Simplified link budget for GSM system

Downlink 20 43.0103 17.42531 -4 0 -4 52.43561 0 102 0 -2 0 100 unit W dBm dBi dB dB dB dBm dBi dBm dB dB dB dB

Transmitter characteristics

Transmitter power TX antenna gain TX cable loss TX Body loss Combiner loss Transmitter EIRP

Receiver characteristics

RX antenna gain RX sensitivity RX Cable loss RX Body loss Diversity gain Total receiver gain System gain

152.4356 dB 0.9 6 7.5 0 7.5

Margins

Coverage probability (cell edge) Shadow fading std deviation Shadow Fading Margin Indoor penetration loss Total margin Allowed propagation loss

dB dB dB dB

144.9356 dB

Shadow Fading Margin (cell edge approach)

Given coverage probability on cell edge (P) Shadow fading standard deviation 1-P Closest 1-P in table Argument (inverse of Q) Shadow fading margin

Antenna Gain

Horizontal 3dB beam width Horizontal gain Number of dipoles Vertical gain (dBd) Vertical gain (dBi) Total antenna gain

Range (Okumura-Hata path loss model)

Carrier frequency BS antenna height MS antenna height Parameter A Parameter B Parameter C MS antenna gain function (large city) Path loss exponent Path loss constant Downlink range Uplink range Cell range

Uplink 2 33.0103 0 0 -2 0 31.0103 17.42531 104 -4 0 3 120.4253

unit W dBm dBi dB dB dB dBm dBi dBm dB dB dB dB

Note: Gain computed below

151.4356 dB 0.9 6 7.5 0 7.5 Note: Usually we use cell coverge probability dB dB dB dB Note: Margin computed below

143.9356 dB

10

ability on cell edge (P) ard deviation

0.9 6 dB 0.1 0.1 1.25 7.5 dB

65 7.493795 6 7.781513 9.931513 17.42531

degrees dB dBd dBi dBi Unit

1-P(=Q) Argument 0.5 0 0.4 0.25 0.3 0.5 0.22 0.75 0.17 1 0.1 1.25 0.07 1.5 0.04 1.75 0.023 2 0.01 2.25

10

-1

10

-2

Q(x)
10
-3

10

-4

10

-5

0.5

1.5

2 x

10
1800 25 1.5 46.3 33.9 44.9 -0.00092 3.574349 137.3351 1.631697 1.529898 1.529898 MHz m m

-4

10

-5

0.5

1.5

2 x

dB km km km

1.5

2 x

2.5

3.5

1.5

2 x

2.5

3.5

Why link budget analysis in GSM

Link budget analysis provides:

When we talk about GSM Rf planning then first thing into mind is Link Budget,here i write about why link Budget analysis in GS

Coverage design thresholds EIRP needed to balance the path Maximum allowable path loss It is important that the uplink and downlink paths be balanced, otherwise not enough signal will survive the transmission proce Path imbalance results from the facts that the gains and losses in the uplink and downlink paths are not the same. The calculations have to be done separately on the uplink and the downlink. The RF Path

INPUTS Base station and Mobile receiver Sensitivity Parameters Minimum acceptable Signal to Noise ratio Environmental / Thermal Noise Receiver Noise figure Antenna gain at the base station and mobile station. Hardware Losses (Cable , Connectors, Combiners, Duplexers etc) Target Coverage reliability. Fade margins. OUTPUTS Base station ERP Maximum allowable path loss Cell size estimates Cell count estimates

nk Budget analysis in GSM

ve the transmission process to achieve the required signal to noise ratio (SNR) or the bit-error-rate (BER). not the same.

http://www.scribd.com/doc/97169532/GSM-Layer-3-Messages