PART 2

Relation between the lengths of arcs PQR, PAB and BCR

a) Diagram 1 shows a semicircle PQR of diameter 10cm.Semicircles PAB and BCR of

diameter d1 and d2 respectively are inscribed in the semicircle PQR such that the sum of
d1 and d2 is equal to 10 cm. Complete Table 1 by using various values of d1 and the
corresponding values of d2. Hence determine the relation between the lengths of arcs
PQR, PAB and BCR.

DIAGRAM 1

d1(cm) d2(cm) L.O.A PQR in L.O.A PAB in L.O.A BCR in

terms of п(cm) terms of п(cm) terms of п(cm)
1.0 9.0 5п 0.5п 4.5п
1.2 8.8 5п 0.6п 4.4п
1.4 8.6 5п 0.7п 4.3п
1.6 8.4 5п 0.8п 4.2п
1.8 8.2 5п 0.9п 4.1п
2.0 8.0 5п 1.0п 4.0п
 2.2 7.8 5п 1.1п 3.9п
2.4 7.6 5п 1.2п 3.8п
2.6 7.4 5п 1.3п 3.7п
2.8 7.2 5п 1.4п 3.6п

TABLE 1

b) Diagram 2 shows a semicircle PQR of diameter 10cm.Semicircle PAB,BCD and DER

of diameter d1,d2 and d3 respectively are inscribed in the semicircle PQR such that the
sum of d1,d2 and d3 is equal to 10cm.

DIAGRAM
2

i) Relation between the lengths of arcs PQR, PAB, BCD and DER:
 d1(cm) d2(cm) d3(cm) L.O.A L.O.A L.O.A L.O.A
PQR in PAB in BCD in DER in
terms of terms of terms of terms of
п(cm) п(cm) п(cm) п(cm)
2.0 3.0 5.0 5п 1п 3/2п 5/2п
1.9 3.2 4.9 5п 19/20п 8/5п 49/20п
1.8 3.4 4.8 5п 9/10п 17/10п 12/5п
1.7 3.6 4.7 5п 17/20п 9/5п 47/20п
1.6 3.8 4.6 5п 4/5п 19/10п 23/10п
1.5 4.0 4.5 5п 3/4п 2п 9/4п
1.4 4.2 4.4 5п 7/10п 21/10п 11/5п
1.3 4.4 4.3 5п 13/20п 11/5п 43/20п
1.2 4.6 4.2 5п 3/5п 23/10п 21/10п
1.1 4.8 4.1 5п 11/20п 12/5п 41/20п

ii) L.O.A 1 + L.O.A 2 = L.O.A 3

Generalizations: The total L.O.A of the inner semicircles inscribed

inside the outer semicircles is equal to the L.O.A of the outer
semicircles.

c) Different values of diameters of the outer semicircle:

d1(cm) d2(cm) L.O.A PQR in L.O.A PAB in L.O.A BCR in
terms of terms of terms of
п(cm) п(cm) п(cm)
2.0 12.0 7п 1п 6п
2.2 11.8 7п 11/10п 59/10п
2.4 11.6 7п 6/5п 29/5п
2.6 11.4 7п 13/10п 57/10п
2.8 11.2 7п 7/5п 28/5п
3.0 11.0 7п 3/2п 11/2п
3.2 10.8 7п 8/5п 27/5п
3.4 10.6 7п 17/10п 53/10п
3.6 10.4 7п 9/5п 26/5п
 3.8 10.2 7п 19/10п 51/10п

PART 3
The Mathematics Society is given a task to design a garden to beautify the school by
using the design as shown in diagram 3.The shaded region will be planted with flowers
and the two inner semicircles are fish ponds.
a ) Area of garden = Πr²
2

=Π(5)²
2
=25Π
2
y = 25Π – 1 -1
2 x²Π 2(10-x)²Π
2 2
y = 25Π – Π(x)² - Π(10 – x)²
2 2 2
2 2
= 25Π – Π (x ² ) – Π (100Π - 20Πx - x²
2 4 4
2 2

= 25Π- Π x² - 100Π - 20Πx - x²

2 8 8

y = 23Π - Πx² - 100Π + 20Πx - x²

2 8 8 8 8

y = (100-x²- 100 + 20Π- x² )

8

y = (-2x² + 20x )
8

Π = ( -x² + 5x )
4 2

y = -Π x² + 5Πx
4 2
b ) 16.5 = Π (-2x² + 20x )
8
16.5 = Π( -2x² +20x )
8

16.5 = -2x² + 20x

Π 8

16.5 = -2x² + 20x

(22 ) 8
7

115.5 = -2x² + 20x

22 8

5.25 = -2x² + 20x

8
42 = -2x²-20x

21 = -x²- 10x

x² + 10x + 21 = 0

( x-7) (x-3 )

x-7 = 0 x-3 = 0

x= 7 , x= 3
c)
X 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Y 7.068 6.283 5.497 4.712 3.926 2.356 1.570
Y 7.068 3.141 1.832 1.178 0.785 0.523 0.336
X

y = 5Πx - Πx²
2 4

Y = 5Π – Πx
X 2 4

Y = -Π x + 5 Π
X 4 2

Y = Mx + C

Y=Y
X

m=-∏
4

X=x

C = 5п
2
 GRAPH OF Y AGAINST X
8

y
4

0
1 2 3 4 5 6

The value of y when x is 4.5 = 4

d ) y = 5пx - пx²
2 4

Method 1 : Diffrentiation

dy = 5п – п x² = 0
dx 2 2

5п = пx
2 2

X=5

Therefore, max area for y when x = 5

Y maximum = 5п(5) – п(5)²

2 2

=19.634m²

Method 2 : Completing the square

y = -пx² - 5пx , ÷п
4 2 4

= -п( x² - 10x )
4

= -п(x² + (-10 )² - (-10 )²

4 2 2

= -п( x – 5 ²) - 5²п
4 4

-п( x – 5 )² - 25п
4 4

Therefore,max area for y whwn x = 5

Y maximium = 25п
4
=19.634m