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The alphabet

Capital and small letters

These are capital letters.

These are small letters.

ABCDEFGHIJKLMN OPQRSTUVWXYZ

abcdefghij klmn opqrstuvwxyz

All the letters from Aa to Zz are called the alphabet. There are 26 letters in the English alphabet. Say all the letters of the alphabet aloud. Is B a capital letter or a small letter?

Look at the letters of the alphabet below. Circle all the capital letters. A c b K n F o g h Q D e L p r V X J m w Z S y t

Capital and small letters

B
Match the words in small letters to the same words in capital letters. FATHER ant HOUSE boy GIRAFFE car CAR doll ANT eagle DOLL father EAGLE giraffe BOY house Look at the letters carefully. Circle the letter that is wrongly written in each word. queeN icecReam Long jumP mAngo River Hello. I am Ram Kumar. I am from Jaipur My favorite cartoon character is Dexter. Long Near kangarOo osTrich

Now write about yourself. Begin each name with a capital letter. Hello. I am ___________. I am from ___________. My favourite cartoon character is ___________.

The alphabet

ABC order
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ Look at the order of the letters. A comes before B, C comes after B, and so on. The small letters have the same order too. abcdefghij klmnopqrstuvwxyz h comes before g. Yes No

ABC order is also called the alphabetical order.

What comes before, after and in the middle? Fill in the blanks.
.... B C K .... M U V .... .... Y Z C D .... G .... I Q R .... .... O P .... U V .... KL

b....d kl.... m....o

r....t u....w ....qr

jk.... s....u cd.... ....yz

ABC order
B
Arrange the names of these children in the correct ABC order. Number them from 1 to 10.

Karma

Luna

Mary

David

Sunny

Laxmi

Chen

Raju

Neha

Tom

ABC order
C
Arrange these animals in the alphabetical order. tiger bear

lion

horse

penguin

rhino

bear

gorilla

ostrich

dog

yak

The alphabet

Vowels and consonants

aeiou These five letters are vowels. All the other letters of the alphabet are called consonants. bcdfghjklmnpqrstvwxyz Is w a vowel or a consonant?

All the words below have vowels in them. Write the vowels in the circles. umbrella cauliflower zebra violin hibiscus mountains leopard crocodile aeroplane brother

Vowels and consonants

B
All the words below have consonants in them. Write the consonants in the squares. tiger

dragon

needle

trousers

marigold

boxing

chocolate helicopter

yellow

fish

Vowels and consonants

C
Fill in the missing vowels.

fl __ g

d __ sk

m __ rror

__ nion

d __ ck

l __ mon

kang __ roo

fr __ g

b __ rd

dr __ m

ostr __ ch

gorill__

Vowels and consonants

D
Fill in the missing consonants.

__ utterfly

sol __ ier

rai __ bow

ki __ e

flo __ er

tele __ ision

__ ouse

__ ountain

ladde __

bo __ es

papa __ a

__ ebra

Nouns

Look at the picture.

Do you see an animal? Do you see something that can fly? Do you see a boy or a girl? Do you see a place to live in? Do you also see a place where ducks like to swim?

Nouns
Look at the words below and look at the picture again. Do you see them in the picture? Tick them if you see them. boy duck log road car garden moon sun cat girl pond tree

airplane dog house river

Remember! Everything that you see in the picture is a noun. Boy is a noun. Pond is a noun.

Cat is a noun.

Aeroplane is a noun.

A noun is a naming word. It names people, places, animals and other things. Is cow a noun? Yes No

Nouns
C
Look at the nouns below. Put them into the correct groups. banana computer jug parrot teacher boy elephant man pencil temple places carrot girl mouse playground woman cauliflower horse panda radish zoo things

ball chair hospital papaya school

people

animals and birds

fruit and vegetables

Now think of and write two nouns in each group.

people places things animals and birds fruit and vegetables

Nouns

Singular and plural

A
Here is a vase full of beautiful flowers. How many flowers do you see altogether?
1 flower 2 flowers 3 flowers

9 flowers

10 flowers

11 flowers

Count the number of flowers and write the number in the boxes. marigold roses lotus dahlias sunflowers hibiscus

A noun can be singular or plural. Rose is a noun. It is the name of a flower. Rose is a singular noun. It means one. Roses is a plural noun. It means more than one. Do you say two flower or two flowers?

