1. Explain the relationship of Managerial Economics with other disciplines. [16] 2.

What are the needs for demand forecasting. Explain the various steps involved in demand forecasting. [16] 3. (a) Distinguish between the following: i. Average cost and Marginal cost ii. Explicit cost and implicit cost iii. Short run Average cost and Long run Average cost iv. Variable cost and semi variable cost [4 2] (b) Diagrammatically represent the relationship between Average Fixed Cost, Average variable cost, Unit cost and Marginal cost. [8] 4. (a) Explain in detail, the important features of perfect competition. (b) How can a competitor attain equilibrium position under conditions of perfect competition? [8+8] 5. What are the differences between a partnership business and company form of organization? [16] 6. Write short notes on the following: [4 4] (a) Cumulative preference shares (b) Customer advances (c) Equity Shares (d) Fixed capital. 7. Explain the following adjustments and illustrate suitably with assumed data. [16] (a) Closing stock (b) outstanding expenses (c) Prepaid Income (d) Bad debts. 8. (a) What are the parties that make use of financial statements for their decision making? (b) How do they apply the same? Elaborate. [8+8] ======================================================================================= ====================================== 1. Define Demand and explain the factors that influence the demand of product. [16] 2. What are the needs for demand forecasting. Explain the various steps involved in demand forecasting. [16] 3. (a) To reach Breach even position means to reach zero point In the light of the above statement explain how output, cost and revenue relationship can be established. (b) What are its limitations? (c) Use suitable diagrams. [8+4+4] 4. (a) Explain in detail, the important features of perfect competition. (b) How can a competitor attain equilibrium position under conditions of perfect competition? [8+8] 5. Briefly discuss about the different types of business organizations. [16] 6. Give a comparative description of various methods of ranking investment proposals by using assumed data. [16] 7. Explain the following concepts and illustrate their treatment with imaginary data. [16] (a) Depreciation (b) Prepaid expenses (c) Reserve for bad and doubtful debts (d) Income received in advance. 8. (a) From the following information, calculate [16] i. Debt Equity ratio ii. Current ratio Rs. Rs. Debentures 1,40,000 Bank balance 30,000 Long term loans70,000 Sundry Debtors 70,000 General reserve40,000 Creditors 66,000 Bills payable 14,000 Share capital 1,20,000 (b) Calculate Interest Coverage ratio from the following information. Rs. Net profit after deducting interest and taxes 6,00,000 12% Debentures of the face value of 15,00,000 Amount provided towards taxation 1,20,000 ======================================================================================= ==================================== 1. Explain the role of a Managerial Economist in a Business firm. [16] 2. What are the needs for demand forecasting. Explain the various steps involved in demand forecasting. [16]

3. Explain the following concepts and point out their relevance in managerial decisions. [16] (a) Opportunity cost (b) Marginal cost (c) Contribution margin (d) Margin of safety 4. A competitor under conditions of perfect competition is only price taker and quantity adjustor - In the light of the above statement, discuss clearly the important features of perfect competition and how price output decisions can be taken. [16] 5. Define partnership business and discuss the merits and limitations of partnership. [16] 6. A company is considering two investment opportunities (A and B) that cost Rs. 4,00,000 and Rs. 3,00,000 respectively. The first project generates Rs. 1,00,000/- a year for four years. The second generates Rs.60,000/-, Rs. 1,00,000/, Rs. 80,000/- Rs, 90,000/- and Rs. 70,000 over a five year period. The companys cost of capital is 8%. Which project would you choose under NPV method? [16] 7. Give a brief account on the important records of Accounting under Double entry system and discuss briefly the scope of each. [16] 8. Compute the following ratios. (a) Calculate Earnings Per share Rs. Net profit before preferential dividend 1,15,000 Equity share capital (40,000 shares of Rs.100 each) 4,00,000 121/2 % preference share capital 2,00,000 (b) Calculate Debtor Turnover ratio Total sales for the year Rs.1,75,000 Cash sales 25% of total sales Sales returns out of credit sales Rs.10,000 Sundry Debtors Opening balance Rs. 8,000 Sundry Debtors - Closing balance Rs.12,000 (c) Calculate interest coverage ratio Rs. Net profit after deducting Interest and Tax 6,00,000 12% Debentures of the face value of 15,00,000 Provision for taxation 1,20,000 (d) A company has current ratio of 3:1 and Quick ratio of 1:2. If the Working Capital is Rs. 1,80,000, calculate Current liabilities and Stock. [4+4+4+4]

