RYB color model

RYB color model

RYB (an abbreviation of red-yellow-blue) is a historical set of colors used in subtractive color mixing, and is one commonly used set of primary colors. It is primarily used in art and design education, particularly painting. It predates much of modern scientific color theory, which has demonstrated that magenta, yellow, and cyan is the best set of three colorants to combine, for the widest range of high-chroma colors.[1] Red can be produced by mixing magenta and yellow, blue can be produced by mixing cyan and magenta, and green can be produced by mixing yellow and cyan. In the RYB model, red takes the place of magenta, and blue takes the place of cyan,

Mixture of RYB primary colors

However, reproducing the entire range of human color vision with three primaries either in an additive or subtractive fashion is generally not possible; see gamut for more information.

Color wheel
RYB (redyellowblue) make up the primary color triad in a standard artist's color wheel. The secondary colors purpleorangegreen (sometimes called violetorangegreen) make up another triad. Triads are formed by 3 equidistant colors on a particular color wheel. Other common color wheels represent the light model (RGB) and the print model (CMYK).

History

RYB color wheel

RYB color star

RYB color model

In his experiments with light, Isaac Newton recognized that colors could be created by mixing color primaries. In his Opticks, Newton published a color wheel to show the geometric relationship between these primaries. This chart was later confused and understood to apply to pigments as well,[] though Newton was also unaware of the differences between additive and subtractive color mixing.[] The RYB model was used for printing, by Jacob Christoph Le Blon, as early as 1725. In the 18th century, the RYB primary colors became the foundation of theories of color vision, as the fundamental sensory qualities An RYB color chart from George Field's 1841 Chromatography; or, A treatise on that are blended in the perception of all colours and pigments: and of their powers in painting showing a red close to physical colors and equally in the physical magenta and a blue close to cyan, as is typical in printing. mixture of pigments or dyes. These theories were enhanced by 18th-century investigations of a variety of purely psychological color effects, in particular the contrast between "complementary" or opposing hues that are produced by color afterimages and in the contrasting shadows in colored light. These ideas and many personal color observations were summarized in two founding documents in color theory: the Theory of Colors (1810) by the German poet and government minister Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, and The Law of Simultaneous Color Contrast (1839) by the French industrial chemist Michel-Eugne Chevreul. Painters have long used more than three RYB primary colors in their palettes and at one point considered red, yellow, blue, and green to be the four primaries.[2] Red, yellow, blue, and green are still widely considered the four psychological primary colors,[3] though red, yellow, and blue are sometimes listed as the three psychological primaries,[4] with black and white occasionally added as a fourth and fifth.[5] The cyan, magenta, and yellow primary colors associated with CMYK printing are sometimes known as "process blue", "process red",[citation needed] and "process yellow".

Modern understanding
Starting from Goethe, it was increasingly understood that mixing of colored light in the eye is a process different from mixing of dyes. Subsequently, German and English scientists established in the late 19th century that color perception is best described in terms of a different set of primary colors red, green and blue (RGB) modeled through the additive, rather than subtractive, mixture of three monochromatic lights, also known as spectral colors. Although traditionally a broad color term, "red" started to refer to its meaning in this theory, namely to the low frequency (or long wavelength) end of the visible spectrum. It is not necessarily the same hue which painters or chemists (such as George Field) understood as "red", because their experience was centered on pigments, not beams of light. Similarly, modern standard blue is only one of different hues traditionally described as "blue". Hence, some care is required to understand which exactly colors old authors used in their models.

RYB color model

References
[2] For instance Leonardo da Vinci wrote of these four simple colors in his notebook circa 1500. See Rolf Kuenhi. Development of the Idea of Simple Colors in the 16th and Early 17th Centuries. Color Research and Application. Volume 32, Number 2, April 2007.

Article Sources and Contributors

Article Sources and Contributors

RYB color model Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=557746971 Contributors: 123957a, AED, Addesso, Aesopos, Andros 1337, Andy Marchbanks, AnonMoos, Arteitle, Bookandcoffee, CesarB, Cflm001, Darth Panda, Dave Runger, Dicklyon, Dingbats, Elishabet, Fik, Filelakeshoe, George Adam Horvth, Georgia guy, Graphite Elbow, Hotshot977, Incnis Mrsi, InternetMeme, Jacobolus, Jeromesyroyal, Jpgordon, Keegan, Keraunos, Kjkolb, Kubigula, Kwamikagami, Mark Tranchant, Monster boy1, MrTroy, Onhm, Quiddity, Ramaksoud2000, Ramiki, Renesis, Ru dagon, Sakurambo, Seaphoto, SharkD, Tajik24, The Anome, Thrapper, VMS Mosaic, Velps, Versus22, Vjasper, Weyes, YUL89YYZ, Yrithinnd, Zzedar, 88 anonymous edits

Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors

Image:Color mixture.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Color_mixture.svg License: Public Domain Contributors: cflm (talk) Image:BYR color wheel.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:BYR_color_wheel.svg License: GNU Free Documentation License Contributors: Original uploader was Sakurambo at en.wikipedia Image:Color_star-en.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Color_star-en.svg License: Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 3.0 Contributors: Al2 File:Chromatography 1841 Field.png Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Chromatography_1841_Field.png License: Public Domain Contributors: George Field

License
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