Singular and plural

C
Colour the correct pictures.

dog

bananas

hens

shirt

tents

slide

house

flower

Singular and plural

D
Circle the correct word for each picture.

tulip

tulips

bag

bags

boy

boys

dancer

dancers

house

houses

lion

lions

egg

eggs

cup

cups

monkey

monkeys

carrot

carrots

mountain mountains penguin

penguins

Singular and plural

E
Write S if the noun is singular and P if the noun is plural. doctor helicopters zoo tree nurses soaps swimming pool apples

We can change many singular nouns into plural nouns by adding the letter s. cow hill cows hills

Write the plural form of these nouns.

clown driver bean orange road

town balloon clock camel pigeon

Articles
a and an

an apple on a tree

an elephant in a car

a man with an umbrella

a bow and an arrow

We use a for words beginning with a consonant. a tree a man a car a bow

We use an for words beginning with a vowel. an apple an umbrella an elephant an arrow

Is it a balloon or an balloon? . .....

a and an
A
What is this? Tick the correct answer and copy it.

an ant a bat

a cow an ox

an owl a parrot

a fan an umbrella

an ostrich a kangaroo

a knife an axe

an ice cream a flower

a bag an envelope

a and an
B
Do you use a or an before these words? Write your answers in the given spaces. ____ engine ____ pencil ____ insect ____ mask ____ inkpot a ball 9 an orange 9 a balls 2 an oranges 2 balls 9 oranges 9 ____ table ____ oar ____ telephone ____ envelope ____ train

Use a or an only with singular nouns.

Put a tick (9) or a (2) an orange a flowers a butterflies a vase an eggs a bag an elephants an apple

a and an
D
Write the correct noun for each picture. Then write a or an before the singular nouns. owl balloons pizza momos oranges snake arrow star pens eggs

Adjectives

Look at Karuns family photo. Everyone looks different in the photo. How are they different?

grandfather grandmother baby brother Karun

father dog

mother cat

sister

Match the names of the family members with the words that describe them. 1. dirty 2. thin 3. angry 4. fat 5. old 6. happy 7. small grandfather and grandmother father mother Karun sister baby brother cat and dog

Adjectives
dirty thin angry fat old happy small These words tell us about the people and animals in the picture. They are adjectives. An adjective is a word that tells us more about a noun. Adjectives are also called describing words. a happy boy Which is an adjective and which is a noun? happy boy

Choose an adjective from the box for each animal. Then complete the sentences. (a) Look at this _________ mouse. (b) Elephants are _________. (c) Giraffes have _________ necks. (d) It is a _________ cat. (e) A rabbit has a _________ tail. (f) A tortoise is a _________ animal. (g) Pigs like to live in _________ places. (h) Dogs are always _________ with the cats. angry big bushy dirty fat little long slow

Adjectives
D
Match the opposites. 1. beautiful 2. big 3. fast 4. fat 5. happy 6. high 7. hot 8. light 9. long 10. old 11. right cold heavy low sad short slow small thin

1 ugly
wrong young

9 2

Now fill in the blank spaces with the adjectives.

a _________ fairy and an ugly monster a big book and a _________ book a fast runner and a _________ runner a _________ cat and a thin cat a happy face and a _________ face a high mountain and a _________ valley a _________ day and a cold day a _________ load and a heavy load

a long line and a _________ line an _________ woman and a young girl a right answer and a _________ answer

Adjectives
Colours can also be adjectives. What do colours tell us about the nouns? Of course they tell us about their colour! green grass black shoes white shirt

Fill in these words in the puzzle. blue brown red

C O L O U R

yellow

purple

What colour clothes are you wearing today?

What colour is an orange? An orange is orange!

