Alakia Ibadan Project Job Ref. Section Sheet no./rev. 1 Calc. by A Date 2/22/2013 Chk'd by Date App'd by Date GABION RETAINING WALL ANALYSIS AND DESIGN (BS8002:1994) TEDDS calculation version 1.1.02 1 1 - 2500 mm 1000 mm 2 2 - 1000 mm 1000 mm 500 3 3 - 700 mm 1000 mm 75 4 4 - 500 mm 1000 mm 75 10 0 3 8 2 5 -96.1kN/m 2 270.4kN/m 2 10 0 4 3 4 3 60kN/m 2 70.8 0 Wall geometry Width of gabion 1; w1 = 2500 mm Height of gabion 1; h1 = 1000 mm Width of gabion 2; w2 = 1000 mm Height of gabion 2; h2 = 1000 mm Step to front face between 1 and 2; s2 = 500 mm Width of gabion 3; w3 = 700 mm Height of gabion 3; h3 = 1000 mm Step to front face between 2 and 3; s3 = 75 mm Width of gabion 4; w4 = 500 mm Height of gabion 4; h4 = 1000 mm Step to front face between 3 and 4; s4 = 75 mm Wall inclination; c = 10 deg Wall fill Gabion fill unit weight; d = 16 kN/m 3 Centre of gravity Horizontal distance to centre of gravity gabion 1; xg1 = w1 / 2 = 1250 mm Horizontal distance to centre of gravity gabion 2; xg2 = w2 / 2 + s2 = 1000 mm Horizontal distance to centre of gravity gabion 3; xg3 = w3 / 2 + s2 + s3 = 925 mm Horizontal distance to centre of gravity gabion 4; xg4 = w4 / 2 + s2 + s3 + s4 = 900 mm Vertical distance to centre of gravity gabion 1; yg1 = h1 / 2 = 500 mm Vertical distance to centre of gravity gabion 2; yg2 = h2 / 2 + h1 = 1500 mm Vertical distance to centre of gravity gabion 3; yg3 = h3 / 2 + h1 + h2 = 2500 mm Abfort Associates 2 Gbadebo Estate, off Ife Road Alakia Ibadan Project Job Ref. Section Sheet no./rev. 2 Calc. by A Date 2/22/2013 Chk'd by Date App'd by Date Vertical distance to centre of gravity gabion 4; yg4 = h4 / 2 + h1 + h2 + h3 = 3500 mm Weight of gabion 1; Wg1 = d w1 h1 = 40.0 kN/m Weight of gabion 2; Wg2 = d w2 h2 = 16.0 kN/m Weight of gabion 3; Wg3 = d w3 h3 = 11.2 kN/m Weight of gabion 4; Wg4 = d w4 h4 = 8.0 kN/m Weight of entire gabion; Wg = Wg1 + Wg2 + Wg3 + Wg4 = 75.2 kN/m Horiz distance to centre of gravity entire gabion; xg = ((Wg1 xg1) + (Wg2 xg2) + (Wg3 xg3) + (Wg4 xg4)) / Wg = 1111 mm Vert distance to centre of gravity entire gabion; yg = ((Wg1 yg1) + (Wg2 yg2) + (Wg3 yg3) + (Wg4 yg4)) / Wg = 1330 mm Correcting for wall inclination horiz dist; Xg = xg cos(c) + yg sin(c) = 1325 mm Vertical change in height due to wall inclination; Hf = yg4 + h4/2 - ((yg4 + h4/2) cos(c) - (xg4 + w4/2) sin(c)) = 260 mm Calculate effective height of wall Effective height of wall; H = (yg4 + h4 / 2) + (w1 sin(c)) - Hf + [cos (90 o) sin (| + c) w4]/ sin [180 (o + |)] = 4343 mm Height of wall from toe to front edge of top gabion; Hincl = ((yg4 + h4 / 2) cos(c) - (xg4 - (w4/ 2)) sin(c)) = 3826mm Calculate the angle of rear plane of wall Effective angle of rear plane of wall; o =Atan [(yg4 + (h4 / 2)) / (w1 (xg4 + (w4/ 2)))] + c = 81.4 deg Calculate the effective face angle Effective face angle; u = Atan [(yg4 + (h4 / 2)) / ((xg4 - (w4/ 2)))] - c = 70.8 deg Soil parameters Slope of retained soil; | = 10.0 deg Mobilization factor; M = 1.2 Internal angle of friction for retained soil; | = 25.7 deg Saturated density of retained soil; s = 19 kN/m 3 Coefficient for wall friction; K = 0.9 Wall friction; o = | K = 23.1 deg Design angle of base friction; ob = 36.8 deg Bearing capacity of founding soil; q = 280 kN/m 2 Active Pressure using Coulomb Theory; Ka = (sin(o + |) 2 )/[(sin(o)) 2 sin(o - o) (1+\[(sin(| + o) sin(| - |)) / (sin(o - o) sin(o + |))]) 2 ] = 0.496 Loading Surcharge; po = 60 kN/m 2 Surcharge loading as equiv height of soil; hs = po / s = 3243 mm Active thrust due to soil; Pa,soil = 0.5 Ka s H 2 = 86.5 kN/m Active thrust due to surcharge; Pa,surch = po Ka H = 129.2 kN/m Total active thrust; Pa = Pa,soil + Pa,surch = 215.7 kN/m Total thrust resolved horizontally; Ph = Pa cos(90 - o + o) = 183.3 kN/m Total thrust resolved vertically; Pv = Pa sin(90 - o + o) = 113.6 kN/m Height above toe thrust acts if o is 0; dh,soil = H (H + 3 hs) / (3 (H + 2 hs)) = 1881 mm Height above toe thrust acts; dh = dh,soil w1 sin(c) = 1447 mm Horiz distance to where thrust acts; bv = w1 cos(c) (dh,soil / tan (o)) = 2176mm Overturning stability take moments about the toe Overturning moment; Mo = Ph dh = 265.3 kNm/m Abfort Associates 2 Gbadebo Estate, off Ife Road Alakia Ibadan Project Job Ref. Section Sheet no./rev. 3 Calc. by A Date 2/22/2013 Chk'd by Date App'd by Date Restoring moment; MR = (Pv bv) + (Wg Xg) = 346.8 kNm/m Factor of safety for overturning; Fo,M = MR / Mo = 1.31 Min allowable factor of safety for overturning; Fo,M,min = 1.00 PASS - Design FOS for overturning exceeds min allowable FOS for overturning Sliding stability ignore any passive pressure infront of structure Total vertical force; N = Wg + Pv = 188.8 kN/m Total horizontal force; T = Ph = 183.3 kN/m Sliding force; Ff = T cos (c) N sin (c) = 147.8 kN/m Resistance to sliding; FR = (N cos (c) + T sin (c)) tan (ob) = 162.9 kN/m Factor of safety for sliding; Fo,S = FR / Ff = 1.10 Min allowable factor of safety for sliding; Fo,S,min = 1.00 PASS - Design FOS for sliding exceeds min allowable FOS for sliding Pressure at base Force normal to base; Ns = (N cos (c) + T sin (c)) = 217.8 kN/m Eccentricity; e = (w1 / 2) (MR Mo) / Ns = 876 mm WARNING outside scope of calculation - reaction acts outside middle third of base Pressure at toe; otoe = (Ns / w1) (1 + (6 e / w1)) = 270.2 kN/m 2 Pressure at heel; oheel = (Ns / w1) (1 - (6 e / w1 )) = -96.0 kN/m 2 PASS - Allowable bearing pressure exceeds max design pressure to base