Q.1. Attempt any THREE parts. Part (b) is compulsory: Q.1.

(a) Distinguish between the direct and indirect methods measurement. Give examples in support of your answer. Q.1. (b) Indicate whether the following statements are true or false: Q.1. (c) A flow-meter working on thermal principal has guaranteed accuracy of 5% of full scale reading of 5x10-6 m3/sec. The flow measured by this meter is 2.5x10-6 m3/sec. Calculate the limiting error in %: Q.1. (d) What do you know about microprocessor based data acquisition system? How will you measure voltage? Q.2. Attempt any TWO of the following: Q.2. (a) Explain low pressure measurement methods. Also explain McLeod gauge in detail. Q.2. (b) What do you know about Hydraulic and pneumatic load cells? Explain their working. Q.2. (c) What is an Accelerometer? Explain the working and advantages of L.V.D.T. accelerometer. Q.3. Attempt any TWO of the following: Q.3. (a) What do you know about limits and fits? Classify the fits and explain in detail. Q.3. (b) Name the various angular measuring devices. Explain one method in detail with example. Q.3. (c) Classify the various types of limit gauges. Explain ring and adjustable type gap gauge. Q.4. Attempt any TWO of the following: Q.4. (a) Define flatness and describe any one method of testing flatness of a surface. State its advantages and limitations. Q.4. (b) Explain the principle of Interferometry and also explain laser interferometer. Q.4. (c) Name the various elements of surface texture. How many types of stylus instruments are currently used in surface finish measurement? Explain working of profilometer. of

Q.1. Attempt any THREE of the following: Q.1. (a) What are primary, secondary and tertiary measurements? Explain with examples. Q.1. (b) What is the function of a sensing element, signal conditioner and indicating element of a measuring instrument? Give examples. Q.1. (c) i) ii) iii) iv) Distinguish betweenSelf-operated and power-operated instruments Digital and Analog signals Deflection and Null point instruments Static and Dynamic characteristics

Q.1. (d) A thermistor has resistance of 3980 ohms at ice point (0 0C) and 7948 ohms at 500C. The temperature resistance relationship is given by RT = a R0 exp (b/T). Calculate the constants a and b. Q.1. (e) The accuracy of a pressure gauge of range 1000 kN/m2 is stated to be 1% of full-scale deflection. Workout the range of readings if the true pressure is 100 kN/m2. How would these results get modified if the error is specified as 1% of true value? Q.2. Attempt any TWO of the following: Q.2. (a) With a neat sketch, describe a Bourdon Gauge. Q.2. (b) What is Wheatstones bridge? How can it be used for measurement of strain? What is temperature compensation in strain measurement? Q.2. (c) Explain the difference between vibrometers and accelerometers. Explain also the working of elementary accelerometer like cantilever beams. Describe how vibrations are measured by it. Q.3. Attempt any TWO of the following: Q.3. (a) What are sine-bars and how are they used for angular measurements? Q.3. (b) What do you understand by limit gauging? What is the Taylors principle of gauge design? Q.3. (c) Explain, briefly, the difference manufacture and selective assembly. between interchangeable

Q.4. Attempt any two of the following: Q.4. (a) Define roundness, and give different methods of testing roundness of a surface. Q.4. (b) With a neat sketch, describe a Laser Interferometer. How does it work? Q.4. (c) Describe the working of an Autocollimator. What measurements are done with that? Q.1. Answer any FOUR of the following: Q.1. (a) Enumerate desirable static performance characteristics of measuring instruments. Explain the terms, DEAD ZONE and HYSTERESIS. Q.1. (b) The temperature of a furnace is increased at the rate of 2400C per hour. The measuring instrument used should not show an error of more than 80C. What maximum time constant is permissible, if the instrument has a first order type response? Q.1. (c) Explain the principle of operation of a L.V.D.T. Q.1. (d) Explain how a compound gear-train can be used to achieve amplification of a mechanical signal. Q.1. (e) The resistance R of a circuit is found by measurement current and the power fed into the circuit. Find the limiting error in measurement of R, if the limiting errors in the measurement of power and current are 1.5% and 1.0% respectively. Q.1. (f) Describe the construction and operation of a D ARSONVAL galvanometer.

