Laboratory Apparatuses

Tripod- It is to hold the substances to be heated above the Bunsen burner during heating. Alcohol lamp- as a source of heat for laboratory activity Testtube rack- The main reasons are safety, convenience and ease of handling. Evaporating dishes are used to evaporate excess water - or other solvents - to ensure that a concentrated solution or the dissolved substance is left behind. Clay triangle- It is used in conjunction with other lab equipment to create a stable framework in which to place a substance -- usually a solid chemical -- while it is heated to a high temperature. Distilling flask- The purpose of a distilling flask is to separate liquids of different boiling points. Triple beam balance- The triple beam balance is used to weigh an object's mass in grams. Bunsen burner- The function of a Bunsen burner is to heat substances. The burner can be regulated by changing the air and gas mixture. Aspirator-for cleaning the pans of different types of balances and used in getting liquid by means of measuring pipette. Cork-It is used to cover flasks so that the oxygen or any mixture will not get out of the container. It is also used as a stopper. Wire Gauze- Wire gauze can be used to support a container (such as a beaker or flask) during heating. When the Bunsen burner flame is beneath it, with a tripod, the wire gauze helps to spread the flame (and heat) out evenly over the container. Laboratory tongs are large pincers for grasping and lifting vessels of heat-resistant material used in high temperature chemical reactions. They can be used to hold or pick up many items, but work best as tongs for picking up a hot evaporating dish. Burrette- A burette, or buret, is a uniform-bore glass tube with fine gradations and a stopcock at the bottom, used especially in laboratory procedures for accurate fluid dispensing and measurement. Testplate- to put microorganism in to test. A test tube holder is used to hold a test tube when it is hot. Funnel - To bring a liquid into a bottle with precision. - To realize filtration (separation of the liquid phase from the solid phase Florence flask: - to contain liquids - to boil liquids

- to realize chemical reactions graduated cylinder is a scientific tool for measuring the volume of a liquid. (Like a tall skinny beaker with measurement marks

Laboratory Apparatuses
Beaker = A container used for measuring the liquid. Barrette = Used for measuring the volume of the solution. Wire gauze = used for spreading the heat of a burner(flame). Test tube brush = It is used to clean the test tube. Droper = It is used for adding the solution drop by drop. Magnifying glass = It is used for viewing the minute objects. Filter paper = It is used for separating the liquid and the precipitate. Stirring rod = It is used for mixing the liquids or distribution of heat in a liquid by stirring. Spring balance = used for measuring the mass of the materials. Forceps = It is used for holding or picking up small objects. Watch glass = It is used for holding small samples of the substances on which the experiment is performed. Wash bottle = It is used for dispensing small quantities of distilled water. Test-tube holders = It is used for holding the test tubes. Test tubes = it is used for holding small samples or performing small-scale reactions Pipette - It is used for transferring one substance into another by measuring. Centrifuge - It is used for separating the materials of varying densities from a colloid. Thermometer - It is used for measuring the temperature. PH Scale - It is used for measuring the acidity or basicity of the solution. Crucible - it is used for heating a small amount of a solid substance at a very high temperature.

Tripod = It is a three-legged stand that supports the wire gauze while heating. Microscope = It is used for viewing the ultra minute objects by the process of magnification. Multimeter = It is used for measuring the current, voltage and resistance.

