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16/05/2011
Defining cylindrical coordinate system with solid elements for composite material
Abaqus v6.10, and the previous versions, predefines a cylindrical coordinate system for solid elements with the following corresponding between axes: Axis 1: Radial axis. Axis 2: Circumferential axis. Axis 3: Axial axis.
However, composite material structures are typically modeled with the following local coordinate system definition: Axis 1: Longitudinal fiber direction. Axis 2: Transversal fiber direction. Axis 3: Normal to the composite lamina.
After a deep study and some requesting to SIMULIAs personal assistance, only two solutions have appeared as suitable to solve this limitation. The first solution consists in changing to equivalent material properties to the new cylindrical axis system, while the second option is defining a discrete coordinate system based on the geometry. This second one can only be applied to Abaqus/Cae v6.10.
Table 1. Local material axis equivalence between the typical in composite and the system used if a cylindrical system with solid elements is defined in Abaqus.
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The equivalent Young and Shear modulus are found directly changing the axis number. Nevertheless, for calculating the equivalent Poisson modulus the following equations of a transversally isotropic material must be used:
21
E 22
12
E11
31
E33
13
E11
32
E33
23
E 22
(Eq. 1)
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Value
180000 8000 8000 0.3 0.3 0.4 3000 3000 2857.14
Table 2. Example of an equivalent material properties to introduce to Abaqus through engineering constants material definition.
During the post-processing, the change of the axis numeration has to be taken into account when stress and deformation results are obtained. The results axis numeration equivalence is shown in Table 3.
Meaning
Longitudinal Fiber stress Transversal Fiber stress Normal to composite lamina stress In-plane shear stress Out-of-plane shear stress Out-of-plane shear stress
If any subroutine is used for applying a failure criterion or damage model through the elements stress or deformation, it is necessary to modify the subroutine to take into account the change of the material local axis. In the most part of subroutines, it is only necessary to modify the data input part. For example, in the UVARM subroutine LaRC-04 failure criteria (Camanho, PP.; Pinho, ST., 2007), the stress element output passed by Abaqus have to be adapted to the new axis numeration. The original and modified stress input part is shown next:
Then, the results of the subroutine can be analyzed directly, because they are not influenced for the change of the material local axis. 3
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16/05/2011