LEARN TO READ LATIN CH.

15

Learn to Read Latin: Ch. 15

137: Fear Clauses
Subordinate clause expressing the thing feared, introduced by a verb of fearing. Positive Fear clauses use n (that), negative Fear clauses use ut (that not) or n nn (that not) Marcus timet n Marciam Caesar intercit. Marcus is afraid that Caesar will kill Marcia. Metu ut Caesar in castrs maneret. I feared that Caesar will not remain in the camp. Fear clauses can also be introduced by expressions of implied fear. Hc cur movendus es: n Caesar in proeli nn intercitur. You must be moved by this concern: that Caesar not be killed in battle.

Subordinate clause expressing the action hindered or prevented, introduced by an verb of hindering or preventing. Prevention clauses use quminus (by which the less, from), n or qun. Quid t deterret n / qun in castrs manes? What deters you from not remaining in the camp? Quid t deterret quminus in castrs manes? What deters you, by which the less you remain in the camp?

Impersonal Verbs Expressing Emotion miseret, miserre, miseruit / miseritum est it moves (one) to pity paenitet, paenitre, paenituit it causes (one) to repent / regret piget, pigre, piguit it disgusts (one), it irks (one) pudet, pudre, puduit / puditum est it makes (one) ashamed taedet, taedre, taesum est it makes (one) tired / sick These impersonal constructions can take: accusative (person affected) + genitive (cause of that emotion) Taedat m puellae. The girl bores me. accusative + subject innitive Taedat m d puella legere. It bores me to read about the girl.

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138: Prevention Clauses

139: Impersonal Constructions II

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LEARN TO READ LATIN CH. 15

accusative + quod clause (takes indicative) Taedat m quod in omnibus sententis puella est. It bores me that the girl is in all the sentences. Impersonal Verbs Expressing Concern or Interest interest, interesse, interfuit it is important, it concerns rfert, rferre, rtulit it is important, it concerns These impersonal constructions can take: fem. sg. abl. possessive adj. (interested party) + neut. nom. noun Hoc rfert me. This is important to me. fem. sg. abl. possessive adj. + subject innitive Legere rfert tu. It bores you to read about the girl. fem. sg. abl. possessive adj. + substantive ut clause Ut d puell legamus rfert vostr. It is important to you that we read about the girl. fem. sg. abl. possessive adj. + indirect question Me rfert qu puella sit. It concerns me who the girl is. genitive (for third person) + neut. nom. / subj. inf. / subs. ut / ind. ques. Legere rfert tu. It bores me to read about the girl.

A direct reexive refers to the subject of its clause or sentence. Rx snsit cvs suam urbem regere nn posse. The king perceived that the citizens were not able to rule their own city. A indirect reexive refers to the subject of its clause or sentence. Rx snsit cvs s odisse. The king perceived that the citizens hated him.

Used in clauses that are subordinate to innitives not in Indirect Statement or to other clauses with verbs in the subjunctive. Sapientis est fugere ubi perculum sentiat. It is characteristic of a wise man to ee when he perceives danger

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140: Direct and Indirect Reexives

141: Subjunctive by Attraction

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LEARN TO READ LATIN CH. 15

142: Supine
A verbal noun, appearing only in the accusative singular and the ablative singular. 4th pp + -um (acc.) / - (abl.) The accusative supine expresses purpose with a verb of implied or stated motion. Marcus interfectum vnit. Marcus came for the purpose of killing. The ablative supine expresses an Ablative of Respect. Mirabile vs! How strange with respect to seeing! Vocabulary

caput, capitis n. head nmen, nminis n. divine power, divinity, divine spirit, numen orbis, orbis, -ium m. ring circle orbis terrrum world vultus, vults m. expression, face circumd, circumdare, circumded, circumdtus place around; surround for, fr, ftus sum speak, say obst, obstre, obstit, obsttum stand in the way; hinder, block vet, vetre, vetu, vetitus forbid dterre, dterrre, dterru, dterritus deter, prevent prohibe, prohibre, prohibu, prohibitus prevent; prohibit, forbid vereor, verr, veritus sum be in awe of, show respect to; dread, fear cing, cingere, cnx, cnctus surround; gird (on oneself) cnstitu, cnstituere, cnstitu, cnstittus set up, establish; decide rapi, rapere, rapu, raptus seize, tear away, snatch away ripi, ripere, ripu, reptus tear away, snatch away solv, solvere, solv, soltus loosen; free, release; dissolve impedi, impedre, impedv/-i, impedtus hinder, impede interest, interesse, interfuit it is important, it concerns miseret, miserre, miseruit / miseritum est it moves (one) to pity paenitet, paenitre, paenituit it causes (one) to repent / regret piget, pigre, piguit it disgusts (one), it irks (one) pudet, pudre, puduit / puditum est it makes (one) ashamed rfert, rferre, rtulit it is important, it concerns taedet, taedre, taesum est it makes (one) tired / sick

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LEARN TO READ LATIN CH. 15

celer, celeris, celere swift dulcis, dulce sweet, pleasant turpis, turpe foul, ugly, base, shameful n [conj.] [introduces positive Fear clause] that qun [conj.] [introduces Prevention clause] that not, from quod [conj.] the fact that quminus [conj.] [introduces Prevention clause] by which the less, from ut [conj.] [introduces negative Fear clauses] that not

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