======================================================================================= ==================================== 1. Define Managerial Economics. Explain its nature and scope. [16] 2. What are the needs for demand forecasting. Explain the various steps involved in demand forecasting. [16] 3. (a) Define and explain diminishing returns to variable factor and why does it happen? (b) Use suitable diagrams in support of your answer. [10+6] 4. (a) Explain in detail, the important features of perfect competition. (b) How can a competitor attain equilibrium position under conditions of perfect competition? [8+8] 5. In the changing business environment the public sector enterprises should follow the principles of business Is it true? [16] 6. Write short notes on the following: [44] (a) Public deposits (b) Time value of money (c) Circulating capital (d) Investment evaluation. 7. Explain the following adjustments and illustrate suitably with assumed data. [16] (a) Closing stock (b) outstanding expenses (c) Prepaid Income (d) Bad debts . 8. (a) From the following information, calculate [16] i. Debt Equity ratio ii. Current ratio Rs. Rs.

Debentures 1,40,000 Bank balance 30,000 Long term loans70,000 Sundry Debtors 70,000 General reserve40,000 Creditors 66,000 Bills payable 14,000 Share capital 1,20,000 (b) Calculate Interest Coverage ratio from the following information. Rs. Net profit after deducting interest and taxes 6,00,000 12% Debentures of the face value of 15,00,000 Amount provided towards taxation 1,20,000 ======================================================================================= ==================================== 1. Managerial Economics is the application of Economic Theory to business management. Discuss. [16] 2. (a) What do you understand by Elasticity of demand. How is it classified. (b) Determine price elasticity of demand given that the quantity demanded of a product is 1000 units when the price is Rs. 100 and when the price declines to Rs.90, demand increases to 1500 units. [8+8] 3. (a) Define and explain diminishing returns to variable factor and why does it happen? (b) Use suitable diagrams in support of your answer. [10+6] 4. (a) What are the principal differences between monopoly and perfect competition? (b) Supplement your answer with appropriate diagrams in both the cases. [8+8] 5. Evaluate the partnership form of business organization. How does it overcome the limitations of sole trading? [16] 6. What is the importance of capital budgeting? Explain the basic steps involved in evaluating capital budgeting proposals. [16] 7. The following trial balance belongs to Bala Krishna as on 31st December 2004. Prepare a trading, profit and loss account and balance sheet. [16] Debit Rs. CreditRs. Purchases and Sales 1,65,625 2,56,650 Sales returns and Purchase returns 4,250 2,120 Sundry debtors & Creditors 40,200 30,720 Bills receivable and Bills payable 26,720 20,625 Opening stock 1,20,500 Wages 35,000 Fuel and power 10,500 Postage and stationery 5,750 Trade expenses7,500 Interest received 9,500 Bad debts 4,500 Drawings and capital 10,000 1,10,930 4,30,545 4,30,545 Adjustments (a) Closing stock was valued at Rs.95,000 (b) Wages were outstanding by Rs. 5,000 ( c) Outstanding interest receivable Rs.500. 8. (a) From the following information, calculate [16] i. Debt Equity ratio ii. Current ratio Rs. Rs. Debentures 1,40,000 Bank balance 30,000 Long term loans70,000 Sundry Debtors 70,000 General reserve40,000 Creditors 66,000 Bills payable 14,000

Share capital 1,20,000 (b) Calculate Interest Coverage ratio from the following information. Rs. Net profit after deducting interest and taxes 6,00,000 12% Debentures of the face value of 15,00,000 Amount provided towards taxation 1,20,000

