'The people have gathered against you so fear them.' But that merely increased them in belief " (3:177) Allah says, "It only increased them in faith and in submission." (33:22) Loving for the sake of Allah and hating for the sake of Allah is part of belief. 'Umar ibn 'Abdu'l-'Aziz wrote to 'Adi ibn 'Adi, "Belief includes obligations (fara'id), laws, legal limits of forbidden things (hudud), and things preferred to do (sunan). Whoever fulfills all of them has perfected his belief, and whoever does not fulfill them has not perfected his belief. If I live, I will make them clear to you so that you can act on them. If I die, however, I am not eager for your company." Ibrahim (the Prophet) said, "But so that my heart may be at peace." (2:260) Mu'adh said, "Let us sit for a time [to renew and increase our] belief." Ibn Mas'ud said, "Certainty is complete belief." Ibn 'Umar said, "A slave cannot attain to the reality of taqwa until he removes all intrigue from his breast."

Mujahid said , "'Allah has laid down the deen for you' (42:13) means: 'O Muhammad! We commanded you to the same deen as We commanded him (Nuh).'" Ibn 'Abbas said explaining the words of Allah, "shir'atan wa minjahan" (5:48) "Shir'a means sunan, the way and method, and sabil means path." "Your call" means "your belief" in the words of Allah, "Say: 'What has My Lord to do with you if you do not call on Him?'" (25:77) 8. It is related from Ibn 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,* said, "Islam is based on five: the testifying (shahada) that there is no god except Allah and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah; establishing the prayer (salat); paying the zakat (wealth-tax), the Hajj and the fast (sawm) of Ramadan. II. On matters concerning belief And the words of Allah, "It is not devoutness to turn your faces to the East or to the West. , those with true devotion are those who believe in Allah and the Last Day, the Angels, the Book and the Prophets, and who, despite their love for it, give away their wealth to their relatives and to orphans and the very poor, and to travellers and beggars and to set slaves free, and who establish the prayer and pay zakat; those who honour their contracts when they make them, and are steadfast in poverty and in illness and in battle. Those are the people who are true. They are the godfearing.." (2:177) and the words of Allah, "The believers are successful.." (23:1) 9. It was related from Abu Hurayra, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Belief has over sixty branches. Modesty is a branch of belief." III: On the Muslim being the one from whose tongue and hand the Muslims are safe. 10. It was related from 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "A Muslim is the one from whose tongue and hand the Muslims are safe. An emigrant (muhajir) is someone who abandons what Allah has forbidden." IV: On whose Islam is best. 11. Abu Musa, may Allah be pleased with him, said, "They said, 'Messenger of Allah, whose Islam is best?' He said, 'The one from whose tongue and hands the Muslims are safe.' " V: On feeding people being part of Islam 12. 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr, may Allah be pleased with him, said, "A man asked the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, 'Which aspect of Islam is best?' He said, 'Feeding people and greeting those you know and those you do not know.'"

VI: On part of Islam being to want for one's brother what one wants for oneself. 13. It was related from Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "None of you can truly be said to believe until he wants for his brother what he wants for himself." VII: On love for the Messenger being part of belief 14. It was related from Abu Hurayra, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "By the One who has my life in His hand, none of you will believe until he loves me more than his father and his children." 15. It was related from Anas that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "None of you will believe until he loves me more than his father, his children and all people." VIII: On the sweetness of belief 16. It was related from Anas that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Whoever possesses three attributes will experience the sweetness of belief: that he loves Allah and His Messenger more than anything else; that he loves someone for the sake of Allah alone; and he hates reverting to disbelief as much as he would hate being thrown into a fire." IX: On love for the Ansar being a sign of belief 17. It was related from Anas that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Love for the Ansar is a sign of belief and hatred of the Ansar is a sign of hypocrisy." 18. 'Ubada ibn as-Samit, may Allah be pleased with him, who was at the Battle of Badr and was one of the leaders on the Night of 'Aqaba, said that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had a group of his Companions around him and said, "Give homage to me based on not associating anything with Allah, not stealing, not committing adultery, not killing your children, not making a false accusation of adultery which you forge yourselves and not being disobedient regarding anything good. Any among you who fulfill this will be rewarded by Allah. Any who fall short regarding any of these things and are punished in this world, that will be an expiation for them. Whoever falls short regarding any of these things and Allah conceals it, then it will be up to Allah. If He wishes, He will pardon him, and if He wishes, He will punish him." 'Ubada said, "We gave him our allegiance on those conditions." X: On fleeing from civil strife (fitan) being part of belief. 19. It was related from Abu Sa'id al-Khudri that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The time will soon come when the best property of a Muslim will be some sheep which he takes to the peaks of the mountains and to places where the rain falls, in order to flee out of the fear that his deen will be tempted." XI: On the words of the Prophet, "I am the one of you with the most knowledge of Allah." True knowledge is an action of the heart. Allah says, "He will take you to task for the intention your hearts have made." (2:225)

20. 'A'isha said that whenever the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, gave people a command, he commanded them to perform actions according to what they were able to do. They said, "Messenger of Allah! We are not like you. Allah has forgiven you your past and future wrong actions." [They wanted to do more difficult deeds.] He became angry so that anger could be seen in his face. Then he said, "I am the one among you who is the most godfearing and has the most knowledge of Allah!" XII: On part of belief being hating to revert to disbelief as much as being thrown into a fire. 21. It was related from Anas from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,"Whoever possesses three attributes will experience the sweetness of belief: whoever loves Allah and His Messenger more than anything else; whoever loves someone for the sake of Allah alone; and whoever hates reverting to disbelief as much as he would hate being thrown into a fire." XIII: Grading of the superiority of the believers is based on their deeds 22. It is related from Abu Sa'id al-Khudri, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When the people of the Garden enter the Garden and the people of the Fire enter the Fire, Allah Almighty will then say, 'Bring out anyone who has the weight of a grain of mustard-seed of belief in his heart,' and they will be brought out of it, having been blackened by it. Then they will be thrown into the rain river or life (Malik has doubt about the exact word, this or that) and they will grow like a grain beside the bank of a torrent. Don't you see that it comes up yellow and twisted?" Wuhayb said that 'Amr said "life" and said "mustard-seed of good." 23. Abu Sa'id al-Khudri was heard to say that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "While I was asleep, I dreamed I saw some people who were shown to me and who were wearing shirts some of which reached to their breasts and some of which were shorter than that. 'Umar ibn al-Khattab was shown to me wearing a shirt that was trailing on the ground." They asked, "How do you interpret that, Messenger of Allah?" He said, "The deen." XIV: On modesty being part of belief 24. 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, passed by one of the men of the Ansar who was warning his brother about being too modest. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Leave him. Modesty is part of belief." XV: On Allah's words, "If they turn in repentance and establish the prayer and pay zakat, let them go on their way." (9:5) 25. Ibn 'Umar said that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "I have been commanded to fight people until they testify that there is no god but Allah and that

Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah and establish the prayer and pay the zakat. If they do that, their lives and property are protected from me except for the right of Islam, and their reckoning is up to Allah." XVI: On saying that belief lies in actions since Allah says, "That is the Garden you will inherit for what you did." (43:72) A number of the men of knowledge have said that the words of Allah, "By your Lord, We will question them all, every one of them, about what that they did!" (15:92) are about the words, "There is no god but Allah." He says: "It is for the like of this that all workers should work!" (37:61) 26. Abu Hurayra said that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was asked, "What action is the best?" He replied, "Belief in Allah and His Messenger." He was asked, "Then what?" He replied, "Jihad in the way of Allah." He was asked, "And then what?" He replied, "An accepted hajj." XVII: On when Islam is not genuine, but is on account of submission or out of fear of being killed, as in the words of Allah, "The desert Arabs say, 'We believe.' Say: 'You do not believe. Say rather, "We have become Muslim."'" (49:14) If Islam is genuine, it is based on His words, "The only deen with Allah is Islam." (3:19) 27. Sa'd [ibn Abi Waqqas], may Allah be pleased with him, said that once he was sitting with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, when the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was distributing things to a group of people. "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, left out a man whom I admired. I said, 'Messenger of Allah, what about that person? By Allah, I see him to be a believer (mu'min).' The Prophet said, 'Or just a Muslim?' I was silent for a while and then what I knew about him became too much for me and I repeated what I had said. I replied, 'What about that person? By Allah, I see him to be a believer.' He said, 'Or just a Muslim?' [I was silent for a while.] Then what I knew about him became too much for me again and I repeated what I had said and the Messenger of Allah repeated what he had said. Then he said, 'Sa'd, I give to one man [and leave out] another I love more than him out of fear that Allah might throw him on his face into the Fire.' " Yunus, Salih, Ma'mar and Ibn Akhi az-Zuhri related it from az-Zuhri. XVIII: On greeting widely being part of Islam.

'Ammar said, "Whoever possesses three characters has possessed all belief: gives other people what is due to them, gives the greeting to everyone, and spends [in the way of Allah] even when he is poor." 28. 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr said that a man asked the Messenger of Allah, "What aspect of Islam is best?" He replied, "To feed people and to greet those you know and those you do not know." XIX: On [women's] ingratitude to their husbands, and ingratitude after ingratitude. Something related by Abu Sa'id al-Khudri deals with in this subject. 29. Ibn 'Abbas said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'I was shown the Fire and most of its inhabitants were women who were practisingkufr (disbelief/ingratitude).' He was asked, 'Did they practise disbelief (kufr) in Allah?' He replied, 'They were ungrateful to their husbands and ungrateful for charity received. Even if you were always to be good to one of them and then she saw something (else) from you, she would say, "I have never had anything good from you at all!" ' " XX: On acts of disobedience being part of the Jahiliyya However, someone disobeys Allah does not become an unbeliever unless he associates others with Allah since the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said [to Abu Dharr] "You are a man who still has some of the Jahiliyya in him," and Allah Almighty says, "Allah does not forgive partners being attributed to Him but He forgives whoever He wills for anything apart from that." (4:48) 30. Al-Ma'rur said, "I met Abu Dharr at ar-Rabadha. He was wearing a cloak and his slave had a cloak on too. I asked him about this and he said, 'I was exchanging insults with a man and abused him by insulting his mother. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to me, "Abu Dharr! You abused him by insulting his mother! You are a man who still has some of the Jahiliyya in you. Your slaves are your brothers whom Allah has placed under your authority. Anyone who has authority over his brother should feed him from what he eats and clothe him from what he wears and you should not oblige his brothers to do what is too much for them. If you ask that of them, then give them a hand."'" [ar-Rabadha: a place close to Madina] XXI: "If two parties of the believers fight, make peace between them." (49:9) Allah calls them "believers". 31. Al-Ahnaf ibn Qays said, "As I was on my way to give my support to this man (i.e. 'Ali), I met Abu Bakra and he said, 'Where are you going?' He said, 'To give my support to this man.' He

said, 'Go back, for I heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, "When two Muslims fight each other with their swords, then both the killer and killed are in the Fire." I said to him, "Messenger of Allah, I can understand this with regard to the killer, but what about the murdered man?" He replied, "He wanted to kill his companion."'" XXII: On one injustice being able to be less than another injustice. 32. 'Abdullah said, "When the words of Allah were revealed, 'Those who believe and do not mix their belief with any wrongdoing,' (6:82) the Companions of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, asked, 'Who among us has not done wrong?' Then Allah revealed, 'Attributing partners to Him (shirk) is a terrible wrong.'"(31:13) XXIII: On the signs of the hypocrite 33. Abu Hurayra related that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "There are three signs of a hypocrite: whenever he speaks, he lies; whenever he makes a promise, he breaks it; and whenever he is trusted, he betrays his trust." 34. It is related from 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "If anyone has four characteristics, he is [like] a pure hypocrite, and if anyone has one of them, he has an aspect of hypocrisy until he gives it up: whenever he is trusted, he betrays his trust; whenever he speaks, he lies; when he makes an agreement, he breaks it; and when he quarrels, he deviates from the truth speaks falsely. Shu'ba corroborated with him in relating from al-A'mash. XXIV: On performing the prayer on the Night of Power being part of belief 35. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Anyone who performs prayer on the Night of Power motivated by belief and in anticipation of being rewarded will be forgiven his past wrong actions." XXV: On Jihad being part of belief 36. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Allah turns to the one who goes forth in His way, and [Allah says] 'I will repay the one who only goes forth because of his belief in Me and affirmation of My Messengers either with a reward or booty or by admitting him into the Garden.'" [The Prophet said,] "If it were not that it would be difficult for my community, I would not stay behind on any expedition. I would love to be slain in the way of Allah and then brought to life and then slain again and then brought to life and then slain again ."

XXVI: On voluntary prayers in Ramadan being part of belief 37. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Whoever prays in Ramadan motivated by belief and in expectation of the reward will be forgiven his past wrong actions." XXVII: On fasting Ramadan in expectation of reward being part of belief 38. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Whoever fasts in Ramadan motivated by belief and in anticipation of the reward will be forgiven his past wrong actions." XXVIII: On the deen (religion) being ease And the words of the Prophet, "The deen which Allah loves the most is the tolerant Hanifiyya [natural unitary belief and correct behaviour] one." 39. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The deen is easy. Whoever makes the deen too hard for himself will be overpowered, so direct yourselves to what is right, follow a middle course, accept the good news of the reward for right action, and seek help [to reach your goal by being constant in worshipping] in the morning, evening and some of the night." XXIX: On prayer being part of belief And the words of Allah, "Allah would not let your belief go to waste," (2:143) meaning your prayer at the House [which had been offered in the past towards the Masjid al-Aqsa] 40. Al-Bara' related that when the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came to Madina, he first stayed with the family of his grandfather or maternal uncle who was from the Ansar. He prayed facing Jerusalem for sixteen or seventeen months, all the time wishing that his qibla was the House. The first prayer he prayed towards the Ka'ba was the 'Asr prayer in congregation. Then one of the men who had prayed with him left and passed by some people in a mosque who were bowing in ruku'. He said, "I testify by Allah that I prayed with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, facing Makka." They immediately turned towards the House. The Jews and the People of the Book had been pleased because the Prophet was praying towards Jerusalem. When he turned towards the House, they disliked that.

Al-Bara' said that some men had died or been slain before the qibla was changed and we did not know what to say about them. Then Allah revealed, "Allah would not let your belief go to waste." (2:143) XXX: On the excellence of a man's Islam 41. Abu Sa'id al-Khudri reported that he heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, "When someone becomes Muslim and his Islam is sound, Allah wipes out all his previous evil deeds. After that the accounting is that every good deed gets ten to seven hundred like it, while every evil deed gets its equivalent unless Allah forgives it." 42. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When the Islam of any of you is sound, then each good deed he does has ten to seven hundred times the reward is written for him and every evil deed has its equivalent written for him." XXXI: On the deen which Allah loves best being that which is most constant. 43. It is related from 'A'isha that once the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came when a woman was with her. He asked, "Who is this?" She replied, "So-and-so," and told him about the amount she prayed. He said, "Stop! You must only do what you are able. By Allah, Allah does not grow weary [of giving rewards] as you grow weary, and the deen He likes best is the one in which there is constancy." XXXII: On belief increasing and decreasing And the words of Allah, "We increased them in guidance," (18:13) "So that those who believe might increase in their belief," (74:31) and "Today I have perfected your deen for you." (5:3) When something is left out of something which is perfect, then it becomes imperfect. 44. It is related from Anas that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Whoever says 'There is no god but Allah' and has a barley-corn's weight of good in his heart will come out of the Fire. Whoever says 'There is no god but Allah' and has a wheat-grain's weight of good in his heart will come out of the Fire. Whoever says 'There is no god but Allah' and has a atom's weight of good in his heart will come out of the Fire." Abu 'Abdullah said iman (belief) instead of khayr (good).

45. Once a Jewish man said to 'Umar ibn al-Khattab, "Amir al-Mu'minin! There is anayat you recite in your book which, had it been sent down to us Jews, we would have appointed that day a festival." He asked, "What is this ayat?" The Jew replied, "Today I have perfected your deen for you and completed My blessing upon you and am pleased with Islam as a deen for you." (5:3) 'Umar said, "We know the time and place it was revealed to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. He was standing at 'Arafa on a Friday." XXXIII: On zakat being part of Islam And the words of Allah, "They were only ordered to worship Allah, making their deen sincerely His as people of pure natural belief, and to establish the prayer and pay zakat that is the correct deen." (98:5) 46. Talha ibn 'Ubaydullah said that a man came to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, from the people of Najd. His hair was unkempt. The sound of his voice could be heard, but they could not understand what he said until he drew near. He was asking about Islam. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "It is five prayers a day." He asked, "Do I have to do any more?" He said, "No, unless you want to do voluntary prayers." The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, then said, "And you must fast the month of Ramadan." He asked, "Do I have to do any more?" He said, "No, unless you want to do so voluntarily." Then the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, mentioned zakat to him. He said, "Do I have to do any more?" He said, "No, unless you want to do so voluntarily." The man withdrew, saying, "By Allah, I will not do more than this nor less than this." The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "If he speaks the truth, he will have success." [i.e. he will be granted Paradise] XXXIV: On following funerals being part of belief 47. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Anyone who follows the funeral procession of a Muslim motivated by belief and in expectation of the reward and stays with it until the prayer has been said over him and his burial is over, comes back with the reward of two qirats. Each qirat is the size of Uhud. And whoever prays over him and leaves before he is buried, comes back with one qirat."

'Uthman corroborated with him. XXXV: On the believer's fear that his actions will come to nothing without his being aware of it. Ibrahim at-Taymi said, "When I compare my words with my actions, I fear that I may be called a liar." Ibn Abi Mulayka said, "I met thirty Companions of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,, and all of them were afraid of becoming hypocrites. None of them said that he had the belief of Jibril or Mika'il." Al-Hasan al-Basri said, "Only a believer is afraid and only a hypocrite feels secure." One should be wary about persisting in hypocrisy and rebellion without repenting to Allah as Allah says, "They do not knowingly persist in what they were doing." (3:135) 48. It is related from 'Abdullah that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Insulting a Muslim is going off the path (fusuq) and killing him is disbelief." 49. Anas said that 'Ubada ibn as-Samit informed him that once the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went out to tell people about the Night of Power (Laylatu'lQadr). There were two Muslim men quarrelling with one another. He said, "I came out to tell you about the Night of Power and these two here were quarrelling, and thus its knowledge was taken away. It may be that it is better for you. Seek for it on the twenty-seventh, twenty-ninth and twenty-fifth of the month." XXXVI: On Jibril asking the Prophet, Messenger of Allah about belief, Islam and Ihsan and the knowledge of the Hour and the explanation which the Prophet gave him. Then the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, saying, "Jibril came to teach you your religion (deen)." So he called all of that deen. And what the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, explained to the delegation of 'Abdu'l-Qays about belief and the words of Allah, "If anyone desires anything other than Islam as a deen, it will not be accepted from him." (3:85) 50. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went out one day to the people and Jibril came to him and asked, "What is belief?" He said, "Belief is that you believe in Allah and His angels, in the meeting with Him, and in His Messengers and that you believe in the Resurrection." Then he asked, "What is Islam?" He replied, "Islam is that you worship Allah and do not associate anything with Him, perform the prayer [perfectly], pay the obligatory poor-tax, and fast Ramadan." He asked, "What is Ihsan?" He said, "To worship Allah as if you were seeing Him. For even if you do not see Him, [be

aware that] He sees you." He asked, "When is the Last Hour?" He answered, "The one who is asked does not know more than the asker, but I will tell you its signs: when the slave-girl gives birth to her master and when the herdsmen of black camels begin to rival one another erecting in tall buildings. And there are five things which only Allah knows." Then the Prophet recited, "Truly Allah has knowledge of the Hour..." (31:34) Then the man turned away. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Call him back," but they could not see him anywhere. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "That was Jibril who came to teach people their deen." Abu 'Abdullah said, "He considered all of these things part of belief." 51. It is related from 'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas that Abu Sufyan had informed him that Heraclius had said to him, "I asked you whether they were on the increase or decrease and you claimed that they were on the increase. That is what happens with belief until it is complete. I asked you whether anyone had apostatized out of dislike for his deen after he had entered and you claimed that they had not. That is how it is with belief when its joy mixes with the hearts. No one ever dislikes it." XXXVII: On the excellence of the one who exercises prudence in his religion (deen). 52. An-Nu'man ibn Bashir was heard to say that he heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, "The halal is clear and the haram is clear. But there are doubtful things between the two about which most people have no knowledge. Whoever shows caution with regard to what is doubtful, exercises prudence in respect of his deen and his honour. Whoever gets involved in the doubtful things is like a herdsman who grazes his animals near a private preserve (hima). He is bound to enter it. Every king has a private preserve and the private preserve of Allah on His earth are the things that He has made forbidden. There is piece of flesh in the body, the nature of which is that when it is sound, the entire body is sound, and when it is corrupt, the entire body is corrupt - it is the heart." XXXVIII: On paying the khums being part of belief 53. Abu Jamra said, "I used to sit with Ibn 'Abbas and he made me sit on his bed. He said, 'Stay with me so that I can give you some of what I have.' I stayed with him for two months, and part of what he said was that when the delegation of the tribe of 'Abdu'l-Qays came to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, he asked them, 'Who (or what delegation) are you?' They replied, 'Rabi'a.' He said, 'Welcome to the people (or delegation). May you not suffer disgrace nor regret!' They said, 'Messenger of Allah! We can only come to you in the sacred months since there is a district of the unbelievers of Mudar between us and you. Give us some

clear instructions which we can convey to those we left behind and by which we may enter Paradise.' They asked him about drinks. The Prophet commanded them to do four things and forbade them to do four things. He commanded them to believe in Allah alone and asked them, 'Do you know what belief in Allah alone is?' They said, 'Allah and His Messenger know best.' He said, "To testify that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, to establish the prayers, to pay the zakat, to fast Ramadan and to pay the khums (fifth).' He forbade them four things: hantam, dubba', naqir and muzaffat or muqayyar. [different kinds of wine vessels] He said, 'Remember these and convey them to the people you left behind.' " XXXIX: On what has come about "Actions are by intentions" and "sincere expectation of reward," and "every man has what he intends." This includes belief, wudu', the prayer, zakat, hajj, fasting and ordinances. Allah's words,"Each man acts according to his nature" (17:84) , means "according to his intention". A man's spending on his family for which he hopes to be rewarded [by Allah] is sadaqa. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, ["There is no emigration after the Conquest [of Makka], but jihad and the intention." 54. It is related from 'Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Actions are but judged according to intentions. Every man has what he intends. Whoever emigrates to Allah and His Messenger, his emigration is to Allah and His Messenger. So whoever emigrates to gain something of this world or to marry a woman, his emigration is for that to which he emigrated." 55. It is related from Abu Mas'ud that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When a man spends on his family and sincerely hopes to be rewarded for it, it is sadaqa." 56. Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas said that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "You will be rewarded for whatever you spend on your family desiring by it for the sake of of Allah, even for the morsel you put in your wife's mouth." XL. On the words of the Prophet, "The deen is sincere counsel for Allah, His Messenger, the Imams of the Muslims and the common Muslims, and Allah's words, "provided they are true to Allah and His Messenger ." (9:91) 57. 'Abdullah ibn Jarir said, "I offered allegiance to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, on the condition that I would perform the prayer, pay the zakat and offer sincere counsel to every Muslim."

58. Jarir ibn 'Abdullah was heard speaking on the day when al-Mughira ibn Shu'ba died. He stood up, praised and glorified Allah, and said, "You must have fearful awareness of Allah alone who has no partner. You must demonstrate self-possession and tranquillity until a new amir arrives and he will arrive soon. Ask the forgiveness of Allah for your [previous] amir, for he used to love to pardon." Then he said, "I went to the Prophet and said, 'I give you my allegiance in Islam,' and he said I had to give sincere counsel to every Muslim, and I gave him my allegiance with that undertaking. By the Lord of this mosque, I have advised you sincerely." Then he asked for Allah's forgiveness and stepped down.

The Sahih Collection of al-Bukhari by Imam Bukhari Translated by: Ustadha Aisha Bewley
Chapter 2. The Book of Belief (Iman) I. On belief and the words of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, "Islam is based on five things." Belief is both word and action, and it increases and decreases. Allah the Almighty says,"Thus increasing their belief with more belief" (48:4) and "We increased them in guidance" (18:13) "Allah increases those who are guided with greater guidance." (19:76)"He increases in guidance those who are already guided and gives them fear of Him."(47:17) "So those who believe might increase in their belief." (74:31) "'Which of you has this increased in belief?' As for those who believe, it increases them in belief." (9:124) Allah says, 'The people have gathered against you so fear them.' But that merely increased them in belief " (3:177) Allah says, "It only increased them in faith and in submission." (33:22) Loving for the sake of Allah and hating for the sake of Allah is part of belief. 'Umar ibn 'Abdu'l-'Aziz wrote to 'Adi ibn 'Adi, "Belief includes obligations (fara'id), laws, legal limits of forbidden things (hudud), and things preferred to do (sunan). Whoever fulfills all of them has perfected his belief, and whoever does not fulfill them has not perfected his belief. If I live, I will make them clear to you so that you can act on them. If I die, however, I am not eager for your company." Ibrahim (the Prophet) said, "But so that my heart may be at peace." (2:260) Mu'adh said, "Let us sit for a time [to renew and increase our] belief." Ibn Mas'ud said, "Certainty is complete belief." Ibn 'Umar said, "A slave cannot attain to the reality of taqwa until he removes all intrigue from his breast." Mujahid said , "'Allah has laid down the deen for you' (42:13) means: 'O Muhammad! We commanded you to the same deen as We commanded him (Nuh).'" Ibn 'Abbas said explaining

the words of Allah, "shir'atan wa minjahan" (5:48) "Shir'a means sunan, the way and method, and sabil means path." "Your call" means "your belief" in the words of Allah, "Say: 'What has My Lord to do with you if you do not call on Him?'" (25:77) 8. It is related from Ibn 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,* said, "Islam is based on five: the testifying (shahada) that there is no god except Allah and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah; establishing the prayer (salat); paying the zakat (wealth-tax), the Hajj and the fast (sawm) of Ramadan. II. On matters concerning belief And the words of Allah, "It is not devoutness to turn your faces to the East or to the West. , those with true devotion are those who believe in Allah and the Last Day, the Angels, the Book and the Prophets, and who, despite their love for it, give away their wealth to their relatives and to orphans and the very poor, and to travellers and beggars and to set slaves free, and who establish the prayer and pay zakat; those who honour their contracts when they make them, and are steadfast in poverty and in illness and in battle. Those are the people who are true. They are the godfearing.." (2:177) and the words of Allah, "The believers are successful.." (23:1) 9. It was related from Abu Hurayra, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Belief has over sixty branches. Modesty is a branch of belief." III: On the Muslim being the one from whose tongue and hand the Muslims are safe. 10. It was related from 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "A Muslim is the one from whose tongue and hand the Muslims are safe. An emigrant (muhajir) is someone who abandons what Allah has forbidden." IV: On whose Islam is best. 11. Abu Musa, may Allah be pleased with him, said, "They said, 'Messenger of Allah, whose Islam is best?' He said, 'The one from whose tongue and hands the Muslims are safe.' " V: On feeding people being part of Islam 12. 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr, may Allah be pleased with him, said, "A man asked the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, 'Which aspect of Islam is best?' He said, 'Feeding people and greeting those you know and those you do not know.'" VI: On part of Islam being to want for one's brother what one wants for oneself.

