Module 3

Chapter 5 and 6

explain the causes of lightning and how lightning rods work. calculate electrical power, amperage, and voltage. explain how Maxwell's laws unify electricity and magnetism. perform basic wave calculations, solving for velocity, wavelength, and frequency. explain Doppler shift. place visible light, x-ray, microwave, and ultraviolet waves in the electromagnetic spectrum of light.

Module Objectives

Charge Electricity Static electricity Coulombs Law Electric field Magnets Poles Magnetic field Monopole vs Dipole

Current Battery Ohms Law Voltage Resistance Circuits Electromagnetism AC DC

Important Terms in Chapter 5

 Lightning

is caused by a buildup of static electricity, caused by vigorous wind currents in thunderstorms which rub air molecules together.

What causes lightning?

Wave Wavelength Frequency Hertz Wave velocity Wave amplitude Transverse vs Longitudinal Interference Electromagnetic waves or radiation Doppler effect

Blueshift vs redshift Transmission Refraction, Absorption or Scattering Electromagnetic spectrum Radio wave Microwaves Infrared radiation Visible vs UV light X rays Gamma rays

Important Terms in Chapter 6

What effect does the Doppler shift have on the sound pitch of an ambulance as it approaches and as it moves away from you? As the ambulance approaches, its speed causes the wavelength of sounds to shorten, and thus the corresponding frequency rises, so a higher pitch sound is heard. When the ambulance moves away, the speed causes the wavelengths of the sound to be stretched out or increased, meaning the frequency decreases. Thus a lower pitch sound is heard.

Doppler Shift

Transmission light passes through the matter unaltered. It is possible the light rays may bend slightly, a special case of transmission called refraction. Scatter light bounces off the matter and rebounds in all directions. If the light bounces off the matter in one focused direction, this is a special case of scatter called reflection. Absorption - the light may enter the matter and increase its heat.

What are the 3 possible processes that can occur when light interacts with matter?

Voltage = current x resistance Power = voltage x current Wave velocity = wavelength x frequency

Formulas

 1.

A flashlight with a 6 volt bulb, draws 3 amps from its batteries. What is the resistance of its circuitry?

= IR so V/I = R 6 volts/ 3 amp = 2 ohms

Sample problems

 2.

A 10 volt flashlight bulb uses 1 amp, what is the power of the bulb?

= VI 10 volt x 1 amp = 10 watts

 3.

If an ocean wave has a wavelength of 20 meters and a frequency of 1 wave every 2 seconds (.5 Hz), what is the velocity of the wave?

Velocity

= frequency x wavelength .5 /sec x 20 m = 10 m/s

 For

this module, complete the following problems:

p.

115, #2, 3, 5, 7 p. 140, #5, 6