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Code :9A23303 II B.Tech I semester (R09) Regular Examinations, November 2010 FLUID FLOW IN BIOPROCESSES Time: 3 hours
(Biotechnology)

1
Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks Max Marks: 70

1. (a) Dierentiate between unit operations and unit processes. Give one example for each. (b) Give the analogy between momentum, heat and mass transfer. Discuss in detail. 2. (a) Dene gc and give its use. (b) What is -400 F in degrees centigrade, degrees Rankine, Kelvin? (c) Calculate the kinetic energy of 250 lbm liquid owing through a pipe at 35 ft/sec. Express your answer in units of ft lbf . 3. Water at 680 F is pumped at a constant rate of 141.5 liter/min from a large reservoir resting on the oor to the open top of an experimental absorption tower. The point of discharge is 4.575 m above the oor and frictional losses in the 2 pipe (21.65 cm2 area) from the reservoir to the tower is 0.224m of water. At what height in the reservoir must the water level be kept if the pump can develop only 1.8 hp? Assume 100% eciency. 4. (a) What is Newtons law of viscosity? State and explain the terms involved. (b) Explain the concept of Newtonian and non-Newtonian uids with the help of shear stress vs rate of shear plot. Give examples for each. 5. (a) Discuss about laminar and turbulent ow briey. sec /m2 (b) Oil of viscosity 0.01 kgf and specic gravity of 0.9 ows through a horizontal pipe of 2.5cm diameter. If the pressure drop per meter length of the pipe is 0.12 kgf sec /m2 . Determine (i) the mass ow rate (ii) NRe (iii) the power required per 50m length pipe to maintain the ow. 6. (a) Dene terminal velocity, free setting and hindered setting. (b) Obtain the expression for terminal velocity of a single spherical particle assuming stokes law to be valid. 7. Describe the construction and working of a orice meter with a neat diagram. Mention its advantages and disadvantages and uses. Write the equation for mass ow rate. 8. Give a detailed account of positive displacement pumps.

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Code :9A23303 II B.Tech I semester (R09) Regular Examinations, November 2010 FLUID FLOW IN BIOPROCESSES Time: 3 hours
(Biotechnology)

2
Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks Max Marks: 70

1. (a) Distinguish between unit operations and unit processes. Give one example for each. (b) Discuss about the analogy between momentum, heat and mass transfer. 2. (a) Distinguish between mass and force. (b) If a bucket holds 20.0 lb of NaOH, how many i. lb mol NaOH ii. gmol NaOH and iii. kg mol NaOH does it contain? (c) What is -400 F in degrees centigrade, degrees Rankine? 3. A pipeline of inside diameter 80mm and length 250m is attached to a water reservoir at one end and ows freely into the atmosphere at the other end. The loss coecient Kc for the inlet is 0.5. Determine the height h, that has to be maintained in the reservoir to produce a volumetric ow rate of 0.025m3 /sec of water. 4. (a) Explain the dierent types of non-Newtonian uids with examples in bioprocessing. (b) Discuss about measurement of viscosity using the cone and plate viscometer and the coaxial cylinder rotating viscometer. 5. (a) Dene skin friction and form friction, and explain friction factor chart. (b) Oil of specic gravity 0.82 is pumped through a horizontal pipeline of 15cm diameter, 3 km long at the rate of 900 liter/min. The pump has an eciency of 68% and requires 10 hp to pump the oil. Determine the dynamic viscosity of the oil and verify whether the ow is laminar or turbulent. 6. (a) Dene drag and drag coecient. (b) Discuss in detail about drag coecients of typical shapes with the help of CD vsNRe curves. 7. Compare and contrast venturi meter and orice meter. Give their advantages and disadvantages, and uses. 8. Describe the salient features of positive displacement pumps.

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Code :9A23303 II B.Tech I semester (R09) Regular Examinations, November 2010 FLUID FLOW IN BIOPROCESSES Time: 3 hours
(Biotechnology)

3
Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks Max Marks: 70

1. (a) Dene unit operations and unit processes. Give an example for each. (b) Discuss about the analogy between momentum, heat and mass transfer. 2. (a) Explain the concept of mass and force. (b) Gas leaving a fermenter at close to 1 atm pressure and 250 C has the following composition: 78.2% nitrogen, 19.2% oxygen, 2.6% carbon dioxide. Calculate i. the mass composition of the fermenter o-gas and ii. the mass of CO2 in each cubic meter of gas leaving the fermenter. 3. A solution of density 1.25 g/cc and viscosity of 0.63cp is pumped from an open tank at the rate of 200 liter/min through a straight pipe of 25mm ID and 80 m long. Calculate the HP required. Given that 0.25 for turbulent ow and f = 16/N overall eciency of pump is 60% and f is equal to 0.079 Re Re for laminar ow. Neglect ttings. 4. (a) State and explain Newtons law of viscosity. (b) Explain the rheological behavior of Newtonian and non-Newtonian uids by means of shear stress vs. rate of shear plot. Give examples for each. 5. (a) Briey explain the boundary layer concept with a neat gure. 1.32g/cm3 (b) A uid with viscosity 18.3 cp and density is owing in a horizontal tube of radius 0.21 inches. For what pressure gradient will the ow become turbulent. (c) Find the loss of head due to friction in a pipe of 1m diameter and 15 km long. The velocity of water in the pipe is 1m/sec. Take f=0.005. 6. Discuss about motion of particles through a uid and derive the equations for one dimensional motion of a particle through a uid for both gravitational force and centrifugal force respectively. 7. Describe the construction and working of a venturimeter with a neat gure. Mention its advantages and disadvantages and uses. Write the equation for mass ow rate. 8. Write short notes on:

(a) Reciprocating pumps. (b) Rotary pumps. (c) Peristaltic pumps.

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Code :9A23303 II B.Tech I semester (R09) Regular Examinations, November 2010 FLUID FLOW IN BIOPROCESSES Time: 3 hours
(Biotechnology)

4
Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks Max Marks: 70

1. (a) What is the dierence between unit operation and unit process? Give one example for each. (b) Give the analogy between momentum, heat and mass transfer. Discuss in detail. 2. (a) A solution contains 30 wt% water, 25 wt% ethanol, 15wt% methanol, 12wt% glycerol, 10wt% acetic acid and 8wt% benzaldehyde. What is the mole friction of each component? (b) What is -400 F in degrees centigrade, degrees Rankine? (c) The pressure gauge on an autoclave reads 15 psi. What is the absolute pressure in the chamber in psi, in atm? 3. A tank full of water is opened at the top with a hole near the bottom, the area of which is 0.25 m2 and cross-sectional area of the hole is maintained at 10m, what is the volumetric ow rate out of the hole? 4. (a) State Newtons law of viscosity and explain the terms. (b) Describe the working and construction of i. The plate and cone viscometer and ii. The coaxial cylinder viscometer.

5. (a) Dene boundary layer and explain boundary layer concept. (b) A pipe of 10 cm diameter and 800m long conveys oil of kinetic viscosity 1.5 stoke and density of 900 kg/m3 . Assuming it takes 8 HP to drive the pump. The overall eciency of the pump is 60%. 6. Derive the Ergun equation for pressure drop in packed beds.

7. (a) Describe the construction and working of a rotameter with a neat gure. (b) Explain the theory and calibration of rotameters. 8. Give a detailed account of the following: (a) Reciprocating pumps (b) Rotary pumps (c) Peristaltic pumps

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