Contents

Green Building Basics .......................................................................................................................................1

Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................2
Impacts of Buildings and Construction ...........................................................................................................2
Defining Green Building ....................................................................................................................................3
Whole Building Design ...................................................................................................................................................... 3
Ongoing Operations & Maintenance ................................................................................................................................. 8
The Triple Bottom Line...................................................................................................................................................... 9
Costs............................................................................................................................................................................... 11

Key Terms ........................................................................................................................................................ 13

References ....................................................................................................................................................... 14
LEED & the LEED Process ............................................................................................................................. 16
Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................... 17
USGBC ............................................................................................................................................................. 17
LEED ................................................................................................................................................................. 19
LEED Certification Benefits ........................................................................................................................... 20
LEED Rating Systems..................................................................................................................................... 21
LEED Green Building Categories .................................................................................................................. 23
How to Achieve LEED Certification ............................................................................................................... 24
LEED Naming Conventions ............................................................................................................................................ 26

Rating System Structure ................................................................................................................................ 27

Minimum Program Requirements ................................................................................................................. 30
GBCI ................................................................................................................................................................. 31
LEED Process (Non-Homes) .......................................................................................................................... 31
Planning - LEED Charrette ............................................................................................................................................. 31
Project Registration ........................................................................................................................................................ 32
Documentation................................................................................................................................................................ 34
LEED Online ................................................................................................................................................................... 34
Project Review ................................................................................................................................................................ 35
Certification ..................................................................................................................................................................... 37

LEED Process (Homes) .................................................................................................................................. 37

Contact a LEED for Homes Provider .............................................................................................................................. 38
Identify a Project Team ................................................................................................................................................... 38
Build the Home ............................................................................................................................................................... 38
Certify the Project ........................................................................................................................................................... 38
Market and Sell the Home .............................................................................................................................................. 38

Project Resources ........................................................................................................................................... 39

Reference Guides ........................................................................................................................................................... 39
Case Studies .................................................................................................................................................................. 39
USGBC Reports and Research ...................................................................................................................................... 40
Customer Support........................................................................................................................................................... 40
LEED Online ................................................................................................................................................................... 40
LEED Credit Checklist .................................................................................................................................................... 40
Credit Templates and Calculators ................................................................................................................................... 41
Credit Interpretation Rulings (CIR) .................................................................................................................................. 42

LEED v3 ............................................................................................................................................................ 44
Credit Weighting ............................................................................................................................................................. 44
Harmonization................................................................................................................................................................. 44
Regionalization ............................................................................................................................................................... 44

Case Studies & Examples .............................................................................................................................. 44

Case Study: Dockside Green ......................................................................................................................... 45
Key Terms ........................................................................................................................................................ 47
Sustainable Sites ............................................................................................................................................ 48
Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................... 49
Site Selection ................................................................................................................................................... 49
Choose an Optimal Site .................................................................................................................................................. 49
Redevelop Brownfield Sites ............................................................................................................................................ 50
2009 Green Building Education Services

Develop on Previously Developed Land ......................................................................................................................... 51

Develop or Select Space in Dense / Connected Areas ................................................................................................... 51
Choose a LEED Certified Building .................................................................................................................................. 52

Site Planning & Land Use............................................................................................................................... 53

Reduce Construction Pollution........................................................................................................................................ 53
Protect Existing Sites ...................................................................................................................................................... 54
Restore Damaged Areas ................................................................................................................................................ 54

Reduce Automobile Use ................................................................................................................................. 55

Compressed Work Week ................................................................................................................................................ 55
Telecommuting ............................................................................................................................................................... 56
Reward Carpooling/Modifying Parking Fees ................................................................................................................... 56
Locate Near Mass Transit/Provide Access ..................................................................................................................... 56
Bike Racks/Shower Facilities .......................................................................................................................................... 57
Alternative Fuel Vehicles ................................................................................................................................................ 57
Car Share Programs ....................................................................................................................................................... 57
Minimize Parking Lots ..................................................................................................................................................... 58