MGA TEORYA NG PINAGMULAN NG WIKA

1. Teoryang bow-bow - ito ay ang panggagaya ng tao sa mga tunog na nalikha ng kalikasan 2. Teoryang Pooh-pooh - ipinapalagay na natutong magsalita ang mga tao dahilan sa hindi sinasadyang napapabulalas sila bunga ng masidhing damdamin. ang tao amg siyang lumikha ng tunog at siya rin ang nagbibigay ng kahulugan nito. 3. teoryang yo-he-ho. - Tunog na nalilikha sa pwersang fisikal kung saan natutuong magsalita ang tao dahil sa nalilikha nilang tunog kapag sila ay gumagamit ng lakas. 4. teoryang ta-ra-ra-boom-de-ay. - sa mga tunog na galing sa mga ritwal ng mga sinaunang tao ang naging daan upang matutung magsalita ang tao. ang mga sayaw, sigaw o incantation at mga bulong ay binigyan nila ng kahulugan at sa pagdaan ng panahon ito ay nagbagubago. 5.teoryang tata. sa mga kumpas at galaw ng kamay na ginagawa ng mga tao sa mga partikular na okasyon ay ginaya ng dila hanggang ito ay ngproduce ng tunog at natutuong magsalita ang mga tao. ang tawag dito ay ta-ta na sa france ay paalam o goodbye. 6.teoryang ding-dong. ito ay kahig lng ng teoryang bow-wow. ito ay hindi limitado sa kalikasan lamang kundi kasali na rito ang mga bagay na ginawa ng tao. tulad ng doorbell, motor, tv, telepono at maramin png Iba. Ding Dong - bagay. Ipinalagay sa teoryang ito na ang lahat ng bagay sa kapaliran ay may sariling tunog na siyang kumakatawan sa nasabing bagay. Mga tunog ang nagpapakahulugan sa mga bagay tulad ng kampana, relo, tren, at iba pa. Bow Wow - kalikasan. Dito ang tunog ng nalikha ng kalikasan, anuman ang pinagmulan ay ginagad ng tao. Halimbawa, ang tunog-kulog, ihip ng hanging, at iba pa.

Pooh Pooh - tao. Ipinalalagay na ang tao ang siyang lumikha ng tunog at siya ring

nagbibigay ng kahulugan. Dito ang tunog mula sa mga tao. Kahariang Ehipto - Ayon sa haring si Psammatichos, ang wika ay sadyang natutuhan kahit walang nagtuturo o naririnig. Natutunan kahit walang nagtuturo. Unconsciously learning the language.

Charles Darwin - Ito ay nakasaad sa aklat na Lioberman (1975) na may pamagat na "On the Origin of Language", sinasaad niya ang pakikipagsapalaran ng tao para mabuhay ang nagtuturo sa kanya upang malikha ng iba't ibang wika. Wika natutunan tungkol sa mga pakikipagsapalaran.

Proper Care
1. When you pick up the microscope and walk with it, grab the arm with one hand and place your other hand on the bottom of the base. DON'T SWING THE MICROSCOPE ! 2. Never touch the lenses with your fingers. Your body produces an oil that smudges the glass. This oil can even etch the glass if left on too long. Use only LENS PAPER to clean the glass. TOILET PAPER, KLEENEX, AND PAPER TOWELS HAVE FIBERS THAT CAN SCRATCH THE LENSES. 3. When you are finished with your "scope" assignment, rotate the nosepiece so that it's on the low power objective, roll the nosepiece so that it's all the way down to the stage, then replace the dust cover. DON'T FORGET TO USE PROPER TRANSPORTING TECHNIQUES! 4. Clean all slides, materials, and work area when you're done. Please, be careful with the slides and cover slips. They are made of glass and if broken, you will get cut and you will bleed. DON'T CUT YOURSELF, THERE ARE NO BAND AIDS IN THIS ROOM.

Why is it not a healthful practice to view the specimen of the microscope with only one eye?
If you mean with two eyes open as opposed to one, it's simply to prevent eyestrain. If you try to squeeze your other eye shut the whole time (when using the old monocular types) and it makes you squint in the other eye and can lead to eyestrain. If you start with both eyes open, you and your other eye will quickly learn to just shut out that image.

When are the plane and concave surfaces of the mirror of the microscope used?

The mirror reflects rays from the light source on to the object. One side has a concave surface and the other a plane mirror. In the absence of a condenser the concave surface of the mirror should be used since concave surface forms a low power condenser. In the presence of a condenser the plain surface of the mirror should be used.

When is the High power objective used?

When examining a specimen slide it is usual to start with the lowest magnification to orient the view. The next objective is then rotated into use and the object examined again. If more detail is needed, the high power objective will be used.

What is resolving power?

a. the ability of a microscope, telescope, or other optical instrument to produce separate images of closely placed objects b. the ability of a spectrometer to separate two adjacent peaks in a spectrum