AN OVERVIEW OF FLORIDA POMPANO Trachinotus carolinus RESEARCH AT MOTE AQUACULTURE RESEARCH PARK

Mote Marine Laboratory Sarasota, Florida, USA

Kevan Main, Matthew Resley, Nicole Rhody, Michael Nystrom, Tom Stevens, Charles Adams

Overview of Pompano Research at Mote

Early efforts (2002-2003): spawning wild caught fish during the natural spawning season, preliminary larval rearing trials, evaluating growth and survival of fingerlings at low and high salinities Intermediate efforts (2004-2006): maturing and spawning wild and F1 pompano in captivity, evaluating effect of broodstock diet on egg quality, analyzing larval production costs Current efforts (2008-present): establishing & conditioning new broodstock, improving spawning success, improving egg quality, and verifying cost analysis

2002: Collected wild broodstock during the natural spawning period, placed in photo-thermal controlled tanks, implanted with HCG or Ovaplant, and successfully spawned fish during the natural spawning season

Newly Hatched Larva

2003: Larval rearing trials with the eggs spawned in captivity resulted in the production of 78,900 larvae at 3 DAH and 4,780 45-day-old juvenile pompano
Pompano Larval Growth (2-45DAH)
70

9-day old Larva

LengthTL(mm)

60 50 40 30 20
DAH vs Mean

10 0 0 10 20 30 40 50

Age (DAH)

2003: Fingerling trials were conducted to look at the feasibility of rearing Florida pompano in low salinity recirculating systems 1st Salinity Trial compared growth of wild-caught juveniles (290 g) to market-size (430 g) pompano at 10 ppt and 32 ppt. Fed at 2-3% body wt/day. 2nd Salinity Trial compared growth of small (8 g) to medium (30 g) fingerling pompano at 5 g/L and 32 g/L. Fed at 5% body wt/day. Monitored growth and survival monthly

Mean growth comparison in low No significant difference in growth or mortality in low and high salinity (10 ppt) and high (32 ppt) salinity conditions treatments
No indications of health problems
500
Low Sal. Pompano High Sa. Pompano

400

Weight (g)

300

Water Chemistry: Higher nitrite levels observed in 10 ppt treatment: 10 ppt = 0.308 mg/L 32 ppt = 0.156 mg/L Suitable water chemistry levels for nitrite-nitrogen for the trial (0.0-0.3 mg/L)

200

100

0
12/4/02 1/9/03 2/7/03 3/11/03

Sample Date

Mean Growth comparison in low (5 ppt) and high (30 ppt) salinity treatments

50
Mean Wt. (5 g/L) Mean Wt. (30 g/L)

40

No difference in growth or mortality in low and high salinity conditions during trial Within 2 weeks of trial completion - high mortalities in low salinity treatment Higher nitrite in both treatments. Low salinity had lots of peaks in Nitrite-N requiring frequent water changes Conclusions:
Fish held at 5 ppt had increased demand in husbandry maintenance For smaller pompano, salinities as low as 5 ppt caused stress and high mortality A minimum salinity concentration of 10 ppt may be better for small and possibly large pompano

Mean Weight (g)

30

20

10

0
8/12/2003 9/14/2003 10/6/2003

Sample Date

2004 Established 100% recirculating broodstock systems at Mote Aquaculture Research Park

4 groups of broodstock were conditioned in separate photo-thermal controlled rooms

Tank size: 15 ft (4.57 m) diameter 6 ft (1.83m) deep tanks Total system volume ~7,400gal (~28,000L)

2004-2005: Captive Broodstock Culture Conditions and Sampling Schedule

Physical Parameters

Photoperiod: 14L: 10D Temperature: 28 0.5C Salinity: 36 1ppt

Schedule
Fish were given a month and a half to acclimate and mature at their holding parameters Fish were sampled and induced to spawn every 2 months

Results for Captive Spawning: HCG

7 induced spawns
Mean eggs produced was 393,911
Ranged from 77,000 to 1.9 million

54.1% hatch rate Often had poor survival past 10 DAH

Poor larval survival led us to look at effect of broodstock diet on egg quality
Compared fatty acid profile in eggs from 4 captive populations to eggs from wild pompano
2 populations on fresh diet
50% Shrimp, 25% Fish, 25% Squid

2 populations on commercial pelleted diets

45% crude : 12% crude lipid 45% crude : 8% crude lipid

4 3.5

Percent FA in Sample

3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 Melick Silver Cup Fresh Wild

Percent of EPA: 20:5(n-3)

Treatment

30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Melick Silver Cup

p-value = 0.235

Percent of DHA: 22:6(n-3)

Percent FA in Sample

Fresh

Wild

Treatment

3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 Melick Silver Cup Fresh Wild

Percent of ARA: 20:4(n-6)

Percent FA in Sample

Treatment

2006 Cost Analysis to Produce Egg-Fingerling Pompano in a Recirculating Aquaculture System

Three tank system Target fingerling weight = 1.5 g 30,000 fingerling pompano 40 day production cycle Maximum biomass 45 kg

Pompano Fingerling Production: Nursery & Live Food Production Systems

Rotifer Production System High Density System Artemia Production System
Artemia tanks