Restore Natural Areas/Stewardship .............................................................................................................. 58

Reduce Stormwater Runoff............................................................................................................................................. 58

Reducing Heat Islands.................................................................................................................................... 60

Building/Infrastructure Size ............................................................................................................................................. 62
Undercover / Underground Parking ................................................................................................................................ 63
Green Roofs ................................................................................................................................................................... 64
Shading........................................................................................................................................................................... 64
Cool Roofs ...................................................................................................................................................................... 64
Cool Pavements ............................................................................................................................................................. 66
Open-grid Pavement ....................................................................................................................................................... 66

Eliminating Light Pollution............................................................................................................................. 66

Lighting Design ............................................................................................................................................................... 67
Computer Models ........................................................................................................................................................... 67
Lighting Controls ............................................................................................................................................................. 68
Light Fixtures and Placement ......................................................................................................................................... 68

Management Decisions .................................................................................................................................. 69

Building Exterior Management ........................................................................................................................................ 69
Snow and Ice Removal ................................................................................................................................................... 69
Landscaping ................................................................................................................................................................... 69
Integrated Pest Management.......................................................................................................................................... 70

Case Study: Emory University Whitehead Biomedical ............................................................................... 70

Case Study: Dockside Green ......................................................................................................................... 71
Site Selection .................................................................................................................................................................. 71
Site Restoration .............................................................................................................................................................. 71
Light Pollution Reduction ................................................................................................................................................ 71
Alternative Transportation ............................................................................................................................................... 71

Key Words........................................................................................................................................................ 73
References ....................................................................................................................................................... 75
Water Efficiency .............................................................................................................................................. 76
Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................... 77
New in LEED 2009 ......................................................................................................................................................... 77

Outdoor Strategies .......................................................................................................................................... 78

Landscape Design .......................................................................................................................................................... 78
Irrigation Practices .......................................................................................................................................................... 79
Landscape Maintenance ................................................................................................................................................. 81
Use Stormwater and/or Graywater ................................................................................................................................. 81

Indoor Strategies ............................................................................................................................................. 83

Dual-flush Toilets ............................................................................................................................................................ 84
High-Efficiency Toilets .................................................................................................................................................... 84
Waterless Urinals ............................................................................................................................................................ 85
Composting Toilet Systems ............................................................................................................................................ 86
Low-flow Showerheads and Faucets .............................................................................................................................. 87
Faucets with Low-flow Aerators and/or Motion Sensors ................................................................................................. 87
Install Water Meters ........................................................................................................................................................ 88
Use Stormwater and/or Graywater ................................................................................................................................. 88

2009 Green Building Education Services

Wastewater Treatment & Reuse ..................................................................................................................................... 89

Process Water Strategies ............................................................................................................................... 90

Cooling Towers ............................................................................................................................................................... 90

Case Study: Bank of America Tower at One Bryant Park ........................................................................... 90

Strategies Used .............................................................................................................................................................. 91

Case Study: Dockside Green ......................................................................................................................... 92

Key Terms ........................................................................................................................................................ 94
References ....................................................................................................................................................... 95
Energy & Atmosphere .................................................................................................................................... 97
Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................... 98
Goal Setting ..................................................................................................................................................... 98
Reduce Energy Use ........................................................................................................................................ 99
Energy Audit ................................................................................................................................................................... 99
Building Orientation ...................................................................................................................................................... 100
Site Location ................................................................................................................................................................. 100
Building Envelope ......................................................................................................................................................... 100

Lighting Design ............................................................................................................................................. 102

Light Bulb Choice.......................................................................................................................................................... 102
Lighting Controls ........................................................................................................................................................... 104

Water Use ....................................................................................................................................................... 105

Tankless Water Heaters ............................................................................................................................................... 105

Heating & Cooling ......................................................................................................................................... 105