13. It was related from Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "None of you can truly be said to believe until he wants for his brother what he wants for himself." VII: On love for the Messenger being part of belief 14. It was related from Abu Hurayra, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "By the One who has my life in His hand, none of you will believe until he loves me more than his father and his children." 15. It was related from Anas that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "None of you will believe until he loves me more than his father, his children and all people." VIII: On the sweetness of belief 16. It was related from Anas that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Whoever possesses three attributes will experience the sweetness of belief: that he loves Allah and His Messenger more than anything else; that he loves someone for the sake of Allah alone; and he hates reverting to disbelief as much as he would hate being thrown into a fire." IX: On love for the Ansar being a sign of belief 17. It was related from Anas that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Love for the Ansar is a sign of belief and hatred of the Ansar is a sign of hypocrisy." 18. 'Ubada ibn as-Samit, may Allah be pleased with him, who was at the Battle of Badr and was one of the leaders on the Night of 'Aqaba, said that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had a group of his Companions around him and said, "Give homage to me based on not associating anything with Allah, not stealing, not committing adultery, not killing your children, not making a false accusation of adultery which you forge yourselves and not being disobedient regarding anything good. Any among you who fulfill this will be rewarded by Allah. Any who fall short regarding any of these things and are punished in this world, that will be an expiation for them. Whoever falls short regarding any of these things and Allah conceals it, then it will be up to Allah. If He wishes, He will pardon him, and if He wishes, He will punish him." 'Ubada said, "We gave him our allegiance on those conditions." X: On fleeing from civil strife (fitan) being part of belief. 19. It was related from Abu Sa'id al-Khudri that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The time will soon come when the best property of a Muslim will be some sheep which he takes to the peaks of the mountains and to places where the rain falls, in order to flee out of the fear that his deen will be tempted." XI: On the words of the Prophet, "I am the one of you with the most knowledge of Allah." True knowledge is an action of the heart. Allah says, "He will take you to task for the intention your hearts have made." (2:225)

20. 'A'isha said that whenever the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, gave people a command, he commanded them to perform actions according to what they were able to do. They said, "Messenger of Allah! We are not like you. Allah has forgiven you your past and future wrong actions." [They wanted to do more difficult deeds.] He became angry so that anger could be seen in his face. Then he said, "I am the one among you who is the most godfearing and has the most knowledge of Allah!" XII: On part of belief being hating to revert to disbelief as much as being thrown into a fire. 21. It was related from Anas from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,"Whoever possesses three attributes will experience the sweetness of belief: whoever loves Allah and His Messenger more than anything else; whoever loves someone for the sake of Allah alone; and whoever hates reverting to disbelief as much as he would hate being thrown into a fire." XIII: Grading of the superiority of the believers is based on their deeds 22. It is related from Abu Sa'id al-Khudri, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When the people of the Garden enter the Garden and the people of the Fire enter the Fire, Allah Almighty will then say, 'Bring out anyone who has the weight of a grain of mustard-seed of belief in his heart,' and they will be brought out of it, having been blackened by it. Then they will be thrown into the rain river or life (Malik has doubt about the exact word, this or that) and they will grow like a grain beside the bank of a torrent. Don't you see that it comes up yellow and twisted?" Wuhayb said that 'Amr said "life" and said "mustard-seed of good." 23. Abu Sa'id al-Khudri was heard to say that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "While I was asleep, I dreamed I saw some people who were shown to me and who were wearing shirts some of which reached to their breasts and some of which were shorter than that. 'Umar ibn al-Khattab was shown to me wearing a shirt that was trailing on the ground." They asked, "How do you interpret that, Messenger of Allah?" He said, "The deen." XIV: On modesty being part of belief 24. 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, passed by one of the men of the Ansar who was warning his brother about being too modest. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Leave him. Modesty is part of belief." XV: On Allah's words, "If they turn in repentance and establish the prayer and pay zakat, let them go on their way." (9:5) 25. Ibn 'Umar said that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "I have been commanded to fight people until they testify that there is no god but Allah and that

Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah and establish the prayer and pay the zakat. If they do that, their lives and property are protected from me except for the right of Islam, and their reckoning is up to Allah." XVI: On saying that belief lies in actions since Allah says, "That is the Garden you will inherit for what you did." (43:72) A number of the men of knowledge have said that the words of Allah, "By your Lord, We will question them all, every one of them, about what that they did!" (15:92) are about the words, "There is no god but Allah." He says: "It is for the like of this that all workers should work!" (37:61) 26. Abu Hurayra said that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was asked, "What action is the best?" He replied, "Belief in Allah and His Messenger." He was asked, "Then what?" He replied, "Jihad in the way of Allah." He was asked, "And then what?" He replied, "An accepted hajj." XVII: On when Islam is not genuine, but is on account of submission or out of fear of being killed, as in the words of Allah, "The desert Arabs say, 'We believe.' Say: 'You do not believe. Say rather, "We have become Muslim."'" (49:14) If Islam is genuine, it is based on His words, "The only deen with Allah is Islam." (3:19) 27. Sa'd [ibn Abi Waqqas], may Allah be pleased with him, said that once he was sitting with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, when the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was distributing things to a group of people. "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, left out a man whom I admired. I said, 'Messenger of Allah, what about that person? By Allah, I see him to be a believer (mu'min).' The Prophet said, 'Or just a Muslim?' I was silent for a while and then what I knew about him became too much for me and I repeated what I had said. I replied, 'What about that person? By Allah, I see him to be a believer.' He said, 'Or just a Muslim?' [I was silent for a while.] Then what I knew about him became too much for me again and I repeated what I had said and the Messenger of Allah repeated what he had said. Then he said, 'Sa'd, I give to one man [and leave out] another I love more than him out of fear that Allah might throw him on his face into the Fire.' " Yunus, Salih, Ma'mar and Ibn Akhi az-Zuhri related it from az-Zuhri. XVIII: On greeting widely being part of Islam.

'Ammar said, "Whoever possesses three characters has possessed all belief: gives other people what is due to them, gives the greeting to everyone, and spends [in the way of Allah] even when he is poor." 28. 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr said that a man asked the Messenger of Allah, "What aspect of Islam is best?" He replied, "To feed people and to greet those you know and those you do not know." XIX: On [women's] ingratitude to their husbands, and ingratitude after ingratitude. Something related by Abu Sa'id al-Khudri deals with in this subject. 29. Ibn 'Abbas said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'I was shown the Fire and most of its inhabitants were women who were practisingkufr (disbelief/ingratitude).' He was asked, 'Did they practise disbelief (kufr) in Allah?' He replied, 'They were ungrateful to their husbands and ungrateful for charity received. Even if you were always to be good to one of them and then she saw something (else) from you, she would say, "I have never had anything good from you at all!" ' " XX: On acts of disobedience being part of the Jahiliyya However, someone disobeys Allah does not become an unbeliever unless he associates others with Allah since the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said [to Abu Dharr] "You are a man who still has some of the Jahiliyya in him," and Allah Almighty says, "Allah does not forgive partners being attributed to Him but He forgives whoever He wills for anything apart from that." (4:48) 30. Al-Ma'rur said, "I met Abu Dharr at ar-Rabadha. He was wearing a cloak and his slave had a cloak on too. I asked him about this and he said, 'I was exchanging insults with a man and abused him by insulting his mother. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to me, "Abu Dharr! You abused him by insulting his mother! You are a man who still has some of the Jahiliyya in you. Your slaves are your brothers whom Allah has placed under your authority. Anyone who has authority over his brother should feed him from what he eats and clothe him from what he wears and you should not oblige his brothers to do what is too much for them. If you ask that of them, then give them a hand."'" [ar-Rabadha: a place close to Madina] XXI: "If two parties of the believers fight, make peace between them." (49:9) Allah calls them "believers". 31. Al-Ahnaf ibn Qays said, "As I was on my way to give my support to this man (i.e. 'Ali), I met Abu Bakra and he said, 'Where are you going?' He said, 'To give my support to this man.' He

said, 'Go back, for I heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, "When two Muslims fight each other with their swords, then both the killer and killed are in the Fire." I said to him, "Messenger of Allah, I can understand this with regard to the killer, but what about the murdered man?" He replied, "He wanted to kill his companion."'" XXII: On one injustice being able to be less than another injustice. 32. 'Abdullah said, "When the words of Allah were revealed, 'Those who believe and do not mix their belief with any wrongdoing,' (6:82) the Companions of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, asked, 'Who among us has not done wrong?' Then Allah revealed, 'Attributing partners to Him (shirk) is a terrible wrong.'"(31:13) XXIII: On the signs of the hypocrite 33. Abu Hurayra related that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "There are three signs of a hypocrite: whenever he speaks, he lies; whenever he makes a promise, he breaks it; and whenever he is trusted, he betrays his trust." 34. It is related from 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "If anyone has four characteristics, he is [like] a pure hypocrite, and if anyone has one of them, he has an aspect of hypocrisy until he gives it up: whenever he is trusted, he betrays his trust; whenever he speaks, he lies; when he makes an agreement, he breaks it; and when he quarrels, he deviates from the truth speaks falsely. Shu'ba corroborated with him in relating from al-A'mash. XXIV: On performing the prayer on the Night of Power being part of belief 35. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Anyone who performs prayer on the Night of Power motivated by belief and in anticipation of being rewarded will be forgiven his past wrong actions." XXV: On Jihad being part of belief 36. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Allah turns to the one who goes forth in His way, and [Allah says] 'I will repay the one who only goes forth because of his belief in Me and affirmation of My Messengers either with a reward or booty or by admitting him into the Garden.'" [The Prophet said,] "If it were not that it would be difficult for my community, I would not stay behind on any expedition. I would love to be slain in the way of Allah and then brought to life and then slain again and then brought to life and then slain again ." XXVI: On voluntary prayers in Ramadan being part of belief 37. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Whoever prays in Ramadan motivated by belief and in expectation of the reward will be forgiven his past wrong actions."

XXVII: On fasting Ramadan in expectation of reward being part of belief 38. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Whoever fasts in Ramadan motivated by belief and in anticipation of the reward will be forgiven his past wrong actions." XXVIII: On the deen (religion) being ease And the words of the Prophet, "The deen which Allah loves the most is the tolerant Hanifiyya [natural unitary belief and correct behaviour] one." 39. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The deen is easy. Whoever makes the deen too hard for himself will be overpowered, so direct yourselves to what is right, follow a middle course, accept the good news of the reward for right action, and seek help [to reach your goal by being constant in worshipping] in the morning, evening and some of the night." XXIX: On prayer being part of belief And the words of Allah, "Allah would not let your belief go to waste," (2:143) meaning your prayer at the House [which had been offered in the past towards the Masjid al-Aqsa] 40. Al-Bara' related that when the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came to Madina, he first stayed with the family of his grandfather or maternal uncle who was from the Ansar. He prayed facing Jerusalem for sixteen or seventeen months, all the time wishing that his qibla was the House. The first prayer he prayed towards the Ka'ba was the 'Asr prayer in congregation. Then one of the men who had prayed with him left and passed by some people in a mosque who were bowing in ruku'. He said, "I testify by Allah that I prayed with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, facing Makka." They immediately turned towards the House. The Jews and the People of the Book had been pleased because the Prophet was praying towards Jerusalem. When he turned towards the House, they disliked that. Al-Bara' said that some men had died or been slain before the qibla was changed and we did not know what to say about them. Then Allah revealed, "Allah would not let your belief go to waste." (2:143) XXX: On the excellence of a man's Islam 41. Abu Sa'id al-Khudri reported that he heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, "When someone becomes Muslim and his Islam is sound, Allah wipes out all his previous evil deeds. After that the accounting is that every good deed gets ten to seven hundred like it, while every evil deed gets its equivalent unless Allah forgives it."

42. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When the Islam of any of you is sound, then each good deed he does has ten to seven hundred times the reward is written for him and every evil deed has its equivalent written for him." XXXI: On the deen which Allah loves best being that which is most constant. 43. It is related from 'A'isha that once the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came when a woman was with her. He asked, "Who is this?" She replied, "So-and-so," and told him about the amount she prayed. He said, "Stop! You must only do what you are able. By Allah, Allah does not grow weary [of giving rewards] as you grow weary, and the deen He likes best is the one in which there is constancy." XXXII: On belief increasing and decreasing And the words of Allah, "We increased them in guidance," (18:13) "So that those who believe might increase in their belief," (74:31) and "Today I have perfected your deen for you." (5:3) When something is left out of something which is perfect, then it becomes imperfect. 44. It is related from Anas that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Whoever says 'There is no god but Allah' and has a barley-corn's weight of good in his heart will come out of the Fire. Whoever says 'There is no god but Allah' and has a wheat-grain's weight of good in his heart will come out of the Fire. Whoever says 'There is no god but Allah' and has a atom's weight of good in his heart will come out of the Fire." Abu 'Abdullah said iman (belief) instead of khayr (good). 45. Once a Jewish man said to 'Umar ibn al-Khattab, "Amir al-Mu'minin! There is anayat you recite in your book which, had it been sent down to us Jews, we would have appointed that day a festival." He asked, "What is this ayat?" The Jew replied, "Today I have perfected your deen for you and completed My blessing upon you and am pleased with Islam as a deen for you." (5:3) 'Umar said, "We know the time and place it was revealed to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. He was standing at 'Arafa on a Friday." XXXIII: On zakat being part of Islam And the words of Allah, "They were only ordered to worship Allah, making their deen sincerely His as people of pure natural belief, and to establish the prayer and pay zakat that is the correct deen." (98:5) 46. Talha ibn 'Ubaydullah said that a man came to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, from the people of Najd. His hair was unkempt. The sound of his voice could be heard, but they could not understand what he said until he drew near. He was asking

about Islam. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "It is five prayers a day." He asked, "Do I have to do any more?" He said, "No, unless you want to do voluntary prayers." The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, then said, "And you must fast the month of Ramadan." He asked, "Do I have to do any more?" He said, "No, unless you want to do so voluntarily." Then the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, mentioned zakat to him. He said, "Do I have to do any more?" He said, "No, unless you want to do so voluntarily." The man withdrew, saying, "By Allah, I will not do more than this nor less than this." The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "If he speaks the truth, he will have success." [i.e. he will be granted Paradise] XXXIV: On following funerals being part of belief 47. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Anyone who follows the funeral procession of a Muslim motivated by belief and in expectation of the reward and stays with it until the prayer has been said over him and his burial is over, comes back with the reward of two qirats. Each qirat is the size of Uhud. And whoever prays over him and leaves before he is buried, comes back with one qirat." 'Uthman corroborated with him. XXXV: On the believer's fear that his actions will come to nothing without his being aware of it. Ibrahim at-Taymi said, "When I compare my words with my actions, I fear that I may be called a liar." Ibn Abi Mulayka said, "I met thirty Companions of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,, and all of them were afraid of becoming hypocrites. None of them said that he had the belief of Jibril or Mika'il." Al-Hasan al-Basri said, "Only a believer is afraid and only a hypocrite feels secure." One should be wary about persisting in hypocrisy and rebellion without repenting to Allah as Allah says, "They do not knowingly persist in what they were doing." (3:135) 48. It is related from 'Abdullah that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Insulting a Muslim is going off the path (fusuq) and killing him is disbelief." 49. Anas said that 'Ubada ibn as-Samit informed him that once the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went out to tell people about the Night of Power (Laylatu'lQadr). There were two Muslim men quarrelling with one another. He said, "I came out to tell

you about the Night of Power and these two here were quarrelling, and thus its knowledge was taken away. It may be that it is better for you. Seek for it on the twenty-seventh, twenty-ninth and twenty-fifth of the month." XXXVI: On Jibril asking the Prophet, Messenger of Allah about belief, Islam and Ihsan and the knowledge of the Hour and the explanation which the Prophet gave him. Then the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, saying, "Jibril came to teach you your religion (deen)." So he called all of that deen. And what the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, explained to the delegation of 'Abdu'l-Qays about belief and the words of Allah, "If anyone desires anything other than Islam as a deen, it will not be accepted from him." (3:85) 50. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went out one day to the people and Jibril came to him and asked, "What is belief?" He said, "Belief is that you believe in Allah and His angels, in the meeting with Him, and in His Messengers and that you believe in the Resurrection." Then he asked, "What is Islam?" He replied, "Islam is that you worship Allah and do not associate anything with Him, perform the prayer [perfectly], pay the obligatory poor-tax, and fast Ramadan." He asked, "What is Ihsan?" He said, "To worship Allah as if you were seeing Him. For even if you do not see Him, [be aware that] He sees you." He asked, "When is the Last Hour?" He answered, "The one who is asked does not know more than the asker, but I will tell you its signs: when the slave-girl gives birth to her master and when the herdsmen of black camels begin to rival one another erecting in tall buildings. And there are five things which only Allah knows." Then the Prophet recited, "Truly Allah has knowledge of the Hour..." (31:34) Then the man turned away. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Call him back," but they could not see him anywhere. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "That was Jibril who came to teach people their deen." Abu 'Abdullah said, "He considered all of these things part of belief." 51. It is related from 'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas that Abu Sufyan had informed him that Heraclius had said to him, "I asked you whether they were on the increase or decrease and you claimed that they were on the increase. That is what happens with belief until it is complete. I asked you whether anyone had apostatized out of dislike for his deen after he had entered and you claimed that they had not. That is how it is with belief when its joy mixes with the hearts. No one ever dislikes it." XXXVII: On the excellence of the one who exercises prudence in his religion (deen). 52. An-Nu'man ibn Bashir was heard to say that he heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, "The halal is clear and the haram is clear. But there are

doubtful things between the two about which most people have no knowledge. Whoever shows caution with regard to what is doubtful, exercises prudence in respect of his deen and his honour. Whoever gets involved in the doubtful things is like a herdsman who grazes his animals near a private preserve (hima). He is bound to enter it. Every king has a private preserve and the private preserve of Allah on His earth are the things that He has made forbidden. There is piece of flesh in the body, the nature of which is that when it is sound, the entire body is sound, and when it is corrupt, the entire body is corrupt - it is the heart." XXXVIII: On paying the khums being part of belief 53. Abu Jamra said, "I used to sit with Ibn 'Abbas and he made me sit on his bed. He said, 'Stay with me so that I can give you some of what I have.' I stayed with him for two months, and part of what he said was that when the delegation of the tribe of 'Abdu'l-Qays came to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, he asked them, 'Who (or what delegation) are you?' They replied, 'Rabi'a.' He said, 'Welcome to the people (or delegation). May you not suffer disgrace nor regret!' They said, 'Messenger of Allah! We can only come to you in the sacred months since there is a district of the unbelievers of Mudar between us and you. Give us some clear instructions which we can convey to those we left behind and by which we may enter Paradise.' They asked him about drinks. The Prophet commanded them to do four things and forbade them to do four things. He commanded them to believe in Allah alone and asked them, 'Do you know what belief in Allah alone is?' They said, 'Allah and His Messenger know best.' He said, "To testify that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, to establish the prayers, to pay the zakat, to fast Ramadan and to pay the khums (fifth).' He forbade them four things: hantam, dubba', naqir and muzaffat or muqayyar. [different kinds of wine vessels] He said, 'Remember these and convey them to the people you left behind.' " XXXIX: On what has come about "Actions are by intentions" and "sincere expectation of reward," and "every man has what he intends." This includes belief, wudu', the prayer, zakat, hajj, fasting and ordinances. Allah's words,"Each man acts according to his nature" (17:84) , means "according to his intention". A man's spending on his family for which he hopes to be rewarded [by Allah] is sadaqa. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, ["There is no emigration after the Conquest [of Makka], but jihad and the intention." 54. It is related from 'Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Actions are but judged according to intentions. Every man has what he intends. Whoever emigrates to Allah and His Messenger, his emigration is to Allah and His Messenger. So whoever emigrates to gain something of this world or to marry a woman, his emigration is for that to which he emigrated."

55. It is related from Abu Mas'ud that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When a man spends on his family and sincerely hopes to be rewarded for it, it is sadaqa." 56. Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas said that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "You will be rewarded for whatever you spend on your family desiring by it for the sake of of Allah, even for the morsel you put in your wife's mouth." XL. On the words of the Prophet, "The deen is sincere counsel for Allah, His Messenger, the Imams of the Muslims and the common Muslims, and Allah's words, "provided they are true to Allah and His Messenger ." (9:91) 57. 'Abdullah ibn Jarir said, "I offered allegiance to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, on the condition that I would perform the prayer, pay the zakat and offer sincere counsel to every Muslim." 58. Jarir ibn 'Abdullah was heard speaking on the day when al-Mughira ibn Shu'ba died. He stood up, praised and glorified Allah, and said, "You must have fearful awareness of Allah alone who has no partner. You must demonstrate self-possession and tranquillity until a new amir arrives and he will arrive soon. Ask the forgiveness of Allah for your [previous] amir, for he used to love to pardon." Then he said, "I went to the Prophet and said, 'I give you my allegiance in Islam,' and he said I had to give sincere counsel to every Muslim, and I gave him my allegiance with that undertaking. By the Lord of this mosque, I have advised you sincerely." Then he asked for Allah's forgiveness and stepped down.

The Sahih Collection of al-Bukhari by Imam Bukhari Translated by: Ustadha Aisha Bewley
Chapter 3: The Book of Knowledge I: The excellence of knowledge And the words of Allah, "Allah will raise in rank those of you who believe and those who have been given knowledge," (58:11) and "Say: 'Lord, increase me in knowledge.'"(20:114) II: On the one who is asked for knowledge while he is engaged in a conversation and then finishes his conversation before answering the question 59. Abu Hurayra said that once, while the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was in an assembly talking to the people, a Bedouin came and asked, "When is the Last Hour?" The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, continued talking upon which some people said that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had heard what the man had said and disliked it while others said that he had simply not heard it. When the Messenger of Allah had finished what he was saying, he said, "Where is the person who asked about the Hour?" He said, "Here I am, Messenger of Allah." The Prophet said, "When trustworthiness has been lost, then expect the Hour." The Bedouin said, "How will it be lost?" The Prophet replied, "When authority lies with other than those who should rightfully have it, then expect the Hour." III: On the one who raises his voice while imparting knowledge 60. 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr said, "The Prophet lagged behind us on a journey. We went on and he joined us when we were late for the prayer and were doing wudu'. We were wiping our feet [i.e. not washing properly] and he called out in a loud voice, 'Woe to the heels from the Fire!' two or three times." IV: On the words of the narrator, "he related to us" (haddathana), "he informed us" (akhbarana) or "he told us" (anbana). etc. Al-Humaydi said to us, "According to Ibn 'Uyayna, haddathana, akhbarana, anbana and sami'tu are all equally valid." Ibn Mas'ud said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, related to us (haddathana) and he was the most truthful of the truthful..." Shaqiq ibn 'Abdullah said, "I heard (sami'tu) the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say..." Hudhayfa said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, narrated to us (haddathana) two hadiths..." Abu 'Aliya said on the authority of Ibn 'Abbas on the authority of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, in what he recounted

from his Lord..." Anas said, "On the authority of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, who recounted it from his Lord..." Abu Hurayra said, "On the authority of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, who recounted it from your Lord." 61. It is related from Ibn 'Umar that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "There is a tree whose leaves do not fall which is like the Muslim. Tell me what it is." The people thought about the trees of the desert and 'Abdullah said, "It occurred to me that it was the date-palm, but I was too shy to answer. Then they said, 'Tell us what it is, Messenger of Allah.' He said, 'It is the date-palm.'" V: On the Imam directing questions to his companions to test their knowledge 62. It is related from Ibn 'Umar that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "There is a tree whose leaves do not fall which is like the Muslim. Tell me what it is." The people thought about the trees of the desert and 'Abdullah said, "It occurred to me that it was the date-palm. Then they said, 'Tell us what it is, Messenger of Allah.' He said, 'It is the date-palm.'" VI: On what has come about knowledge and the words of Allah, "Say: Lord, increase me in knowledge." (20:114) On the reading (qira') of the teacher and reading ('ard) to the teacher [which is preferred]. The opinion of al-Hasan, ath-Thawri and Malik that reading of the teacher is permitted. Abu 'Abdullah saying, "I heard Abu 'Asim mention from Sufyan ath-Thawri and Imam Malik that they thought that the reading of the teacher and the teacher listening to his students reading were both permitted." 'Ubaydullah ibn Musa narrated to us that Sufyan said, "If someone reads to the teacher, there is nothing wrong if he says [when narrating this to others] 'He narrated to me (haddathana)' or 'I heard'." Some of them use as an argument for reading out to the scholar what Dimam ibn Tha'laba said to the Prophet, "Did Allah command you to pray five prayers?" He said, "Yes." He says that this was reading out to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. Malik uses as evidence the reading of a record to people who then say, "We testify to such-and-such." That is read to them, and the reader says, "So-and-so to me." Al-Hasan said, "There is nothing wrong in reading out the hadith to the scholar." Sufyan said, "If someone reads to the teacher, there is nothing wrong if he says, 'He narrated to me (haddathana)'. And I [al-Bukhari] heard 'Asim say from Malik and Sufyan that reading to the teacher and his own reading are of equal value.

63. Anas ibn Malik said, "Once when we were sitting with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, in the mosque, a man came up riding a camel. He made his camel kneel in the mosque and then hobbled it. He said, 'Who among you is Muhammad?' The Prophet*, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,was reclining among us. We said, 'The white man who is reclining.' The man said to him, 'Son of 'Abdu'l-Muttalib.' The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to him, 'I answered your question (i.e. I heard you).' The man said to the Prophet*, 'I will question you and will be hard on you in the questioning, so do not be cross with me.' He said, 'Ask whatever you like.' He said, 'I ask you by your Lord and the Lord of those before you, has Allah sent you to all people?' He replied, 'By Allah, yes.' He said, 'I ask you by Allah, did Allah command you to pray five prayers a day?' He replied, 'Yes.' He said, 'I ask you by Allah, did Allah command you to fast this one month of the year?' He replied, 'By Allah, yes!' He said, 'I ask you by Allah, did Allah command you to take this zakat from the rich people among us and divide it among our poor?' The Prophet said, 'By Allah, yes!' Then the man said, 'I have accepted the truth of what you have brought and I am a messenger for those I left behind of my people. I am Dimam ibn Tha'laba, of the brothers of Banu Sa'd ibn Bakr.'" VII: On what is said about hand-to-hand exchange and the people of knowledge sending knowledge in writing to different countries. Anas said that 'Uthman had the copies of the Qur'an copied and sent them to far-off areas. 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar, Yahya ibn Sa'id and Malik considered the exchange of books by scholars permissible and some people of the Hijaz argued for it on the basis of a hadith of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, in which he wrote a letter to a commander of an expedition, saying, "Do not read it until you reach a certain place." When he reached that place, he read it to the people and told them the orders of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. 64. 'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas reported that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, sent a letter to a man and commanded him to give it to the governor of Bahrayn and the governor of Bahrayn gave it to Chosroes. When he read the letter and tore it up. Ibn Shihab reckoned that Ibn al-Musayyab said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, put a curse on them that they would be torn to pieces." 65. Anas ibn Malik said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, wrote a letter or wanted to write one. He was told that they would not read letters unless they were sealed. So he took a signet-ring of silver engraved with, 'Muhammad, Messenger of Allah.' It is as if I were looking at its whiteness on his hand."

I asked Qatada, "Who said that it was engraved with 'Muhammad, Messenger of Allah.'" He replied, "Anas." VIII: On someone who sat at the edge of the assembly, and someone who found a place in the gathering and sat in it. 66. It is related from Abu Waqid al-Laythi that once when the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was sitting in the mosque with some people, three people arrived. Two of them came up to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and the other left. The two stood before the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. One of them saw a place in the gathering and sat in it. Another sat behind the assembly. The third turned around and left. When the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, finished, he said, "Shall I tell you about those three people? One of them betook himself to Allah and so Allah took him in His mercy. The second was shy to vause overcrowding and so Allah was shy with him [so He would not punish him]. The other turned away, so Allah turned away [His mercy] from him." IX: On the words of the Prophet, "Many a person to whom something is conveyed may retain it better than the one who heard it." 67. Abu Bakra mentioned that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was sitting on his camel and a man was holding its rein or halter. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, asked, "What day is this?" We were silent, thinking that he might change its name. He said, "Is this not the Day of Sacrifice?" We said, "Indeed." He said, "What month is this?" We were silent, thinking that he might change its name. He said, "Is this not Dhu'l-Hijja?" We said, "Yes." He said, "Your blood, your property and your honour are sacred to you, like the sacredness of this day in this month in this city. Let the one who is present convey to the one who is absent. Perhaps the one to whom it is conveyed will retain it better the present one." X. On knowledge [is preconditional] before speaking and action according to the words of Allah, "Know then that there is no god but Allah," (47:19) where He begins with knowledge. The people of knowledge are the heirs of the Prophets and and they inherit knowledge. The one who takes knowledge is taking an ample share. And if someone travels a path in quest of knowledge, Allah will make his path to the Garden easy. Allah says, "Only His slaves who have knowledge fear Allah," (35:28) and "Only those with knowledge will understand it," (29:43) and "They will say, 'If only we had really listened used our minds, we would not have been the Companions of the Blaze." (67:10) and "Are they equal: those who know and those who do not know?" (39:9)

The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "If Allah desires good for someone, He gives him understanding in the deen. Knowledge is gained by learning." Abu Dharr pointed to his neck and said, "If you were to put the sword here and I thought that I could finish one sentence which I heard from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, before you finished me, I would say it." Ibn 'Abbas said [in the tafsir of 3:79], "Be people of religious knowledge (rabbaniyun), people of forbearance and fiqh." It is said that the rabbani is the one who instructs people with simple knowledge before deeper knowledge. XI: On the Prophet being careful about giving people admonition and knowledge so that they would not feel aversion to it. 68. Ibn Mas'ud said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to be careful to give us admonition on particular days, not wanting it to become boring for us." 69. Anas ibn Malik related that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Make things easy for people and do not make them difficult. Give good news to people and do not make them feel aversion." XII: On the one who appointed fixed days for the people desiring knowledge. 70. Abu Wa'il said, "'Abdullah used to remind the people every Thursday. Once a man said to him, 'Abu 'Abdu'r-Rahman! I wish you would remind us every day!' He said, 'That which prevents me from doing that is that I do not want to bore you and I pay particular care and attention to using admonition as did the Prophet out of the fear that we might become bored.'" XIII: When Allah desires good for someone, He gives him correct understanding in the deen 71. Mu'awiya was heard to say in a khutba, "I heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, 'When Allah desires good for someone, He gives him correct understanding in the deen. I am an even-handed distributor, but it is Allah who gives. This community will remain straight following the command of its Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and will not be harmed by those who oppose it until the command of Allah comes." XIV: On understanding in knowledge 72. Mujahid said, "I accompanied Ibn 'Umar to Madina and only heard him relate one hadith from the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. He said, 'We were with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, when the spadix of a datepalm was brought to him. He said, "There is a tree which is like the Muslim." I wanted to say that it was the palm-tree, but I was the youngest of the people so I kept silent. The Prophet said, "It is the palm-tree."'" XV: On desire for having knowledge and wisdom like others. 'Umar said, "Seek fiqh before you become a chief."

