PeKA Science Form 3

FORM 3 SCIENCE EXPERIMENT 1 Seeds kept in a shop do not germinate. Why? Carry out an experiment to study the conditions required for seed germination. Report based on the experiment plan sheet. 1.0 Title: Transport system in Plants : Transpiration 2.0 Aim: To study the effect of ................ on the rate of transpiration. 3.0 All variables the can affect the investigation: 4.0 Variables: a) Manipulated variable: ...................................................... b) Responding variable: .......................................................... c) Controlled variable: ........................................................... 5.0 Apparatus & Materials: Measuring cylinder 100 ml, oil, cotton wool, young balsam plant, water. 6.0 Method & Procedure: A Figure 1 shows the arrangement of apparatus for experiment. The following steps are taken: Step 1: I filled 2 measuring cylinders with .. ml of water Step 2: I put plant inside each measuring cylinder. Step 3: I poured ..over the water surface in both measuring cylinders. Step 4: I recorded the initial readings of the of water in a table. Step 5: I put one apparatus on the table in the laboratory and the other apparatus is placed Step 6: I recorded the final readings after ..hours/days. Figure 1: Apparatus set-up Apparatus A (with light) Apparatus B (dark place) cupboard Balsam plant Cotton wool

Oil Measuring cylinder Water

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PeKA Science Form 3

B: Carrying out experiment: 7.0 Results: Table shows the volume readings of the two apparatus. Apparatus Initial Reading (ml) Final Reading (ml) Loss of volume of water (ml) Rate of transpiration / ml day-1 [initial - final reading] 1 day 5/1

In the science lab (A) In the cupboard [dark place] (B)

7.1 State one precautionary step taken when using a measuring cylinder/ during experiment. 8.0 Analyse/Interpret Data: 8.1 The water level drops in each apparatus after 20 hours? Why? ................................................................................................................... 8.2 What is the difference in the volume of water lost between both plants apparatus? .................................................................................................................. 8.3 State relationship between the manipulated variables and the variables observed/ measured. .. 8.4 Explain consequence if one of the variables is absent. .. 9.0 Conclusion: 9.1 Is the hypothesis accepted or rejected?................................................. 9.2 Name the process that occur in plants and causes the change in volume of water in each apparatus. .................................................................................................................. 9.3 Based on the experiment, what is your inference? ... .

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PeKA Science Form 3

FORM 3 SCIENCE EXPERIMENT 3 1.0 Title: Transport system in Plants : Transpiration 2.0 Aim: To study the effect of light intensity / air humidity / surrounding temperature / air movement on the rate of transpiration. 3.0 Variables: presence of light/ wind/ low humidity/ high surrounding temperature Type of plant / rate of transpiration/ .. 4.0 Variables: a) Manipulated variable: Amount of light b) Responding variable: Difference in volume of water/ rate of transpiration c) Controlled variable: Type of plant/ size of plant 5.0 Apparatus & Materials: Measuring cylinder 100 ml, oil, cotton wool. water 6.0 Method & Procedure: A Figure 1 shows the arrangement of apparatus for experiment. The following steps are taken: Step 1: I filled 2 measuring cylinders with 80 ml of water Step 2: I put a balsam plant inside each measuring cylinder. Step 3: I poured a layer of oil over the water surface in both measuring cylinders. Step 4: I recorded the initial readings of the volume of water in a table. Step 5: I put one apparatus on the table and the other apparatus is placed in a cupboard/ under the sun / under a fast moving fan/ plant wrapped in a plastic bag containing anhydrous calcium chloride Step 6: I recorded the final readings after 20 hours. Figure 1: Apparatus set-up Apparatus A (with light)
Balsam plant Cotton wool

C12

Apparatus B (dark place)

cupboard

Oil Measuring cylinder Water

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PeKA Science Form 3

B: Carrying out experiment: 7.0 Results: Table shows the volume readings of the two apparatus. Apparatus Initial Reading (ml) 80 80 80 80 80 Final Reading (ml) 76 79 Loss of volume (ml) 80 75=5 80-78=2

C13

In the science lab (A) In the cupboard [dark place](B) Under the sun (C) Moving air (D) Dry air (E)

Rate of transpiration / ml hour-1 [initial-final reading] 40hr 5/40= 0.13 2/40=0.05

7.1 i) Place measuring cylinder on a flat surface / ii) Eye same level as meniscus of water / iii) Oil prevents air from entering/ dissolving in water C14 8.0 Interpret Data: 7.1 The water level drops in each apparatus after 2 hours because water is lost through the plant . 7.2 The plant in the science lab lost more water than the plant in the cupboard. 7.3 From the table, rate of transpiration increases when light intensity is higher/ air humidity is lower / movement of air is faster/ surrounding temperature is higher 7.4 The rate of transpiration decreases if the surrounding temperature is lower/ light intensity is lower/ air humidity is higher/ air movement is slower C15 9.0 Conclusion: 9.1 The hypothesis is accepted 9.2 The process that causes the change in volume of water is transpiration 9.3 The rate of transpiration depends on the light intensity/ presence of air movement / high surrounding temperature/ amount of water vapour in the air C16

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