Q.2. Attempt any FOUR of the following: Q.2. (a) Describe the principle and operation of a stroboscopic tachometer. Q.2. (b) Sketch the basic functional from of a seismic instrument. How is the same instrument used for measurement of displacement as well as acceleration? Q.2. (c) What is a ring balance and how is it used for measurement of pressure?

Q.2. (d) A strain gauge having an electrical resistance of 120 ohms and a gauge factor of 2.1 is used to test a steel specimen subjected to an axial tensile load. Calculate the induced strain if the increase in gauge resistance is shown to be 0.134 ohms. Q.2. (e) Describe, with the help of a sketch, a hydraulic load cell for force measurement. Q.2. (f) What does IPTS stand for? Describe the functioning of a disappearing filament type optical pyrometer.

Q.3. Attempt any TWO of the following: Q.3. (a) Why are comparators used in metrology? Describe, with the help of a sketch, the essential features of a SIGMA comparator. Q.3. (b) What are the devices commonly used for precision measurement of angles? Explain how a precision spirit level can be used for this purpose. Q.3. (c) Write short notes on: i) ii) iii) iv) Slip gauges Combination angle gauges Unilateral and bilateral system of tolerances The meaning of 50 H7 in the context of limit and fits.

Q.4. Attempt any TWO of the following: Q.4. (a) What are the important parameters which should be checked while inspecting a precision screw bread? Describe, briefly, the threewire method for ascertaining the effective diameter of a screw thread. Q.4. (b) Explain the meaning of the following terms with reference to surface finish and its measurement: i) ii) iii) iv) v) vi) Roughness Waviness LAY Sampling Length Ra Value Ten point height of irregularities (Rz)

Q.4. (c) What do you understand by the term, flatness? What methods are used for checking flatness? Q.1. Attempt any THREE parts of the following: Q.1. (a) What are the basic blocks of a generalized instruments system? Draw the various blocks and explain their function. Q.1. (b) i) ii) iii) iv) Distinguish between: Threshold and Resolution Precision and Accuracy Digital and Analog Direct and Indirect Method of Measurement

Q.1. (c) Define the word Transducer. What do you understand by Active and Passive Transducer? Q.1. (d) A platinum thermometer has a resistance of 100 at 250C. Q.1. (e) Define fits. Describe the various types of fits in brief. Q.2. Attempt any TWO parts of the following: Q.2. (a) Write short notes on the following: i) Microprocessor based Data Acquisition System. ii) Typical Communication System. Q.2. (b) Describe the function of a stroboscope. Explain how speed of rotating shaft can be measured using a single pattern or multipattern disc. Q.2. (c) Draw diagrams to show how LVDTs can be used with Bellows elements and Bourdon tubes for measurements of pressure. Give their advantages and disadvantages. Q.3. Attempt any TWO of parts of the following: Q.3. (a) i) What is a strain gauge? What are the types of strain gauge? Explain Bonded wire strain with neat sketches. ii) A resistance wire strain with a gauge factor of 2 is bonded to a steel structural member subjected to a stress of 100 MN/m2 the modules of electricity of steel is 200 GN/m2. Q.3. (b) i) Describe the construction of a seismic type vibration transducer with a neat sketch.

ii) Describe the construction and working of thermocouple. Q.3. (c) What are sine-bars and how are they used for angular measurement? Q.4. Attempt any TWO parts of the following: Q.4. (a) Define the term primary texture and secondary texture. State and explain the methods of measuring primary texture of a surface. Q.4. (b) Why monochromatic light is used for interferometry work? Sketch and describe any one of the following interferometer. i) ii) Q.4. (c) i) ii) iii) Mickelson Interferometer Laser Interferometer Write short notes on the following: Standardization and Interchangeability Allowances and Tolerances Pitch gauge filler gauge, slip gauge.