Abu 'Abdullah said, "The Companions of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, studied even though they were old." 73. 'Abdullah ibn Mas'ud was heard to say that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "You can only have envy for two things: for a man to whom Allah has given wealth which he spends for the truth, and for a man to whom Allah has given wisdom and he acts by it and teaches it." XVI: On what is mentioned about Musa's journey on the sea to meet al-Khidr And the words of Allah, "May I follow you on condition that you teach me some of the right guidance which you have been taught?" (18:66) 74. Ibn 'Abbas transmitted that he and Hurr ibn Qays ibn Hisn al-Fazari argued about Musa's companion. Ibn 'Abbas said that it was Khidr. Ubayy ibn Ka'b passed by them and Ibn 'Abbas called him over and said, "My companion and I are arguing about the companion of Musa whom Musa asked to meet. Did you hear the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, mention him?" He said, "Yes, I heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, 'While Musa was in a gathering of the Banu Isra'il, a man came to him and said, "Do you know of anyone who has more knowledge than you?" Musa said that he did not and then Allah revealed to Musa, "Indeed, Our slave Khidr has." Musa asked the way to find him and Allah gave him the fish as a sign and told Musa that wherever the fish was lost, he should return to that place and he would find Khidr there. He followed the track of the fish into the sea. Then Musa's servant said to him, "Do you see what has happened? When we went to find shelter at the rock, I forgot the fish. No one made me forget to remember it except Shaytan." [Musa said,] "This is the very thing that we were looking for!" So, following their footsteps, they retraced their route.' Then they found Khidr. [What happened further] Allah relates their affair in His Book.'" XVII: On the words of the Prophet, "O Allah! Teach him the Book!" 75. It is related that Ibn 'Abbas said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, embraced me and said, 'O Allah! Teach him the Book!'" XVIII: On the proper age for a child to learn hadith 76. It is related from 'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas, "Once I was riding a she-donkey and had just that day reached puberty. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was praying at Mina and there was no wall in front of him. I passed in front of some of the rows and let the she-ass graze. I joined the row, and no one objected to what I did." 77. Mahmud ibn Rabi'a said, "When I was five years old, I recall the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, spat a mouthful of water from a bucket into my face."

XIX: On going out in search of knowledge. Jabir ibn 'Abdullah travelled for a month to get a single hadith from 'Abdullah ibn Unays. 78. It is related from Ibn 'Abbas that he and al-Hurr ibn Qays ibn Hisn al-Fazari argued about Musa's companion. Ubayy ibn Ka'b passed by them and Ibn 'Abbas called him over and said, "My companion and I are arguing about the companion of Musa whom Musa asked to meet. Did you hear the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, mention him?" Ubayy said, "Yes, I heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, 'While Musa was in a gathering of the Banu Isra'il, a man came to him and said, "Do you know of anyone who has more knowledge than you?" Musa said that he did not and then Allah revealed to Musa, "Indeed, Our slave Khidr has." Musa asked the way to find him and Allah gave him the fish as a sign and told Musa, "Wherever you lose the fish, you should return to that place and you will find Khidr there." Musa followed the track of the fish into the sea. Then Musa's servant said to him,"Do you see what has happened? When we went to find shelter at the rock, I forgot the fish. No one made me forget to remember it except Shaytan." [Musa said,] "This is the very thing that we were looking for!" So, following their footsteps, they retraced their route.' Then they found Khidr. [What happened further] Allah relates their affair in His Book.'". XX: On the excellence of someone who learns and teaches 79. Abu Musa narrated that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The example of the guidance and knowledge with which Allah has sent me is like the abundant rain which strikes the earth. Some of it is fertile and accepts the water and brings forth plants and grass in abundance. Some of it is hard and holds the water enabling Allah to let people use it. They drink from it, water their animals and irrigate. Some of the land it strikes is level and barren and does not retain the water nor produce plants. The first is the example of someone who understands the deen of Allah and benefits from that with which Allah has sent me and learns and teaches. The last is the example of the person who pays no attention to it for the sake of the Prophet and does not accept the guidance with which I have been sent." Abu 'Abdullah said, "Some of it on which water falls is level and the water rises over it when the ground is level and smooth." XXI: On the disappearance of knowledge and appearance of ignorance. Rabi'a said, "The person who has some knowledge should not waste himself [by abstaining from teaching it to others]"

80. It is related from Anas that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Among the signs of the Hour are the disappearance of knowledge, the establishment of ignorance, the drinking of wine and the appearance of fornication." 81. Anas said, "I am relating a hadith to you which no one after me will relate to you. I heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, 'Among the signs of the Hour are that knowledge becomes negligible, ignorance appears, fornication appears, and there are many women and few men so that one man has to look after fifty women.'" XXII: On the excellence of knowledge 82. Ibn 'Umar related that he heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, "While I was asleep, I dreamt that I was brought a goblet of milk and I drank until I could feel moisture coming out of my nails and then I gave what was left to 'Umar ibn alKhattab." They asked, "How do you interpret it, Messenger of Allah?" He replied, "It means knowledge." XXIII: On giving fatwa while sitting on a stationary animal or standing on something else 83. It is related from 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr ibn al-'As that during the Farewell Hajj, the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, stopped at Mina for the people to ask him questions. A man came to him and said, "I inadvertently had my hair cut before I sacrificed." He said, "Sacrifice. There is no harm done." Another man came said, "I inadvertently slaughtered before I threw the stones." He said, "Throw them. There is no harm done." Everything that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was asked about before or after its time, he replied, "Do it, and there is no harm done." XXIV: On the one who answers a fatwa by pointing with his hand or nodding 84. It is related from Ibn 'Abbas that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was asked in his final Hajj, "I slaughtered before I did the stoning." He indicated with his hand and said, "There is no harm done." Someone said, "I shaved before I sacrificed." He indicated with his hand, "There is no harm done." 85. Abu Hurayra was heard to say from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,, "Knowledge will be taken away, and ignorance and sedition will appear, and there will be a lot of harj." He was asked, "Messenger of Allah, what is harj?" He used his hand to indicate killing. 86. It is related that Asma' said, "I came to 'A'isha while she was praying and asked, 'What is wrong with people?' She pointed to the sky.* The people were standing (in prayer) She said, 'Glory be to Allah!' I said, 'A sign?' She indicated with her head that it was and I too then stood to pray until I nearly fainted. I began to pour water on my head. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, praised and glorified Allah and then said, 'Anything which I have not seen earlier I saw just now during my standing, even the Garden and the Fire. It was revealed to me that you will be tested in your graves like - or nearly like - [I do not know which Asma' said]

the test of the False Messiah. You will be asked, 'What do you know of this man?'[i.e. the Prophet] The believer - or the one who is certain - I do not know which Asma' said - will say, 'He is Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah who brought us the clear signs and guidance. So we responded to him and followed him. He is Muhammad.' He will repeat it three times. Then he will be told, 'Sleep, O virtuous one! We know that you believed in him.' As for the hypocrite or the doubter -I do not know which Asma' said - he will say, 'I do not know. I heard people saying something and so I said it too.'" * This hadith refers to the prayer performed on the occasion of the eclipse of the sun. XXV: On the Prophet urging the delegation of 'Abdu'l-Qays to safeguard their belief and knowledge and to inform those they left behind. Malik ibn al-Huwayrith said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, told us, 'Return to your people and teach them.'" 87. Abu Jamra said, "I used to act as translator between the people and Ibn 'Abbas. Ibn 'Abbas said, 'The delegation of 'Abdu'l-Qays came to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and he said, 'Who (or what delegation) are you?' They replied, 'Rabi'a.' He said, 'Welcome to the people (or delegation). May you not suffer disgrace nor regret!' They said, 'We come to you from along journey and there is a district of the unbelievers of Mudar between us and you. We can only come to you in the sacred month Give us some clear instructions which we can convey to those we left behind and by which we may enter Paradise.' The Prophet commanded them to do four things and forbade them to do four things. He commanded them to believe in Allah, the Mighty and Exalted, alone and asked them, 'Do you know what belief in Allah alone is?' They said, 'Allah and His Messenger know best.' He said, "To testify that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, to establish the prayers, to pay the zakat, to fast Ramadan and to pay the khums (fifth).' He forbade them four things: dubba', hantam, and muzaffat. Shu'ba said, "He may have said naqir. or muqayyar. [different kinds of wine vessels] He said, 'Remember these and convey them to the people you left behind.'" XXVI: On travelling to seek an answer to a problem and to teach one's family 88. 'Abdullah ibn Abi Mulayka narrated that 'Uqba ibn al-Harith married a daughter of Abu Ihab ibn 'Aziz. Later a woman came to him and said, "I nursed both 'Uqba and the one he married." 'Uqba said to her, "I did not know that you nursed me and you did not tell me." So he travelled to the Messenger of Allah in Madina and asked him and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "How can you keep her when that has been said?" So 'Uqba separated from her and she married another man. XXVII: On seeking in knowledge in turns

89. 'Umar said, "I and a neighbour of mine from the Ansar were in the Banu Umayya ibn Zayd which is part of the 'Awali area of Madina. We used to take it in turns to visit the Messenger of Allah. He would go one day and I would go the next. When I went, I would bring him the news of that day regarding revelation and other things. When he went, he did the same. Once, on a day when it was his turn, my Ansari friend banged loudly on my door and said, 'Is he here?' I was alarmed and came out to him. He said, 'Something terrible has happened. I went to Hafsa and found her weeping. I asked, "Has the Messenger of Allah divorced you all?" She said, "I do not know." Then I went to the Prophet and asked while I was standing, "Have you divorced your wives?" He said, "No." I said, "Allahu Akbar (Allah is greater)!"'" [The 'Awali area refers to villages on the east of Madina and close to it.] XXVIII: On expressing anger in admonition and instruction when one sees something one dislikes 90. Abu Mas'ud al-Ansari related, saying, "A man said, 'Messenger of Allah, I am on the point of not attending the prayer because so-and-so makes it too long for us.'" [Abu Mas'ud al-Ansari said,] "I have never seen the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, more furious in admonishment than he was on that day. He said, 'O people! Some of you make people averse! Whoever leads the people in the prayer should make it shorter because among them some people are ill, weak, or need to do something.' " 91. Zayd ibn Khalid al-Juhani related, saying, "A man asked the Prophet about finding a lost article. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Note the details of its container and secure it and publicize it for a year. Then make use of it, but give it to its owner if he comes.' Then the man asked about a lost camel and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, became so angry that his cheeks became red. He said, 'It has nothing to do with you. It has its water and its feet and it will find water and graze from the trees until its owner finds it.' Then he asked about a lost sheep and he said, 'It is for you, your brother or the wolf.' " 92. Abu Musa related, saying, "The Prophet*, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,was asked about things which he disliked. When there was too much insistence, he became angry and said to the people, 'Ask about whatever you want.' A man asked, 'Who is my father?' He replied, 'Your father is Hudhafa.' Then another man got up and asked, 'Who is my father, Messenger of Allah?' He said, 'Your father is Salim, the mawla of Shayba.' When 'Umar saw the anger in his face, he said, 'O Messenger of Allah, we repent to Allah!'" XXIX: On kneeling before an Imam or hadith-teacher 93. Anas ibn Malik reported that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came out and 'Abdullah ibn Hudhafa stood up and said, "Who is my father?" He said, "Your father is Hudhafa." Then he repeated, "Ask me!" Then 'Umar knelt down and said, "We

are pleased with Allah as Lord and Islam as deen and Muhammad as our Prophet." Then the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, became silent. XXX: On someone repeating a hadith three times so that it is understood He said, "Do not tell a lie," and kept on repeating it. Ibn 'Umar said that the Prophet asked three times, "Have I conveyed it?" 94. Anas reported that whenever the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,greeted, he did it three times, and when he said something, he would repeat it three times. 95. Anas reported that the whenever the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said something, he said it three times so that it was understood. When he came to a people to greet them, he would greet them three times. 96. It is related that 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr said, "The Prophet lagged behind us on a journey. He joined us when we were late for the 'Asr prayer and were doing wudu'. We were wiping our feet [i.e. not washing properly] and he called out in a loud voice, 'Woe to the heels from the Fire!' two or three times." XXXI: On a man teaching his slave-girl and family 97. Abu Burda's father narrated that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Three people will have a double reward: a man of the People of the Book who believes both in his Prophet and in Muhammad, a slave who fulfills his duty to both Allah and his master, and a man who has a slave-girl whom he teaches adab (i.e. good manners) so that she has good adab and educated her in the best possible way and then frees her and marries her. He has two rewards." Abu 'Amr then said, "We have given it to you for nothing." He rode after that to Madina. XXXII: On the Imam admonishing and teaching women 98. Ibn 'Abbas said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came out with Bilal, thinking that the women had not heard. So he warned them and commanded them to give sadaqa. So a woman began to give her ear-rings and rings and Bilal collected them in a corner of his garment." Isma'il reported from Ayyub from 'Ata' that Ibn 'Abbas said, "I witnessed the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace." XXXIII: On eagerness for hadith [learning] 99. It is related that Abu Hurayra said, "I asked, 'Messenger of Allah, who will be the person happiest with your intercession on the Day of Rising?' The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Abu Hurayra, I think that none would ask about this before you

since I know your eagerness for hadith [learning]. The person happiest with my intercession on the Day of Rising will be the one who says: "There is no god but Allah" sincerely from his heart or his soul.'" XXXIV: On the way knowledge will be taken away 'Umar ibn 'Abdu'l-'Aziz wrote to Abu Bakr ibn Hazm, "Seek out the existing hadiths of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and then write them down. I am afraid that knowledge will vanish and the men of knowledge will depart. Only the hadiths of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, would be accepted. Circulate knowledge and sit [and teach] so that the one who does not know will learn. Knowledge only perishes when it is kept secret." 'Abdullah ibn Dinar has related the same up to "the men of knowledge will depart." 100. 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr ibn al-'As said, "I heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,say, 'Allah will not take away knowledge from His servants, but knowledge will be taken away as the men of knowledge are taken away until there is not a single man of knowledge left. Then people will take ignorant men for their leaders who will be asked something and give a fatwa (decision) without any knowledge. They will go astray and lead others astray.' " XXXV: On whether a day should be fixed for women on their own to seek knowledge? 101. Abu Sa'id al-Khudri related, "The women said to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, 'The men take more of your time than we do, so appoint us a day with you. He appointed a day for them in which he met them and admonished and commanded them. One of the things the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to them was, 'If any woman among you has three of her children predecease her, it will be a shield for her from the Fire.' One woman asked, 'And if it is two?' He said, "Even if it is two.'" 102. The same with a different isnad. The same as above, but with the addition "if they have not yet reached puberty." XXXVI: On someone hearing something and asking for it again until he completely understands it. 103. Ibn Abi Mulayka related that whenever 'A'isha, the wife of the Prophet, heard something and did not understand it, she would ask again until she had grasped it. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Whoever is given his reckoning will be punished." 'A'isha said, "Doesn't Allah say, 'He will be given an easy reckoning'?" (84:8) The Prophet, may Allah

bless him and grant him peace, said, "That is the simple presentation, but whoever has his account scrutinized will be destroyed.' " XXXVII: On the obligation of the one present to convey knowledge to the one absent as quoted by Ibn 'Abbas from the Prophet 104. Abu Shurayh said to 'Amr ibn Sa'id when he was sending his troops to Makka, "O Amir! Let me tell you what the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said on the day after the Conquest of Makka which I heard with my own ears and grasped with my heart and my eyes saw him when he uttered it. He praised and glorified Allah and then said, 'Makka was made a sanctuary by Allah and not by people. So it is not lawful for anyone who believes in Allah and the Last Day to shed blood in it or cut down a tree in it. If anyone allows it because the Prophet fought in it, then say that Allah gave His Messenger permission and he did not give you permission. I was only given permission in it for a single hour of one day, and now its sanctity has reverted to what it was previously. Let the one who is present convey to the one who absent.' " Abu Shurayh was asked, "What did 'Amr say?" He said that 'Amr said, "I know better than you, Abu Shurayh. It does not give refuge to one who rebels, to anyone who sheds blood or steals." 105. Abu Bakr mentioned that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Your blood, your property [and he reckons that he said, "Your honour"] are sacred, like the sacredness of this day in this month in this city. Let the one who is present convey to the one who is absent." Muhammad (the narrator) said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, spoke the truth and it was so: 'Have I not conveyed it?' He said it twice." XXXVIII: On the wrong action of the one who lies and falsely ascribes to the Prophet 106. 'Ali related that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Do not tell lies about me. Whoever falsely attributes a statement to me will enter the Fire." 107. 'Abdullah ibn az-Zubayr said to his father, "I do not hear you relating hadith from the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, as I heard so-and-so and so-andso relate them." He said, "I was always with him, but I heard him say, 'Whoever falsely attributes a hadith to me should take his seat in the Fire.'" 108. Anas said, "The thing that prevents me from relating many hadiths is that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Whoever deliberately falsely attributes a hadith to me would take his seat in the Fire.' " 109. Salama said, "I heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, 'Whoever says that I said what I did not say will take his seat in the Fire.'" 110. Abu Hurayra related that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Name yourselves with my name, but do not use my kunya. Whoever sees me in a dream has truly seen me. Shaytan does not take on my form. Whoever deliberately tells a lie about me will take his seat in the Fire."

XXXIX: On writing down knowledge 111. Abu Juhayfa said, "I asked 'Ali, 'Do you have anything in writing?' He said, 'No, only the Book of Allah or the understanding which a Muslim man has been given or what is in this booklet.' I asked, 'What is in this booklet?' He replied, 'The blood-wit, the ransom of captives and that a Muslim is not to be killed in retaliation for an unbeliever.'" 112. It is related from Abu Hurayra is that the people of Khuza'a killed a man from the Banu Layth in the year of the Conquest of Makka in retaliation for one of them that they had killed. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was informed of that and therefore mounted his she-camel and gave a speech, saying, "Allah saved Makka from slaughter - or from the Elephant, but Allah gave the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and the believers power over it. It was not lawful to anyone before me and will not be lawful for anyone after me. It was only lawful for me for one hour of one day. Now it is again unlawful. Its thorns are not to be uprooted nor its trees cut nor any fallen things picked up in it except by someone who announces it. If someone is killed, then there is a choice between taking blood money or allowing the people of the murdered man to take retaliation." A man from Yemen came and said, "Write this for me, Messenger of Allah!" He said that it should be written for Abu so-and-so [i.e. for the man who asked.] Then a man from Quraysh said, "Except for the cutting of idhkhar herb, Messenger of Allah, that we put in our houses and graves!" The Prophet said, "Except for the idhkhar herb, except for the idhkhar herb." Abu 'Abdullah was asked, "What was written for him?" He replied, "This letter." 113. Abu Hurayra said, "Among the Companions of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, no one has more hadiths than I except for 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr. He used to write them down which I did not do." Ma'mar corroborated with him. 114. Ibn 'Abbas said, "When the Prophet's pain became intense, he said, 'Bring me some sheets so that I may write a document for you after which you will never go astray." 'Umar said, 'The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, is overcome by pain. We have the Book of Allah and that is enough for us.' There was a disagreement and a lot of noise. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Leave me and do not quarrel in my presence." Ibn 'Abbas came out from where he was when this happened, saying, "A disaster, a complete disaster that stopped the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, from writing down."

XL: On teaching knowledge and admonition at night 115. Umm Salama said, "One night the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,woke up and said, 'Glory be to Allah! How many afflictions have been revealed tonight and how many treasures disclosed! Go and wake up the women of the rooms (i.e. his wives for the tahajjud prayer). Many a person who is dressed in this world will be naked in the Next!'" XLI: On chatting at night about knowledge 116. 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prayed the 'Isha' prayer with us in the last days of his life. After the salam, he stood up and said, 'Do you see yourselves this night? Nobody who is on the face of the earth [this night] will still be alive after a hundred years.'" 117. Ibn 'Abbas said, "Once I spent the night in the house of my maternal aunt, Maymuna bint alHarith, the wife of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and the Prophet was there that night as well. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prayed 'Isha' and then came home and prayed four rak'ats and went to sleep. Then he got up and asked, 'Is the boy asleep?' or words to that effect. Then he stood and I stood on his left and he moved me to his right. He prayed fiverak'ats and then prayed two rak'ats and went to sleep until I could hear his snoring. Then he went out for the (Subh) prayer." XLII: On preserving knowledge 118. Abu Hurayra said, "People say that Abu Hurayra relates many hadiths. If it had not been for two ayats in the Book of Allah, I would not have related a single hadith." Then he recited, "Those who conceal the clear signs that We save sent down..." to "Most Compassionate." (2:159-160) He went on, "Our brothers among the Muhajirun used to be busy with business in the markets and our brothers among the Ansar were busy with their property, Abu Hurayra would stick to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, in order to fill his stomach and be present with him while others were absent and retain what they did not retain." 119. Abu Hurayra said, "I said, 'Messenger of Allah, I hear many hadiths from you which I forget.' He said, 'Spread out your cloak.' I spread it out, he scooped with his hands and then said, 'Embrace it.' I embraced it at my chest and never forgot anything after that." [Variant with "scooped with his hands in it."] 120. Abu Hurayra said, "I memorised two containers full from the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, (i.e. two types of knowledge). I have distributed one of them but if I were to distribute the other one my throat would be cut." XLIII: On listening to the people of knowledge or scholars

121. It is related from Jarir that during the Farewell Hajj, the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to him, "Ask the people to keep silent." Then he said, "Do not revert to unbelief after me by cutting one anothers' throats." [It is better to attribute its knowledge to Allah.] XLIV: On the obligation of a man of knowledge to say that Allah knows best when he is asked, "Who is the person with the most knowledge?" 122. Sa'id ibn Jubayr is reported to have said, "I said to Ibn 'Abbas, 'Nawf al-Bikali claims that this Musa was not the Musa of the Banu Isra'il, but another Musa.' He replied, 'The enemy of Allah has lied.'" Ubayy ibn Ka'b narrated to us that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Musa stood up to give a speech among the Banu Isra'il and he was asked, 'Do you know of anyone who has more knowledge than you?' He said, 'I am the most knowledgeable.' Allah censured him since he did not ascribe this knowledge to Him. Allah revealed to him, 'There is one of Our slaves at the meeting of the two seas who knows more than you." He said, 'My Lord, how can I meet him?' He was told, 'Carry a fish in a basket and when it is lost, that is the place.' So Musa set out with his lad Yusha' ibn Nun, and they carried a fish in a basket until they were at a rock on which they put their heads and went to sleep. The fish slipped out of the basket and made its way into sea, burrowing. Musa and the lad were amazed. They continued on for the rest of the night and day. In the morning, Musa said to his lad, 'Bring us our morning meal. This journey of ours has made us very tired..' Musa did not feel tired until he had gone beyond the place about which he was told. The lad said to him, 'Do you see what has happened? When we went to find shelter at the rock, I forgot the fish.' Musa said, 'This is the very thing that we were looking for!' So they turned back on their tracks, retracing their steps. When they reached the rock, there was a man wrapped in a garment or wrapped in his own garment. Musa greeted him, Al-Khadir said, 'Is there any greeting in your land?' He replied, 'I am Musa.' He asked, 'The Musa of the Banu Isra'il?' Musa said that he was and added, 'May I follow you on condition that you teach me some of the right guidance which you have been taught?' He said, 'You will not be able to bear with me, Musa. I have a knowledge from the knowledge of Allah which He has taught me which you do not know and you have a knowledge He has taught you which I do not know.' He said, 'You will find me patient, if Allah wills, and I will not disobey you in any matter.' "They continued walking along the shore without a boat. A boat passed by them and they asked them to take them on board. Al-Khadir was recognised and they took them on board for free. A sparrow came and alighted on the edge of the ship and dipped its beak once or twice in the sea. Al-Khadir said, 'Musa, my knowledge and your knowledge have not diminished the knowledge of Allah any more than the pecking of this sparrow in the sea.' Al-Khadir went to one of the

planks of the ship and pulled it up. Musa said, 'These people carry us for free and then you deliberately ruined their ship to drown its people?' He said, 'Did I not say that you would not be able to bear with me?' Musa said, 'Do not blame me because I forgot.' The first excuse of Musa was that he had forgotten. "Then they continued and found a boy playing with some other boys. Al-Khadir took him by the head and wrenched his neck out.' Musa said, 'Have you killed a boy who has done no wrong, without it being in retaliation for someone else?.' He said, 'Did I not say to you that you would not be able to bear with me?' Ibn 'Uyayna said that this second statement of Khidr was more emphatic. "Then went on until they came to the people of a village whom they asked for food, but who refused to give them hospitality. They found a wall there which was on the point of collapse, and al-Khadir repaired it with his own hands. Musa said, 'If you had wanted, you could have taken a wage for that.' He said, 'This is the parting of the ways between me and you.'" The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "May Allah have mercy on Musa. Would that he had been patient so that we would have been told more about them!" XLV: On someone standing who asked a question of a man of knowledge who was seated. 123. Abu Musa said, "A man came to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and said, 'Messenger of Allah, what kind of fighting is truly in the way of Allah? One of us fights in anger and another fights out of fanaticism.' The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, raised his head, and he only raised his head to him because the man was standing up, and said, 'If someone fights so that the word of Allah will be the uppermost, that is fighting in the way of Allah.'" XLVI: On asking questions and giving fatwa in the place of stoning the jamras (in the Hajj). 124. 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr said, "I saw the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, at the jamra being asked questions. A man said, "Messenger of Allah, I inadvertently slaughtered before I threw the stones." He said, "Throw them. There is no harm done." Another said, "I inadvertently had my hair cut before I sacrificed." He said, "Sacrifice. There is no harm done." Everything that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was asked about before or after its time, he replied, "Do it, and there is no harm done." XLVII: On the words of Allah, "You have only been given a little knowledge." (17:85) 125. 'Abdullah said, "Once when I was walking with the Prophet in a ruined part of Madina and he was using a palm-branch as a staff, we passed by a group of Jews. One of them told the others

to ask the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, about the ruh. Another of them said, 'Do not ask him that. He might tell you something that you will not like.' Another of them said, 'We should ask him.' One among them got up and said, 'Abu'l-Qasim! What is the ruh?' He was silent. I said, 'He is receiving revelation,' and I stood up. When the state left him, he said, 'They will ask you about the ruh. Say: "The ruh is by my Lord's concern. You have only been given a little knowledge."' (17:85)" XLVIII: On remaining silent about something [which was permissible] out of the fear that some people may not be able to understand it and will fall into worse things 126. Al-Aswad said that Ibn az-Zubayr said to him, "'A'isha often used to tell you things secretly. What did she tell you about the Ka'ba?" Al-Aswad said, "She told me that the Prophet had said, 'O 'A'isha, if it had not been that your people are still close to disbelief, I would have dismantled the Ka'ba and built into it only two doors: one for people to enter and one by which they would leave.' " That is what Ibn az-Zubayr did.[Later on he became the ruler of the Hijaz.] ['A'isha was his maternal aunt.] XLIX: On someone teaching knowledge to some people rather than others fearing that they might not understand. 127. 'Ali said, "Speak to people according to what they know. Do you want Allah and His Messenger to be denied?" Abu't-Tufayl related this from 'Ali. 128. Anas ibn Malik related that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was riding with Mu'adh behind him. He said, "Mu'adh ibn Jabal!" He replied, "At your service, Messenger of Allah." He said, "Mu'adh ibn Jabal!" He replied, "At your service, Messenger of Allah." He said, "Mu'adh!" He replied, "At your service, Messenger of Allah" three times. Then the Prophet said, "There is no one who testifies that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, sincerely from his heart but that Allah makes it unlawful for the Fire to touch him." Mu'adh said, "Messenger of Allah, shall I tell the people that so that they can rejoice?" He said, "Then they will rely on it." Mu'adh related it when he was dying, fearing to commit a wrong action [by concealing the knowledge. 129. Anas said, "I was told that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to Mu'adh, 'Whoever meets Allah without associating anything with Him will enter the Garden.' He said, 'Shall I tell the people the good news.' The Prophet said, 'No, I fear that they will depend on it.'" L: On modesty in knowledge.

Mujahid said, "Neither a timid nor a proud person will learn knowledge." 'A'isha said, "The best women are the women of the Ansar. Modesty does not prevent them from seeking understanding in the deen." 130. Umm Salama said, "Umm Sulaym came to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and said, 'Messenger of Allah, Allah is not shy about the truth. Does a woman have perform a ghusl when she has an erotic dream?' The Prophet, Messenger of Allah answered, 'When she has a visible discharge.'" Umm Salama covered her face and said, "Messenger of Allah, do women have wet dreams?" He said, "Yes, may your hand be dusty! Why does her child resemble her?" (Muwatta Imam Malik, Chapter 2, 87) 131. It is related from 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'There is a tree whose leaves do not fall which is like the Muslim. Tell me what it is.' The people thought about the trees of the desert and it occurred to me that it was the date-palm.'" 'Abdullah said, "I was too shy to answer. Then they said, 'Tell us what it is, Messenger of Allah.' The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'It is the date-palm.'" 'Abdullah said, "I told my father what had occured to me and he said, 'I would have preferred that you had said it to having such-and-such.'" LI: On someone who is too shy to ask and requests someone else to inquire on his behalf 132. 'Ali said, "I was a man who used to have a discharge (madhiy). I told al-Miqdad to ask the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, about it and he said thatwudu' needs to be done for it." LII: On seeking knowledge and giving fatwa in the mosque 133. It is related from 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar that a man stood up in the mosque and said, "Messenger of Allah, from where are we commanded to take on ihram?" The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The people of Madina take onihram from Dhu'l-Hulayfa, the people of Syria take it on from Juhfa, and the people of Najd from Qarn." Ibn 'Umar said, "They claim that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said that the people of Yemen take on ihram from Yalamlam, but I do not recall hearing this from the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace." LIII: On someone answering more than he was asked 134. It is related from Ibn 'Umar that a man asked the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, "What should someone in ihram wear?" He replied, "He should not wear a shirt, a turban, trousers, a burnous or a garment stained with wars or saffron. If he cannot find sandals, then he should wear leather socks but cut them short so that they start under the ankles." [Wars is a plant which is used to make a yellow dye.]

