DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT RELAY FUNTION

How to calculate the Operating region for Directional over current relay ?

Relay characterstic Angle (RCA)

The Relay characterstic value is used to define the region to operate the relay in the specified direction. Example :Let RCA = 45 In normal condition angles between Current & Voltages IR IY IB 0 120 240 VR VY VB 0 120 240 VRY VYB VBR 120 360 240 If any fualt occure in any phase the voltage will be drop and heavy current will flow. So to see the direction of the current flow relay will take other helth phase voltages. Operating region = ( Phase displaced + RCA) to ( Phase displaced + RCA +180 ) Let's take R phase grounded and relay will take VYB voltage value is referance VYB displaced 0 or 360 from IR Operating region = ( 0 + 45 to 45 + 180 ) = 45 to 225 Let's take Y phase grounded and relay will take VBR voltage value is referance VYB displaced 240 from IR = (240 + 45 ) = 285 and = 285 + 180 = 465 = 465 - 360 = 105 Operating regien = 105 to 285 Let's take B phase grounded and relay will take VBR voltage value is referance VRY displaced 120 from IB = (120 + 45 ) = 165 and = 165 + 180 = 345 Operating regien = 165 to 345