======================================================================================= ==================================== 1. Managerial Economics is the application of Economic Theory to business management. Discuss. [16] 2. What are the needs for demand forecasting. Explain the various steps involved in demand forecasting. [16] 3. If Selling Price Per Unit Rs.12, Variable Cost Per Unit Rs.8, Fixed Cost Rs.40000 Find out (a) Break Even sales units and value (b) profit when sales are Rs.300000 (c) Margin of Safety when sales are Rs.350000. [16] 4. Write short notes on the following: (a) Product differentiation (b) Market skimming (c) Super normal profits (d) shut down price. [44] 5. Explain the features of sole trader form of organization. Discuss the merits and demerits of sole trader form of organization. [16] 6. Are there any considerations other than profitability to be made in managerial decisions about investment proposals? Explain them. [16] 7. The trial balance of Bharat is given below. Prepare the Trading and Profit & Loss A/c for the year ending 31st December, 2005 and Balance sheet as on that date. [16] Debit. Rs Credit. Rs. Drawings and Capital 10,550 1,19,400 Plant & Machinery 38,300 Sundry debtors and creditors 62,000 59,360 Wages 43,750 Purchases and Sales 2,56,590 3,56,430 Opening stock 95,300 Salaries 12,880 Insurance 930 Cash at bank 18,970 Interest on loan 14,370 Discounts allowed 4,870 Furniture 12,590 Loan payable 79,630 Furniture 43,990 6,15,090 6,15,090 Closing stock was valued at Rs.90,000. 8. (a) From the following information, calculate [16] i. Debt Equity ratio ii. Current ratio Rs. Rs. Debentures 1,40,000 Bank balance 30,000 Long term loans70,000 Sundry Debtors 70,000 General reserve40,000 Creditors 66,000 Bills payable 14,000 Share capital 1,20,000 (b) Calculate Interest Coverage ratio from the following information. Rs. Net profit after deducting interest and taxes 6,00,000 12% Debentures of the face value of 15,00,000 Amount provided towards taxation 1,20,000

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1. Managerial economics is a multi dimensional discipline ? Explain. [16] 2. Explain Income Elasticity of demand and its significance in making business decisions. [16] 3. (a) With a neat diagram represent [8] i. Angle of incidence ii. Margin of safety in sales volume (b) From the following figures you are required to calculate: [8] i. P/V Ratio ii. Break-Even Sales Volume iii. Margin of Safety and iv. Profit. Sales Rs.4000, Variable Cost Rs.2000, Fixed Cost Rs.1600 4. (a) Define Market and explain how markets are classified? (b) What are the important features in any market structure? [12+4] 5. Company form of organization is essential for the development of industrial sector in India Support this statement with suitable Justifications. [16] 6. Explain the concept of capital budgeting and what is its practical utility? [16] 7. The following are the particulars of Ledger Account balances taken from the books of Bhaskar for the year ending 31st March 2005. You are required to prepare the Trading and profit and Loss A/c and Balance sheet. [16] Rs. Rs. Bills receivable and Bills payable 4,00,000 7,00,000 Debtors and Creditors 75,000 50,000 Cash on hand 15,000 Cash at bank 25,000 Business premises 2,50,000 Loans payable 25,000 Opening stock 40,000 Purchases and purchase returns 60,000 8,000 Sales returns and sales 37,000 2,75,000 Wages 35,000 Salaries 65,000 Rent, Taxes and Insurance 15,000 Depreciation 5,000 Furniture 78,000 Advertisement 58,000 Capital 1,00,000 11,58,000 11,58,000 Adjustments: (a) Closing stock was valued at Rs. 80,000 (b) Write off Bad Debts of Rs.5 ,000 out of sundry debtors (c) Prepaid insurance amounted Rs.1,000. 8. (a) From the following information, calculate [16] i. Debt Equity ratio ii. Current ratio Rs. Rs. Debentures 1,40,000 Bank balance 30,000 Long term loans70,000 Sundry Debtors 70,000 General reserve40,000 Creditors 66,000 Bills payable 14,000 Share capital 1,20,000 (b) Calculate Interest Coverage ratio from the following information. Rs. Net profit after deducting interest and taxes 6,00,000 12% Debentures of the face value of 15,00,000 Amount provided towards taxation 1,20,000

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1. Write short notes on: (a) Demand Function (b) Complementary goods and demand (c) Substitution effect (d) Inferior goods [16] 2. Explain Income Elasticity of demand and its significance in making business decisions. [16] 3. Break even analysis provides the management with a simplified framework for an organization which is thinking on a number of problems ? Discuss. [16] 4. (a) What are the causes for the formulation of monopoly? (b) Discuss how the monopolist can formulate output and pricing decisions in the short run period? [8+8] 5. Explain the features of sole trader form of organization. Discuss the merits and demerits of sole trader form of organization. [16] 6. Explain

different types of working capital. [16] 7. Give a brief account on the important records of Accounting under Double entry system and discuss briefly the scope of each. [16] 8. (a) From the following information, calculate [16] i. Debt Equity ratio ii. Current ratio Rs. Rs. Debentures 1,40,000 Bank balance 30,000 Long term loans70,000 Sundry Debtors 70,000 General reserve40,000 Creditors 66,000 Bills payable 14,000 Share capital 1,20,000 (b) Calculate Interest Coverage ratio from the following information. Rs. Net profit after deducting interest and taxes 6,00,000 12% Debentures of the face value of 15,00,000 Amount provided towards taxation 1,20,000