Male and female

Nouns

father and mother Is father a man or a woman? Are you a boy or a girl? male nouns father man boy female nouns mother woman girl

Match each male to a female correctly. boys father grandfather uncle man Mr Yadav king brother grandmother woman Ms Yadav sister girls mother queen aunt

Male and female

B
Now copy the male nouns and their female nouns in the space below.
boys and girls

Here are some names of animals. Write M for male and F for female in the boxes. cow bull hen cock nanny goat billy goat he-buffalo she-buffalo

lion lioness

Now write the male name or the female name for each animal in the picture. Use your notebook.

Young ones

Nouns

Look at the animal families. Do you know what the young ones are called?

cock

hen

nanny goat

billy goat

lion

lioness

cow

bull

Here are the names for the young ones. Write them in the correct places.

calf

kid

chick

cub

Young ones
B
Whose babies are these? Match the babies with their parents. 1. lamb bear

2. gosling

cat

3. chick

cow

4. calf

dog

5. cub

duck

6. duckling

goose

7. kitten

hen

8. puppy

horse

9. foal

sheep

Young ones
C
Now fill in the missing nouns. The babies are on the left and the parents are on the right.
BABIES PARENTS

calf

hen

cub duck

foal

goose kitten

sheep

puppy

Proper nouns
A
Look at these two lists of nouns. How are they different? Monday Laxman Kathmandu Hello Grammar These nouns begin with a capital letter.

Nouns

day boy place book These nouns begin with a small letter.

We give special names to people. The names begin with a capital letter.

Give a name to these people. You can choose the names from the box. Bina Dolma Rajesh Ramesh Popeye Dexter Teddy Freddy I am a girl. My name is _____________. Hello. I am _____________.

Do you know my name? Can you give me a name too?

________________

________________

Your name is a special name. Your name is a proper noun. A proper noun is a special name of people, places, animals and things.

Here are two lists. Which is the list of proper nouns? Write proper nouns in the correct box. Then write common nouns in the other box. boy girl man cartoon park river country day Arun Meena Mr Thapa Tom and Jerry Sankha Park Bagmati Singapore Monday

Proper nouns
D
Circle the proper nouns. Nima animal Ms Taylor Town Jonny Bravo mother river Sunday Cinderalla

girl

Delhi

story

Names of the days are proper nouns too.

Here are the seven days of the week. But they are in the wrong order. Write them in the correct order. Friday Monday Saturday Sunday Thursday Tuesday Wednesday ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________

Pronouns
Hello. My name is Muna. I am six years old. This is my brother. He is ten years old.

This is my mother. She is very nice.

This is my father. He is very nice too.

This is my house. It is a beautiful house.

These are Tommy and Kitty. They are our pets.

We are all very happy. Are you happy too?

Pronouns
I he she it you we they

These words are pronouns. Pronouns are words that can be used in place of nouns. The pronoun I is always written with a capital letter.

Put the correct pronoun in the blank space. My name is Sam. I He ______ am six years old. I have a brother. He She ______ is ten years old. I also have a sister. He She ______ is three years old. My father is 30 years old. He She ______ goes to office. My mother works at home. He She ______ takes care of us. My father and mother are very nice. We They ______ love us very much. Tina and Robin are my friends. We They ______ like to play together. Sam HELLO

Pronouns
B
Choose the correct pronouns from the box to fill in the blanks. I you he she it they we

Hello. Do ______ know me? My name is Sunny. ______ am six years old.

This is my Dad. ______ is a police officer. This is my Mum. ______ is a nurse. I like to play with Sonia and Binu. ______ are my sisters. This is the picture of my family. ______ live in a town. We have a beautiful house. ______ is red in colour.

Adjectives

Comparisons

A rhino is a big animal.

An elephant is also a big animal.

But an elephant is bigger than a rhino.

This tree is tall. Which is taller? tree

This giraffe is also tall. giraffe.