The Sahih Collection of al-Bukhari by Imam Bukhari Translated by: Ustadha Aisha Bewley
Chapter 4. The Book of Wudu' I: What is reported about wudu' And the words of Allah the Almighty, "When you stand for the prayer, wash your faces and hands to the elbows and wipe your heads and wash your feet to the ankles." (5:6) Abu 'Abdullah (i.e. al-Bukhari) said, "The Prophet made it clear that the obligation ofwudu' is to wash each part once. He also did wudu' by washing two and three times, but not more than three." The people of knowledge dislike extravagance in it and for people to exceed what the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did. II: The prayer is not accepted without a state of purity 135. Abu Hurayra was heard to say that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "A prayer of someone in hadath is not accepted until he reneweswudu'." A man from Hadramaut asked, "What is hadath, Abu Hurayra?" He said, "Breaking wind silently or with a noise." III: On the excellence of wudu', and on the excellence of those with white blazes on their foreheads and limbs from the effects of wudu' 136. It is related that Nu'aym al-Mujmir said, "I went with Abu Hurayra onto the roof of the mosque. He did wudu' and said, 'I heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, "On the Day of Rising my community will be called 'those with white blazes on their foreheads and limbs' from the effects of wudu'. So whoever of you can increase the extent of the whiteness, should do so."'" IV: On not renewing wudu' because of doubt until you are certain [that you have lostwudu'] 137. It is related from 'Abbad ibn Tamim from his uncle that he complained to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, about a man who thought that he had broken wind during the prayer. He said, "He should not turn away or leave the prayer unless he hears a noise or smells something." V: On doing wudu' lightly 138. It is narrated from ibn 'Abbas, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, slept to the extent that he snored and then prayed," or he said, "He lay down to the extent that he snored and then got up and prayed."

Later on Sufyan reported the same incident reported the same incident repeatedly that 'Amr related from Kurayb saying that Ibn 'Abbas said, "Once I spent the night in the house of my aunt, Maymuna, and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, got up during the night. After some of the night had passed, the Prophet got up and didwudu' lightly from a hanging waterskin - 'Amr (one of the narrators) described it as being light and used little water - and stood up to pray. I did wudu' as the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had done and then went and stood on his left. (Sufyan might have said shimalihi rather than yasarihi) He moved me to his right and then prayed as much as Allah willed and then lay down and went to sleep to the extent that he snored. Then the caller came and announced the prayer, then the Prophet went with him for the prayer and he prayed without doing wudu'. Sufyan said, "We said to 'Amr that some people say, 'The eyes of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, sleep but his heart does not sleep.'" 'Amr said that he heard 'Ubayd ibn 'Umayr say, "The dreams of the Prophets are revelation." Then he recited [the conversation of Ibrahim to Isma'il], "I saw in a dream that I must sacrifice you." (37:102) VI: On doing wudu' thoroughly Ibn 'Umar said, "Doing wudu' thoroughly means getting clean perfectly." 139. It is related that Usama ibn Zayd was heard to say [relating the Farewell Hajj of the Prophet], "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, pushed on from 'Arafat until he came to a pass where he dismounted, urinated and did wudu' but not thoroughly. I said, 'The prayer, Messenger of Allah!' He replied, 'The prayer is still ahead of you.' He rode on and when he reached Muzdalifa, he dismounted and did wudu'and did it thoroughly. Then the Iqama was given for the prayer and he prayed Maghrib. Then everyone made their camels stay kneeling where they were and the iqama was given for 'Isha' and the Prophet prayed it, and he did do any prayers between the two prayers." VII: On washing the face with both hands using a handful of water 140. It is related from 'Ata' ibn Yasar that when Ibn 'Abbas did wudu', he washed his face, took a handful of water and rinsed out his mouth and then cleaned his nose by sniffing up water and blowing out again. Then he took a handful of water and did like this, (putting his hands together and washing his face with them). Then he took a handful of water and washed his right arm. Then he took a handful of water and washed his left arm. Then he wiped his head. Then he took a handful of water and sprinkled it on his right foot until he had washed it. Then he took another

handful of water and washed his left foot with it. Then he said, "This is how I saw the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, doing wudu'." VIII: Saying "In the name of Allah" in every situation [in the beginning] including during sexual relations with one's wife 141. It is related from Ibn 'Abbas that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "If one of you comes to his wife and says, 'In the name of Allah. O Allah, protect us from Shaytan and protect any child You grant us from Shaytan,' and a child is decreed for them, Shaytan will not harm him." IX: On what to say when going to the lavatory 142. Anas was heard to say, "When the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, entered the lavatory, he would say, 'O Allah, I seek refuge with you from foulness and the foul ones (shaytans)." [Ibn 'Ar'ara corroborated with Adam in relating from Shu'ba. The narration of Ghandar Shu'ba has "When he came to the lavatory" (in place of entered). Musa relates from Hammad, "When he entered." Sa'id ibn Zayd related from 'Abdu'l-'Aziz, "When he wanted to enter."] X: On placing water by the lavatory 143. It is related from Ibn 'Abbas, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, entered the lavatory and I placed water there for him. He said, "Who put this here?" He was informed, and then he said, 'O Allah, give him [i.e. Ibn 'Abbas] understanding of the deen.'" XI: On not facing the qibla when defecating or urinating except when screened by a building, or by a wall or the like [as a heap of stones, etc.] 144. It is related that Abu Ayyub al-Ansari said that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When any of you goes to relieve himself, he should not face the qibla nor turn his back on it. He should face the east or west." XII: On defecating while sitting on two bricks 145. Wasi' ibn Habban related that 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar used to say, "People were saying, 'Whenever you sit to relieve yourself, you should not face either the qibla or the direction of Jerusalem." So 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar said, "One day I went up onto the roof of a house of ours and saw the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, relieving himself while sitting on two bricks facing the direction of Jerusalem."

Ibn 'Umar asked Wasi', "Perhaps you are one of those who pray on their haunches?" The answer was, "By Allah, I do not know." Malik said, "He means those who pray without lifting themselves from the ground properly, who cleave close to the ground in prostration." XIII: On women going out to relieve themselves 146. It is related from 'A'isha that the wives of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to go out to al-Manasi' at night to defecate. It was a vast open plain. 'Umar used to tell the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, "Veil your wives," but the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did not do it. One night Sawda bint Zam'a, the wife of the Prophet, went out in the evening. She was a tall woman and 'Umar called to her, "We have recognised you, Sawda!" He was keen for an instruction regarding the veil to be revealed and then Allah sent down the ayat of veiling. It is related from 'A'isha that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said [to his wives], "You have been permitted to go out to fulfill your need." Hisham said that he meant defecation. XIV: On defecating in houses 147. It is related that 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar said, "I went up onto the roof of Hafsa's house for a particular purpose and saw the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, relieving himself with his back to the qibla, facing Syria." 148. It is related that 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar said, "One day I went up onto the roof of our house and saw the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, sitting on two bricks facing Jerusalem." XV: On cleansing the private parts with water (istinja') 149. It is related that Anas ibn Malik was heard to say, "When the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went out to relieve himself, I and another boy would go along with a container of water," i.e. so that he could use it for cleansing himself. XVI: On someone having water carried with him for purification purposes Abu'd-Darda' said, "Is there not among you one called 'carrier of the sandals, purification water and cushion'? 150. It is related that Anas was heard to say, "When the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went out to relieve himself, I and one of the other boys from our tribe with us used to follow him with a container of water. XVII: On carrying a spear ('anaza) together with the water for istinja'

151. It is related that Anas ibn Malik said, "When the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went apart to relieve himself, I and a boy would carry a container of water and a spear so that he could cleanse with water." An-Nadr and Shadhan corroborated this from Shu'ba. An 'anaza is a staff with a spearhead on it. XVIII: On the prohibition against doing cleansing in the lavatory with the right hand. 152. It is related from Abu Qatada from his father that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When one of you drinks, he should not breathe into the vessel. When he relieves himself, he should not touch his private parts with his right hand nor wipe himself with his right hand." XIX: On not holding the private parts with the right hand while urinating 153. It is related from Abu Qatada from his father that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When one of you urinates, he should not hold his private part with his right hand nor should he cleanse with his right hand, and he should not breathe into a (drinking) vessel." XX: On cleansing using stones 154. It is related that Abu Hurayra said, "I followed the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, who went out to relieve himself and he did not look around. When I came near him, he said, 'Go and look for some stones with which I can cleanse myself (or something like that). Do not bring me bones or dung.' I brought him some stones in the corner of my garment and placed them beside him and left him. When he finished, he cleansed them." 155. It is related that 'Abdullah was heard to say, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went to relieve himself and told me to bring him three stones. I found two stones and looked for a third, but could not find one. I took a piece of dried dung and took it to him. He took the two stones and threw away the dung, saying, 'This is unclean.'" XXI: Perfoming wudu', washing each part once only 156. It is related that Ibn 'Abbas said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, performed wudu', washing each part once only." XXII: Performing wudu', washing the parts twice 157. It is related from 'Abdullah ibn Zayd that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, performed wudu', washing the parts twice. XXIII: Perfoming wudu', washing the parts three times 158. It is reported from Humran, the mawla of 'Uthman, that he saw 'Uthman ibn 'Affan call for a container of water which he poured over his hands three times, washing them. Then he put his

right hand in the vessel and rinsed out his mouth and cleaned his nose by sniffing up water and blowing out. Then he washed his face three times and he washed his forearms to the elbows three times. Then he wiped his head and washed his feet to the ankles three times. Then he said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Whoever does wudu' like this and then prays two rak'ats in which he does not become distracted will have his past wrong actions forgiven.' 'Urwa related from Humran, "When 'Uthman had done wudu', he said, 'I will tell you ahadith which I would not have have told you if it had not been for a certain ayat. I heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, "If a man does wudu' and does it well and prays, Allah will be forgiven everything that he does between then and the time when he prays the next prayer."'" (Muwatta Imam Malik, Book 2, 30) 'Urwa said that the ayat was, "those who conceal the clear signs We have sent down" . (2:159) XXIV: On cleaning the nose with water by sniffing up and blowing out again in wudu' 'Uthman, 'Abdullah ibn Zayd and Ibn 'Abbas related it from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. 159. Abu Hurayra was heard to say that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said,"The person doing wudu' should snuff water up his nose and blow it out again." (Bukhari, 135) XXV: Cleansing the private parts with an odd number of stones 160. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When you do wudu', snuff water into your nose and blow it out, and if you use stones to clean your private parts use an odd number. When you wake up from sleep you should wash your hands before putting them in the wudu' water, for none of you knows where his hands were during the night." (Bukhari, 136) XXVI: Washing both feet and should not just wiping them 161. It is related that 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, stayed behind us on a journey; we travelled, and he caught up with us when thr time for 'Asr was overdue and we were doing wudu', merely wiping over our feet [not washing very well]. He called out in a loud voice two or three times, 'Woe to the heels on account of the Fire!'"* [*Because without washing the feet, wudu' is not complete and the one who has no wudu has no prayer, and the one who does not pray goes to the Fire unless Allah has mercy on him.] XXVII: On rinsing out the mouth in wudu'

This was mentioned by Ibn 'Abbas and 'Abdullah ibn Zayd from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace 162. It is related from Humran, the mawla of 'Uthman ibn 'Affan, that he saw 'Uthman call for water for wudu' which he poured from the container over his hands. He washed them three times, and then put his right hand into the water, rinsed out his mouth and sniffed up water into his nose and blew it out again. Then he washed his face three times and his arms to the elbows three times. Then he wiped his head and washed each foot three times. Then he said, "I saw the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, do wudu' like this and he said, Whoever does wudu' like this and then prays two rak'ats in which he does not become distracted will have his past wrong actions forgiven.'" XXVIII. CHAPTER: Washing the heels. When Ibn Sirin did wudu', he used to wash the skin covered by his ring 163. It is related from Muhammad ibn Ziyad, "I heard Abu Hurayra say as he was passing by us at a time when some people were doing wudu' from a water-container, "Dowudu' thoroughly, for Abu'l-Qasim, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Woe to the heels on account of the Fire!"'" XXIX: Washing the feet when wearing sandals and not wiping over them 164. It is related from 'Ubayd ibn Jurayj that he said to 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar, "O Abu 'Abdu'rRahman! I saw you doing four things which I did not see any of your companions doing." He asked, "What are those things, Ibn Jurayj?" He said, "I saw that you did not touch any of the corners (of the Ka'ba) except for the two Yemeni ones and I saw you wearing sandals of tanned leather. I saw you dyeing your hair with yellowish colouring. I saw that when you were in Makka the people were saying the talbiya when they saw the new moon while you did not say the talbiya until the Day of Tarwiya (the 8th of Dhu'l-Hijja)." 'Abdullah said, "Regarding the corners, I only saw the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, touch only the two Yemeni corners (of the Ka'ba). As for the tanned sandals, I saw the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, wearing hairless sandals and doing wudu' in them, so I like to wear them. As for dyeing the hair, I saw the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, dyeing his hair with henna and so I like to dye with it. As for the talbiya, I did not see the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, doing the talbiya until his mount set out for hajj."

XXX: Starting with the right when performing wudu' and ghusl 165. It is related that Umm 'Atiyya said that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to the woman when they were washing his [deceased] daughter, "Begin with her right hand side and the places which are washed in wudu'." 166. It is related from 'A'isha that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, liked to begin with the right when putting on his shoes, combing his hair, in purification and in all things. XXXI: Looking for water for wudu' when the time for the prayer is at hand 'A'isha said, "Once it was time for Subh prayer and water was looked for but none could be found, so tayammum was revealed . 167. It is related that Anas ibn Malik said, "I saw the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, when it was near the time of 'Asr and people were looking for water [for wudu'] but could not find any. Then water was brought to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, placed his hand in that vessel and told people to do wudu' from it. I saw the water gushing up from under his fingers until every last one of them had done wudu'." (Muwatta Imam Malik, Book 2, 33) XXXII: On water with which human hair has been washed. 'Ata' saw no harm in using hair for thread and ropes. Also about things dogs have licked and their passing through the mosque. Az-Zuhri said, "You can do wudu' with water which has been licked by a dog when you have no other water." Sufyan [ath-Thawri] said, "This is deep understanding itself. Allah says, 'If you do not find water, then do tayammum.'" (5:6) And this is water. However, there is something doubtful about it. So one should use it to do wudu' and then do tayammum also. 168. It is related that Ibn Sirin said, "I said to 'Abida [as-Salmani], 'I have some of the hair of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, which I got from Anas or Anas's family.' He replied, "If I had a single one of those hairs, it would be dearer to me than this world and everything in it." 169. It is related from Anas that when the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had his head shaved, Abu Talha was the first to take some of his hair. [Dogs]

170. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "If a dog drinks from a vessel belonging to one of you, he should wash it seven times." (Muwatta Imam Malik, Book 2, 36) 171. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "A man saw a dog driven by thirst to eat mud, so he took his leather sock and scooped up water for it until its thirst was quenched. Allah rewarded him for that and admitted him to the Garden." 172. It is related from Hamza ibn 'Abdullah that his father said, "During the [early days] of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, dogs used to urinate and go back and forth through the mosque. Nevertheless, people were not sprinkling any water on the spot." 173. It is related that 'Adi ibn Hatim said, "I asked the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, [about hunting dogs]. He said, 'When you release your trained dog and it kills, then eat. If the dog eats [part of it], then you should not eat it for then the dog has taken the game for itself.' I said, 'If I let loose my dog and then find another dog with it?' He said, 'Do not eat it for you have said the basmala over your dog but not over the other one.'" XXXIII: Those who thought that wudu' is only obligatory on account of something discharging from the front or back passages. The words of Allah, "Or one of you comes from the lavatory." (5:6) 'Ata' said that if a worm comes out of someone's anus or discharge from the penis equal to the size of a louse, then he must repeat wudu'." Jabir ibn 'Abdullah said, "If someone laughs in the prayer, he should repeat the prayer, but not repeat wudu'." Al-Hasan said, "If anyone removes some of his hair or cuts his nails or removes his leather socks, he does not have to do wudu' on account of that." Abu Hurayra said, "Wudu' should only be repeated on account of hadath." It is mentioned that Jabir stated that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was in the Dhat ar-Riqa' expedition and a man was shot with an arrow and he bled profusely but he bowed, prostrated and continued his prayer. Al-Hasan said, "The Muslims used to continue to pray when they were wounded."

Tawus, Muhammad ibn 'Ali, 'Ata' and the people of the Hijaz said, "Wudu' is not done on account of bleeding." Ibn 'Umar squeezed one of his pimples and blood came out of it but he did not do wudu'. Ibn Abi Awfa spat out blood and continued his prayer. Ibn 'Umar and al-Hasan said that a person who has been bled only has to wash the place of the incision. 174. It is related that Abu Hurayra said that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The servant is in a state of prayer during the time he is waiting for the prayer in the mosque as long as he does not break wudu' (by hadath)." A non-Arab asked, "What is hadath, Abu Hurayra?" He replied, "A noise" i.e. passing wind from the back passage. 175. It is related from 'Abbad ibn Tamim from his uncle that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "A person should not leave the prayer unless he hears a sound or smells something." 176. It is related that 'Ali said, "I was a man who got frequent emotional urethral discharges (madhiy) and I was too embarrassed to ask the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,about it. Therefore I asked al-Miqdad ibn al-Aswad to do so. He said that you should do wudu' on account of it. Shu'ba related it from al-A'mash. 177. It is related from Zayd ibn Khalid that he asked 'Uthman ibn 'Affan, may Allah be pleased with him, "What do you think about someone who has intercourse but does not discharge?" 'Uthman said, "He does wudu' as one does wudu' for the prayer, but he must wash his penis." 'Uthman said, "I heard this from the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace." Zayd said, "I asked 'Ali, az-Zubayr, Talha, and Ubayy ibn Ka'b about that and they also gave the same instruction." 178. It is related from Abu Sa'id al-Khudri that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, sent for a man of the Ansar who came with water dripping from his head. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, asked, "Perhaps we have made you hurry [from intercourse]?" He answered, "Yes." The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "If you are made to hurry or do not have discharge, then you should do wudu'." Wahb corroborated it, relating from Shu'ba.

Abu 'Abdullah [i.e. al-Bukhari] said that Ghundar and Yahya from who related Shu'ba did not mention "wudu'." XXXIV: On a man helping his companion to perform wudu' 179. It is related from Usama ibn Zayd that when the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, left 'Arafa, he turned aside into a gulley and relieved himself. Usama ibn Zayd said, "I poured water for him as he did wudu' and I asked, 'Messenger of Allah, are you going to pray?' He said, 'The place of the prayer is still ahead of you.'" 180. It is related from al-Mughira ibn Shu'ba that he was with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, on a journey and the Prophet went out to relieve himself. Then Mughira poured the water for him while he did wudu'. He washed his face and hands and wiped his head and wiped over his leather socks. XXXV: The recitation of the Qur'an and other things after the occurrence of hadath Mansur quoted from Ibrahim, "There is no harm in reciting [Qur'an] in bathhouses (hammam) or in writing letters while not in wudu'. Hammad quoted Ibrahim as saying, "Greet them if they are wearing waist-wrappers. Otherwise, do not greet them." 181. It is related that 'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas spent the night in the house of Maymuna, the wife of the Messenger of Allah, who was his maternal aunt. He said, "I lay down across the bed and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and his wife lay lengthwise. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, slept until half the night had passed or thereabouts. Then the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, woke up, sat up and rubbed the sleep from his face with his hands. Then he recited the last ten ayats from Surat Ali 'Imran. Then he went to a hanging water-skin and did wudu' from it, doing it thoroughly. Then he got up and prayed." Ibn 'Abbas continued, "So I got up and did the same as he did and went and stood beside him. He put his right hand on my head taking hold of my right ear and tweaking it. He prayed two rak'ats, then another two, then another two, then another two, then another two, and then another two. Then he did an odd one. Then he lay down until the mu'adhdhin came to him. Then he prayed two quick rak'ats and then went out and prayed Subh." (Muwatta Imam Malik, Book 7, 13) XXXVI: On not doing wudu' except after falling into deep sleepp 182. It is related from Asma' bint Abi Bakr that she said, "I went to 'A'isha, the wife of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, when there was a solar eclipse. The people were standing in prayer and she was also standing in prayer. I said, 'What are the people doing?'

She pointed towards the sky and said, 'Glory be to Allah!' I said, 'A sign?' She indicated that it was so. I also stood to pray until I was overcome and fainted. I began to pour water over my head. When the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, finished the prayer, he praised Allah and lauded Him and then said, 'Anything which I did not see before I saw just now while standing here, including the Garden and the Fire. It was revealed to me that you will be tested in the graves with a like trial - or nearly like - [I do not know exactly which Asma' said] to that of the False Messiah. Each of you will be approached and asked, "What do you know of this man? The believer - or the one who is certain - [I do not know which exactly Asma' said] will say, "He is Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah who brought us the clear signs and guidance. So we responded to him, believed and followed him." He will be told, "Sleep, O virtuous one!" We know that you believed in him.' As for the hypocrite or the doubter - [I do not know which Asma' said] he will say, "I do not know. I heard people saying something and so I said it too."'" XXXVII: On wiping the entire head according to the words of Allah,, "wipe your heads."(5:6) Ibn al-Musayyab said, "The woman is like the man, and should wipe her head." Malik was asked, "Is it enough to wipe part of the head?" For his argument he used the hadith of 'Abdullah ibn Zayd [which refers to wiping the entire head.] 183. It is related from Yahya al-Mazini that a man said to 'Abdullah ibn Zayd, the grandfather of 'Amr ibn Yahya, "Can you show me how the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to do wudu'?" 'Abdullah ibn Zayd said, "Yes," and asked for water. He poured it onto his hands and them twice. He poured some out on to his hand and washed them twice and then rinsed his mouth and snuffed water up his nose and blew it out three times. Then he washed his face three times and both of his arms up to the elbows twice. He then wiped his head with both hands, taking his hands from his forehead to the nape of his neck and then bringing them back to where he had begun. Then he washed his feet." (Muwatta Imam Malik, Book 2, 1) XXXVIII: On washing the feet to the ankles 184. It is related from 'Amr that his father said, "I saw 'Amr ibn Abi Hasan ask 'Abdullah ibn Zayd about the wudu' of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. He called for a pot with water in it and did wudu' for them in the way that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did it. He poured water from the pot over his hand and washed both hands three times. Then he put his hand in the pot and sniffed water up his nose and blew it out using three handfuls of water. Then he put his hand in [the water-pot] and washed his face three times. Then he washed his arms twice to the elbows. Then he put his hand in [the water-pot] and wiped his

head, bringing his hands from the forehead to the nape of the neck and then bringing them back again once. Then he washed his feet to the ankles." XXXIX: On using people's left-over wudu' water Jarir ibn 'Abdullah ordered his family to do wudu' with the water left from soaking hissiwak (toothstick) 185. It is related that Abu Juhayfa was heard to say, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came out to us at midday and water was brought to him. He did wudu' and people began to take his left-over wudu' water and wipe themselves with it. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prayed two rak'ats forDhuhr and two rak'ats for 'Asr with a pointed staff set up in front of him." Abu Musa said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, called for a bowl with some water in it and washed his hands and his face. Then he spat into and said to the two of them, 'Drink it and pour some of it over your faces and chests." 186. It is related from Ibn Shihab that he was told by Mahmud ibn ar-Rabi' who is the man into whose face the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, spat water from his family's well when he was a child. And 'Urwa related from al-Miswar and others who confirmed each other, "When the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did wudu', his Companions all but fought each other for his wudu' water. 187. It is related that as-Sa'ib ibn Yazid said, "My aunt took me to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and said, 'Messenger of Allah, my nephew has got something wrong with his legs.' So he passed his hand on my head and prayed for blessing for me. Then he did wudu' and I drank some of his wudu' water. Then I stood behind him and saw the seal of prophethood between his shoulders. It was like an egg of a partridge." XL. CHAPTER: Rinsing one's mouth out and sniffing up water using a single handful of water 188. It is related from 'Amr ibn Yahya from his father that 'Abdullah ibn Zayd poured water on his hands from a container and washed them and then washed or rinsed out his mouth and sniffed up water using one handful, doing that three times. Then he washed his arms to the elbows twice. He wiped his head front and back. Then he washed his feet to the ankles. Then he said, "This is how the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did wudu'." XLI: Wiping the head once 189. It is related from 'Amr that his father said, "I saw 'Amr ibn Abi Hasan ask 'Abdullah ibn Zayd about the wudu' of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. He called for a

pot with water in it and did wudu' for them. He poured water over his hands and washed them three times. Then he put his hand in the pot and sniffed water up his nose and blew it out using three handfuls of water. Then he put his hand in the water-pot and washed his face three times. Then he washed his arms twice to the elbows. Then he put his hand in the water-pot and wiped his head, bringing his hands from the forehead to the nape of the neck and then bringing them back again once. Then he put his hand in the water-pot and washed his feet." It is related that Wuhayb said, "He wiped his head once." XLII: On a man doing wudu' with his wife and using a woman's left-over wudu' water 'Umar did wudu' with warm water, and with water from the house of a Christian woman. 190. It is related that 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar said, "During the time of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, men and women {i.e. their wives] used to do wudu' together." (Muwatta Book 2, 15) XLIII: The Prophet pouring his wudu' water over someone who had fainted 191. It is related that Jabir was heard to say, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,came to visit me when I was ill and unconscious. He did wudu'and then poured his wudu' water over me and I regained consciousness and said, 'Messenger of Allah, who will inherit from me as I have no direct heirs?' Then the ayat of the shares of inheritance (4:186) was revealed." XLIV: On performing ghusl and wudu' from a wash basin, a drinking bowl, and a wooden or stone container 192. Hammad related that Anas said, "The time of the prayer came and those whose houses were nearby went to their families [to do wudu']. Some of the people remained. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was brought a stone basin with some water in it. The vessel was too small for him to spread out his hand in it. All the people did wudu' from it." Hammad said, "We asked, 'How many were you?' He replied, 'Eighty or more.'" 193. It is related from Abu Musa that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, called for a drinking bowl with water in it and washed his hands and his face in it and threw a mouthful of water back in it. 194. It is related from 'Abdullah ibn Zayd, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came and we brought out some water for him in a brass vessel and he did wudu', washing his face three times, his hands twice, wiping his head, from the forehead to the nape of the neck and back again, and washing his feet." 195. It is related that 'A'isha said, "When the illness of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, became severe and his pain was intense, he asked his wives for permission to be

nursed in my room and they gave him their permission. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came out supported between two men, his feet dragging on the ground - between 'Abbas and another man. 'Ubaydullah said, "I told this to 'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas, then he said, 'Do you know who the other man was?' I said, 'No.' He said, 'It was 'Ali.'" 'A'isha related: "After the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, entered my house, and his pain became more intense, he said, 'Pour over me seven unopened water skins so I can counsel the people.' He was seated in a tub belonging to Hafsa, the wife of the Prophet. Then we started pouring those water skins over him until he indicated to stop as we had done enough. Then he went out to the people." XLV: Doing wudu' from a small pot 196. It is related from 'Amr ibn Yahya that his father said, "My uncle used to be excessive in his performance of wudu' and he asked 'Abdullah ibn Zayd to tell him how the Prophet used to do wudu'. He called for a pot of water and poured water on his hands and washed them three times. Then he put his hand in the pot [and brought out water], then rinsed his mouth out and sniffed up water from one handful three times. Then he put his hand in and scooped up water and washed his face three times. Then he washed his arms to the elbows twice. Then he took water with his hand and wiped his head, bringing his hands from the forehead to the nape of the neck and then bringing them back again once. Then he washed his feet Then he said, "This is how I saw the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, doing wudu'." 197. It is related from Anas that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, asked for a container of water and was brought a wide, shallow drinking bowl with some water in it. He placed his fingers in it. Anas said, "I saw the water gushing up from under his fingers." Anas said. "I reckon that seventy to eighty did wudu'." XLVI: Doing wudu' with a mudd of water, (that is between 1 1/3 - 2 litres) 198. Anas was heard to say, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to do ghusl with a sa' (that is between 6-8 litres) or up to five mudds. He used to dowudu' with a mudd." * [*Which means that the water ought to be used very economically.] XLVII: Wiping over leather socks (khuff) 199. It is related from Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to wipe over leather socks.

