Contents Overview Physical Introduction Bibliography Conclusion Whatour Why For do iswe of diabetes physical Activity seminar Health

need Diabetes physical implications topic type activity? and Type Diabetes I activity "physical I of (Epidemiology) diabetes activity in our lives? typedisease" and I we chose diabetes as the focus Sinceof research. diabetes our is such a complex disease with many different forms, we decided to diabetes focus on type I. This is known as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). This diabetes type of includes people who are dependant on injections of insulin on a daily basis orderin to satisfy the bodies insulin needs, they cannot survive without these i njections. OVERVIEW What In order is diabetes OF toDIABETES understand type TYPE I? the I disease we firstly need to know about insulin. Insu lin hormone. is a The role of insulin is to convert the food we eat into various useful substances, discarding It is the job everything of insulin that tois see wasteful. that the useful substances are put to best use for well-being. our The useful substances are used for building cells, are made ready for expenditure The immediate cause ofas diabetes energy is andan also absolute storedor for lack later of the energy hormone expenditure. insulin. As a resu ltlack of this of insulin the processes that involve converting the foods we eat into va rious substances Insulin useful comes does from notthe occur. beta cells which are located in the pancreas. In the ca sediabetes of type I almost all of the beta cells have been destroyed. Therefore da ily Health injections One ofimplications the products of insulin of that become diabetes is of essential type Iimportance vital to life. in our bodies is glucose, a si mple carbohydrate sugar which is needed by virtually every part of our body as fuel to Insulin function. controls the amount of glucose distributed to vital organs and also th e diabetics muscles. In due to the lack of insulin and therefore the control of glucose give n to different body parts they face death if they don't inject themselves with insu lin Since daily. strict monitoring of diabetes is needed for the control of the disease, little is left room for carelessness. As a result diabetic patients are susceptible to man y other diseases and serious conditions if a proper course of treatment is not followe d.Other diseases a diabetic is open to: Cardiovascular disease, stroke, Peripher aldisease, artery gangrene, kidney disease, blindness, hypertension, nerve damage, impo tence Basically etc. there is an increased incident of infection in diabetic sufferers. T herefore special care needs to be taken to decrease the chances of getting these other serious PHYSICAL What diseases. (Bouchard is physical ACTIVITY 1988) States activity? that physical activity is any bodily movement produced bymuscles skeletal resulting in energy expenditure. Therefore this includes sports and le isure Why activities Physical Imagine do weaactivity need car of constantly all and physical forms. exercise activity drivenhelps in our only tune to lives? stop thefor "human fuel. machine", It would our bebodies. a client f orof all damage, sorts rusting, oil leaking, dehydration and the chances are most likely i t in would thedie middle of the road not long after. This is what the body would be like ifexercise we didn't at all. We would be and as a result of todays lifestyle many of us ar e,For perfect the those target of usto who all are kinds carrier of diseases of some disease and infections. or illness we are still encour aged exercise to by our physicians if we have the strength to. This is to help make ou r organs, muscles, bones and arteries more efficient and better equipped to fight agains t or theillness. disease This is our way of counter attacking. And if we are still healthy then PHYSICAL reduce Recently we the ACTIVITY insulin chances AND injections ofDIABETES getting have (EPIDEMIOLOGY) anbecome illness available or a disease. to dependant patients. Howev erpre-insulin in the era physical exercise was one of the few therapies available to p hysicians combating For an IDDM indiabetes. carrier to benefit from exercise they need to be well aware of the irIf the body an consequences and carrier IDDM ofhas exercising. no real control over their situation and just exercise without considering their diet, time of insulin intake, type of exercise, duration of the and In exercise the thefirst intensity, journal then article the results that I used can be for very this hazardous part of the to the research patient. (Sutton 1981) conducted had an investigation on "drugs used in metabolic disorders". The article is todesigned provide some background information