Dry Food Micro-diet Dispenser

Dry food

Enrichment

Enrichment tanks

Pump, oxygen, & water treatment

8 diameter 3 3.3m Pompano Nursery tank

Live food

8 diameter 3 3.3m Pompano Nursery tank

Live food

8 diameter 3 3.3m Pompano Nursery tank

Pompano Nursery System

Fixed and Variable Cost Totals: Pompano Fingerling Production

Fixed Costs Summary Budget for Pompano Fingerling Production
Annual Cost or Depr. $0.00 $1,573.80 $400.00 $0.04 $24.85 $1,659.99 $0.00 $0.00 $3,659 Daily Cost or Depr. $0.00 $4.31 $1.10 $0.00 $0.07 $4.55 $0.00 $0.00 $10.02 Cost / 1,000 fingerlings $0.000 $5.564 $1.414 $0.000 $0.088 $5.868 $0.000 $0.000 $12.934

Fixed costs
Capital Investments Land Building cost Vehicle Well Water Instant Ocean Salt System equipment/parts Other capital fixed costs Other capital fixed costs Total Non-Capital Fixed Costs (Annual) Rent Licensing, taxes, fees Insurance Other non-capital fixed costs Other non-capital fixed costs Total Total Fixed Costs before Interest Fixed Costs Interest Total Fixed Costs and Interest

Units $/acre $/ft2 % $/1000gal $/200gal

Price $10,000 $24.53 $20,000 $0.16 19.0000 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00

Quantity 5.00 1,925 20% 2.62 13.0766 0.00 0.00 0.00

Cost $50,000 $47,214 $4,000 $0.41 248.4546 248.8637 $23,496 $0 $0 $124,959

Life 0 30 10 10 10 0 0 0

Days 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40

Cycle Cost $0.00 $172.47 $43.84 $0.00 $2.72 $181.92 $0.00 $0.00 $400.95

$/yr $/ft2/yr $/ft2/yr

$0.00 $0.00 $0.67 $0.00 $0.00

0.00 1.00 1,925 0.00 0.00

$0 $0 $1,286 $0 $0 $1,286 $126,245

$0.00 $0.00 $1,286.17 $0.00 $0.00 $1,286 $4,945 $7,575 $12,520

$0.00 $0.00 $3.52 $0.00 $0.00 $3.52 $13.55 $20.75 $34.30

40 40 40 40 40 0 40 40 40

$0.00 $0.00 $140.95 $0.00 $0.00 $140.95 $541.90 $830.10 $1,372.01

$0.000 $0.000 $4.547 $0.000 $0.000 $4.547 $17.481 $26.778 $44.258

%/yr

6.00%

Variable Costs Summary Budget for Pompano Fingerling Production

Quantity per day 0.000 54.960 0.000 0.025 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.005 0.000 not used Quantity per cycle 0 0 2,322 1 653 152 0.00 36.00 84.83 0.219 0 Daily Cost $0.00 $5.50 $0.00 $0.004 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.79 $0.00 $188.67 $1.07 $189.74 Cost / 1,000 fingerlings $0.00 $7.09 $41.20 $0.005 $75.08 $10.28 $49.30 $17.71 $41.74 $1.02 $0.00 $243.44 $1.39 $244.83

Variable costs
Stock Electricity Oxygen Well water Rotifers Artemia Dry feed Labor (cycle) Labor (daily recurring) UV lights Other Totals Operating Costs Interest Total Variable Cost incl. Interest

Units $/M Kwh $/CCF $/1000gal $/M $/M g $/hr $/hr $/unit

Price $0.00 $0.100 $0.550 $0.156 $3.562 $2.100 $0.000 $0.000 $0.000 $144.000 $0.00

Days 0 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40

Cycle Cost $0.00 $219.84 $1,277.32 $0.16 $2,327.62 $318.81 $1,528.34 $549.09 $1,293.91 $31.56 $0.00 $7,546.65 $42.96 $7,589.61

$ %/yr $

8.00%

Summary Budget for Pompano Fingerling Production Costs

Cost Summary Fixed & Variable Costs before interest Interest on Fixed & Variable Costs Fixed & Variable Costs with Interest Daily Cost $202.21 $21.83 $224.04 Cycle Cost / 1000 Costs fingerlings $8,088.55 $260.92 $873.07 $28.16 $8,961.62 $289.08

2008: Early fatty acid results led us to produce enriched diets for pompano

Producing a soft moist diet Diet includes fresh shrimp and squid are run through grinder Ground fresh ingredients are mixed with fish meal and vitamin premix Mixed diet is run back through grinder, and extruded through sausage tube Diet collected in 6 (15.2 cm) sections and frozen Amount of bars needed for each feeding removed, partially thawed, and cut into 0.5 (1.3 cm) sections to be fed

Focus of Current Work (2008 present)

Conditioning

a new broodstock population Improving spawning success (hormone

induction methods, behavior, endocrine profiles)
Verify

larval/fingerling economic costs analysis Assess effect of ARA enrichment on

Egg production Egg and larval quality

Results

with new broodstock have been inconsistent

Thanks to
USDOC/NOAA

Fisheries - National Marine Aquaculture Initiative Florida Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services, Division of Aquaculture USDA/CSREES