Chapter 13

Completing an ISDN BRI Call

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13-1

Objectives
Upon completion of this chapter, you will be able to perform the following tasks:
Describe the components that make up ISDN connectivity Configure ISDN BRI and legacy dial-ondemand routing (DDR) Verify DDR operation

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What is ISDN?
Small office

Digital PBX

Provider network

Telecommuter

Home office
Central site

Voice, data, video, and special services

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ISDN Standards
Issue Telephone Network and ISDN ISDN Concepts, Aspects, and Interfaces Switching and Signaling Protocol Key Examples
E.163International Telephone Numbering Plan E.164International ISDN Addressing I.100 SeriesConcepts, Structures, Terminology I.400User-Network Interfaces (UNIs) Q.921LAPD (Link Access Procedure on the D channel) Q.931ISDN Network Layer between Terminal and Switch

E-Series

I-Series

Q-Series

Standards from the ITU (formerly CCITT)

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ISDN Access Options

Channel Capacity Mostly Used for Circuit-switched data (HDLC, PPP)

B D

64 kbps

16/64 kbps Signaling information (LAPD)

NT1

BRI
D 2B

Service provider network

PRI

CSU/DSU

D 23 or 30B

BRI and PRI are used globally for ISDN

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BRI Call Processing

1 ISDN Switch

ISDN service provider 4

3 ISDN Switch

SS7

B channel(s) D channel/SS7 signaling

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ISDN Functions and Reference Points

TE1
Local loop

NT2 T NT1

ISDN Terminal

Service provider network

TE2
Existing Terminal

TA
Terminal Adapter

Functions are devices or hardware Reference points are demarcations or interfaces

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Cisco ISDN BRI Interfaces

Native ISDN interfaceint bri 0 bri 0
Service provider network

TE1
S/T

NT1

bri 0

TE1 U NT1

TE2

S0

TA

S/T

NT1

Nonnative ISDN interfaceint serial 0

(EIA/TIA-232, V.35, X.21)

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ISDN Switch Types

S S S S S S S S S S

CO

CO

Many providers and switch types

Services vary by regions and countries

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Configuring ISDN BRI

Step 1: Specify the ISDN switch type
Router(config)#isdn switch-type switch-type Router(config-if)#isdn switch-type switch-type

Specifies the type of ISDN switch with which the router communicates Other configuration requirements vary for specific providers

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Configuring ISDN BRI (cont.)

Step 2: (Optional) Setting SPIDs
Router(config-if)#isdn spid1 spid-number [ ldn ]

Sets a B channel SPID required by many service providers

Router(config-if)#isdn spid2 spid-number [ ldn ]

Sets a SPID for the second B channel

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Written Exercise

BRI 0

S0

Customer Premises

Local Loop

Service Provider

Label the functional elements and reference points

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Written Exercise: Answers

S/T BRI 0

NT1

R S0

TA

S/T

NT1

Customer Premises

Local Loop

Service Provider

Label the functional elements and reference points

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What Is Dial-on-Demand Routing?

Corporate PSTN Chicago I need to send data to Dallas. ISDN Dallas

Connect when needed Disconnect when finished

ISDN or PSTN
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When to Use DDR

Telecommuter Headquarters Vendor

Periodic connections Small amounts of data

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Generic DDR Operation

Interesting packet arrives

DCE

1. Route to destination is determined

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Generic DDR Operation

Interesting packet arrives

DCE

1. Route to destination is determined 2. Interesting packets dictate DDR call

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Generic DDR Operation

Interesting packet arrives

Dial connection
DCE ISDN or Basic Service

1. Route to destination is determined 2. Interesting packets dictate DDR call 3. Dialer information is looked up

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Generic DDR Operation

Interesting packet arrives

Dial connection
DCE ISDN or Basic Service

1. Route to destination is determined 2. Interesting packets dictate DDR call 3. Dialer information is looked up 4. Traffic is transmitted 5. Call is terminated
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Configuring Legacy DDR

Interesting packet arrives

DCE

Define static routesWhat route do I use?

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Configuring Legacy DDR

Interesting packet arrives

DCE

1 2

Define static routesWhat route do I use? Specify interesting trafficWhat traffic enables the link?

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Configuring DDR
Interesting packet arrives

Dial connection
DCE ISDN or Basic Service

1 2 3

Define static routesWhat route do I use? Specify interesting trafficWhat traffic enables the link? Configure the dialer informationWhat number do I call?
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Task 1: Defining Static Routes (Route to Destination)

Subnet 10.40.0.0
10.1.0.1 10.1.0.2 Subnets 10.10.0.0 10.20.0.0

Home

bri 0 5551000

ISDN

bri 0 5552000

Central

ip route 10.40.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.1.0.1 Specify address of next hop router

ip route 10.10.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.1.0.2 ip route 10.20.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.1.0.2

Network prefix and prefix mask

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Task 2: Specifying Interesting Traffic (What Enables the Connection?)