'Abdullah ibn 'Umar asked 'Umar about that so he answered, "Yes," [and added], "whenever Sa'd relates something from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, you ought not to ask anyone else about it. Abu Salama reported that Sa'd reported to him that [the Prophet used to wipe over leather socks] and 'Umar said something similar to what has been described earlier to 'Abdullah. 200. It is related from al-Mughira ibn Shu'ba that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went out to relieve himself and al-Mughira followed him with a vessel of water, pouring the water for him when he finished relieving himself and he did wudu' wiping over his leather socks. 201. It is related from Ja'far ibn 'Amr ibn Umayya ad-Damri that his father told him that he saw the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, wiping over leather socks. Harb ibn Shaddad and Aban corroborated with Shayban, in relating from Yahya. 202. It is related from Ja'far ibn 'Amr that his father said, "I saw the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, wiping over his turban and leather socks." Ma'mar corroborated with al-Awza'i, relating from Yahya from Abu Salama from 'Amr, who said, "I saw the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, [doing this]." XLVIII: When one puts leather socks on while one's feet are a state of purity 203. It is related from 'Urwa ibn al-Mughira that his father said, "I was with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, on a journey and I went to remove his leather socks then he said, 'Leave them. I was in a state of purity when I put them on.'" Then he wiped them. XLIX: On not doing wudu' on account of eating mutton and sawiq (a grain mush) Abu Bakr, 'Umar and 'Uthman ate meat, and did not renew their wudu'. 204. It is related from 'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, ate a shoulder of lamb and then prayed without doing wudu'. (Muwatta Book 2, 19) 205. It is related from Ja'far ibn 'Amr ibn Umayya that his father informed him that he saw the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, cutting off a piece of a shoulder of lamb when he was called to the prayer. He put down the knife and prayed without doing wudu'. L: On rinsing one's mouth out after eating sawiq and not doing wudu'

206. It is related from Suwayd ibn al-Nu'man that he went out with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, in the year of Khaybar. They travelled until they reached as-Sahba', which is near Khaybar. "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prayed 'Asr and then asked for food. Only sawiq was brought, so he asked for it to be moistened. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, ate and we ate as well. Then he got up for Maghrib and rinsed his mouth out and we also rinsed out our mouths. Then he prayed without repeating wudu'." (Muwatta Book 2, 20) 207. It is related from Maymuna that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, ate a shoulder (of mutton) in her house and then prayed without repeating wudu'. LI: On whether to rinse the mouth after drinking milk 208. It is related from Ibn 'Abbas that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, drank milk and rinsed his mouth out, saying, "It has fat in it." Yunus and Salih ibn Kaysan corroborated 'Uqayl in relating this from az-Zuhri. LII: Performing wudu' after sleeping. Those who do not think that there is any need forwudu' on account of nodding off once or twice 209. It is related from 'A'isha that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When one of you nods off while he is praying, he should go and lie down until he is no longer sleepy. If someone prays when he is drowsy, he may not know whether he is asking for forgiveness or asking for something bad for himself." (Muwatta Book 7, 3) 210. It is related from Anas that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "If any of you nods off in the prayer, he should sleep until he knows what he is reciting." LIII: Doing wudu' when there is no hadath 211. It is related from 'Amr ibn 'Amir, "Anas said, 'The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to do wudu' for every prayer.' I said, 'What did you do?' He replied, 'We would be satisfied with our wudu' as long as we had not broken it.'" 212. It is related that Suwayd ibn an-Nu'man said, "We went out with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,in the year of Khaybar. We travelled until we reached as-Sahba'. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, led us in the 'Asr prayer and then asked for food. Only sawiq was brought. We ate and drank. Then he got up for Maghrib, rinsed his mouth out and prayed without repeating wudu'." LIV: Not guarding oneself from urine is one of the major sins 213. It is related that Ibn 'Abbas said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, passed by a garden in Madina or Makka and heard the voices of two people who were being tortured in their graves. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, remarked, 'They are being tortured and are not being punished for anything very great.' Then he said,

'Rather one of them did not guard himself from urine and the other was involved in back-biting.' Then he called for a leafless palm branch and broke it into two pieces and put one on each grave. He was asked, 'Messenger of Allah, why did you do this?' He said, 'Perhaps their torture will be lightened for them for as long as these do not dry up - or until they dry up.'" LV: On what is said about washing off urine The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, saying about the person in the grave, "He did not guard himself from his urine." He only mentioned human urine. 214. It is related that Anas ibn Malik said, "When the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went out to relieve himself, I used to bring him water with which he washed himself." 215. It is related that Ibn 'Abbas said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, passed by two graves and said, 'They are being tortured and are not being tortured for anything very great. One of them did not guard himself from urine and the other was involved in backbiting.' Then he called for a moist leafless palm branch and split it into two halves sticking one in each grave. They said, 'Messenger of Allah, why did you do this?' He said, 'Perhaps their torture will be lightened for them for as long as these do not dry up.'" It is related from al-A'mash that he heard the same thing from Mujahid, but he said (bawlihi) his urine [instead of al-bawli (urine)]. LVI: The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and the people left the bedouin alone until he had finished urinating in the mosque 216. It is related from Anas ibn Malik that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, saw a bedouin urinating in the mosque. He said, "Leave him when he finished." The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, called for water and poured it over the urine. LVII: Pouring water on urine in the mosque 217. It is related that Abu Hurayra said, "A bedouin stood up and urinated in the mosque. The people called to him and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to them, 'Let him be. Pour a bucket or pail of water onto his urine. You were sent to make things easy and not to make them difficult.'" 218. This is [also] related from Anas ibn Malik from the Prophet. LVIII: Pouring water on urine 219. It is related that Anas ibn Malik said, "A bedouin came and urinated in a corner of the mosque. The people shouted at him but the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, stopped them. When he had finished urinating, the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, ordered a bucket of water to be brought which was poured over it." LIX: Children's urine

220. It is related that 'A'isha, Umm al-Mu'minin, said, "A child was brought to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and the child urinated on his clothes. He called for some water and rubbed over the urine with it." (Muwatta Book 2, 111) 221. It is related from Umm Qays bint Mihsan that she brought a small son of hers who was not yet eating food to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, sat him in his lap and the boy urinated on his clothes. He called for some water and poured it over the place but did not wash it. (Muwatta Book 2, 112) LX: Urinating standing and sitting 222. It is related that Hudhayfa said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came to the rubbish dump of some people and urinated standing. Then he called for some water. I brought him water and he did wudu'. LXI: Urinating beside one's companion while screened by a wall 223. It is related that Hudhayfa said, "It happened that the Prophet and I were walking. He went to the rubbish dump of some people behind a wall, and stood as one of you stands and urinated. I left him but he beckoned me to come back. I stood behind him until he finished." LXII: Urinating at a people's rubbish dump 224. It is related that Abu Wa'il said, "Abu Musa al-Ash'ari used to lay great stress on the question of urinating and said, 'If one of the Banu Isra'il got urine on his garment, he would cut that part out.'" Hudhayfa said, "I wish he had not laid such great stress on this matter. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went to the rubbish dump of a people and urinated while standing."* [* The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to urinate while sitting. 'A'isha said that the Prophet never urinated while standing, but the Prophet did it to show that it is permissible. 'Umar, 'Ali and Zayd ibn Thabit and other Companions have urinated while standing. Only one must be careful that it did not get on the clothes or body. See Fath al-Bari, I, 330.] LXIII: Washing off blood 225. It is related that Asma' said, "A woman came to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and said, 'If one of us gets menstrual blood on her clothes, what do you think she should do?' He said, 'She should rub the soiled portion and then scrub it with water, pour water over it, and then pray in it.'" 226. Hisham related on the authority of his father 'Urwa that 'A'isha said, "Fatima bint Abi Hubaysh came to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and said, 'Messenger of

Allah, I am a woman with persistent bleeding from the uterus so that I do not become clean. Shall I stop doing the prayer?' The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, replied, "No, that is from a blood vessel. It is not menstruation. When your period approaches, then stop doing the prayer, and when it finishes, wash the blood from yourself and then pray.'" Hisham said that his father added, "Then do wudu' for every prayer until the time of your period comes again." LXIV: On washing off semen and rubbing it and washing off women's discharge 227. It is related that 'A'isha said, "I used to wash janaba (semen) from the clothes of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and he would go out to the prayer while the traces of the wet spot were visible." 228. It is related that Sulayman said, "I heard 'A'isha, may Allah be pleased with her..." 'Amr ibn Maymun said that I heard Sulayman ibn Yasir about sperm getting onto clothes, and he quoted 'A'isha as saying , "I used to wash it from the clothes of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and he would go out to the prayer with the traces of washing showing as wet patches on his clothes." LXV: If janaba (sperm) or other impurities are washed and traces of them still remain 229. It is related that 'Amr ibn Maymun asked Sulayman ibn Yasar about the garment with sperm on it. He quoted 'A'isha . "I used to wash it sperm from the garment of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. Then he would go out to the prayer with the traces of washing showing as wet patches on his clothes." 230. It is related from 'A'isha that she used to wash the sperm from the garment of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. "Then I could still see one or more wer spots on it." LXVI: On the urine of camels, sheep and other animals and their folds Abu Musa prayed at Dar al-Barid (the post house in Kufa) which had dung in it when there was open ground beside it. He said, "Here and there are the same."* [*There is difference of opinion among scholars about the urine and dung of animals. Some of them say that those animals whose meats are halal, their urine and dung are not impure while others have the opinion that it is impure.] 231. It is related that Anas said, "Some people came from [the tribe of] 'Ukl or 'Urayna and became ill. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, commanded them to go to

the milk-camels and to drink their urine and milk [for their treatment]. So they went, and when they were cured, they killed the herdsman of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and took away the camels. The news arrived early in the day and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, sent people on their trail. They were brought to him in the middle of the day. He ordered that their hands and feet be cut off and nails were driven in their eyes and they were cast out into al-Harra'. They asked for water but none was given to them." Abu Qilaba said, "These men stole and murdered and became unbelievers after believing, and fought against Allah and His Messenger." 232. It is related from Anas that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to pray in sheep-folds before the mosque was built. LXVII: On impure things which fall into fat and water Az-Zuhri said, "There is no harm in [using] water if neither its taste, smell nor colour has changed." Hammad said, "There is no harm in the feathers of dead birds." Az-Zuhri said about the bones of dead animals like elephants, "I met some of the early scholars who used them for combs and oiling and they did not see any harm in that." Ibn Sirin and Ibrahim said, "There is no harm in the trade of ivory." 233. It is related from Maymuna that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was asked about a mouse which had fallen into some [congealed] fat. He said, "Take it out together with what is around it and throw it away and eat the rest." 234. See 233 except it has khudhuha instead of alquha. Ma'n said that Malik related so many times that I could not count it, through Ibn 'Abbas from Maymuna. 235. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "On the Day of Rising every wound which the Muslim receives in the way of Allah will be as it was when it was inflicted. Blood will flow from it and it will be the colour of blood, but will smell like musk." LXVIII: On urinating in stagnant water 236. It is related that Abu Hurayra heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, "We are the last in this world, but the first in the Next World."

With the same isnad he said, "You should not urinate in stagnant water which does not flow. You might then need to wash in it. LXIX: If something filthy or dead is put on the back of someone who is praying, it does not invalidate his prayer While Ibn 'Umar was praying, he saw blood on his garment, he removed it and continue his prayer. Ibn al-Musayyab and ash-Sha'bi said, "When someone prays in a garment stained with blood, semen or facing other than qibla or did tayammum and prayed and then finds water still within the prayer time, he does not have to repeat the prayer. 237. It is related from 'Abdullah that the Messenger of Allah* said, "When the Messenger of Allah* was in prostration. It is related from 'Abdullah ibn Mas'ud, "Once the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was praying at the Ka'ba when Abu Jahl and his companions were sitting there. One of them said to another, 'Which of you will bring the placenta of a camel of the Banu so-and-so and put it on Muhammad's back when he prostrates?' The most wretched of the people went and brought it. He waited until the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prostrated and then put it on his back between his shoulders. I was watching but could not do anything to stop it. If only I had had some protectors. They began to laugh and fall on one another while the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was in prostration. He did not raise his head until Fatima came to him and threw it off his back. Then he raised his head and said, 'O Allah! Deal with the Quraysh!' three times. When he cursed them it was unbearable for them. They were convinced that the supplication would be accepted in that city." Then he said, "O Allah, deal with Abu Jahl, and deal with 'Utba ibn Rabi'a, Shayba ibn Rabi'a, al-Walid ibn 'Utba, Umayya ibn Khalaf and 'Uqba ibn Abi Mu'ayt,' and he mentioned a seventh whom I do not remember. By the One who has my soul in His hand, I saw those whom the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had ennumerated dead, [their bodies were thrown] in the well, the well of Badr." LXX: On spitting, blowing the nose, etc. on one's clothes. 'Urwa related from al-Miswar and Marwan, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went out in the time of al-Hudaybiyya.." and they mentioned the rest of the hadith which says, "Whenever the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,spat and it fell on the hand of one of their men, he would rub it on his face and skin."

238. It is related that Anas said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, spat into his garment [while he was praying]." Al-Bukhari said that Abu Maryam said that Yahya ibn Ayyub informed me, saying that: Humayd informed me, "I heard Anas saying likewsie from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. LXXI: It is not permitted to do wudu' with nabidh nor any intoxicant. Al-Hasan and Abu'l-'Aliya disliked it. 'Ata' said, "I prefer tayammum to doing wudu' with nabidh or milk." 239. It is related from 'A'isha that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Every drink which intoxicates is unlawful." LXXII: A woman washing blood from her father's face Abu'l-'Aliyya said, "Wipe my leg. It is injured." 240. It is related from Abu Hazim that he heard Sa'd as-Sa'idi being asked by people and none was between me and him, "What was used to treat the wound of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace?" Sahl said, "There is no one left alive who knows better than I do. 'Ali used to bring water in his shield and Fatima used to wash the blood from his face. A straw mat was taken and burnt and the wound filled with it." LXXIII: On Siwak Ibn 'Abbas said, "I spent the night with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and he cleaned his teeth. 241. It is related from Abu Burda that his father said, "I came to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and found him cleaning his teeth with a siwak in his hand and saying, 'Augh! Augh!' as if he was retching while the siwak was in his mouth." 242. It is related that Hudhayfa said, "When the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, got up at night, he used to clean his mouth with the siwak." LXXIV: Giving the siwak to the oldest. 243. It is related from Ibn 'Umar that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "I dreamt that I was using the siwak and two men came to me, one of whom was older than the other. I gave the siwak to the younger of them and I was told, 'Give it to the older,' so I gave it to the older of them." Abu 'Abdullah said that Nu'aym had a shortened version of it.

LXXV: The excellence of someone who spends the night in wudu' 244. It is related from al-Bara' ibn 'Azib that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Whenever you go to bed, do wudu' as you do wudu' for the prayer and then lie down on your right side. Then say, 'O Allah, I have surrendered myself to You, entrusted my affair to You and relied on You in hope and fear of You. There is no refuge nor rescue from You except in You. O Allah, I have believed in Your Book which You sent down and in Your Prophet whom You sent.' If you die that night, then you will be in a state of pure human nature, i.e. Islam. Make that the last of the words that you utter." Al-Bara' said, "I repeated this to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and when I reached, 'I have believed in Your Book which You sent down,' I said 'and Your Messenger' [instead of the Prophet] He said, 'No - "Your Prophet whom You sent."'"

The Sahih Collection of al-Bukhari by Imam Bukhari Translated by: Ustadha Aisha Bewley
Chapter 5: The Book of Ghusl Allah Almighty says: "If you are in a state of major impurity, then purify yourselves. But if you are ill or on a journey, or have come from the lavatory, or have touched women, and cannot find any water, then do tayammum with pure earth, and wipe your faces and your hands. Allah does not want to make things difficult for you, but He does want to purify you and to perfect His blessing upon you so that perhaps you may show thanks."(5:6) And Allah, may His mention be exalted! says, "O you who believe! Do not approach the prayer when you are drunk so that you know what you are saying, nor in a state of major impurity unless you are travelling until you have washed yourselves completely. If you are ill or on a journey, or any of you have come from the lavatory or touched women, and you cannot find any water, then do tayammum with pure earth, wiping your faces and your hands. Allah is EverPardoning, Ever-Forgiving." (4:42) I: Performing wudu' before ghusl 245. It is related from 'A'isha, the wife of the Prophet, that when the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, performed ghusl for janaba, he would began by washing his hands and then perform wudu' like he did wudu' for the prayer. Then he put his fingers in the water, [then he would take water] and massage the roots of his hair with them. Then he poured three handfuls on his head and then poured water over the entire surface of his skin. (Muwatta Book 2, 69) 246. It is related that Maymuna, the wife of the Prophet, said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did wudu' as he did wudu' for the prayer except for his feet. Then he washed his private parts and anywhere that the discharge had gone. Then he poured water over himself and then moved his feet to one side and washed them. This is how he performed ghusl for janaba." II: A man doing ghusl together with his wife 247. It is related that 'A'isha said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and I used to do ghusl from the same vessel from a pot called faraq. (Muwatta Book 2, 70) III: Performing ghusl with a sa' of water or thereabouts 248. It is related that Abu Salama was heard to say, "I and the brother of 'A'isha went to visit 'A'isha. Her brother asked her about the ghusl of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him

peace. She called for a vessel containing about a sa'. She washed and poured it over her head. There was a curtain between her and us." It is related from Shu'ba, "the amount of a sa'." 249. It is related from Abu Ja'far that while he and his father were with Jabir ibn 'Abdullah, there were some people with Jabir who asked him about ghusl. He said, "A sa'is enough for you." A man stated, "A sa' is not enough for me." Jabir said, "It was enough for one who had more hair than you and was better than you." Then Jabir led us in the prayer in a single garment. 250. It is related from Ibn 'Abbas that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and Maymuna used to do ghusl from a single vessel. It is related from Shu'ba, "the amount of a sa'." Al-Bukhari said that in later stages Ibn 'Uyayna used to relate this hadith on the authority of Ibn 'Abbas who related this case from Maymuna, but the correct version is what he has recorded earlier, i.e. omitting Maymuna. IV: Pouring water on the head three times 251. It is related from Jubayr ibn Mut'im that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "As for me, I pour water over my head three times." He demonstrated with both his hands. 252. It is related that Jabir ibn 'Abdullah said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to pour water on his head three times. 253. It is related that Abu Ja'far said, "Jabir said to me, 'Your cousin - meaning al-Hasan ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyya - came to me and asked about ghusl for janaba. I said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to take three handfuls of water and pour them on his head. Then he poured water over the rest of his body." Al-Hasan said to me, "I am a man with a lot of hair." I replied, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had more hair than you."'" V: Ghusl (washing the body) is done once 254. It is related that Maymuna said, "I put down water for ghusl for the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,and he rubbed his hands twice or three times. Then he poured water on his left hand and washed his private parts. Then he wiped his hand on the earth. Then he rinsed his mouth and cleaned his nose by sniffing up and blowing out. He washed his face and hands and then poured water over his body. Then he moved from where he was and washed his feet." VI: On beginning ghusl by using milk-pot or some scent

255. It is related from A'isha, "When the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, performed a ghusl for janaba, he called for a pot like the milk-pot and, taking it in his hand, began with the right side of his head and then the left side and then rubbed his head with both hands." VII: On rinsing out the mouth and cleaning the nose by sniffing up and blowing out in [the ghusl for] janaba 256. It is related that Maymuna said, "I poured water for ghusl for the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. He poured water onto his left hand with his right hand and washed them both. Then he washed his private parts and then he rubbed the earth with his hands, and then washed them. Then he rinsed out his mouth and cleaned his nose with water by sniffing up and blowing out again. Then he washed his face and poured water on his head. Then he moved to one side and washed his feet. He was given a towel [to dry] but did not use it." VIII: On rubbing the hands with earth in order to clean them 257. It is related from Maymuna, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did a ghusl for janaba. He cleaned his private parts with his hand, then rubbed it on the wall and then washed it. Then he did wudu' as he did wudu' for the prayer. When he had finished his ghusl, he washed his feet." IX: Can someone who is in janaba put his hand in the container before he washes it if there is no impurity on his hand other than janaba? Ibn 'Umar and al-Bara' ibn 'Azib put their hands in water without washing them and then did wudu'. Ibn 'Umar and Ibn 'Abbas did not see any harm in any drops splashing from the ghusl ofjanaba back into the water-container. 258. It is related from 'A'isha who said that, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and I used to do ghusl from the same vessel, and our hands would alternate going into it." 259. It is related from 'A'isha, "When the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did ghusl for janaba, he washed his hands first." 260. It is related that 'A'isha said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and I used to do ghusl from the same vessel for janaba." The same thing is related from al-Qasim from 'A'isha. 261. It is related that Anas ibn Malik said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and one of his wives used to do ghusl from a single vessel." Muslim and Wahb added from Shu'ba, "for janaba."

X: A pause during ghusl or doing wudu' Ibn 'Umar mentioned that he washed his feet after the rest of the parts washed in wudu'had become dry. 262. It is related that Maymuna said, "I put down water for ghusl for the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and he poured it on his hands and washed them twice or three times. Then he poured water with his right hand on his left hand and washed his private parts. Then he wiped his hand on the earth. Then he rinsed his mouth and cleaned his nose by sniffing up and blowing out. Then he washed his face and hands and washed his head three times and then poured water over his body. Then he moved from where he was and washed his feet." XI: Pouring water with the right hand onto the left hand during ghusl 263. It is related that Maymuna bint al-Harith said, "I put down water for the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, to do ghusl and screened him. He poured water onto his hands and washed them once or twice. Sulayman said, "I do not know whether three times was mentioned or not. Then he poured water onto his left hand with his right hand and washed his private parts. Then he rubbed his hand on the earth or on the wall. Then he rinsed out his mouth and cleaned his nose by sniffing up and blowing out and washed his face and hands and washed his head. Then he poured water over his body. Then he moved to one side and washed his feet. I offered him a cloth but he gesticulated with his hand like this and did not want it." XII: On having sexual intercourse and then repeating it again* and someone making the rounds of his wives and only doing ghusl once [* The question is whether after every sexual intercourse one has to do ghusl, so if he does it again, will he have to do a second ghusl? The answer is that one only at the end will be sufficient, but if someone can do ghusl every time he can do it.] 264. It is related from Muhammad ibn al-Muntashir from his father who had mentioned it to 'A'isha. She said, "May Allah have mercy on Abu 'Abdu'r-Rahman! I used to put scent on the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and he would have sex with his wives and in the morning he put on ihram and he was still smelling of scent." 265. It is related from Qatada that Anas ibn Malik said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to make the rounds of all his wives at one go either at night or during the day - and he had eleven wives. Qatada said to Anas, "Had he the strength for that?" He said, "We used to say that he had been given the strength of thirty men." Sa'id said from Qatada that Anas said, "Nine wives"*. [* Eleven refers to nine wives and two slavegirls: Mariya and Rayhana.]

XIII: Washing off emotional urethral discharge (madhiy) and doing wudu' on account of it 266. It is related that 'Ali said, "I was a man who used to get frequent emotional urethral discharges (madhiy) and I told a man to ask the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, about it because of his daughter (Fatima). He replied, 'Do wudu' and wash your private parts.' " XIV: On putting on perfume and then having a ghusl and the scent of the perfume remaining even after that 267. It is related from Muhammad ibn al-Muntashir from his father who had mentioned to 'A'isha what Ibn 'Umar said about not liking to put on ihram while still smelling of scent. She said, "I did put scent on the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,..." see 264. 268. It is related from 'A'isha, "It is as if I could see the glistening of scent in the parting [of the hair] of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, when he was inihram." XV: Running the fingers through the hair until one feels that the scalp is wet and then pouring water over it 269. It is related that 'A'isha said, "When the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, performed ghusl for janaba, he began by washing his hands and then did wudu'like he did wudu' for the prayer. Then he did ghusl. He ran his fingers through his hair until he felt that his scalp was wet. Then he poured water on his head three times and then he washed the rest of his body." She added, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and I used to perform ghusl from a single container from which we both took water." XVI: Someone who does wudu' in a state of janaba and then washes the rest of his body but does not wash once again the places he already washed in wudu' 270. It is related from Maymuna, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, put down water for janaba. He poured water with his right hand onto his left hand twice or three times. Then he washed his private parts. Then he rubbed his hand on the earth or on the wall twice or three times. Then he rinsed out his mouth and cleaned his nose by sniffing up and blowing out. He washed his face and arms and then poured water over his head and washed his body. Then he moved away and washed his feet." Maymuna said, "I brought him a cloth but he did not want it and wiped off the water with his hand." XVII: When someone in the mosque remembers that he is in janaba he should leave immediately and should not do tayammum 271. It is related that Abu Hurayra said, "Once when the iqama for the prayer had been called and the rows had been made straight, the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant

him peace, came out to us. When he stood in his place of prayer, he remembered that he was junub. He said to us, 'Stay where you are,' and went back and did ghusl. Then he came out to us with his head dripping. He said, 'Allah is greater,' and we prayed with him." (Muwatta Book 2, 81) 'Abdu'l-A'la corroborated this from Ma'mar from az-Zuhri and al-Awza'i related it from az-Zuhri. XVIII: Wiping off water with the hands after performing ghusl for janaba 272. It is related that Maymuna bint al-Harith said, "I put down water for the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, to perform ghusl and screened him. He poured water onto his hands and washed them. Then he poured water onto his left hand with his right hand and washed his private parts. Then he struck his hand on the earth and wiped it and then washed it. Then he rinsed out his mouth and cleaned his nose by sniffing up and blowing out and washed his face and arms. Then he poured water over his head and poured it over his body. Then he moved to one side and washed his feet. He left shaking the water from his hands." XIX: Beginning with the right side of the head in ghusl 273. It is related from 'A'isha, "When one of us was in janaba, she would pour water over her head three times using both hands and then rub the right side of her head with one hand and the left side with the other hand." XX: Doing ghusl naked in a secluded place, or while screened, and being screened is better The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "It is more proper for someone to be modest before Allah than before people." 274. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The Banu Isra'il used to bathe naked, looking at each other. Musa used to take a bath alone. They said, 'By Allah! The only thing which prevents Musa from bathing with us is that he has a scrotal hernia. Once Musa went to take a bath and placed his garment on a stone and the stone ran off with it. Musa went after it, saying, 'My clothes, O stone!' until the Banu Isra'il looked at Musa and said, 'By Allah, there is nothing wrong with Musa.' He took his garment and began to strike the stone." Abu Hurayra said, "By Allah, the stone still has six or seven marks from the beating." 275. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When Ayyub was bathing while naked, golden locusts began to fall on him and Ayyub began to collect them in his garment. His Lord called to him, 'O Ayyub! Have We not made you wealthy enough not to need what you see?' He said, 'Yes, indeed, by Your might, but I still need Your blessing!.'"

The same is related from Abu Hurayra with another isnad. XXI: Screening oneself when doing ghusl in the presence of other people 276. It is related that Umm Hani' bint Abi Talib said, "I went to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, in the year of the Conquest of Makka and found him doing ghusl while Fatima was screening him. He asked, 'Who is it?' I said, 'It is Umm Hani.'" 277. It is related that Maymuna said, 'I screened the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, when he was doing a ghusl for janaba. He washed his hand and then poured water on his left hand with his right hand and washed his private parts. Then he rubbed his hand on the wall or the earth. Then he performed wudu' like he did wudu' for the prayer except for his feet. Then he poured water over his body. Then he moved to one side and washed his feet." Abu 'Awana and Ibn Fudayl corroborated [in relating from A'mash], the screening. XXII: On a woman having a sexual dream 278. It is related that Umm Salama, the Umm al-Mu'minin, said, "Umm Sulaym, the wife of Abu Talha, came to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and said, 'Messenger of Allah, Allah is not ashamed of the truth. Does a woman have to perform a ghusl when she has a sexual dream?' The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Yes, if she sees any discharge.'" XXIII: The sweat of someone who is in janaba. A Muslim does not become impure 279. It is related that Abu Hurayra said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, met me in one of the streets of Madina when I was junub. I slipped away from him and went and did ghusl. Then I returned back, the Prophet said, 'Where have you been, Abu Hurayra?' I replied, "I was junub, and I do not like to be in your company when I am not in a pure state.' He said, 'Glory be to Allah! A Muslim never becomes impure!'" XXIV: A person who is in janaba can go out and walk in the market and elsewhere 'Ata' said, "A person who is in janaba can be cupped, have his nails clipped and his head shaved even if he has not done wudu'. 280. It is related from Anas ibn Malik, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to have sex with all his wives in the same night and he had nine wives." 281. It is related from Abu Hurayra, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, met me when I was in janaba and took my hand and I went with him until he sat down. Then I slipped away, went home and performed a ghusl. When I came back, he was still sitting there and he said, 'Where have you been, Abu Hirr?' I told him about it, and he said, 'Glory be to Allah! Abu Hirr, the believer never becomes impure.'"

XXV: A person who is in janaba staying at home and doing wudu' before doing ghusl 282. It is related that Abu Salama said, "I asked 'A'isha, 'Did the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, go to sleep when he was in janaba?' She said, 'Yes, but he did wudu'.'" XXVI: The sleeping of someone in janaba 283. It is related that 'Umar ibn al-Khattab asked the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, "Can one of us sleep while he is in janaba?" He replied, "Yes, if you do wudu', then you can sleep in a state of janaba." XXVII: Someone who is in janaba may do wudu' before he goes to sleep 284. It is related from 'A'isha, "Whenever the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, wanted to go to sleep when he was in janaba, he would wash his private parts and do wudu' like he did wudu' for the prayer." 285. It is related that 'Abdullah said, "'Umar asked the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, for a fatwa (legal decision), 'Can any of us go to sleep when he is injanaba?' He replied, 'Yes, if he does wudu'.'" 286. It is related from 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar that 'Umar ibn al-Khattab mentioned to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, that he sometimes found himself in janaba at night. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, told him, 'Do wudu', wash your private parts, and then sleep.'" (Muwatta, Book 2, 78) XXVIII: When male and female private parts meet 287. It is related from Abu Hurayra, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'When a man lies between a woman's limbs and penetrates her, then ghuslbecomes obligatory.'" 'Amr ibn Marzuq corroborated this, relating something similar from Shu'ba [from Qatada]. The same thing is related from al-Hasan. XXIX: Washing off what comes from a woman's private parts 288. It is related that Zayd ibn Khalid al-Juhani asked 'Uthman ibn 'Affan, "What do you think about a man who has sexual intercourse with his wife and does not ejaculate?" 'Uthman said, "He should do wudu' as he does wudu' for the prayer and wash his private parts. I heard that from the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace." Zayd said, "I asked 'Ali ibn Talib, az-Zubayr ibn al-'Awwam, Talha ibn 'Ubaydullah and Ubayy ibn Ka'b about it and they also said that. Urwa ibn az-Zubayr said that he heard that from Abu Ayyub that he heard from the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.

