COMMUNICATIONS

OBJECTIVE Learning Outcome 18

Perform Communications Using Portable Radio.

Assessment Criteria 18

18.1 18.2 18.3 18.4

State communication equipments used in Fire Service. Maintain a constant level in speech volume. Maintain the natural rhythm of ordinary conservation. Enunciate each word, radio alphabet as well as numeral clearly and distinctly. Use standard procedural words and phraseologies in Radio Telephony communications.

18.5

REFERENCES a. Air Traffic Service Manual Vol III Part 15. b. Manual For Airport Emergency Operations Section 5. c. IFSTA 206 Chapter 13.

COMMUNICATIONS
INTRODUCTION Radio-telephone communication provides the vital link between supervisors and firefighters during fire-fighting and rescue operations. Radio-telephone sets are not fire-fighting or extinguishing tools; they are command tools for communication offering contact between the fire-ground commander and his men resulting in efficient operations and improved safety of fire-fighters.

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COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENTS USED IN FIRE SERVICE among communication equipment types that is usual used by in fire service were as follows: a. MOTOROLA GP 328 b. MOTOROLA GM 360 (Base Station) c. GIRN d. VOLTEX COMMUNICATION DISCIPLINE Member that work to handle telephone radioset isresponsible to determine every message that want to be channelled must be omply discipline principles relationship that is fixed. RULE AND WAY OF CALLING Call which made through fire engine to control tower or on the other hand, should be based on to following factors: Call example from car : KUANTAN TOWER, THIS IS CRASH TOO , OVER (Request For A Reply). Model answer from Tower : CRASH TOO , THIS IS KUANTAN TOWER, GO AHEAD (Continue Speech) STANDARD PROCEDURES The efficient use of radiotelephony depends to a great extent on the method of speaking of the operator. All words should be spoken plainly and each word ended clearly to avoid running consecutive words together. Shouting, accentuating syllables artificially or to talk rapidly should be avoided. The following points should be observed: Speed : Rate of utterance should be kept constant neither too fast not too slow. : Maintain the speaking volume at a constant level do not whisper but, more important do not shout. Avoid lowering your voice at the end of each transmission. Maintain an even rate of speech, (not greater than 100 words a minute). Do not talk rapidly. Talk slightly slower if any details of a message have to be written down by a recipient. Numbers are more easily understood if a slight pause is made before and after the number. : The natural rhythm of ordinary conversation should be preserved by transmitting each sentence phrase by phrase. In separating words so that they do not run together the inclination to introduce syllables er, ah or um should be avoided.

Voice Control

Rhythm

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Microphone

: Do not turn your head away from the microphone while talking or very the distance between it and your mouth. Severe distortion of speech may exist from: a. b. c. talking too close to the microphone. touching the microphone with the lips. holding the microphone.

Make certain the transmit switch is actuated before you start talking and not release until you have finished. This will prevent clipping or transmissions. Phraseology : Use standard phraseology where possible. Always be concise and unambiguous of RTF. Avoid asking questions by using inflection of the voice. Always use the correct interrogative word or standard phrase. Do not use expressions of petiteness to excess.

STRENGTH AND HEARING Test should be made to ensure radio set staying in good condition.Language that used must be understood and short. In this matter there was two factor that should give attention namely: a. Onstrength of receiving. b. Determine message that channelled readily understandable. Way of making telephone radio set test were as follows: a. Call : KUANTAN TOWER THIS IS CRASH TOO , HOW DO YOU HEAR ME OVER b. Answer : CRASH TOO THIS IS KUANTAN TOWER, YOU ARE COMING (1) LOUD AND CLEAR (2) FAINT BUT CLEAR (3) LOUD BUT DISTORTED The following words are to be used when it is required to transmit individual letters, e.g. callsigns: Letter A B C D E F G H I J Word Alfa Bravo Charlie Delta Echo Foxtrot Golf Hotel India Juliett Pronunciation in English AL FA BRAH VOH CHAR LEE DELL TAH ECK OH FOKS TROT GOLF HOH TELL IN DEE AH JEW LEE ETT Morse Code ._ _... _._. _.. . .._. _ _. . .. ._ _ _

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K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Kilo Lima Mike November Oscar Papa Quebec Romeo Sierra Tango Uniform Victor Whiskey Xray Yankee Zulu

KEY LOH LEE MAH MIKE NO VEM BER OSS CAR PAH PAH KEY BECK ROW ME OH SEE AIR RAH TANG GO YOU NEE FORM VIK TAH WISS KEY ECKS RAY YANG KEY ZOO LOO

_._ ._.. __ _. ___ ._ _. __._ ._. _ .._ _ ._ _ _.._ _._ _ _ _..

When transmitting numerals by radio-telephony the following pronunciation shall be used: 0 ZERO 1 WUN 2 TOO 3 TREE 4 FOWER 5 FIFE 6 SIX 7 SEVEN 8 AIT 9 NINER

Every digit of a number is normally spoken separately. However if the number is a whole thousand, each digit of the number of thousands is spoken separately, followed by the word thousand (pronounced TOUSAND). A decimal point with a number is to be indicated by the word decimal (pronounced DAY-SEE-MAL). NUMBER 10 75 100 295 1000 1012 25000 118.3 TRANSMITTED AS WUN ZERO SEVEN FIFE WUN ZERO ZERO TOO NINER FIFE WUN TOUSAND WUN ZERO WUN TOO TOO FIFE TOUSAND WUN WUN AIT DAY-SEE-MAL TREE

PROCEDURE WORDS AND PHRASES 4.1 While it is not possible to lay down precise phraseology for all radiotelephony working the following abbreviations are used frequently: Phrase ACKNOWLEDGE : Meaning Let me know that you understood this message. Yes or Permission granted. I hereby indicate the separation between portions of the message. (to be used where th ere is no clear distinction between the text and other portions of the have received and

AFFIRMATIVE BREAK

: :

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message). CORRECTION : An error has been made in this transmission (or message indicated). The correct version Is . Proceed with your message. What is the readability scale (see below) of my transmission. Self-explanatory. No or Permission not granted or that is not correct. My transmission is ended and I expect a response from you. This conversation is ended and no response is expected. Repeat all, or the specified part, of this message back to me as exactly received. Repeat all, or the follow part, of your last transmission:. I have received all of your last transmission. Self-explanatory. Self-explanatory. Self-explanatory. Check coding, check test with the originator and send correct version. Your last message (or message indicated) received, understood and will be complied with. a. As a request Communication is difficult; please send every work twice. b. As Information Since communication is difficult every word in this Message will be send twice..

GO AHEAD HOW DO YOU READ

: :

I SAY AGAIN NEGATIVE

: :

OVER

OUT

READ BACK

SAY AGAIN

ROGER SPEAK SLOWER STAND-BY THAT IS CORRECT VERIFY

: : : : :

WILCO

WORDS TWICE

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Readability Scale The following readability scale shall be used: a. b. c. d. e. Unreadable Readable now and then Readable but with difficulty Readable Perfectly readable.

CONCLUSION With knowledge on this matter facilitate us make relationship through telephone radio tool especially when conducting emergency task. Do not use this tool for joke instead used with best possible so that our message understood exactly.

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