Without Access Lists
dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit

Any IP traffic will initiate the link

With Access Lists (for better control)
dialer-list 1 protocol ip list 101
access-list 101 deny tcp any any eq ftp access-list 101 deny tcp any any eq telnet access-list 101 permit ip any any

Deny FTP Deny Telnet

Any IP traffic, except FTP and Telnet, will initiate the link

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Task 3: Configuring the Dialer Information

hostname Home ! isdn switch-type basic-5ess ! username central password cisco interface BRI0 ip address 10.1.0.1 255.255.255.0 encapsulation ppp dialer idle-timeout 180 dialer map ip 10.1.0.2 name Central 5552000 dialer-group 1 no fair-queue ppp authentication chap ! router rip network 10.0.0.0 ! no ip classless ip route 10.10.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.1.0.2 ip route 10.20.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.1.0.2 ! dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit
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Applies rules defined by dialerlist to individual interfaces

Both values must match

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Task 3: Configuring the Dialer Information (cont.)

How do I get to subnetwork 10.10.0.0?
10.1.0.1 10.1.0.2

Home

bri 0 5551000

ISDN

bri 0 5552000

Central

Subnets 10.10.0.0 10.20.0.0

interface BRI0 ip address 10.1.0.1 255.255.255.0 encapsulation ppp dialer idle-timeout 180 dialer map ip 10.1.0.2 name Central 5552000 dialer-group 1 no fair-queue ppp authentication chap

Number to dial

Remote host name Used for PPP CHAP

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Legacy DDR Configuration Tasks Summarized

hostname Home ! isdn switch-type basic-5ess !
username central password cisco

1 2
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interface BRI0 ip address 10.1.0.1 255.255.255.0 encapsulation ppp dialer idle-timeout 180 dialer map ip 10.1.0.2 name Central 5552000 dialer-group 1 no fair-queue ppp authentication chap ! router rip network 10.0.0.0 ! no ip classless ip route 10.10.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.1.0.2 ip route 10.20.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.1.0.2 dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit !
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Optional Legacy DDR Commands

Router(config-if)#dialer load-threshold load [ outbound | inbound | either ]

Establishes the amount of traffic on link before a second link is enabled

Router(config-if)#dialer idle-timeout seconds

Establishes the idle time before disconnect

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Legacy DDR Using ACLs Configuration Example

access-list 101 permit tcp any any eq smtp access-list 101 permit tcp any any eq telnet dialer-list 1 list 101 ! ip route 192.168.12.0 255.255.255.0 10.108.126.2 ip route 192.168.14.0 255.255.255.0 10.108.126.2 ! interface bri 0 ip address 10.108.126.1 255.255.255.0 dialer-group 1 dialer map ip 10.108.126.2 name B 5551234 ! dialer idle-timeout 300

Access list defining interesting packets on Cisco A

Static routes to reach destination

Interface configuration for DDR

Time to wait before dropping call
Subnets 192.168.12.0 192.168.14.0

10.108.126.1

10.108.126.2

ISDN
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Verifying Legacy DDR and ISDN Operation

Router#ping or telnet

Triggers a link (assuming it is part of interesting traffic) Displays current status of link, including amount of time link is connected

Router#show dialer

Router#show isdn active

When using ISDN, displays call status while call is in progress

Displays the status of an ISDN connection

Router#show isdn status

Router#show ip route

Displays all routes, including static routes

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Verifying Legacy DDR and ISDN Operation (cont.)

Router#debug isdn q921

Shows ISDN layer 2 messages Shows ISDN call setup and teardown activity Shows call setup and teardown activity Clears currently established connections from the interface

Router#debug isdn q931

Router#debug dialer

Router(config-if)#shutdown

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Visual Objective
wg_pc_a 10.2.2.12 e0/1 e0/2 e0 10.2.2.3 wg_sw_a 10.2.2.11 wg_ro_a bri0 10.130.0.2/24

PPP with CHAP wg_pc_l 10.13.13.12 wg_ro_l e0/1 e0/2 e0 10.13.13.3 wg_sw_l 10.13.13.11 ... s3/0 (pri) fa0/24 core_ server 10.1.1.1 fa0/23 fa0/0 core_ro 10.1.1.3 www.cisco.com PPP with CHAP bri0 10.185.0.2/24

ISDN

pod A B C D E F G H I J K L

ros bri0 10.130.0.2 10.135.0.2 10.140.0.2 10.145.0.2 10.150.0.2 10.155.0.2 10.160.0.2 10.165.0.2 10.170.0.2 10.175.0.2 10.180.0.2 10.185.0.2

10.130.1/24 10.185.0.1/24

core_sw_a 10.1.1.2

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Summary
After completing this chapter, you should be able to perform the following tasks:
Identify the components in an ISDN network Configure ISDN BRI and legacy dial-ondemand routing (DDR) Verify DDR operation using show and debug commands

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Review Questions
1. Differentiate between a native and a nonnative ISDN BRI interface.
2. How do you configure a Cisco router to interface to an ISDN switch? Why do you need to be specific about the switch type? 3. List and describe the three tasks associated with configuring DDR. 4. Why might you choose to use an access list to define interesting traffic for DDR?
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