289. It is related that Ubayy ibn Ka'b said, "Messenger of Allah, what about when a man has intercourse with a woman and does not ejaculate?" He said, "He should wash what has touched the woman and then do wudu' and pray." Abu 'Abdullah [al-Bukhari] said, "Doing ghusl is safer and that was the last order. We have made their disagreement clear."

The Sahih Collection of al-Bukhari by Imam Bukhari Translated by: Ustadha Aisha Bewley
Chapter 6. Book of Menstruation The words of Allah, "They will ask you about menstruation. Say, 'It is an impurity, so keep apart from women during menstruation and do not approach them until they have purified themselves. But once they have purified themselves, then go to them in the way that Allah has enjoined on you.' Allah loves those who turn back from wrongdoing and He loves those who purify themselves." (2:222) I: How menstruation started, and the words of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, "This is something which Allah has decreed for the daughters of Adam." Some people* have said that menstruation first came on the Banu Isra'il, but what the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said is more authentic. [* 'Abdullah ibn Mas'ud and 'A'isha.] II: Instructions to women when they start to menstruate 290. It is related from al-Qasim, "I heard 'A'isha say, 'We set out with no other intention than to perform hajj. When we reached Sarif*, I started to menstruate. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came upon me, while I was weeping, he said, 'What is the matter? Have you started your period?' I said, 'Yes.' He said, 'This is something that Allah has decreed for the daughters of Adam so do everything that someone on hajj does but do not do tawaf of the House.' She said, 'The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, sacrificed a cow on behalf of his wives.'" [* Sarif: a place close to Makka.] III A menstruating woman washing her husband's head and combing his hair 291. It is related that 'A'isha said, "I used to comb the head of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, while I was menstruating." (Muwatta, Book 2, 104) 292. It is related from 'Urwa that he was asked, "Can a menstruating woman serve me? Can a woman who is in janaba come near me?" 'Urwa said, "None of that bothers me. All of those women could serve me and there is no harm for anyone in that. 'A'isha told me that she used to comb the head of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, while she

was menstruating and while the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was in i'tikaf (retreat) in the mosque. He would move his head near to her, she being in her room, and she would comb his hair while she was menstruating." IV: A man reciting Qur'an in his wife's lap while she is menstruating. Abu Wa'il used to send his servant girl who was menstruating to bring the Qur'an from Abu Razin. She would hold it by its strap. 293. It is related that 'A'isha said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to recline on my lap while I was menstruating and recite the Qur'an." V: Using the word "nifas" for menstruation* [*The word nifas is used for the bleeding of women after childbirth, but sometimes it is used for menstruation as well. This is the point al-Bukhari wants to clarify.] 294. It is related that Umm Salama said, "Once while I was lying with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, under a black woollen cover I started my menstrual period and I slipped away to get my menstruation clothes. He said, 'Have you started menstruating (tanfusti)?" I said. 'Yes.' He called to me and I lay down again with him under the cover." V: Fondling a menstruating woman 295. It is related that 'A'isha said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and I used to wash from the same container when we were both in janaba. While I was menstruating, he told me to wrap my waist-wrapper around myself and then he cuddled me. He would hold his head out to me when he was in i'tikaf (retreat in the mosque) and I would wash it while I was menstruating." 296. It is related that 'A'isha said, "When one of us was menstruating and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, wanted to fondle her, he would tell her to put on a waist-wrapper when she started her menstrual period and he would fondle her." She said, "Who among you would be able to control his desires as the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, controlled his?" Khalid and Jarir corroborated with 'Ali ibn Mishar in relating his from ash-Shaybani. 297. It is related that Maymuna was heard to say, "When the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,wanted to fondle one of his wives, he told her, if she was menstruating, to put on a waist-wrapper." Sufyan related it from ash-Shaybani. VI: Menstruating women refraining from fasting

298. It is related that Abu Sa'id al-Khudri said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, set out to the place of prayer on the Day of Adha or Fitr and passed by the women. He said, 'O congregation of women! Give alms for I have seen that you will make up the majority of the inhabitants of the Fire!' They said, 'Why, Messenger of Allah?' He said, 'You call down too many curses and show ingratitude to your husbands. I have not seen anyone more deficient in intellect or deen. Yet the mind of even a resolute man might be swept away by one of you.' They said, 'In what way is our deen and intellect deficient, Messenger of Allah?' He said, 'Is not the testimony of a woman worth only half that of a man?' They said, 'Yes.' He said, 'That is how your intellect is deficient. Is it not so that when a woman is menstruating, she neither prays nor fasts?' They said, 'Yes.' He said, 'That is how her deen is deficient.'" VII: A woman who is menstruating should perform all the duties of the hajj except fortawaf of the House Ibrahim said, "There is no harm in her reciting a verse of the Qur'an." Ibn 'Abbas did not see any harm in the recitation of [the Qur'an] by someone who is injanaba. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, mentioned Allah at all times [which includes recitation of the Qur'an]. Umm 'Atiyya said, "We were ordered to let menstruating women go out [for the prayer] and call out takbirs together with the men's takbirs and make supplication. Ibn 'Abbas said that he was told by Abu Sufyan that Heraclius asked for the letter of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and read it. It said, "In the name of Allah, the Merciful, the Compassionate. O People of the Book! Come to a proposition which is the same for us and you." 'Ata' stated that Jabir said, "'A'isha started menstruating and performed all the rites ofhajj except tawaf of the House and she did not pray." Al-Hakam said, "I slaughter even when I am in janaba [mentioning the name of Allah in this state]." Allah says, "Do not eat anything over which the name of Allah has not been mentioned." (6:121) 299. It is related that 'A'isha said, "''We set out with the Prophet , may Allah bless him and grant him peace, with no other intention than to perform hajj. When we reached Sarif, I started to

menstruate. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came upon me while I was weeping. He said, 'What has made you weep?' I said, 'I wish , by Allah, that I had not made hajj this year.' He said, "'Is it that you have started to menstruate?' I said, 'Yes.' He said, 'This is something which Allah has decreed for the daughters of Adam so do everything someone on hajj does but do not do tawaf of the House until you are pure.'" VIII: False menstruation [bleeding between menstrual periods] 300. It is related that 'A'isha said, " Fatima bint Hubaysh told the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, 'Messenger of Allah, I never become clean. Should I abandon the prayer?' The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'That is due to a vein, not menstruation. When menstruation comes, then stop praying. When your menstrual period ends, then wash off the blood and pray.'" IX: Washing off menstrual blood 301. It is related that Asma' bint Abi Bakr said, "A woman asked the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, 'Messenger of Allah, what do you think a woman should do if menstrual blood gets on her clothes?' The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'If menstrual blood gets onto your clothes, she should gather up the place in her fingers, rub it, and wash it with water and then she can pray in it.'" (Muwatta, Book 2, 105) 302. It is related that 'A'isha said, "When one of us had menstruated, she would, when she was clean again, gather up any place on her garment with blood on it, rub it, wash it and sprinkle water on the rest of it. Then she would pray in it." X: A woman with false menstruation doing retreat in the mosque for i'tikaf 303. It is related from 'A'isha that one of the wives of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did i'tikaf along with him when she had false menstruation. She would see blood and sometimes put a dish under her for the blood. 'Ikrima claimed that 'A'isha saw some safflower liquid and said, "This is like what so-and-so used to find." 304. It is related that 'A'isha said, "One of the wives of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did i'tikaf with him. She used to see blood and yellow discharge and would put a dish under her while she was praying." 305. It is related from 'A'isha that one of the Mothers of the Believers did i'tikaf while she had false menstruation. XI: Can a woman pray in the clothes in which she has menstruated? 306. It is related that 'A'isha said, "None of us had more than a single garment and we menstruated while wearing it. When a drop blood fell on it, we would spit on it and scratch it off with our nails." XII: A woman using perfume when she does ghusl after menstruation

307. It is related from Umm 'Atiyya from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, "We were forbidden to mourn for a dead person for more than three days except for a husband for whom the period was four months and ten days. We would not put on kohl or perfume or wear coloured clothes except 'asb (coarse Yemeni coloured) garments. When we purified ourselves by doing ghusl after menstruation, we were allowed a small amount of light perfume. We were forbidden to join funeral processions." Hisham ibn Hassan related it from Umm 'Atiyya via Hafsa. XIII: A woman should rub herself thoroughly when she becomes clean after menstruation. How she should wash herself and use a perfumed piece of cloth [maybe of musk] to wipe off any traces of blood 308. It is related that 'A'isha said, "A woman asked the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, about ghusl after menstruation. He told her how to wash, saying, 'Take a piece of cloth scented with musk and purify yourself with it.' She repeated, 'How shall I purify myself with it?' He said, 'Purify yourself with it.' She said,'How?' He said, 'Glory be to Allah! Purify yourself with it!'" ['A'isha said,] "I pulled her towards me and said, 'Wipe off any traces of blood with it.'" XIV: Washing the place of menstruation 309. It is related that 'A'isha said, "A woman of the Ansar said to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, 'How should I do ghusl after menstruation?' He said, 'Take a piece of perfumed cloth and clean yourself three times.' Then the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, became embarrassed and turned his face away. (Or he said, 'Clean yourself with it.') I took her and pulled her to one side and explained to her what the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, meant." XV: A woman combing her hair when she does ghusl after menstruation 310. It is related that 'A'isha said, "I assumed ihram with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, for the Hajj of Farewell and I was one of those intending to do tamattu' (a way of performing hajj and 'umra) but did not take any sacrificial animals with me." She said that she started to menstruate and did not become clean until the night of 'Arafa.

She said, "Messenger of Allah, this is the night of 'Arafa and I had meant to perform 'umra." The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to her, "Undo your hair and comb it and postpone your 'umra." She said, "I did that and completed the hajj. On the night of al-Hasaba, the Prophet ordered 'Abdu'r-Rahman to take me to at-Tan'im to do 'umra in place of the 'umra I had meant to perform." [al-Hasaba: Muhassab. 'Abdu'r-Rahman was her brother. Tan'im is close to Makka, on the road to Madina, See 311.] XVI: A woman should undo her hair when performing ghusl after menstruation 311. It is related that 'A'isha said, "We set off at the approach of Dhu'l-Hijja [that is the month for hajj] for the hajj. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Whoever wants to assume ihram for 'umra should do so. If I had not brought sacrifice, I would have assumed ihram for 'umra. Some of us assumed ihram for 'umraand some for hajj. I was one of those who assumed ihram for 'umra. When the day of 'Arafat came, I was still menstruating. I complained to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and he said, 'Postpone your 'umra and undo your hair and comb it and put on ihram for hajj.' I did that. On the night of al-Hasaba [ i.e. the night they stayed at al-Muhassab], he sent my brother, 'Abdu'r-Rahman ibn Abi Bakr, with me and I went out to at-Tan'im. I assumed ihram for 'umra to make up for my 'umra." Hisham said, "For that, neither sacrifice nor fasting nor sadaqa was required." XVII: "Flesh formed yet unformed." (22:5) 312. It is related from Anas ibn Malik that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Allah the Mighty and Majestic appoints an angel to every womb who says, 'O Lord! A sperm drop! O Lord A clot! O Lord! A lump of flesh! ' Then if He desires to complete His creation, He does so and the angel asks, 'Is it to be male or female? Wretched or happy? What is its provision? What is its life-span?' This is all decreed in the mother's womb." XVIII: How menstruating women assume ihram for hajj and 'umra 313. It is related that 'A'isha said, "We set off with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, on the Hajj of Farewell. Some of us assumed ihram for 'umra and some for hajj. We reached Makka and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Whoever assumed ihram for 'umra and does not have a sacrifice should come out of ihram. Whoever assumed ihram for 'umra and has a sacrifice should not come out of ihram until he has slaughtered his sacrifice. Whoever assumed ihram for hajjshould complete his hajj."

'A'isha said, "I started to menstruate and continued until the Day of 'Arafa and I had only assumed ihram for 'umra. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, commanded me to undo my hair and comb it and to assume ihram for the hajj and abandon the 'umra. I did that and finished my hajj. Then he sent 'Abdu'r-Rahman ibn Abi Bakr with me and told me to do an 'umra, to replace my (missed) 'umra, from at-Tan'im." XIX: The beginning and end of menstruation Some women used to send 'A'isha little boxes containing pieces of cotton cloth which still showed some yellowness. 'A'isha would say, "Do not rush [to do ghusl] until you see white cotton," meaning by that purity from menstruation. The daughter of Zayd ibn Thabit was told that the women were asking for lamps in the middle of the night to check their purity. She said, "Women never used to do this," and criticised them. 314. It is related from 'A'isha that Fatima bint Abi Hubaysh used to suffer from false menstruation and so she asked the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, who said, "That is only a blood vessel, not menstruation, so when your menstrual period approaches, stop the prayer, and when it finishes, take a bath and pray." XX: A menstruating woman should not make up the prayer Jabir and Abu Sa'id said that the Prophet , may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "She must abandon the prayer." 315. It is related from Mu'adha that a woman asked 'A'isha, "Should we make up the prayer when we become clean?" She said, "Are you from Harura'? [i.e. are you a Kharijite? ] When we were with the Prophet, we got our menstrual periods and he did not command us to do that." (or she said, "We did not do that.") XXI: Sleeping with a menstruating woman who is wearing her (special menstruation) clothes 316. It is related from Zaynab bint Abi Salama, "Umm Salama said, "Once while I was with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, under a black woollen cover I started my menstrual period and I slipped away and came out of it and got my menstruation clothes. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to me, 'Have you started menstruating?" I said. 'Yes.' He called to me and I lay down again with him under the cover." She related that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to kiss her while he was fasting and [she said], "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and I used to do a ghusl from the same vessel for janaba."

XXII: Wearing a special garment for menstruation other than the clothes worn during the time of the clean period 317. It is related that Umm Salama said, "Once while I was lying with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, under a black woollen cover I started my menstrual period and I slipped away to get my menstruation clothes. He said, 'Have you started menstruating?" I said. 'Yes.' He called to me and I lay down again with him under the cover." XXIII: Menstruating women being present at the two 'Id festivals and other meetings of the Muslims but staying away from the place of prayer 318. It is related from Ayyub that Hafsa said, "We used to keep our young women from going out for the two 'Ids. A woman came and stayed at the fortress of the Banu Khalaf and she related that her sister, whose husband had been on twelve expeditions with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and who had herself gone with him on six of them, said, 'We used to treat the wounded and care for the sick.' 'My sister asked the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, "Is there any harm in one of us not going out if she does not have an outer garment?" He said, "Her companion should let her share her outer covering garment and take part in the good actions and gatherings of the Muslims." When Umm 'Atiyya came, I asked her if she had heard that from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,and she said, "By my father, yes - whenever she mentioned the Prophet, she always said, "by my father" - I heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, 'Young unmarried women, mature women - or young girls who are veiled - and menstruating women should go out and take part in the good actions and meetings of the believers, but menstruating women should stay away from the place of prayer.'"'" Hafsa said, "I said, 'Menstruating women?' She said, 'Do they not attend 'Arafa, and so on and so on.'" XXIV: When a woman menstruates three times a month. What should be believed from women regarding menstruation and pregnancy and what is possible regarding menstruation according to the words of Allah, "It is not lawful for them to conceal what Allah has created in their wombs." (2:228) 'Ali and Shurayh said, "If a woman brings testimony from members of her close family, who are known to be good Muslims, that she menstruates three times a month, she should be believed." 'Ata' said [in case of 'idda, i.e. waiting period], "Her past menstrual pattern should be taken into account." Ibrahim also said the same thing.

'Ata' said, "Menstruation can last from one to fifteen days." Mu'tamir said that when his father asked Ibn Sirin about a woman who sees blood five days after the end of her menstrual period, he said, "Women have more knowledge about those things." 319. It is related from 'A'isha that Fatima bint Abi Hubaysh said to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, "I have persistent bleeding and never become clean. Should I stop praying?" He said, "No, that is due to a blood vessel, not menstruation so stop the prayer for the days when you are menstruating and then do ghusl and pray." XXV: Yellow discharge and discoloration outside the days of menstruation 320. It is related from Umm 'Atiyya, "We did not consider yellow discharge and discoloration to be anything." XXVI: A blood vessel being the cause of false menstruation 321. It is related that 'A'isha, the wife of the Prophet, said, "Umm Habiba suffered from false menstruation for seven years. She asked the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, about that and he told her, 'This is due to a blood vessel.' She used to do ghusl for every prayer." XXVII: A woman who starts menstruating after the Tawaf al-Ifada 322. It is related that 'A'isha, the wife of the Prophet, said to the Messenger of Allah,may Allah bless him and grant him peace, "Messenger of Allah, Safiyya bint Huyayy has started menstruating." He said, "She may well delay us. Did she not do the Tawaf [al-Ifada] with you?" They said, "Yes." He said (to her), "So you can leave." 323. It is related that Ibn 'Abbas said, "A menstruating woman is permitted to leave [before doing the Farewell Tawaf] if she starts menstruating [before doing the FarewellTawaf]. Ibn 'Umar used to say at first that she should not leave and then I heard him say, "She can leave since the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, allowed women to do that." XXVIII: When a woman who suffers from false menstruation notices that she has become clean Ibn 'Abbas said that she should do ghusl and pray, even if the prayer time only has one hour left, and her husband can have sexual intercourse with her when she has prayed, but the prayer is more important. 324. It is related that 'A'isha said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'When menstruation comes, stop the prayer and when it ends, then wash the blood from yourself, [take a bath] and pray. XXIX: Doing the funeral prayer over a woman who has died during her period of bleeding after childbirth and the manner of her funeral prayer

325. It is related from Samura ibn Jundub that a woman died during childbirth and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did the funeral prayer over her and stood opposite the middle of her body. 326. It is related from Maymuna, the wife of the Prophet, that when she was menstruating, she did not pray, but she would sit in front of where the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was prostrating while he was praying on his mat. She said, "When he prostrated, some of his clothing would touch me."

The Sahih Collection of al-Bukhari by Imam Bukhari Translated by: Ustadha Aisha Bewley
Chapter 7: Book of Tayammum Allah's words, "If you cannot find any water, then do tayammum with pure earth, and wipe your faces and your hands." (5:6) 327. It is related that 'A'isha, the wife of the Prophet, said, "We went out with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, on one of his journeys until, when we had reached al-Bayda, or Dhat al-Jaysh, my necklace broke and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, stayed to look for it and everyone else stayed with him. There was no water there, so the people went to Abu Bakr as-Siddiq and said, 'Do you not see what 'A'isha has done? She has caused the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and everyone else to halt at a place where there is no water for them nor are they carrying any water with them?' Abu Bakr came and found that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had gone to sleep with his head against my thigh. He said, 'You have held up the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and everyone else in a place where there is no water and they are not carrying any water with them!' Abu Bakr rebuked me saying what Allah wished him to say and started to poke me in the side with his hand and the only reason I did not move was that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was against my thigh. At first light the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, got up and found that there was no water. Then Allah sent down the verse of tayammum. So they did tayammum." Usayd ibn al-Hudayr said, 'Family of Abu Bakr, this is not the first blessing you have brought!'." 'A'isha continued, "We made the camel I was on get up and found the necklace underneath it." (Muwatta, Book 2, 91) [*A place between Makka and Madina.] 328. It is related that Jabir ibn 'Abdullah said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'I have been given five things which no one before me was given: I have been helped to victory by terror flooding (my enemies') hearts up to a month's journey away; for me, the whole earth has been made a mosque and made pure (for purification by tayammum) - wherever a man of my community finds himself when the time of prayer comes, he can pray; taking booty has been made lawful for me when it was not lawful for anyone before me; I have been given the

right of intercession; and whereas every other Prophet was sent only to his people, I have been sent to all mankind.'" I: When neither water nor earth is available 329. It is related that 'A'isha said that she borrowed a necklace from Asma' and it disappeared. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, sent a man who found it. The time of the prayer found them with no water so they prayed but then voiced their anxiety about doing that to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and Allah sent down the Ayat of Tayammum. Usayd ibn Hudayr said to 'A'isha, "May Allah reward you! By Allah, nothing unpleasant ever happens to you, without Allah making it a means of good for both you and the Muslims." II: The performance of tayammum by a resident when there is no water available and he fears that he will miss the prayer 'Ata' and al-Hasan said that when a sick person has water but cannot find anyone to hand it to him, he can do tayammum. Ibn 'Umar was coming from his land in al-Jurf and the time for 'Asr came when he reached Marbad an-Na'am. He prayed (doing tayammum) and then entered Madina while the sun was still high, but did not repeat the prayer. [al-Jurf is a place close to Madina used sometimes as a military camp before expeditions. Marbad an-Na'am is where the camels are kept] 330. It is related that 'Umayr, the mawla of Ibn 'Abbas, was heard to say, "'Abdullah ibn Yasar, the mawla of Maymuna, the wife of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and I went to visit Abu Juhaym ibn al-Harith ibn Simma al-Ansari. Abu Juhaym said, 'Once the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was coming from the direction of Bi'r Jamal*. A man met him and greeted him but the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did not reply to him until he came to a wall. He wiped his face and hands and then returned his greeting.'" [*A place close to Madina. It is also said to be al-Jurf.] III: Can someone doing tayammum blow on his hands? 331. 'Abdu'r-Rahman ibn Abza related that his father said, "A man came to 'Umar ibn al-Khattab and said, 'I was junub and could not find any water.' 'Ammar ibn Yasir said to 'Umar ibn alKhattab, 'Do you remember once when you and I were on a journey and you did not pray but I rolled on the ground and prayed? I mentioned that to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'It would have been

enough for you to do this.' The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, beat the earth with his hands, blew on them and then wiped his face and hands with them." IV: Tayammum is for the face and hands 332. Sa'id ibn 'Abdu'r-Rahman ibn Abza related from his father that 'Ammar said that. Shu'ba beat the earth with his hands and brought them up to his mouth and then wiped his face and hands with them. 'Ammar said, "Pure earth is a sufficient means of purification for a Muslim in the event of there being no water." 333. 'Abdu'r-Rahman ibn Abza related that once while his father was with 'Umar, 'Ammar said to 'Umar, "We were on an expedition and became junub." And he said that he had blown on his hands. 334. It is related that 'Abdu'r-Rahman said, "'Ammar said to 'Umar, "I rolled in the dust and came to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, who said, 'Your face and hands would have been enough.'" 335. 'Abdu'r-Rahman said, "I saw 'Umar when 'Ammar said to him" and the hadithcontinues. 336. It is related that 'Ammar said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, beat the earth with his hands and wiped his face and hands." V: Pure earth is a sufficient means of purification for a Muslim in the event of there being no water. Al-Hasan said, "Tayammum is enough as long as you do nothing to break it." Ibn 'Abbas led the prayer after doing tayammum. Yahya ibn Sa'id said, "There is nothing wrong in doing the prayer on salty land or in using it for doing tayammum." 337. It is related that 'Imran said, "We were on a journey with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and we travelled until late in the night when we stopped at a place, and no stop is more welcome in the eyes a traveller than that. We were woken up by the heat of the sun. The first of us to wake up was so-and-so and then so-and-so. (Abu Raja' named them, but 'Awf forgot.) The fourth person was 'Umar ibn al-Khattab. When the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, slept, we would not wake him until he woke up of his own accord because we did not know what might be happening to him while he was asleep. Being a strict man, when 'Umar woke up and saw what had happened to everyone he called out, 'Allah is greater!' in a loud voice. He continued to call out the takbir loudly until the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was woken up by his voice. When he woke up, the people expressed their anxiety to him about what had happened to them. He said, 'There is no harm - or it will not cause harm. Travel on.' They went on a short distance and then stopped. The Prophet called for wudu' water

and did wudu'. The call for the prayer was given and he led the people in the prayer. When he had finished the prayer, he noticed a man who had kept himself apart and not prayed with the people. He said, 'So-and-so! What kept you from praying with everyone else?' He said, 'I am in janaba and there is no water.' The Prophet said, 'You must use the bare earth. That will be enough for you.' "Then the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, travelled on and the people complained to him that they were thirsty. He stopped and called someone (Abu Raja' named him but 'Awf forgot) and 'Ali and said, 'Go and look for water.' They went off and came across a woman on a camel sitting between two water bags. They asked her, 'Where is the water?' She said, 'I was at the water this time yesterday and our people are behind me.' They said to her, 'Come then.' She said, 'Where to?' They said, 'To the Messenger of Allah.' She said, 'The one known as "as-Sabi'?"* They said, 'The very same; so come along with us.' "They brought her to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and told him the story. He said, 'Help her dismount from her camel.' The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, called for a container and opened the mouths of the bags into it. Then he closed their mouths.and opened their lower openings. The people were told, 'Drink and water the animals.' Whoever wished drank from it and whoever wished watered from it.and finally the Prophet gave the man who was junub a jug of water and said, 'Go and pour it over yourself.' The woman was standing there watching what was being done with her water and, by Allah, when the bags were handed back, it seemed to us that they were fuller than they had been at the beginning! The Prophet. may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Make a collection for her,' They collected for her enough of the best dates, flour and sawiq to make a meal and put it in a cloth. They then put her on her camel and placed the cloth in front of her. He said to her, 'We did not take any of your water, but Allah is the One who gave us water.' "When she reached her people from whom she had been kept back, they said, "So-and-so! What delayed you?' She said, 'A strange thing happened! Two men met me and took me to the man called "as-Sabi' and he did such-and-such. By Allah, he is either the greatest sorcerer between here and there - and she used her middle and index fingers and raised them towards the sky, meaning between the heaven and the earth - or he is indeed truly the Messenger of Allah.' "After this the Muslims would attack the idolaters around her but never touched the tents where she lived. One day, she said to her people, 'I think that these people leave you alone deliberately. Is there not something for you in Islam?' They responded to her and entered Islam."

[*as-Sabi' means someone who changes religion.] VI: If someone who is in janaba fears that he will become ill or die or is afraid of thirst, he can do tayammum. It is mentioned that 'Amr ibn al-'As was in janaba on a cold night and did tayammum and recited from the Qur'an, "Do not kill yourselves. Allah is merciful to you." (4:29) That was mentioned to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and he did not object to it. 338. It is related from Abu Wa'il, "Abu Musa said to 'Abdullah ibn Mas'ud, 'If you cannot find any water, should you pray or not?' 'Abdullah said, 'If you were to give them a dispensation (to do tayammum) in this instance, they would do this (i.e. tayammum) even if they found water and it was cold and pray.' Abu Musa said, 'What do you make of what 'Ammar said to 'Umar?' He said, 'I do not think that 'Umar was happy with what 'Ammar said.'" 339. It is related that Shaqiq ibn Salama was heard to say, "I was with 'Abdullah and Abu Musa and Abu Musa said to him, Abu 'Abdu'r-Rahman, what do you think someone should do if he is in janaba and cannot find any water?' 'Abdullah said, 'He should not pray until he finds water.' Abu Musa said, 'So what about 'Ammars statement that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to him, 'It (tayammum) would have been enough for you?' He replied, 'Don't you see that 'Umar was not happy with that?' Abu Musa said, 'All right, putting aside what 'Ammar said, what do you make of this ayat (of tayammum)?''Abdullah did not know what to say and then said, ''If we were to give them a dispensation (to do tayammum) in this instance, even if they the water they found was cold, they would probably leave it and do tayammum, ' I said to Shaqiq, "Did 'Abdullah [ibn Mas'ud] dislike doing tayammum because of this?" He said, "Yes." VII: Tayammum is done by striking the earth once 340. It is related that al-A'mash said that Shaqiq said, "While I was sitting with 'Abdullah and Abu Musa al-Ash'ari, Abu Musa said to him, 'If someone is in janaba and cannot find any water for a month, can he do tayammum and pray? In that case, what do you make of this verse in Surat al-Ma'ida: 'If you cannot find any water, then do tayammum with pure earth' 'Abdullah said, 'If this dispensation were given to them, then, even if they had water but it was cold, they would probably do tayammum with pure earth.' I asked Shaqiq, You dislike tayammum because of that?' He said, 'Yes.' "Abu Musa continued, Have you not heard what 'Ammar said to 'Umar? - "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, sent me on some errand and I became junub and could not find any water so I rolled in the dust like an animal does. I mentioned that to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and he said, 'It would have been enough for you to do this,' and he beat the earth once with his hands, blew on them

and then wiped the back of his right hand with his left or the back of his left hand with his right hand and then wiped his face with both of them.' 'Abdullah said, 'Don't you see that 'Umar was not happy with what 'Ammar said?' " 341. Al-A'mash added that Shaqiq said, "I was with 'Abdullah and Abu Musa when Abu Musa said, 'Did you not hear what 'Ammar said to 'Umar? "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, sent me and you and I was in janaba and rolled in the dust .We came to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and told him and he said, 'Like this would have been enough for you' and he wiped his face and hands once." 342. It is related from 'Imran ibn Husayn al-Khuza'i that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, saw a man apart who who had not prayed with everyone else. He said, "So-and-so! What stopped you praying with everyone else?" He said, "I am on janaba and there is no water." The Prophet said, "You must use the pure earth. That will be enough for you."

