Problem 1 Discuss the two challenges facing the upstream parts of the oil industry.

Answer o o To improve or enhance oil/gas recovery in an economically sound and safe manner To develop methods of protecting the environment

Problem 2 List the major petroleum regions of the world in the order (decreasing) of crude oil production Answer Eurasia (24786*) Middle East (24571) Americas, excluding U.S (13673) Africa, Australia & other Asia Pacific (9989) U.S (7241) Problem 3 List the major petroleum regions of the world in the order (decreasing) of crude oil consumption Answer Eurasia (41117*) Middle East (5289) U.S (20517) Americas, excluding U.S (8841) Africa, Australia and other Asia Pacific (4993)

* unit of measurement is thousand barrels daily Source: BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2005

Problem 4 Write down the general formulas for the following hydrocarbon series? a) c) Answer a) c) Paraffin series = CnH2n+2 Acetylene series = CnH2n-2 b) Olefin series = CnH2n d) Aromatic series = CnH2n-6 Paraffin series Acetylene series b) d) Olefin series Aromatic series

Problem 5

Define the following a) c) Answer a) isomer : compounds that have identical molecular formulae but differ in the nature or sequence of bonding of their atoms or the arrangement of their atoms in space. A good example of isomers are n-butane and iso-butane isomer saturated hydrocarbons b) d) unsaturated hydrocarbons paraffin base crude oil

Isobutane

b) c) d)

unsaturated hydrocarbons : hydrocarbons in which the carbon atoms are not attached to as many hydrogen atoms as possible (not saturated with hydrogen) e.g. olefins saturated hydrocarbons : hydrocarbons in which the carbon atoms attached to as many hydrogen atoms as possible (saturated with hydrogen) e.g. paraffins paraffin base crude oil : a crude oil containing at least 50% of saturated compounds and very few asphaltic materials

Problem 6 Develop data similar to Figure 1.4 and Figure 1.5 for Year 2004. Hint: Your source of information will be Halliburton, SPE, Baker Hughes, oil and gas journals (50 POINTS) Answer
PERCENT OF WORLD POPULATION PERCENT OF WORLD PRODUCTION MAJOR PRODUCING AREAS TEXAS ALASKA LOUISIANA MEXICO VENEZUELA CANADA RUSSIA CHINA UNITED KINGDOM SAUDI ARABIA IRAN IRAQ LIBYA NIGERIA ANGOLA PERCENT OF WORLD CONSUMPTION PERCENT OF WORLD RESERVES

REALM

UNITED STATES

4.6

25.4

2.5

AMERICAS

9.1

17

10.9

11.1

EURASIA

68.5

30.9

50.9

11.7

MIDDLE EAST AFRICA, AUSTRALIA AND PACIFIC

3.3

30.6

6.5

61.7

14.5

12.5

6.2

12.9

Sources: BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2005; 2005 World Population Data Sheet