We use adjectives to compare two people or things. Look at these comparisons. tall small strong easy taller smaller stronger easier

Comparisons
A
Circle the correct adjective for each picture.

big bigger

big bigger

thick thicker

thick thicker

thin thinner

thin thinner

fat fatter

fat fatter

long longer

long longer

wide wider

wide wider

happy happier high higher

happy happier

high higher

high higher

fast faster

fast faster

short shorter

short shorter

Comparisons
B
Answer these questions. Which is thicker, your grammar book or your science book? _______________________________ Which is sweeter, icecream or honey? _______________________________ Which is deeper, a well or a water tank? _______________________________ Which is shorter, a giraffe or an elephant? _______________________________ Which is colder, hills or mountains? _______________________________ Which is bigger, your house or your school? _______________________________ Who is taller, your father or your mother? _______________________________ Which is harder, a football or a cricket ball? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Who is younger, you or your teacher? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Which is nearer from your house, your school or your uncles house? ______________
You are taller, but I am bigger.

Action words
A
Tick (9) the things you do every day and cross out the things you do not do. I brush my teeth. I wash my hands and face. I drink milk. I play with my pet. I eat my breakfast. I help my mother. I polish my shoes. I read my books. I take a bath. I go to school.

Verbs

I pluck flowers from the garden.

Read these words aloud. brush wash drink play pluck eat help polish read take go

All these words are about what you do. They tell us about your action. The words that tell the action are called verbs. Is the word come a verb? Yes No

Action words
C
Some words are verbs and some words are nouns. Write V for verb and N for noun. apple cut run tree bird dance see walk bring door sing write chair jump talk zoo

Write the correct verb for each action. sing dance swim walk play draw shout fight teach

What do we do with our eyes?

Action words
E
Write the correct verbs in the blanks.

bite

clap

eat

hug

kick

pluck

smell

taste

We _____________ with our arms.

We _____________ with our hands.

We _____________ with our mouth.

We _____________ with our teeth.

We _____________ with our nose.

We _____________ with our fingers.

We _____________ with our foot.

We _____________ with our tongue.

am am, is and are

A
Who is right? I am a girl. I am a boy.

Verbs

He is a doctor.

He is an artist.

She is a teacher. She is a student.

am am, is and are

It is a cat. It is a rat.

They are tall. They are short.

We are happy.

We are sad.

You are in Grade 1.

You are in grade 2.

am am, is and are

am is are These are also verbs. They are called be verbs. You use am with I. I am You use is with he, she and it. He is She is It is

You use are with you, we and they. You are We are They are You is my friend. Right Wrong

Use am, is or are to complete each sentence. I ___________ reading a book. They ___________ my father and mother. He ___________ good at maths. You ___________ my best friend. We ___________ in the same class. She ___________ a beautiful girl. It ___________ my English book.

Tick (9 ) the correct statements. A cow is a plant. Elephants are big animals. Mountains are small. A house is a place to live in. Usha and Tara are the names of girls. You and I are people.

am am, is and are

Singular nouns take is and plural nouns take are. a cow is a house is elephants are mountains are Two nouns or two pronouns take are. Usha and Tara are You and I are My friend and I are

Circle the correct choice. A whale are Your nails are The girls are An apple are Laxmi are Pema and Dolma are a very big animal. too long. playing good to eat. a a tall girl. good friends.
A whale is..?! A whale are..?!

A whale is Your nails is The girls is An apple is Laxmi is Pema and Dolma is

am am, is and are

E
Fill in the blanks with am, is or are. 1. We ______ watching television. 2. Rohit ______ a strong boy. 3. It ______ eight oclock now. 4. She ______ a taxi driver. 5. Cats and dogs ______ pet animals. 6. You ______ late again. 7. My brother ______ a waiter. 8. We ______ good children. 9. My brother and I ______ in the same class. 10. Tom and Jerry ______ cartoon characters. 11. They ______ my parents. 12. He ______ our good neighbour.

I ______ in Grade 1.

have and has

A
Who is saying the right thing? I have three eyes. I have two eyes.

Verbs

The boy It has two legs.

The girl It has four legs.