on previous beliefs and research conduc ted this early century. As well as his own investigations conducted during the beginning of 1980's. the He has compared the results and came to the same conclusion as the inv estigations done early Sutton's findings in thisshow century. that decrease in blood glucose following an insulin inj ection magnified was when the insulin was followed by physical activity/exercise (see fig ure shows 1). that This if a person gets involved in physical activity or exercise after in sulin volume theof glucose drops dramatically. This leads to symptoms of hypoglycemia. The this reason occurs is that glucose uptake by muscles increase during exercise, in spi techange of no or even a diminishing plasma insulin concentration. As a result of thi s information type of we know now that if a patient is not controlled through a good die t then and program they could put themselves in danger. A person who might be poorly maintai ned ketotic Good andnutrition will become is ofeven great more importance ketotic to andany hypoglycimic. individual especially one that ex ercises. the case Inof diabetes even more consideration must go into the selection of foo d after beforeexercise. and Doctors suggest large intakes of carbohydrates before exercise for carriers Thediabetes second toarticle meet the that glucose I used needs was that of the ofmuscles. Konen, et al. He and his colleagues conducted testing and research on "changes in diabetic urinary and transferrin excretion after moderate exercise". This article was a report of the way the research was cond ucted it'sresearched The and findings. found that urinary proteins, particularly albumin, increase in

urinary excretion after macrovascular diseases moderate inexercise. diabetic patience Albumin which was found is associated to increase with significantl micro- and y patients, in IDDM while remaining normal in non-diabetics. (See table 1 and 2 for resu lts) These results cannot be conclusive to say that this shows that exercise causes other and macrovascular microdiseases in diabetics. Since albumin is not associated with any indisease non-diabetics then the same may be the case for diabetics as well. However further research is required to find out why such a significant increase occurs in dia betic patients It obvious and that what there it really are many means. very complicated issues associated with diabete s which cannot be explained at this stage. Therefore much more research is required an d Although it's only matter ofthere a time for no are these firm complications evidence to suggest to resolved. that exercise will improve or w orsen diabetes still Aristotle and the it Indian is recommended physician, by Sushruta, physicians. suggested the use of exercise in the treatment of diabetic patients as early as 600 B.C. And during late last centu rythis and century early many physician claimed that the need for insulin decreased in exe rcising The benefits of exercise in non-diabetic individuals is well known. For exampl patients. e risk reduce ofthe heart disease. This makes exercise very important to diabetic carriers since are at Unquestionably, they a greaterit's riskimportant of getting for heart diabetics disease tothan optimise non-diabetics. cardiovascular and pu lmonary parameters as it is for non-diabetic individual. Improved fitness can improve one's of well-being sense and ability to cope with physical and psychological stresses tha t In canwell aggravated be controlled in diabetes. exercise programs the benefits are many, as shown on table 3. CONCLUSION In conclusion we can see that although there are many factors that need to con sidered a diabetic when person exercises, still there are many benefits when an IDDM carrie r controls and maintains a good exercise program. The risks of other disease such as hear tBibliography disease obesity 1. Sutton, andJ.R, are reduced. (1981), Drugs used in metabolic disorders, Medicine and Scienc e 2. in Konen, and Sports Exercise, J.C,Vol (1993), 13, pages Changes 266-271. in diabetic urinary transferrin excretion after moderate exercise, 3. Bouchard, Medicine C, (1990), and Science Exercise, in Fitness Sports and andExercise, Health, Human pagesKinetics 1110-1114. Publisher s.6. 5. 4. Marble, Sanborn, Burke, E.J, A, M.A, (1985), (1980), (1980), Joslin's Exercise, IssuesDiabetes inScience Physical Mellitus, and Education, Fitness, Twelfth Mouvement Lea Edition, and Febiger. Publishers. Lea and Feb iger. 7. Kilo, C, (1987), Diabetes - The facts that let you regain control of your l ife, Wiley 8. John Seefeldt, and Sons, V, (1986), Inc. Physical Activity and Well-being, American Alliance fo r Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance.