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Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
Outline
Aeroacoustics Background
Basics Simulation Approaches
Simulation Guide
Computational Aeroacoustics (CAA) Ffowcs-Williams Hawkins Model Fluent Sysnoise Coupling
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
Aeroacoustics: Basics
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
Aeroacoustics: Basics
Acoustic Medium Flow Sound Receiver
Source
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
Aeroacoustics: Basics
Three types of acoustic sources: Monopole Dipole
Flow Flow
Quadrapole
Flow
m = m(t)
Acoustic ~ Vel4 Power
psurface = psurface(t)
Acoustic ~ Vel6 Power
Turbulent Stresses
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
Aeroacoustics: Basics
Outputs Desired from Experimentation/Analysis: Source Strengths
Source Ranking
Frequency Spectrum
At observer
Directivity Propagation
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
SPL (dB)
100 80 60 40 20 0
patm ~ 1E+5 Pa
1.E-03
1.E-04
Pressure (Pascal)
1.E-02
1.E-01
1.E+00
1.E+01
1.E+02
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
Option 4 Acoustics Estimation from Local Turbulence Scales Decreasing Use correlations that relate local source strength to local turbulence scales accuracy Decreasing computational effort
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
Implementation:
mesh edge length =
D. Hendriana, S. Sovani, and M. Schiemann, On Simulating Passenger Car Side Window Buffeting, SAE 2003-01-1316, 2003.
Time step = 1/(max frequency)/10 Run simulation for total real time = (1/(min frequency))*10
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
Acoustic Receiver
Source Region
Navier-Stokes Equation
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
Disadvantages
Cant account for reflection Cant account for backward effect of sound on flow
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
Receiver
Receiver
Duct
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
If Write Source Data Files is selected p, u, v, w, data will be written out to files after every few timesteps
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics FFT Utility: Usage Basics 2 3 4 5 1. Read in plot file containing Simulation data Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 2. Apply pruning to remove Simulation unwanted portions of the Guide data set CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 3. Select Window option and 16 17 18 19 20 x-y axes functions 21 22 23 24 25 4. Plot the FFT (Can Sysnoise 26 optionally write FFT data Examples to file) 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
Acoustics Modeling: Sandeep Sovani AUTO UGM 2003 Confidential
Original Data
Pruned Data
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
3] Create a model for the acoustic domain in Sysnoise 4] Fluent created .index and .asd files can be directly imported into Sysnoise
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide Vorticity CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15Contours 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
1.47 1.32
Cd Strouhal Number
0.187
0.19
Experiment
FLUENT
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
114
Experiment FLUENT
100
SPL (dB)
80
60 40
20 0
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
Inlet
Mirror Mirror
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
Side View
Top View
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
Velocity Inlet
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
Discretization schemes:
Time: 2nd order implicit Momentum: 2nd order upwind Pressure-Velocity Coupling: SIMPLE
Transient Solution:
Timestep size: 60 microsecond Total timesteps: 2100 Run time: 4.75 days Hardware: 2 processors, Intel P4, 2.2 GHz, RedHat Linux
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
Pt. 101
Side View
Top View
Acoustics Modeling: Sandeep Sovani B. Lokhande, S. Sovani, Fluent Inc., J. Xu, ICEM-CFD AUTO UGM 2003 Confidential
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
Reference for Experimental Data: Hold et al. (AIAA-991896) and Seigert et (AIAA-99-1895) Excessive fluctuations seen since data is presented al. from a single
sample
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 110 2 3 4 5 Experimental Point 101 Simulation CFD - CAA Approaches CFD - AA 6 7 8 9 10 11 90 Simulation Guide 70 CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 50 Reference for 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Experimental Data: Examples Hold et al. (AIAA-9930 27 28 29 30 31 1896) and Seigert et 32 33 34 35 36 (AIAA-99-1895) from a single 37 38 39 40 41 Excessive fluctuations seen since data is presented al. 10sample 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 0 500 1000 1500 2000 Frequency (Hz) Summary 47
SPL (dB)
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
Reference for Experimental Data: Hold et al. (AIAA-991896) and Seigert et al. (AIAA-99-1895) Excessive fluctuations seen since data is presented from a single
sample
FluentSysnoise Coupling
At 54 Hz
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
Future Work
Fan Noise
F-W H approach is capable of handling rotating source surfaces Work in progress
allow export of acoustic source data from moving surfaces couple Fluent and Sysnoise for moving/rotating acoustic sources
Outline 1 Aeroacoustics Basics 2 3 4 5 Simulation Approaches 6 7 8 9 10 11 Simulation Guide CAA 12 F-W H 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Sysnoise 26 Examples 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Future Work 46 Summary 47
Summary
Acoustics modeling approaches with Fluent 6.1
Direct CAA (Computational Aeroacoustics) F-W H Model (Ffowcs-Williams Hawkins) Fluent-Sysnoise Coupling
New FFT Tool for acoustics and general transient signals Bottom line: Accuracy of acoustic predictions is directly determined by accuracy of underlying transient CFD solution