The boy Have and has are verbs. They show possession. We use have with I, you, we and they. I have You have We have We use has with he, she and it. She has He has It has You has ten fingers. Right You have ten fingers. Right Wrong Wrong

The girl

They have

have and has

B
Use have or has correctly to fill in the blanks. 1. He ______ a sister. 2. They ______ a big house. 3. She ______ a nice car. 4. We ______ lots of books. 5. I ______ a little brother. 6. You ______ two pens. 7. It ______ a long tail. 8. He ______ many pencils. 9. We ______ a good school. 10. She ______ a grandmother. An elephant has a long trunk. An elephant has big ears.

Birds have wings.

Birds have beaks too.

have and has

Singular nouns take has. Plural nouns take have. an elephant has elephants have a bird has birds have

C
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Choose the correct noun from the box to fill in the blanks. A goat A fish A snake A giraffe An owl Goats Fishes Snakes Giraffes Owls

__________ has horns. __________ has fins. __________ have forked tongues. __________ has a long neck. __________ have a large eyes.

D
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Fill in the blanks with either have or has.

The boy ______ short hair. Girls ______ long hair. Dogs ______ sensitive noses. A car ______ four wheels. Aeroplanes ______ wings.

have and has

E
Fill in the blanks with have or has. I ______ two brothers and two sisters. My dog ______ a bushy tail. She ______ a beautiful dress. We ______ new shoes. It ______ long ears. Lions ______ manes. A donkey ______ small ears. You ______ a bottle of water. They ______ many friends. Mohan ______ a pet monkey.

This lion has a really big mane.

Prepositions

Where is my doll?

Your doll is on the table.

Where are my shoes, my hat and my teddy bear?

Your shoes are under the table. Your hat is in the bag. But I dont see your teddy bear.

Your teddy bear is between the table and the bed.

Prepositions
The words on, under, in and between are prepositions. A preposition is a word in front of a noun or pronoun to show its relation with other words in a sentence.

Here are some common prepositions.

on behind

in over

under near between in front of

The fish is in the water.

The bulb is over your head.

The school is in front of my house.

She is standing near the car.

Prepositions
A
Look at the pictures below. Fill in the blanks with prepositions.

The cat is jumping ________ the fire.

The monkey is _________ the wall.

The snake is _________ the hole.

The bus is _________ the school.

She is standing _________ the river.

The mouse is __________ the chair.

The tiger is __________ the trees.

Prepositions
B
Draw the pictures in the correct places.

Draw a cat on this table.

Draw a tree near this house.

Draw a fish in this aquarium.

Draw a ball under this chair.

Draw a flower between the two rocks.

Conjunctions

I will put this in my bag.

I will now put this in my bag.

What is there in Meenas bag? a book and a pencil. We use and to join words. It is a joining word. A joining word is called a conjunction. Is the word and a conjunction? Yes No

A
1

Look at each picture. Write what you see there using and. 2

Conjunctions
B
Fill in the blanks with suitable words from the box. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. father and __________ teacher and __________ the __________ and the stars __________ and drink air and __________ food student mother water moon

Find words in the box that can be put together. Write them using and. daughter brother dogs socks 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. shoes black daddy shirt night day read sister son coffee mummy white trousers cats write tea

son and daughter ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________

10. ________________________________________

Sentences
These are letters.

ABD FLO abd flo

These are words. Letters combine to make words.

cow wants girl river

go

These are sentences. Words combine to make sentences.

A cow eats grass. Children love sweets.

A sentence always begins with a capital letter and ends with a full stop.

Sentences
A
Can you rearrange the jumbled letters to make words? hpenaelt It is the name of a big animal: ______________ astonumni They are taller than hills: ______________ sorfet Animals live there: _____________ sfih They love water: _____________ icnelp You have it in your bag: ______________ Rearrange the jumbled words to make sentences. Begin with a capital letter and end with a full stop. 1. fly birds can _____________________________________________________ 2. the live lions jungle in _____________________________________________________ 3. my me love parents _____________________________________________________ 4. is dress this beautiful _____________________________________________________ 5. open the is window _____________________________________________________

Sentences
C
Look at the picture and write ten sentences about it.

1.

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2.

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3.

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4.

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5.

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6.

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7.

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8.

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9.

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10.

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