SINGULAR AND PLURAL NOUNS

A. Most singular nouns form their plural by adding -s ! ! ! ! ! album! brick! ! example ! glove!! rake! ! ! ! ! ! ! albums bricks examples gloves rakes

B. Singular nouns that end in o, s, x, ch, or sh form their plural by adding -es ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! potato ! tomato ! mango! mosquito ! gas! ! bus! ! rose! ! glass! ! grass !! business ! kiss! ! box! fox ! tax! wax! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! potatoes tomatoes mangoes mosquitoes gases buses roses glasses grasses businesses kisses boxes foxes taxes waxes churches beaches benches watches witches patches inches shes brushes radishes

church! beach! bench! watch!! witch! ! patch!! inch! ! sh! ! brush!! radish!

C. Singular nouns that end in y preceded by a consonant form their plural by

changing y to -ies
! baby ! ! ! babies ! fairy! ! ! fairies ! berry ! ! ! berries ! cherry! ! cherries ! lady ! ! ! ladies ! story! ! ! stories ! puppy ! ! puppies ! pony! ! ! ponies ! daisy! ! ! daisies ! country ! ! countries ! city! ! ! cities ! cry ! ! ! cries ! y ! ! ! ies ! buttery ! ! butteries ! apology ! ! apologies ! balcony! ! balconies ! community ! ! communities ! army! ! ! armies ! enemy ! ! enemies ! D. Singular nouns that end in y preceded by a vowel form their plural by adding -s ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! key ! ! toy ! ! tray ! ! valley!! monkey! guy! ! highway ! holiday ! journey! joy! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! keys toys trays valleys monkeys guys highways holidays journeys joys

E. Some singular nouns that end in f or fe form their plural by changing f or fe to -ves
! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! wolf! life! loaf! leaf! elf! self! knife ! shelf! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! wolves lives loaves leaves elves selves knives shelves

! ! ! !

wife! half! calf! thief!

! ! ! !

! ! ! !

wives halves calves thieves

A. Some singular nouns that end in f, ff, or fe form their plural by adding -s

! !
! ! ! ! ! ! !

belief!! ! chef! ! ! chief! ! ! handkerchief! roof! ! ! scarf! ! ! cuff! ! ! cafe ! ! !

beliefs chefs chiefs handkerchiefs roofs scarfs cuffs cafes

B. Some singular nouns form their plural in different ways

mouse! ! louse!! ! goose! ! tooth! ! ! foot ! ! ! man! ! ! woman! ! child! ! ! cactus ! ! fungus ! ! alumnus! ! die! ! ! ox ! ! ! C. Some nouns

! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !

mice lice geese teeth feet men women children cacti fungi alumni dice oxen

have the same singular and plural forms.

! ! ! ! ! ! ! sheep deer means series swine offspring news

!
! ! ! ! ! !

sheep! deer! ! means ! series! swine!! offspring! news ! !