Design........................................................................................................................................................................... 106
ASHRAE ....................................................................................................................................................................... 106
Example: Herman Miller MarketPlace ........................................................................................................................... 106
Air Filters....................................................................................................................................................................... 107
Natural Ventilation ........................................................................................................................................................ 107
Underfloor Air Distribution ............................................................................................................................................. 108
Appliances .................................................................................................................................................................... 109
Building Automation System ......................................................................................................................................... 110

Use Renewable Energy................................................................................................................................. 110

Solar Power .................................................................................................................................................................. 110
Geothermal Heat Pumps .............................................................................................................................................. 113
Example: Whitmore Lake High School.......................................................................................................................... 115
Off-Site Renewable Energy .......................................................................................................................................... 116
Common Types of Off-Site Renewable Energy ............................................................................................................ 118

Goal Reaching ............................................................................................................................................... 119

Goal Verification ............................................................................................................................................ 120
Commissioning Activities .............................................................................................................................................. 121

Goal Measurement, Monitoring, and Improvement ................................................................................... 121

Ozone Depletion ............................................................................................................................................ 122
CFCs............................................................................................................................................................................. 123
Montreal Protocol .......................................................................................................................................................... 123
Phase-out Plans ........................................................................................................................................................... 123
Refrigeration Design ..................................................................................................................................................... 124

Case Study: Qualcomm ................................................................................................................................ 124

Case Study: Symantec ................................................................................................................................. 125
Case Study: Dockside Green ....................................................................................................................... 125
Energy Performance Designed to Save ........................................................................................................................ 125
Energy Efficient Appliances .......................................................................................................................................... 125
Energy Efficient Lighting ............................................................................................................................................... 126
Metering ........................................................................................................................................................................ 126
Measurement and Verification ...................................................................................................................................... 126
Commissioning ............................................................................................................................................................. 126
BioMass Heat Generation ............................................................................................................................................. 126
Greenhouse Gas Neutral .............................................................................................................................................. 127
Renewable Energy ....................................................................................................................................................... 127

Key Terms ...................................................................................................................................................... 128

Materials & Resources.................................................................................................................................. 130
Introduction ................................................................................................................................................... 131
2009 Green Building Education Services

Reducing Waste ............................................................................................................................................ 131

Construction Waste Management................................................................................................................................. 131
Reduce, Reuse, Recycle .............................................................................................................................................. 133
Source Reduction ......................................................................................................................................................... 133
Use Less Material ......................................................................................................................................................... 133
Reuse Buildings ......................................................................................................................................................... 134
Reuse Salvaged Materials ......................................................................................................................................... 135
Recycling ...................................................................................................................................................................... 136
Maintain Occupancy Rates ........................................................................................................................................... 136

Sustainable Materials ................................................................................................................................... 137

Regional Materials ........................................................................................................................................................ 138
Rapidly renewable materials ......................................................................................................................................... 139
Example: Santa Clarita Transit Maintenance Facility .................................................................................................... 140
Certified Wood .............................................................................................................................................................. 140
Recycled Materials ....................................................................................................................................................... 141
Durable Goods .............................................................................................................................................................. 143

Sustainable Purchasing ............................................................................................................................... 143

Low Elemental Mercury Light Bulbs .............................................................................................................................. 143
Certified Products ......................................................................................................................................................... 144

Case Study: Dockside Green ....................................................................................................................... 145

Use of Local Products (Regional Materials) .................................................................................................................. 145
Sustainable Materials.................................................................................................................................................... 145

Key Terms ...................................................................................................................................................... 147

References ..................................................................................................................................................... 149
Indoor Environmental Quality ...................................................................................................................... 151
Introduction ................................................................................................................................................... 152
Costs............................................................................................................................................................................. 152

Improve Indoor Air Quality ........................................................................................................................... 153

Source Control .............................................................................................................................................. 154
Protecting the Site During Construction ........................................................................................................................ 154
Secondhand Smoke ..................................................................................................................................................... 156
CO2 Monitoring ............................................................................................................................................................. 156
Material Off-gassing ...................................................................................................................................................... 156
Radon ........................................................................................................................................................................... 158
Green Cleaning ............................................................................................................................................................. 158