The Sahih Collection of al-Bukhari by Imam Bukhari Translated by: Ustadha Aisha Bewley
Chapter 8: Book of Prayer I: How the prayer was made obligatory during the Night Journey Ibn 'Abbas said that Abu Sufyan was relating to him the hadith of Heraclius and said, "He, i.e. the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prescribed for us the prayer, sadaqa and chastity." 342. Abu Dharr related that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "During the time that I was in Makka, the roof of my house was opened up and Jibril descended and opened up my breast, washing it with Zamzam water. Then he brought a gold basin filled with wisdom and belief. He poured it into my breast and then closed it. Then he took my hand and took me up to the lowest heaven. When I reached the lowest heaven, Jibril said to the keeper of the heaven, 'Open!' He said, 'Who is this?' He said, 'This is Jibril.' He asked, 'Is anyone with you?' He said, 'Yes, Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, is with me.' He said, 'Has he been sent for?' He said, 'Yes.' "When the way opened we climbed above the lowest heaven and found a man sitting there, with people on his right and people on his left. When he looked to his right, he laughed, and when he looked to his left, he wept. He said, 'Welcome to the virtuous Prophet and virtuous son.' I said to Jibril, 'Who is this?' He said, 'This is Adam and these people on his right and his left are the souls of his descendants. The people on the right are the people of the Garden and the people who are on his left are the people of the Fire. When he looks to his right, he laughs and when he looks to his left, he weeps.' Then he took me up to the second heaven and said to its keeper, 'Open.' Its keeper said to him the same as the first one had said and then made the way open." Anas said that he (the Prophet) mentioned that in the heavens he found Adam, Idris, Musa, 'Isa, and Ibrahim, blessings be upon them. He did not specify their positions, except for mentioning that he found Adam in the lowest heaven and Ibrahim in the sixth heaven. Anas said, "When Jibril together with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, passed by Idris, he said, 'Welcome to the virtuous Prophet and virtuous brother!' I said, 'Who is this?' He said, 'This is Idris.' Then I passed by Musa and he said, 'Welcome to the virtuous Prophet and virtuous brother!' I said, 'Who is this?' He said, 'This is Musa.' Then I passed by 'Isa

and he said, 'Welcome to the virtuous brother and virtuous Prophet!' I said, 'Who is this?' He said, 'This is 'Isa.' Then I passed by Ibrahim and he said, 'Welcome to the virtuous Prophet and virtuous son!' I said, 'Who is this?' He said, 'This is Ibrahim, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.'" Ibn 'Abbas and Abu Habba al-Ansari used to say that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Then I was taken up until I appeared on a high plateau where I heard the scratching of pens." 343. Ibn Hazm and Anas ibn Malik said that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Allah prescribed fifty prayers for my community and I returned with that until I passed by Musa. He said, 'What has Allah prescribed to you for your community?' I said, 'He has prescribed fifty prayers.`" He said, 'Go back to your Lord. Your community will not be able to manage that.' He made me go back and He reduced it to half. Then I returned to Musa and I said, 'He reduced them to half.' He said, 'Go back to your Lord. Your community will not be able to manage that.' I returned and He halved them again and I returned to him. He said, 'Go back to your Lord. Your community will not be able to manage that.' I returned to Him and He said, "'They are five and they are fifty. My word does not change.' I went back to Musa and he said, 'Return to your Lord. I said, 'I am too embarassed before my Lord.' Then he took me on until he brought me to the Lote-tree of the Boundary which was covered in colours which I did not recognise. Then I was brought into the Garden and in it were strings of pearls and its earth was made of musk." (Muwatta, Book 9, 9) It is related that 'A'isha, Umm al-Mu'minin, said, "When Allah made the prayer obligatory, it was only two rak'ats whether resident or travelling. Then the travelling prayer was kept the same but the residential prayer was increased."

The Sahih Collection of al-Bukhari by Imam Bukhari Translated by: Ustadha Aisha Bewley
Chapter 9: Clothing in the Prayer I: The obligation of wearing clothes when praying. The words of Allah Almighty, "Wear fine clothing in every mosque." (7:31) Someone praying while wrapped in a single cloth. It is mentioned from Salama ibn al-Akwa' that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "He should fasten it, even with only a thorn." The isnad needs to be studied. Someone praying in the same garment in which he has had sexual intercourse if he does not see any impurity on it. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, commmanded, "Tawaf of the House must not be done naked." 344. It is related that Umm 'Atiyya said, "We were ordered to bring out the menstruating women and veiled women on the days of the two festivals. They would be present at the assemblies of the Muslims and their feasts, but menstruating women would stay away from the place of prayer. A woman said, 'Messenger of Allah, what if one of us does not have a veil?' He said, 'Her friend should share her veil with her.'" Muhammad ibn Sirin related that Umm 'Atiyya related that she heard this from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, II: Tying the waist-wrapper at the back of the neck during the prayer Sahl said, "Some people prayed with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, with their wrappers tied round their necks." 345. It is related that Muhammad ibn al-Munkadir said, "Jabir prayed in his wrapper which he tied round his neck, while his clothes were hanging on a peg beside him. Someone asked him, 'Do you pray in a single wrapper?' He said, 'I did that so that a fool like you might see me. Which of us had two garments in the time of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace?'"

346. It is related that Muhammad ibn al-Munkadir said, "I saw Jabir ibn 'Abdullah praying in a single garment and he said, 'I saw the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, praying wearing a single cloth.'" III: Praying wrapped in a single cloth Az-Zuhri said in his hadith, "Wrapped in the tawashshuh style, which is that the ends of the garment are crossed over the shoulders, with one end over one shoulder and the other under the opposite arm. He said that Umm Hani' said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, wrapped himself in a garment and the ends were crossed over his shoulders." 347. It is related from 'Umar ibn Abi Salama that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prayed in a single garment with its ends crossed. 348. It is related that 'Umar ibn Abi Salama saw the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, praying in a single garment in the house of Umm Salama and he had crossed its ends over his shoulders. 349. It is related that 'Umar ibn Abi Salama said, "I saw the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, praying in the house of Umm Salama wrapped in a single garment, having placed the ends of it over his shoulders. 350. It is related that Abu Muraa, the mawla of Umm Hani' bint Abi Talib, heard Umm Hani' bint Abi Talib say, "I went to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, in the year of the Conquest of Makka and found him doing ghusl, with his daughter Fatima screening him. I greeted him and he asked, 'Who is this?' I said, 'It is Umm Hani' bint Abi Talib.' He said, 'Welcome, Umm Hani'.' When he finished his ghusl, he stood up and prayed eight rak'ats wrapped in a single cloth. When he finished, I said, 'Messenger of Allah, my brother claims that he is going to kill a man to whom I have given protection. It is so-and-so, the son of Hubayra.' The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'We give protection to the one to whom you have given protection, Umm Hani'.'" (Muwatta, Book 9, 31) Umm Hani' said that that happened in the morning. 351. It is related from Abu Hurayra that someone asked the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, about praying wearing a single garment and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Do all of you have two garments?" (Muwatta, Book 8, 31) IV: If someone prays in a single cloth, he should put its ends over his shoulders.

352. It is related that Abu Hurayra said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'None of you should pray in a single cloth, none of which is covering his shoulders.'" 353. It is related that Abu Hurayra was heard to say, "I testify that I heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, 'Someone who prays in a single garment must cross its ends over.'" V: If the cloth is narrow 354. It is related that Sa'id ibn al-Harith said, "We asked Jabir ibn 'Abdullah about praying in a single cloth. He said, 'I went out with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, on one of his journeys. One night I went to him for some reason and found him praying. I was wearing a single garment. I wrapped myself in it and prayed beside him. When he finished, he said, 'What is your purpose, Jabir?' I told him what I wanted and when I had concluded, he said, 'What is this covering business I saw you do?' I said, 'I was wearing a single cloth.' He said, 'If it is wide enough, wrap yourself in it, but if it is narrow then use it as a waist-wrapper.'" (Muwatta, Book 8, 35) 355. It is related that Sahl said, "Some men used to pray with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, with their wrappers tied around their necks like boys do. The women were told not to raise their heads until the men were sitting up straight." VI: Praying wearing a Syrian cloak Al-Hasan said that he did not see any harm in clothes woven by a Magian. Ma'mar said, "I saw az-Zuhri wearing Yemeni garments which had been dyed with urine. 'Ali prayed in a garment before it had been washed. 356. It is related that al-Mughira ibn Shu'ba said, "Once when I was with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, on a journey he said, 'Mughira, hold this small container of water for me.' I took it and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went on until he disappeared from my sight and relieved himself. He was wearing a Syrian cloak. He tried to extend his arm out through the sleeve, but it was tight, so he pulled his arm out from underneath it. I poured for him and he did wudu' for the prayer, wiping over his leather socks, and then prayed. VII: The undesirability of being naked in the prayer and elsewhere 357. Jabir ibn 'Abdullah was heard to relate that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was carrying stones with them for the Ka'ba. He was wearing a waistwrapper. His uncle, al-'Abbas, said to him, 'Nephew, will you take off your wrapper and put it on your shoulders underneath the stones?' He removed his wrapper and put it onto his shoulders and then fell unconscious. After that he was never seen naked." VIII: Praying in a shirt, trousers, knee-length shorts and qaba' (outer garment with long sleeves)

358. It is related that Abu Hurayra said, "A man came to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and asked about praying in a single garment. He said, 'Do all of you have two garments?' Then a man asked 'Umar who said, 'When Allah enriches you, then expend more. A man should combine his garments A man can pray in a waist-wrapper and cloak (rida'), in a wrapper and a shirt, in a wrapper and qaba', in trousers and a cloak, in trousers and a shirt, in trousers and a qaba', in long shorts and a qaba', and in long shorts and a shirt.'" He said, "I think he also said "in long shorts and a cloak." 359. It is related that Ibn 'Umar said, "A man asked the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, 'What should someone in ihram wear?' He said, 'He should not wear a shirt, trousers, burnoose or clothes coloured with saffron or wars (a yellow dye). If someone cannot find any sandals, he can wear leather socks but cut short so that they come below the ankles.'" Nafi' reports the same from Ibn 'Umar from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. IX: What should be used to cover private parts 360. It is related that Abu Sa'id al-Khudri said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, forbade the samma' style of wrapping (wrapping yourself in a garment in such a way that you cannot put your hands out) and a man wearing a single cloth sitting with his legs drawn up when none of it was covering his private parts. 361. It is related that Abu Hurayra said, "The Prophet forbade two kinds of sales: limas(a sale which is concluded when an article is touched) and nibadh (when an article is thrown to a buyer) and the samma' style of wrapping and a man sitting with his legs drawn up in a single garment." 362. It is related that Abu Hurayra said, "On that hajj Abu Bakr sent me with the callers on the Day of Sacrifice. At Mina we called out, 'No pagan is to make the hajj after this year and no one is to do tawaf of the House naked.'" Humayd ibn 'Abdu'r-Rahman said, "Then the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, sent 'Ali out and commanded him to call out Surat Bara'a (i.e. Surat at-Tawba (9))." Abu Hurayra said, "'Ali called out with us on the Day of Sacrifice to the people at Mina, 'No pagan is to make the hajj after this year and no one is to do tawaf of the house naked.'" X: Praying without a cloak 363. It is related that Muhammad ibn al-Munkadir said, "I came upon Jabir ibn 'Abdullah when he was praying in a garment which was wrapped about him. His cloak had been laid aside. When he finished, we said, 'Abu 'Abdullah! Do you pray with your cloak lying there at your side?' He

said, 'Yes, I wanted ignorant people like you to see me. I saw the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, praying like that.'" XI: What is said about the thigh It is related from Ibn 'Abbas, Jarhad and Muhammad ibn Jahsh from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,"The thigh is one of the private parts." Anas said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, uncovered his thigh." Thehadith of Anas is stronger, but the hadith of Jarhad is more complete in order to resolve the disagreement of the scholars .Abu Musa said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, covered his knees when 'Uthman entered." Zayd ibn Thabit said, "Allah sent down revelation on His Messenger, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, while his thigh was resting on my thigh and it became so heavy that I was afraid that it would bruise my thigh." 364. It is related from Anas, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, raided Khaybar and we prayed the Morning Prayer there when it was still dark. The Prophet of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, mounted, Abu Talha mounted, and I followed behind Abu Talha. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, rode quickly through the lane of Khaybar and my knee touched the thigh of the Prophet of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. He had removed the wrapper from his thigh so that I could see the whiteness of the thigh of the Prophet of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. When he entered the town, he said, 'Allah is greater! Khaybar is ruined. When we alight in the courtyard of a people, it is an evil morning for those who have been warned.' He said this three times. The people came out for their jobs and said, 'Muhammad!'" 'Abdu'l-'Aziz said, "Some of our companions said, 'and the army." Anas said, "We took it by force and the captives were rounded up. Dihya came and said, 'Prophet of Allah! Give me a slavegirl from the captives.' He said, 'Go and take a slavegirl.' He took Safiyya bint Huyayy. A man came to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and said, 'Prophet of Allah, you have given Dihya Safiyya bint Huyayy, the mistress of Qurayza and an-Nadir. She is suitable for none but you.' He said, 'Tell him to bring her.' He brought her and when the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, looked at her, he said, 'Take a slavegirl from the captives other than this one.' The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, set her free and married her." Thabit said to him, "O Abu Hamza, what was her bride-price?" He said, "Herself He set her free and married her. When they were on the way back, Umm Sulaym decked her out for him and sent her to him as a bride in the night. So the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,

got up in the morning as a bridegroom and said, 'If anyone has anything, he should bring it.' He spread out a leather mat and one man brought dates while someone else brought ghee - I think that he also mentioned sawiq (mash from wheat or barley) - They made hays and that was the wedding feast of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace." XII: How much a woman should wear when praying 'Ikrima said, "If she can cover her body with a single garment, that is enough." 365. It is related that 'A'isha said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, would pray the Fajr prayer and some of the believing women used to be present with him, wrapped up in their garments and then they would return to their homes without anyone recognising them." XIII: When someone prays in a patterned garment and looks at the pattern 366. It is related from 'A'isha that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prayed in a long shirt which had a pattern on it and glanced once at the pattern. When he finished, he said, "Take this shirt of mine to Abu Jahm and bring me Abu Jahm's anbijaniyya [a garment without any pattern on it." It has just distracted me from my prayer." It is related from 'A'isha that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "I was looking at its pattern while I was praying and I was afraid it might distract me." XIV: If a person prays in a garment with a cross or pictures on it, does that invalidate his prayer? What is forbidden in that respect 367. It is related from Anas that 'A'isha had a thin patterned curtain which she used to screen off one side of her room. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Remove this curtain of yours from our sight. Its pictures keep appearing in my prayer." XV: Someone praying in a silk garment and then removing it 368. It is related that 'Uqba ibn 'Amir said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was given a silk garment and put it on and prayed in it. When he finished, he wrenched it off violently as if it was hateful to him and said, 'This is not appropriate for those who fear Allah.'" XVI: Praying in a red garment 369. It is related from Abu Juhayfa that his father said, "I saw the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, in a red leather tent and I saw Bilal take the left-over wudu' water of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. I saw the people racing one another to get that wudu' water. Anyone who managed to get some of it would rub it on himself and those who did not get any of it would take some of the moisture from the hands of their

friends. Then I saw Bilal take a short spear and plant it firmly in the ground. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came out wearing a gathered-up red robe, and, with the spear in front of him, led the people in prayer. I saw people and animals passing in front of the spear." XVII: Praying on the roof, on the minbar and on wood Abu 'Abdullah said, "Al-Hasan saw nothing wrong in praying on ice or on bridges, even if there was urine flowing under them or over or in front of them provided there was asutra between him and it." Abu Hurayra prayed on the roof of the mosque following the Imam's prayer and Ibn 'Umar prayed on snow. 370. It is related that Abu Hazim said, "They asked Sahl ibn Sa'd, 'What was the minbar made out of?' He said, 'No one is left who knows that better than I do. It was made of tamarisk from alGhaba. So-and-so, the mawla of so-and-so, made it for the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and when it had been made and put in place the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, stood on it, faced the qibla and said, "Allah is greater." The people stood behind him. He recited and bowed and the people bowed behind him. Then he raised his head and stepped down and prostrated on the ground. Then he returned to the minbar and bowed again and raised his head. Then he stepped back down to prostrate on the ground. This is what I know about it." 'Ali ibn 'Abdullah said that Ahmad ibn Hanbal asked him about this hadith. He said, "I meant that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was higher than the people, so, according to this hadith, there is no harm in the Imam being higher than the people." I said, "Sufyan ibn 'Uyayna used to be asked about this a lot, so did you not hear it from him?" He said, "No." 371. It is related from Anas ibn Malik, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, fell off his horse and his leg or shoulder was scraped. He swore to stay away from his wives for a month and he stayed in an attic room of his which had stairs made of palm trunks. His Companions came to visit him and he prayed with them sitting while they stood up. When he gave the salam, he said, 'The Imam is to be followed. So when he says the takbir, you say the takbir. When he bows, you bow. When he prostrates, you prostrate. If he prays standing you pray standing.' He came down after twenty-nine days. They said, 'Messenger of Allah, you swore that you would not go to your wives for a month.' He said, 'The month is twenty-nine days.'" XVIII: When the garment of someone praying touches his wife when he prostrates

372. It is related that Maymuna said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, would pray with me next to him when I was menstruating. Sometimes his garment would touch me when he prostrated." She continued, "He used to pray on a small mat." XIX: Praying on a straw mat Jabir and Abu Sa'id prayed standing up in a boat. Al-Hasan said, "You can pray standing as long as it does not cause hardship to your companions and you turn with the ship. Otherwise you should pray sitting down." 373. It is related from Anas ibn Malik that his grandmother, Mulayka, invited the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, for some food which she had prepared for him. He ate some of it and then said, "Get up. I will lead you in prayer." Anas said, "I went to fetch our mat which had become black from long use and I sprinkled it with water. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, stood on it and the orphan and I lined up behind him and the old woman stood behind us. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prayed tworak'ats with us and then left. XX: Praying on a small mat 374. It is related that Maymuna said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to pray on a small mat." XXI: Praying on a bed Anas prayed on his bed. Anas said, "We used to pray with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and some of us would prostrate on our clothes." 375. It is related that 'A'isha, the wife of the Prophet, said. "I used to sleep directly in front of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and my legs were in his qibla. When he prostrated, he would nudge me and I would pull up my legs. When he stood up, I stretched them out again." She added, "In those days there were no lamps in the houses." (Muwatta, Book 7, 3) 376. It is related from 'Urwa that 'A'isha informed him that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to pray with her stretched out on the family bed between him and the qibla like a corpse at a funeral. 377. It is related from 'Urwa that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to pray with 'A'isha lying between him and the qibla on the bed on which they slept. XXII: Prostrating on a garment when it is very hot Al-Hasan said, "People used to prostrate on their turbans and head coverings with their hands in their sleeves."

378. It is related that Anas ibn Malik said, "We used to pray with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and some of us would put down the ends of our garments in the place we were going to prostrate because of the intense heat." XXIII: Praying in sandals 379. It is related that Abu Maslama, Sa'id ibn Yazid al-Azdi, said, "I asked Anas ibn Malik, 'Did the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, pray in his sandals?' and he said,'Yes.'" XXIV: To pray in leather socks 380. It is related that Hammam ibn al-Harith said, "I saw Jarir ibn 'Abdullah urinating. Then he did wudu', wiping over his leather socks. Then he stood up and prayed. He was asked about this and said, 'I saw the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, do the same as this.'" Ibrahim said that they had a high opinion of this because Jarir was one of the last of those who became Muslim. 381. It is related that al-Mughira ibn Shu'ba said, "I assisted the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, in wudu' and he wiped over his leather socks and prayed. XXV: When the prostration is not completed 382. It is reported from Hudhayfa that he saw a man who did not complete his ruku' or prostration. When he finished his prayer, Hudhayfa said to him, "You have not prayed." He added, "I think that he also said, "If you were to die, you would have died following other than the sunna of Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace." XXVI: In prostration you should show your armpits and keep your arms away from your body. 383. It is related from 'Abdullah ibn Malik ibn Buhayna that when the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prayed, he spread his arms to the extent that the whiteness of his armpits became visible. Al-Layth said that Ja'far ibn Rabi'a related the same.

The Sahih Collection of al-Bukhari by Imam Bukhari Translated by: Ustadha Aisha Bewley
Chapter 10: The Qibla I: The excellence of facing the qibla with the toes also facing qibla Abu Humayd mentioned that from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. 384. It is related that Anas ibn Malik said that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Whoever prays our prayer and faces our qibla and eats what we slaughter, he is a Muslim and is under the protection of Allah and the protection of His Messenger. Do not act treacherously against Allah with respect to those under His protection." 385. It is related that Anas ibn Malik said that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "I am commanded to fight people until they say, 'There is no god but Allah.' When they say this and pray our prayer, face our qibla and slaughter as we slaughter, then their blood and property are forbidden to us unless we have a right to them and their reckoning is up to Allah." Related with a different isnad from Anas. Maymun ibn Siyah related that he asked Anas ibn Malik, "Abu Hamza, what makes people's blood and property unlawful?" He replied, "Anyone who testifies that there is no god but Allah, faces our qibla, prays our prayer and eats what we slaughter is a Muslim. He is owed what is owed to any Muslim and has the same obligations as any other Muslim." II: The qibla of the people of Madina, the people of Syria and the East There is no qibla to the east or west based on the statement of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, "Do not face the qibla while defecating or urinating, but face east or west." 386. It is related from Abu Ayyub al-Ansari that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When you defecate, do not face the qibla nor turn your back to it. Rather face the west or the east." Abu Ayyub said, "We went to Syria and found lavatories which had been built facing the qibla. We turned at an angle and asked Allah's forgiveness." It is related that 'Ata' heard the same from Abu Ayyub from the Prophet. III: The words of Allah, "Take the Maqam of Ibrahim as a place of prayer." (2:125)

387. It is related from 'Amr ibn Dinar, "We asked Ibn 'Umar whether a man who doestawaf around the Ka'ba for 'umra but has not done tawaf between Safa and Marwa can have sexual intercourse with his wife. He said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came and did tawaf of the House seven times and prayed two rak'atsbehind the Maqam and then did tawaf between Safa and Marwa. "You have an excellent example in the Messenger of Allah".' We asked Jabir ibn 'Abdullah and he said, 'He should not approach her until he has done tawaf between Safa and Marwa." 388. It is related that Mujahid said, "Someone came to Ibn 'Umar and told him, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, has just entered the Ka'ba.' Ibn 'Umar said, 'I arrived to find that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had already left, but I found Bilal standing between the two doors. I asked Bilal saying, "Did the Prophet pray in the Ka'ba?" He said, "Yes, two rak'ats between the two pillars on the left as you enter. Then he came out and prayed two rak'ats facing the Ka'ba."'" 389. Ibn 'Abbas was heard to say, "When the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, entered the House, he made supplication in each of its corners and did not pray until he had come out of it. When he came out, he did two rak'ats facing the Ka'ba and stated, 'This is the qibla.'" IV: Facing the qibla wherever you are Abu Hurayra said that Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Face the qibla and say, 'Allah is greater.'" 390. It is related that al-Bara' ibn 'Azib said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prayed towards Jerusalem for sixteen or seventeen months although the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, would have liked to face the Ka'ba. Then Allah revealed, 'We have seen you looking up into heaven, turning this way and that...' (2:144) so he turned to face towards the Ka'ba and the foolish people - in other words the Jews - said, 'What has made them turn around from the direction they used to face?' Say:"Both East and West belong to Allah. He guides whoever He wills to a straight path."' A man prayed with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and then went out after he had prayed and passed by some of the Ansar who were doing the 'Asr prayer facing Jerusalem. He said that he testified that he had prayed with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, facing towards the Ka'ba. So the people turned right round so that they were facing towards the Ka'ba." 391. It is related that Jabir said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to pray on his mount whichever way it turned but when he wanted to do the obligatory prayer, he would dismount and face the qibla."

392. It is related that 'Abdullah said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prayed. - (Ibrahim said, "I do not know whether he added to it or did less.") - After he had said the salam, someone asked, 'Messenger of Allah, is there something new in the prayer?' He said, 'What new thing?' They said, 'You prayed such-and-such.' He turned his feet, faced the qibla, did two prostrations and then said the salam. When he turned to face us, he said, 'If there had been something new in the prayer, I would have informed you about it, but I am a human being like yourselves and I forget as you forget. So if I forget, remind me. If anyone has any doubt about his prayer, he should build on what he knows to be right and complete it on that basis. Then he should say the salamand then do two prostrations.'" V: What has come about the qibla. Someone who did not think that the prayer should be repeated if a person inadvertantly prays to other than to the qibla. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, gave the salam after two rak'atsof Dhuhr and turned to face the people and then completed the rest. 393. It is related that 'Umar said, "My Lord agreed with me regarding three things. I said, 'Messenger of Allah, if only we could take the Maqam of Ibrahim as a place of prayer,' and it was revealed, "Take the Station of Ibrahim as a place of prayer."Regarding the ayat of the veil, I said, 'Messenger of Allah, I wish you would order your wives to veil themselves because both pious and corrupt men speak to them,' and theayat of veiling (33:59) was revealed. The wives of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, once banded together against him and I said to them, 'Perhaps his Lord will give him better wives than you if he divorces you,' and the verse regarding this was revealed." (66:5) 394. Anas was heard to relate this. 395. It is related that 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar said, "While the people were performing theSubh prayer at Quba', someone came to them and said, 'In the night some Qur'an was revealed to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and he was commanded to face the Ka'ba, so face it.' They had been facing Syria and so they turned around towards the Ka'ba." (Muwatta, Book 14, 6) 396. It is related that 'Abdullah said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, once prayed five rak'ats for Dhuhr and they said, 'Has there been an increase in the prayer?' He said, 'What increase?' They said, 'You prayed five rak'ats.' He turned his feet and performed two prostrations."

The Sahih Collection of al-Bukhari by Imam Bukhari Translated by: Ustadha Aisha Bewley
Chapter 11: Mosques I: Scraping off sputum from the mosque using the hand 397. It is related from Anas that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, saw some phlegm in the qibla and that distressed him to the extent that it could be seen in his face. He got up and scraped it off with his hand and said, "When one of you stands in his prayer, he is in close conversation with his Lord or his Lord is between him and hisqibla. Therefore no one should spit in the direction of his qibla, but to his left or under his foot." Then he took the end of his cloak and spat in it and folded it over and said, "Or he could do this." 398. It is related from 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, saw some sputum on the wall of the qibla and scraped it off. Then he turned towards the people and said, "When any of you are praying, you should not spit in front of you for Allah is in front of you when you pray." (Muwatta, Book 14, 4) 399. It is related from 'A'isha, Umm al-Mu'minin, that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, saw some mucus, phlegm or sputum on the wall of theqibla and scraped it off. (Muwatta, Book 14, 5) II: Scraping off mucus from the mosque using stones 400. It is related from Abu Hurayra and Abu Sa'id that the Messenger of Allah saw, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, some phlegm on the mosque wall and got some stones and scraped it off and said, "If one of you spits, he should not spit in front of him nor to his right. He should spit to his left or under his left foot." III: Not spitting to the right during the prayer 401. It is related from Abu Hurayra and Abu Sa'id that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, saw some phlegm on the wall of the mosque.. see 400 with slightly different wording. 402. It is related that Anas was heard to say that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "None of you should spit in front of him or to his right, but rather to his left or under his foot." IV: Spitting to the left or under the left foot 403. It is related that Anas ibn Malik was heard to say that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When the believer is doing the prayer he is in close conversation with his Lord, so he should not spit in front of him or to his right, but to his left or under his foot."

404. It is related from Abu Sa'id that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, saw some phlegm in the qibla of the mosque and scraped it off with some stones. Then he forbade people spitting to the front or to the right, but said they should do it to the left on under the left foot. Humayd heard the same from Abu Sa'id. V: The expiation for spitting in the mosque 405. It is related that Anas ibn Malik was heard to say that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Spitting in the mosque is a wrong action and its expiation is to bury it." VI: Burying phlegm in the mosque 406. It is related that Abu Hurayra was heard to say that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When any of you stand to do the prayer, you should not spit in front of you. You are in close conversation with Allah as long as you are in the prayer. You should not spit to your right for there is an angel on your right. You should spit to your left or under your foot, and bury it." VII: When someone has to spit, he should do so into the end of his garment 407. It is related from Anas that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, saw some phlegm in the qibla and scraped it off with his hand and his dislike could be seen, or his dislike of that and annoyance about it could be seen. He said: "When one of you stands in his prayer, he is in close conversation with his Lord or his Lord is between him and his qibla. Therefore no one should spit in the direction of his qibla, but to his left or under his foot." Then he took the end of his cloak and spat in it and folded it over and said, "Or he could do this." VIII: The Imam warning the people about doing the prayer properly and mentioning theqibla 408. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Do you think that my qibla is this way? By Allah, Your humbleness is not hidden from me nor is your bowing. I can see you behind my back.' (Muwatta, Book 9, 73) 409. It is related that Anas ibn Malik said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, led us in prayer and then ascended the minbar and said, "During the prayer and when bowing I see you behind me as I see you.as I see you now." IX: Is it permissable to say, "the mosque of such-and-such a clan"? 410. It is related from 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, organised a race between trained horses which was to go from al-Hafya' to Thaniyatu'l-Wada', and a race between untrained horses from ath-Thaniya to the Mosque of the Banu Zurayq. 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar was one of those who took part in the race. [From al-Hafya' to Thaniyatu'l-Wada' was about five miles.]

