SXEX1102 SXEX1102 Statistics Tutorial 10 1.

Employees of a large corporation are concerned about the declining quality of medical services provided by their group health insurance. A random sample of 100 office visits by employees of this corporation to primary care physicians during 2004 found that the doctors spent an average of 19 minutes with each patient. This year, a random sample of 108 such visits showed that doctors spent an average of 15.5 minutes with each patient. Assume that the standard deviations for the two populations are 2.7 and 2.1 minutes, respectively. (a) Construct a 95% confidence interval for the difference between the two population means for these two years. (b) Using the 2.5% significance, can we conclude that the mean time spent by doctors with each patient is lower for this year than that for 2004? (c) What would the decision for (b) be if the probability of making a Type I error were zero? Explain.
ABC manufactures dairy products. ABC claims that its eightounce lowfat yogurt cups contain, on average, fewer calories than the eightounce lowfat yogurt cups produced by a competitor. A consumer agency wanted to check this claim. A random sample of 27 such yogurt cups produced by this company contained an average of 141 calories per cup. A sample of 25 such yogurt cups by its competitor showed that they contained an average of 144 calories per cup. Assume that the two populations are normally distributed with population standard deviations of 5.5 calories and 6.4 calories, respectively. (a) Make a 98% confidence interval for the difference between the mean number of calories in eightounce lowfat yogurt cups produced by the two companies. (b) Test at the 1% significance level whether ABC s claim is true. (c) Calculate the p value for the test of (b). Based on this p value , would the null hypothesis be rejected if = 0.005 ? What if = 0.025 ?

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A consumer agency wanted to estimate the difference in the mean amounts of caffeine in two brands of coffee. The agency took a sample of 15 jars of Brand I coffee that showed the mean amount of caffeine in these jars to be 80 mg per jar with a standard deviation of 5 mg . Another sample of 12 jars of Brand II coffee gave a mean amount of 77 mg per jar with a standard deviation of 6 mg . Assume that the amounts of caffeine in these jars of two brands of coffee are normally distributed and that the standard deviations of the two populations are equal. (a) Construct a 95% confidence interval for the difference between the mean amounts of caffeine in these jars of two brands of coffee. (b) Using the 5% significance level, can you conclude that the mean amounts of caffeine in these jars of two brands of coffee are different?

Tutorial 10 - 1

SXEX1102 4. An insurance company wants to know if the averages speed at which men drive cars is greater than that of women drivers. The company took a random sample of 27 cars driven by men on a highway and found to the mean speed to be 102 kmh 1 with a standard deviation of 2.2 kmh 1 . Another sample of 18 cars driven by women on the same highway gave a mean of 98 kmh 1 with a standard deviation of 2.5 kmh 1 . Assume that the speeds at which all men and all women drive cars on this highway are both normally distributed with unequal population standard deviations. (a) Construct a 98% confidence interval for the difference between the mean speeds of cars driven by all men and women on this highway. (b) Test at the 1% significance level whether the mean speed of cars driven by all men drivers on this highway is higher than that of cars driven by all women drivers. The manufacturer of a gasoline additive claims that the use of this additive increases gasoline mileage. A random sample of six cars was selected and these cars were driven for one week without the gasoline additive and then for one week with the gasoline additive. The following table gives the miles per gallon for these cars without and with the gasoline additive. Without 24.6 28.3 18.9 23.7 15.4 29.5 With 26.3 31.7 18.2 25.3 18.3 30.9 (a) Construct a 99% confidence interval for the mean of d of the population paired differences, where a paired difference is equal to the miles per gallon without the gasoline additive minus the miles per gallon with the gasoline additive. (b) Using the 2.5% significance level, can you conclude that the use of the gasoline additive increases the gasoline mileage? Assume that the population of paired difference is (approximately) normally distributed. A nationwide survey of 1001 people found that among adults 18 to 29, 35% of women and 30% of men had tattoos. Suppose that these percentages are based on random samples of 501 women and 500 men. Let p1 and p 2 be the proportions of all women and men, respectively, who had tattoos. (a) Construct a 95% confidence interval for the different between the proportions of all women and all men aged 18 to 29 who have tattoos. (b) Using the 2.5% significance level, can you conclude that among adults aged 18 to 29, the proportion of all women who have tattoos exceeds the proportion of all men who have tattoos?

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SXEX1102 7. Manufacturers of two competing automobiles models, Gofer and Diplomat, each claim to have lowest mean fuel consumption. Let 1 and 2 be the mean fuel consumption in miles per gallon ( mpg ) for Gofer and Diplomat, respectively. The two manufacturers have agreed to test in which several cars of each model will be driven on a 100mile test run, then the fuel consumption, in mpg , will be calculated for each test run. The average of the mpg for all 100mile test runs for each model gives the corresponding mean. Assume that for each model the gas mileages for the test runs are normally distributed with population standard deviation, = 2mpg . Note that each car is driven for one and only one 100mile test run. (a) How many cars (i.e. sample size) for each model are required to estimate 1 2 with a 90% confidence interval and with an error of 1.5 mpg ? Use the same number of cars (i.e. sample size) for each model. (b) If 1 is actually 33 mpg and 2 is actually 30 mpg , what is the probability that five cars for each model would yield x1 x 2 ? An auto manufacturing company wants to estimate the variance of fuel consumption in miles per gallon ( mpg ) for its cars. Assume that the fuel consumptions of all its cars are approximately normally distributed. A random sample of 22 cars showed that the variance of the fuel consumptions is 0.62. (a) Construct the 95% confidence intervals for the population variance and standard deviation of the fuel consumptions of all its cars. (b) Test at the 1% significance level whether the sample results indicates that the population variance is different from 0.3.

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