Improve Ventilation ....................................................................................................................................... 160

Minimum Air Quality ...................................................................................................................................................... 161
Increase Ventilation ...................................................................................................................................................... 161
Air Filters....................................................................................................................................................................... 162

Increase Occupant Comfort ......................................................................................................................... 162

Daylighting ..................................................................................................................................................... 163
Daylighting Benefits ...................................................................................................................................................... 163
Daylighting Areas .......................................................................................................................................................... 164
Daylighting Issues ......................................................................................................................................................... 165
Daylighting Controls ...................................................................................................................................................... 165
Skylights ....................................................................................................................................................................... 165
Light Shelves ................................................................................................................................................................ 166
Sun Tubes .................................................................................................................................................................... 166

Views .............................................................................................................................................................. 167

Occupant Control .......................................................................................................................................... 167
Temperature Control ..................................................................................................................................................... 167
Lighting Control............................................................................................................................................................. 169

Acoustics ....................................................................................................................................................... 169

Case Study: San Mateo County Sheriff's Forensic Lab ............................................................................ 170
Case Study: Hearst Tower............................................................................................................................ 171
Case Study: Dockside Green ....................................................................................................................... 172
Fresh Air Ventilation...................................................................................................................................................... 172
Low VOC Products/ No Formaldehyde ......................................................................................................................... 172
Green Cleaning ............................................................................................................................................................. 172

Key Terms ...................................................................................................................................................... 173

2009 Green Building Education Services

References ..................................................................................................................................................... 175

Innovation in Design (ID) .............................................................................................................................. 177
Introduction ................................................................................................................................................... 178
Exemplary Performance ............................................................................................................................... 178
Example #1 ................................................................................................................................................................... 178
Example #2 ................................................................................................................................................................... 178

Innovative Performance ............................................................................................................................... 179

Examples ...................................................................................................................................................................... 179

Rating System Specific Objectives ............................................................................................................. 180

Operation and Maintenance.......................................................................................................................................... 180
LEED for Schools ......................................................................................................................................................... 181
The Remaining Rating Systems ................................................................................................................................... 181

LEED AP on Staff .......................................................................................................................................... 181

What is a LEED AP (Accredited Professional)? ............................................................................................................ 181

Review & Acceptance ................................................................................................................................... 181

ID Point Limits............................................................................................................................................................... 182

Case Study: Dockside Green ....................................................................................................................... 182

Key Terms ...................................................................................................................................................... 183
Regional Priority ........................................................................................................................................... 184
Introduction ................................................................................................................................................... 185
Intent ............................................................................................................................................................................. 185

Example.......................................................................................................................................................... 185
Restrictions ................................................................................................................................................... 186
References ..................................................................................................................................................... 187
Synergies ....................................................................................................................................................... 188
The Whole-Building Approach and LEED Credit Synergies.................................................................. 189
Whole-Building Design Process .................................................................................................................................... 189
Credit Categories .......................................................................................................................................................... 189
Common Synergies ...................................................................................................................................................... 189

Synergies within Sustainable Sites ............................................................................................................. 190

Site Reuse/Habitat Protection ....................................................................................................................................... 190
Redevelopment/Government Incentives/Community Benefits ...................................................................................... 190
Site Selection/Transportation ........................................................................................................................................ 190
Building Footprint/Habitat Protection ............................................................................................................................ 191
Site Selection/Building Footprint and Stormwater Runoff/Treatment ............................................................................ 191
Heat Island Effect/Stormwater Management ................................................................................................................ 191
Building Reuse.............................................................................................................................................................. 191
Sustainable Site Synergies with Water Efficiency ......................................................................................................... 191
Sustainable Sites Synergies with Energy & Atmosphere .............................................................................................. 192
Sustainable Sites and Materials & Resources .............................................................................................................. 192
Sustainable Sites and Indoor Environmental Quality .................................................................................................... 193