X: Distribution of sadaqa, and hanging up bunches of dates, in the mosque 411. It is related that Anas said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was brought some goods from Bahrayn. He said, "Lay them out in the mosque.' It was the largest amount that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had ever received. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went out to the prayer and did not even glance at them. When he finished the prayer, he came and sat down by them. He gave something to everyone he saw. When al-'Abbas came to him, he said, 'Messenger of Allah, give some to me, for I ransomed myself and 'Aqil.'' The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to him, 'Take some.' He filled up his garment and then tried to lift it but could not. He said, 'Messenger of Allah, tell someone to help me lift it.' He said, 'No.' Then he said, 'Then you help me lift it?' He said, 'No.' So he discarded some of it and then tried to lift it again and said, 'Messenger of Allah, tell one of them to help me lift it.' He said, 'No.' He said, 'Then you help me lift it?' He said, 'No.' So he discarded some more and hoisted it up onto his shoulders and left. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, continued to follow him with his eye until he disappeared from view out of astonishment at his greed. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did not get up until there was not a dirham of it left." XI: Receiving an invitation in the mosque to eat and accepting the invitation 412. It is related that Anas was heard to say, "I found the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, in the mosque and there were some people with him. He said to me, 'Did Abu Talha send you?' I said, 'Yes.' He said, 'For a meal?' I said, 'Yes.' He said to those who were with him, 'Get up.' Then he set off and I went ahead of them." XII: Giving judgements, and li'an between men and women, in the mosque 413. It is related from Sahl ibn Sa'id that a man said, "Messenger of Allah, what is your opinion about a man who finds another man with his wife? Should he kill him?" Sahl said, "Subseqently the couple did li'an in the mosque and I was present." XIII: When someone enters a house, should he pray wherever he likes or where he is told to. He should not pry. 414. It is related from 'Itban ibn Malik that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, visited him in his house and said, "Where in your house would you like me lead you in prayer?" He said, "I pointed to a place and the Prophet said the takbir and we formed rows behind him. He prayed two rak'ats." XIV: Mosques inside houses. Al-Bara' ibn 'Azib prayed group prayers in his mosque inside his house. 415. It is related that 'Itban ibn Malik, one of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and one of the Ansar who was present at Badr, came to the

Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and said, "Messenger of Allah, my eyesight is weak and I lead my people in prayer. When it rains, the water flows in the river bed between me and them so that I am unable to get to their mosque and lead them in the prayer. Messenger of Allah, I would very much like you to come and pray in my house so that I could take it as a prayer-place." The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to him "I will do that, if Allah wills." 'Itban said, "The following day when the sun was well up, the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and Abu Bakr came and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, asked for permission to enter and I gave him permission. He did not sit down when he entered the house but said, "Where in your house would you like me to pray." I indicated to him a place in the house. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, stood and said the takbir, and we stood and formed rows. He prayed two rak'ats and then said the salam. We persuaded him stay with us to eat a dish of khazira which we had prepared for him. Quite a number of men from our clan had gathered in the house and one of them said, 'Where is Malik ibn ad-Dukhayshin or Ibn ad-Dukhshun?' Another of them said, 'That man is a hypocrite who does not love Allah and His Messenger.' The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Do not say that. Do you not see that he has said, "There is no god but Allah," desiring by that only the face of Allah?' The man said, 'Allah and His Messenger know best,' adding, 'We have seen him going off with and advising the hypocrites.' The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Allah has forbidden the Fire for anyone who says "There is no god but Allah" desiring by that the face of Allah.'" (Muwatta, Book 9, 89) [khazira: meat stew] Ibn Shihab said, "Then I asked al-Husayn ibn Muhammad al-Ansari, one of the Banu Salim and one of their best men, about the hadith of Mahmud ibn ar-Rabi' and he confirmed it." XV: Putting the right foot first when entering the mosque and other places Ibn 'Umar put his right foot first, and then when he left, he put his left foot first. 416. It is related that 'A'isha said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, liked to begin with the right in all matters as much as possible; in his purification, combing and putting on shoes." XVI: Is it permitted to dig up the graves of idolaters from the time of Jahiliyya and to use the place as a mosque, taking note of the saying of the Prophet, "Allah cursed the Jews who took the

graves of their Prophets as mosques." What is disliked concerning praying where there are graves. 'Umar saw Anas ibn Malik praying where there was a grave and said, "The grave! The grave!" But he did not order him to repeat it. 417. It is related from 'A'isha that Umm Habiba and Umm Salama mentioned a church they had seen in Abyssinia in which there were pictures. They mentioned it to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and he said, "Among those people, if a virtuous man dies, they build a place of worship over his grave and paint those pictures in it. Those people are the worst of creatures in the sight of Allah on the Day of Rising." 418. It is related that Anas said, "When the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came to Madina, he stopped at 'Awali al-Madina in an area lived in by a clan called the Banu 'Amr ibn 'Awf. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, stayed among them for fourteen nights. Then he sent for the Banu'n-Najjar who came with their swords girded on. It is as if I could see them now, the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, on his camel and Abu Bakr riding behind him with the Banu'n-Najjar all gathered around him, continuing until he arrived at the courtyard of Abu Ayyub. He liked to pray wherever he was when the prayer time came. He would even pray in sheepfolds. He ordered the mosque to be built and sent for some of the Banu'n-Najjar saying, 'Banu'n-Najjar, tell me the price of this walled garden of yours.' They said, 'No, by Allah! We ask for no payment except from Allah!" Anas said, "The place I am telling you about contained pagan graves and some ruins and also some palm-trees. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, ordered the graves of the pagans to be dug up and the ruins to be levelled and the palm-trees to be cut down. The palm trunks were lined up to form the mosque's qibla and its two sides walls were made of stone. They used to recite rhyming verses while carrying the stones. And the Prophet was with them saying: 'O Allah, there is no good except the good of the Next World so grant forgiveness to the Ansar and the Muhajirun.'" XVII: Praying in sheep-folds 419. It is related that Abu't-Tiyah said, "Anas said, 'The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to pray in sheep folds.' Then I later heard him say, 'He used to pray in sheepfolds before the mosque was built.'" XVIII: Praying in camel-yards 420. It is related that Nafi' said, "I saw Ibn 'Umar praying with his camel in front of him and he said, 'I saw the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, doing it.'"

XIX: Praying towards an oven, fire, or anything else which people worship, while intending to worship Allah. Az-Zuhri said that Anas informed him that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The Fire was displayed before me while I was praying." 421. It is related that 'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas said, "There was an eclipse of the sun and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prayed and then said, 'I was shown the Fire and I have never seen a more horrendous sight than that of today.'" XX: The undesirability of praying in graveyards 422. It is related from Ibn 'Umar that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Do some of your prayers in your houses and do not make them into graves." XXI: Praying in places where the earth has caved in or on which punishment has fallen. It is said that 'Ali disliked praying at Babylon where the earth had caved in. 423. It is related from 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Do not enter places of people on whom punishment has fallen unless you are weeping. If you are not weeping do not enter them, lest what befell them befalls you." XXII: Praying in a church or temple. 'Umar said, "We do not enter your churches because of the statues and pictures in them." Ibn 'Abbas used to pray in a church provided there were no statues in it. 424. It is related from 'A'isha that Umm Salama mentioned to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, a church, which she had seen in Abyssinia, called Mariya. She told him about the pictures she had seen in it and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Those are a people who, when a righteous slave or righteous man among them dies, build a place of worship over his grave and paint those pictures in it. They are the worst of creatures in the sight of Allah." 425. It is related that 'A'isha and 'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas said, "When the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was dying, he began pulling his khamisa(blanket) over his face but when he felt suffocated by it, he removed it from his face and at that point he said, 'May the curse of Allah be upon the Jews and the Christians who took the graves of their Prophets as places of worship.' He was warning against what they had done." 426. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "May Allah make war on the Jews who took the graves of their Prophets as places of worship."

XXIII: The saying of the Prophet, "For me, the whole earth has been made a mosque and made pure." 427. See Bukhari, Book 7, 328. XXIV: A woman sleeping in the mosque 428. It is related from 'A'isha, "There was a black slavegirl who belonged to an Arab tribe. They set her free and she stayed with them. She said, 'One of their girls once went out wearing a red leather jewelled scarf She put it down or it fell off and a kite flew by it as it was lying there and, thinking it was meat, made off with it. They looked for it but could not find it and so they suspected me of taking it.' They began to search her and even searched her private parts.The girl went on, 'By Allah, I was standing with them when the kite flew over and dropped it and it fell among them. I said, 'This is what you suspected me and accused me of and I am innocent of it. There it is.'" 'A'isha said, "She came to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and became a Muslim. She had a tent or small hut in the mosque. She used to come to me and talk with me. She never sat with me without saying: 'The day of the scarf was one of the marvels of our Lord Yes indeed! He surely rescued me from the land of unbelief.' "I asked her, 'What is it with you? Whenever you sit with me, you say this.' So she told me the story." XXV: A man sleeping in the mosque Abu Qilaba said that Anas said, "A group of people from 'Ukl came to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and stayed in the Suffa." 'Abdu'r-Rahman ibn Abi Bakr said, "The people of the Suffa were the poor people." 429. It is related that 'Abdullah (ibn 'Umar) used to sleep in the mosque of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, when he was young and unmarried, without any family. 430. It is related that Sahl ibn Sa'id said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went to Fatima's house and did not find 'Ali at home. He said, 'Where is your cousin?' She said, 'We had a difference of opinion and he got angry with me and went out. He did not take his mid-day nap here with me.' The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to someone, 'See where he is.' He came back and said, 'Messenger of Allah, he is sleeping in the mosque.' The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went and found 'Ali lying there. His cloak had fallen from on top of him and had become

covered with dust. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, began to dust it off, saying, 'Get up, Abu Turab (Dusty one)! Get up, Abu Turab!'" 431. It is related that Abu Hurayra said, "I saw seventy of the people of the Suffa and not a man among them had a cloak. They either had a waist wrapper or a sheet (kisa') which they tied round their necks, some reaching to the middle of their legs and some reaching to the ankles. They would gather them in their hands, not wanting their private parts to be seen." XXVI: Praying on returning from a journey Ka'b ibn Malik said, "Whenever the Prophet returned from a journey, he would first go to the mosque and pray there." 432. It is related that Jabir ibn 'Abdullah said, "I arrived finding the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, in the mosque. (Mis'ar said that he thought that he said in the morning) He said, 'Pray two rak'ats.' He owed me something and he repaid me giving me some extra." XXVII: On entering a mosque you should pray two rak'ats 433. It is related from Abu Qatada as-Salami that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Whenever one of you enters the mosque, he should pray two rak'ats before sitting down." (Muwatta, Book 9, 60) XXVIII: Breaking wudu' in the mosque 434. It is related that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The angels pray for every one of you as long as you remain in the place in which you prayed and do not break wudu', saying, 'O Allah, forgive him! O Allah, show mercy to him!'" XXIX: The building of the mosque Abu Sa'id said, "The roof of the mosque was made of palm fronds." 'Umar ordered the mosque to be extended and said, "Shelter the people from the rain. Beware of using red and yellow for they are a trial for people." Anas said, "They will boast about them and then only a few will use them." Ibn 'Abbas said, "You will decorate them as the Jews and Christians did." 435. It is related that 'Abdullah (ibn 'Umar) reported that in the time of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, the mosque was built of unfired bricks. Its roof was made of palm fronds and its pillars were the trunks of palm-trees. Abu Bakr did not add anything to it. 'Umar added to it, building in the same way that had been employed in the time of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace - using unburnt bricks and palmbranches - but replacing its pillars with wooden ones. Then 'Uthman changed it and enlarged it a great deal, building its walls of engraved stone and plaster and giving it pillars of engraved stone and a roof of teak. XXX: Cooperating in the building of the mosque

"It is not for the idolaters to frequent Allah's mosques, bearing witness against themselves of their unbelief. They are the ones whose actions come to nothing. They will be in the Fire timelessly, forever. The mosques of Allah are only frequented by those who believe in Allah and the Last Day and establish the prayer and pay zakat, and fear no one but Allah. They are the people most likely to be guided." (9:17-18) 436. It is related from 'Ikrima, "Ibn 'Abbas said to me and his son 'Ali, 'Go to Abu Sa'id and listen to some of his hadith.' We went and he was doing some work in a garden. He took his cloak and sat down, wrapping his legs with it, and then began to tell us hadithsuntil he reached the account of the construction of the mosque. He said, 'We were carrying one brick at a time but 'Ammar carried two. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, saw him and brushed the dust from him, saying, "May Allah have mercy on 'Ammar! An unjust party will kill him while he is calling them to the Garden and they are calling him to the Fire." 'Ammar said, "I seek refuge with Allah from tribulation."'" XXXI: Making use of carpenters and other craftsmen in constructing the minbar and the mosque 437. It is related that Sahl said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, sent a message to a woman saying, 'Ask your slave, the carpenter, to make a woooden structure for me to sit on.'" 438. It is related from Jabir that a woman said, "Messenger of Allah, shall I have something made for you to sit on? I have a slave who is a carpenter." He said, "If you like." So she had the minbar made. XXXII: Someone who builds a mosque 439. 'Ubaydullah al-Khawlani was heard to say, "I heard 'Uthman ibn 'Affan say in response to what people were saying about him when he was rebuilding the mosque of Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, 'You have said more than enough. I heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, "Whoever builds a mosque (Bukayr said, "I thought that he said, "Seeking by it the face of Allah,"), Allah will build the same for him in the Garden."'" XXXIII: Holding arrows by their heads when passing through a mosque 440. It is related that Jabir ibn 'Abdullah was heard to say, "A man passed through the mosque carrying some arrows and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to him, 'Hold them by their heads.'" XXXIV: Passing through a mosque 441. It is related from Abu Burda from his father that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,said, "Whoever passes through any of our mosques or markets carrying arrows should hold them by their heads so that no Muslim will be injured at his hand." XXXV: Poetry in the mosque

442. It is related that Hassan ibn Thabit al-Ansari was heard to ask Abu Hurayra, "I ask you by Allah, did you hear the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, 'Hasan, reply in defence of the Messenger of Allah! O Allah, help him by means of the Pure Spirit!'" Abu Hurayra replied, "Yes." XXXVI: Spearmen in the mosque 443. It is related that 'A'isha said, "One day I saw the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, at the door of my room when the Abyssinians were playing a game in the mosque. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, screened me with his cloak so that I could watch their game." It was added that 'Urwa said that 'A'isha said, "I saw the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, when the Abyssinians were playing with their spears." XXXVII: Mentioning buying and selling on the minbar in the mosque 444. It is related from 'A'isha that Barira came to her to ask her help in buying her freedomcontract (kitaba). She told her, "If you like, I will pay off your people but yourwala' will go to me." Her owners said, "If you like, you can give her what remains (Sufyan said once, "If you like, you can set her free.") but her wala' will remain with us." When the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came, she mentioned that to him. He said, "Buy her and set her free. The wala' goes to the one who sets her free." Then the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, stood on the minbar (Sufyan said once, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, ascended the minbar") and said, "Why is it that some people make conditions which are not in the Book of Allah? Any condition which is not in the Book of Allah is invalid even if it is stipulated a hundred times." 'Amra was heard to say, "I heard 'A'isha..." Malik related it from Yahya from 'Amra but did not mentioning ascending the minbar. XXXVIII: Asking for repayment of a debt and chasing up debtors in the mosque 445. It is related from Ka'b that he asked Ibn Abi Hadrad in the mosque to repay a debt he owed him and they raised their voices so loud that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, who was in his house, heard them. He came out to them, raising the curtain of his room. He called out, "Ka'b!" He said, "At your service, Messenger of Allah!" He said, "Reduce your debt by this much," and indicated a half to me. He said, "It is done, Messenger of Allah." He said, "Get up and pay it to him." XXXIX: Sweeping the mosque and removing rags, dirt and sticks from it

446. It is related from Abu Hurayra that a black man or woman used to sweep the mosque. She died and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, asked after her. They said, "She died." He said, "Why did you not inform me? Show me his - or her - grave." He went to the grave and prayed over her. XL: The prohibition, in the mosque, of the wine trade 447. It is related that 'A'isha said, "When the verses of Surat al-Baqara about usury were revealed, the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went out to the mosque and recited them to the people and then he prohibited trading in wine as well." XLI: Servants for the mosque Ibn 'Abbas said, "'I have dedicated to You what is in my womb,' (3:35) refers to the service of the mosque." 448. It is related from Abu Hurayra that a woman or a man used to take care of the mosque. ("I am pretty sure it was a woman.") Then he mentioned the hadith about the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, praying at her grave. XLII: Tying up a captive or debtor in the mosque 449. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Last night an 'Ifrit of the jinn suddenly appeared before me - or words to that effect attempting to interrupt my prayer but Allah gave me power over him. I wanted to tie him to one of the pillars of the mosque so that you could all see him in the morning, but I remembered the words of my brother Sulayman, 'O Allah, give me a kingdom which no one after me will have!'." Rawh said that he sent him off in disgrace. XLIII: Washing the whole body when becoming a Muslim and also tying up prisoners in the mosque Shurayh used to order debtors to be bound to a pillar in the mosque. 450. It is related that Abu Hurayra said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, sent some horsemen in the direction of Najd and they came back with a man from the Banu Hanifa called Thumama ibn Uthal whom they bound to one of the pillars of the mosque. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came out to him and said, 'Release Thumama,' who then went to some palm-trees near the mosque and washed himself all over. Then he entered the mosque and said, 'I testify that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.'" [Najd is to the east of the Hijaz.]

XLIV: A tent in the mosque for sick people and others 451. It is related that 'A'isha said, "On the Day of the Ditch, Sa'd was hit in an artery in his arm and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, pitched a tent in the mosque so that he could keep a close eye on him. In the mosque there was also a tent belonging to the Banu Ghifar and they were not alarmed until they saw blood flowing towards them. They said, 'You in the tent! What is this coming to us from you?' Sa'd's wound was bleeding heavily and he died there." XLV: Bringing a camel into the mosque with good reason Ibn 'Abbas said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did tawaf on a camel." 452. It is related that Umm Salama said, "I complained to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, that I was ill. He said, 'Do the tawaf behind the people mounted on your camel.' I did tawaf while the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was praying beside the Ka'ba reciting Surat at-Tur." 453. It is related from Anas that two men of the Companions of the Prophet left the house of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, on a dark night and they were accompanied by two lamplike objects which lit the way in front of them. and when they parted company, one of these things went with each of them until they reached their families. [They were 'Abbad ibn Bishr and Usayd ibn Hudayr] XLVI: A small door and a pathway in the mosque 454. It is related that Abu Sa'id al-Khudri said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, gave a khutba and said, 'Allah gave one of His slaves a choice between this world and what is with Allah. He chose what is with Allah.' Abu Bakr wept. I asked myself, 'Why should this shaykh weep just because Allah gave one of His slaves a choice between this world and what is with Him and he chose what is with Allah?' However, the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was the slave referred to and Abu Bakr knew more than we did. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Do not weep. Abu Bakr has been, of all people, the most generous to me both with regard to his company and his property. If I were to have made a close friend of any of my community, it would have been Abu Bakr, but we have the brotherhood and love of Islam Close up all the private doorways into the mosque except that of Abu Bakr.'" 455. It is related that Ibn 'Abbas said, "In his final illness, the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came out with a cloth bandage round his head. He sat on the minbar and praised and lauded Allah. Then he said, 'There is no one who has been more generous to me with himself and his property than Abu Bakr ibn Abi Quhafa. If I were to have

taken a close friend, I would have taken Abu Bakr as a close friend, but the friendship of Islam is better. Close up for me every private doorway into this mosque except that of Abu Bakr.'" XLVII: The doors and locks of the Ka'ba and mosques It is related that Ibn Jurayh said,."Ibn Abi Mulayka said to me, ''Abdu'l-Malik! If only you had seen the mosques and doors of Ibn 'Abbas!'" 456. It is related that Ibn 'Umar said that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came to Makka and summoned 'Uthman ibn Talha. He opened the door and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, entered with Bilal, Usama ibn Zayd and 'Uthman ibn Talha. Then he locked the door and stayed there for an hour. Then they came out. Ibn 'Umar said, "I went immediately and questioned Bilal. He said, 'He prayed in it.' I asked, 'Where?' He said, 'Between the two pillars.'" Ibn 'Umar said, "I forgot to ask how many rak'ats he prayed." XLVIII: Idolaters entering the mosque 457. It is related that Abu Hurayra was heard to say, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, sent some horsemen in the direction of Najd and they came back with a man from the Banu Hanifa called Thumana ibn Uthal and the bound him to one of the pillars of the mosque." XLIX: Raising the voice in the mosque 458. It is related that as-Sa'ib ibn Yazid said, "Once when I was standing in the mosque, a man threw some stones at me. I looked and it was 'Umar ibn al-Khattab. He said, 'Go and bring those two men to me.' I brought them and he said, 'Who are you two?' or 'Where are you from?' They said, 'From the people of at-Ta'if.' He said, 'If you were from the people of this city, I would have punished you. You were raising your voices in the mosque of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.'" 459. It is related from Ka'b ibn Malik that he asked Ibn Abi Hadrad to repay a debt he owed him in the time of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. See 445. L: Circles and sitting in the mosque 460. It is related that Ibn 'Umar said, "A man asked the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, while he was on the minbar, 'What do you say about the night prayer?' He replied, 'Pairs of rak'ats, and if you fear the approach of dawn, then pray one on its own and that is the witr for what you have prayed.'" Ibn 'Umar used to say, "Make the last of your prayers the witr. That is what the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, commanded." 461. It is related from Ibn 'Umar that a man came to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, while he was giving a khutba and said, "How is the night prayer prayed?" He said, "Pairs of rak'ats, and if you fear that dawn will come, then do the witrwith one on its own. That will make what you have prayed into an odd number."

Ibn 'Umar related to them that a man called out to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, while he was in the mosque. 462. It is related that Abu Waqid al-Laythi said, "Once while the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was in the mosque, three people came up. Two of them came right up to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and the other went away. One of the two saw a space and sat down in it whereas the other sat down behind everyone else. When the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, finished, he said, 'Shall I tell you about the three men? One of them took himself to Allah and Allah took him in. The other was shy, so Allah was shy with him. And the other turned away, so Allah turned away from him.'" LI: Lying down in the mosque with the legs stretched out 463. It is related from 'Abbad ibn Tamim from his uncle that he saw the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, lying on his back in the mosque with one foot on top of the other. (Muwatta, Book 9, 90) It is related that Sa'id ibn al-Musayyab said that 'Umar and 'Uthman also did that. LII: A mosque should not be built in a thoroughfare if that would be detrimental to people Al-Hasan, Ayyub and Malik all said this. 464. It is related that 'A'isha, the wife of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "I have no recollection of my parents doing anything but following the deen of Islam. No day would pass without the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, visiting us at either end of it, both morning and evening. Then it occurred to Abu Bakr to build a mosque in the forecourt of his house. He used to pray and recite Qur'an in it. The pagan women and children would stand there amazed, staring at him. Abu Bakr was a man who wept easily and could not control his tears when reading the Qur'an and this was a matter of great concern to those nobles of Quraysh who worshipped idols." LIII: Praying in a market mosque Ibn 'Awn prayed in a mosque in a house whose door used to be locked while they were inside. 465. It is related from Abu Hurayra that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The group prayer is twenty-five degrees higher than the prayer in your house or the prayer in your place of business. Anyone who does wudu' and goes to the mosque with no other object than to do the prayer, Allah will raise him up a degree with every step he takes, and a wrong action will fall away from him, until he enters the mosque. When he enters the mosque,

he is in prayer the whole time he is waiting for it and the angels pray for him all the time he is sitting there and has not broken wudu' saying, 'O Allah! Forgive him! O Allah! Show mercy to him!'" LIV: Intertwining the fingers in the mosque and elsewhere 466. It is related from Ibn 'Umar or Ibn 'Amr that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, intertwined his fingers. It is related from 'Abdullah that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "'Abdullah ibn 'Amr! What will happen to you when you are left like this among the dregs of the people?" [Meaning that he interwined his fingers] 467. It is related from Abu Musa that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "One believer in relation to another is like a building whose parts reinforce each other," and he intertwined his fingers. 468. It is related from Ibn Sirin that Abu Hurayra said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, led us in one of the two night prayers." Ibn Sirin said, "Abu Hurayra named it, but I forgot it". He said, "He prayed two rak'ats with us and then said the salam. He got up and went across to a bit of wood lying at an angle in the mosque and leaned against it as if he were angry. He put his right hand over his left, intertwining his fingers and placed his right cheek on the back of his left hand. The people in a hurry went out through the doors of the mosque saying, "Has the prayer been shortened?" Abu Bakr and 'Umar were among the people but they were too awed to speak to the Prophet. Also among the people was a man with long arms called Dhu'l-Yadayn. He said, "Messenger of Allah, have you forgotten or has the prayer been shortened?" He said, "I did not forget and it has not been shortened." Then he said, "Is it as Dhu'l-Yadayn says?" They said, "Yes." So he went forward and prayed what he had omitted and then did the salam. Then he said the takbir and prostrated as he normally did or longer. Then he raised his head and said the takbir. Then he said the takbir and prostrated as he had prostrated before or longer. Then he raised his head and said the takbir.'" They probably asked Ibn Sirin if he then did the salam. He said, "I heard that 'Imran ibn Husayn said, 'Then he did the salam.'" LV: The mosques which are on the roads to Madina and the places where the Prophet prayed 469. It is related that Musa ibn 'Uqba said, "I saw Salim ibn 'Abdullah looking out for some places on the road where he prayed. He related that his father used to pray in them and had seen the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, pray in those places." It is related from Nafi' that Ibn 'Umar used to pray in those places.

Ibn 'Uqba said, "I asked Salim and I only know that he agreed with Nafi' on all the places except for a difference regarding the mosque at the hill of ar-Rawha'. 470. It is related from 'Abdullah that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to stop at Dhu'l-Hulayfa when he performed 'umra or hajj under an acacia tree at the spot where the mosque is in Dhu'l-Hulayfa. When he returned from an expedition or was coming from hajj or 'umra and was on that road, he came down along the riverbed and emerged from it and would make his camel kneel at the dip which is on the eastern side of the riverbed. He stayed there until morning, not at the mosque which is by the rocks nor on the hill with the mosque on it. There was a water channel there, where 'Abdullah prayed, with sand heaps in it. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to pray there. The floodwater drove the pebbles down until the place where 'Abdullah used to pray was buried. 'Abdullah related that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prayed at the site of the small mosque which is below the mosque at the hill at ar-Rawha'. 'Abdullah knew the place where the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had prayed. He said, "It is on your right when you are standing in prayer in the mosque." That mosque is on the right hand side of the road when you are going to Makka, a stone's throw or thereabouts from the largest mosque. Ibn 'Umar used to pray towards the small mountain which is at the end of ar-Rawha'. That mountain ends at the side of the road near the mosque, between it and al-Munsaraf when you are going to Makka. A mosque was built there. 'Abdullah did not pray in that mosque. He left it to his left and behind him. He prayed in front of it towards the mountain itself. 'Abdullah came back from ar-Rawha' and did not pray Dhuhr until he came to that place where he prayed. If he was coming from Makka and passed by it an hour before Subh or at the end of the night, he stopped until he could pray Subh there. 'Abdullah related that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to alight under a large sarj tree below ar-Ruwaytha on the right hand side of the road, facing the road in a wide level place and go on until he emerged from the small hill about two miles below the road of arRuwaytha. The top of it is broken and inclines inward. It stands on a flat place where there are many sand-dunes. 'Abdullah related that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prayed at the end of the upper part of the valley behind al-'Arj if you are on the way to Hadba. There are two or three graves at that mosque, on which are piles of stones, to the right of the path at the large stones

marking the path. 'Abdullah used to return home from al-'Arj after the sun had declined from midday. He would pray Dhuhr in that mosque. 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar related that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, alighted at the sarj trees at the left of the road in the river bed below Harsha. That slope joined the foot of Harsha about a bows-shot from the road. 'Abdullah used to pray at the sarj tree which was nearest the road. It was the tallest of them. 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar related that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to alight at the slope which was closer to Marr az-Zahran towards Madina where it descends from the small valleys. He would alight on the flat of that slope to the left of the road when you are going to Makka. There is only a stone's throw between where the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, alighted and the road. 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar related that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to alight at Dhu Tuwa and spent the night there until morning when he would pray Subh when he was going to Makka. The place where the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,* prayed was a great mound which is not inside the mosque which was built there, but is lower down. 'Abdullah related that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, faced the two gaps in the mountain between him and the tall mountain towards the Ka'ba. He put the mosque that was built to the left of the mosque at the end of the mound. The place where the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prayed was lower than it, on the black mound located ten cubits or thereabouts from the other mound. He prayed there facing the two gaps in the mountain between him and the Ka'ba.