Synergies within Water Efficiency .............................................................................................................. 193

Reduce Potable Water Demand/On-Site Water Treatment/Stormwater Reduction ...................................................... 194
Increased Efficiency/Reduced Demand ........................................................................................................................ 194
Water Efficiency and Energy & Atmosphere ................................................................................................................. 194
Water Efficiency and Materials & Resources ................................................................................................................ 194

Synergies within Energy & Atmosphere..................................................................................................... 195

On-Site Green EnergyLowering Energy Demand ..................................................................................................... 195
Measuring PerformanceLowering Energy Demand ................................................................................................... 195
Purchasing Green Energy/Reducing the Demand for Conventional Energy ................................................................. 195
Energy & Atmosphere and Materials & Resources ....................................................................................................... 196
Energy & Atmosphere and Indoor Environmental Quality ............................................................................................. 196

Synergies within Materials & Resources .................................................................................................... 196

Materials & Resources and Indoor Environmental Quality ............................................................................................ 197

Synergies within Indoor Environmental Quality ........................................................................................ 197

Occupant Comfort and Thermal & Lighting Control ...................................................................................................... 197
Reduce Contaminants/Quality IEQ ............................................................................................................................... 198

Credit Conflicts ............................................................................................................................................. 198

Increased Ventilation vs. Energy Use ........................................................................................................................... 198
Daylighting vs. Glare and Heat ..................................................................................................................................... 198
2009 Green Building Education Services

Renewable/Recycled vs. Transportation....................................................................................................................... 199

City Revenues vs. Environmental Savings ................................................................................................................... 199
The What Ifs ............................................................................................................................................................... 199

Prioritize ......................................................................................................................................................... 200

Summary ........................................................................................................................................................ 200
Case Study: SYSCO Corporate Home Office ............................................................................................. 200
Review .......................................................................................................................................................................... 202

LEED Green Associate Exam ...................................................................................................................... 204

Introduction ................................................................................................................................................... 205
GBCI Handbook ............................................................................................................................................. 205
Who Can Take the Exam? ............................................................................................................................ 205
How Do I Register? ....................................................................................................................................... 206
Schedule Ahead ........................................................................................................................................................... 206

Where Do I Take the Exam? ......................................................................................................................... 206

How Much Does the Exam Cost? ................................................................................................................ 206
Testing Center Rules .................................................................................................................................... 206
Proper ID is required ..................................................................................................................................................... 206
Nothing in your pockets ................................................................................................................................................ 207
No, no, no ..................................................................................................................................................................... 207
Scrap paper .................................................................................................................................................................. 207
Leaving the room .......................................................................................................................................................... 207

About the Exam ............................................................................................................................................. 207

Partial Credit ................................................................................................................................................................. 208
Are all exams the same? .............................................................................................................................................. 208

Study Materials .............................................................................................................................................. 208

How Do I Know When Im Ready? ............................................................................................................... 209
How Long Should I Study For? ..................................................................................................................................... 210

Test Day ......................................................................................................................................................... 210

Arrive early.................................................................................................................................................................... 210
Before the Exam ........................................................................................................................................................... 210
During the Exam ........................................................................................................................................................... 211
After the Exam .............................................................................................................................................................. 211

Exam Objectives ........................................................................................................................................... 212

I. Synergistic Opportunities and the LEED Application Process ............................................................. 213
II. Project Site Factors .................................................................................................................................. 216
III. Water Management .................................................................................................................................. 217
IV. Project Systems and Energy Impacts ................................................................................................... 217
V. Acquisition, Installation, and Management of Project Materials ......................................................... 218
VI. Stakeholder Involvement in Innovation................................................................................................. 218
VII. Project Surroundings and Public Outreach ......................................................................................... 219
Glossary ......................................................................................................................................................... 220

2009 Green Building Education Services