1.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

These reports aim to discuss about the changes in technology nowadays influence the percentage usage of mobile phone in society lifestyle. Mobile phones were originally intended for staying in touch with friends and family while away from a traditional landline. The idea behind it was that it would give a person freedom of range, allowing them basically to go anywhere and still stay connected. The first mobile phones were big and bulky and their only function was placing call. Yet throughout the years they have evolved into so much more. Modern day mobile phones are capable of going beyond just placing a phone call. They now possess features including: accessing the internet, sending and receiving photos, downloading music and other files, and playing games. Other features include electronic calendars, music players and cameras. The phones equipped with all these functionalities are referred to as smart phones. Mobile phone nowadays not being used as their actual function but most of people nowadays makes it as a trend. The trends lead to increase the demand wide range of mobile phones in the global markets especially smart phone. Due to the recent scenario, most of people do not aware about the disadvantages of using mobile phones toward their health especially those who are not health conscious person. Other than health problem, the unlimited usage of mobile phone may affect human social life. Most of the time, everybody will filled their day with their mobile phone social application for example nowadays the most wide social network Facebook. The widely usage of mobile phone not only affecting human social life and their health but also affecting the way their work at their work place respectively.

2.0

INTRODUCTION

The changes trend in information and communication technologies influencing human lifestyle and also bring huge changes in communication channel in business. Wireless mobile devices increase the scope for work and family flexibility by enabling the micro-coordination of time, tasks, and schedules. This is particularly significant as people are now working at times and places outside of the traditional workday and place. It is widely believed that technologies like the mobile phone and e-mail are blurring boundaries between personal life and the workplace. While for some commentators these developments represent a threat to the quality of modern life, for others they represent new opportunities for integrating the spheres of work and family. Other than that, mobile phone also was invented for business and professional purposes. In terms of affordability early invention of mobile phone are unaffordable due to price. The price of mobile phone for that particular time is still high. The major use of the landline by women as a tool for maintaining social ties was unanticipated, as was the heavy use of mobiles by adolescents exchanging SMS text as well audio messages. Like other technologies, the mobile phone is flexible and contains contradictory possibilities.

Mobile phones have truly really changed the way people communicate with each other. Gone are those days of the pay phone down the street and around the corner being one of a persons major means of calling home because they forgot what they had to get from the grocery store. Mobile phones have generally no boundaries in that a call can be made from almost any location at any time. With this luxury and the feature to store contact information, friends and family are at our

finger tips and can be reached by the push of a button, or by the sound of their name; thus enabling closer and easier contact and making this world a smaller place. Mobile phone users have fallen victim to addiction, based on the current development and continuous improvement, users are always left wondering whats next as they wait for the next big feature especially the invention of new generation of android mobile phone.

Modern day mobile phones are capable of going beyond just placing a phone call. They now possess features including: accessing the internet, sending and receiving photos, downloading music and other files, and playing games. Other features include electronic calendars, music players and cameras. The phones equipped with all these functionalities are referred to as smart phones. These so-called smart phones can perform as many tasks as a normal home computer. Mobiles are becoming a part of life now a day. As technology changing rapidly, the technology of mobile is also changing.

2.0

BODY

Mobile phones are rapidly developing recently especially when smart phone was designed. Human lifestyles seem put this technology at first priority in their life and some of them cannot live without mobile phones especially new generations. This situation create new perspective and perception the way their think. Mobile phone industries are being growing very fast and grabbing the gadgets market. The varieties of mobile phones make it popular since it can reach every corner of the world. Latest mobile phones come with advanced features which can lead mobile phones users more addicted and attracted towards those gadgets. Mobile nowadays become

necessary product in human life as main term of communicates each others. However, many problems arise caused by mobile phones direct on indirectly.

2.1

EFFECT OF MOBILE PHONES ON HUMAN HEALTH

Radiation from mobile phones delays and reduces sleep, and causes headaches and confusion, according to a new study

According to the previous study conducted by International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) in 2011 has classified mobile phone radiation on the IARC scale into Group 2B possibly carcinogenic probably can cause brain cancer. That means that there could be some risk of carcinogenicity, so additional research into long term, h eavy use of mobile phones need

to be conducted. After that, World Health Organization (WHO) prcised that to date, no adverse health effects have been established as being caused by mobile phone use. Mobile phone radiation also could cause health problems such as headaches or brain tumors.

There have been many studies throughout the world on RF radiation and its effects on the body. There is a big difference between a biological effect, an effect on the body and a health effect. For example, RF radiation from a mobile phone has the biological effect of raising the temperature in a localized area of the brain by fraction of the degree. This biological effect doesnt automatically carry any health risks. The human body is equipped to deal with very wide variations in temperature without experiencing harm. Human exposure to electromagnetic radiation is happening in ways never dreamed of before. Very young children are using them, teenagers live on them and some even sleep with them on their pillows, as mobile phones are often used as alarm clocks. Whether cell phone use affects the human nervous system and reproduction, causes DNA damage and behavioral changes, or creates addictive behavior, cell phones are now being an important channel of communication in our lives. There are many researches or study conducted proved that mobile phones harm to human health in many way.

In addition, a research carried out shows that the mobile phone device can be dangerous to our health and can cause brain tumours or cancer although evidence on this is still not clear. Since mobile phones operate using magnetic fields, studies indicate that in some circumstances, the magnetic fields can affect living cells. Those who spends too long period of time talking on phone can be fatigued or develop headaches (Care ministries website-accessed on 19thDecember

2011). Also, some argue that heavy use of mobile phones can damage sperms (Daily Express, Great Britain, 24th October 2006- by consumer Correspondent Graham Hiscott).

Cell phone elbow

One of the most recent health problems that mobile phones are accused of causing is cubital tunnel syndrome, a condition known more widely as cell phone elbow. Similar to carpal tunnel syndrome, it is apparently caused by the frequent and repetitive use of the cell phone. It is said that the frequent bending of your elbow to hold your mobile phone to your ear can affect a nerve in your arm that leads to tingling sensations and reduced use of your hands. Less frequent use of your phone, use of your phones speaker or a hands-free talking device and switching of your hands when talking on the phone are all ways to combat this rising problem if indeed it really exists. Cell phones have been accused of causing cancer before, and of lowering fertility thanks to their heat levels. However, doctors worldwide are reporting a less sensational, but potentially far more dangerous affliction striking users worldwide. Scientist are dubbing the new disease "cell phone elbow", a use injury similar perhaps to Wii-itis, but with the potential to cause long term damage.

According to doctors, when you bend your elbow to hold your cell phone to your ear, you stretch a nerve which extends underneath the funny bone and controls the smallest fingers. According to Dr. Peter J. Evans, the director of the Hand and Upper Extremity Center at the Cleveland Clinic in Cleveland, Ohio, long chats can "(choke) the blood supply to the nerves. It makes the nerves short-circuit. The next thing you know there's tingling in the ring and small finger."

Sleep disorder Several studies have been conducted which look at the relationship between mobile phone use and sleep disorders. A recent study showed that those people who use their mobile phones shortly before going to bed will have a harder time unwinding and falling asleep than those people who put their phones away earlier in the day. A common problem found in people, particularly in teenagers, is that those people who leave their phones on at night will be regularly woken up by calls and texts which interrupt sleep and can cause a number of health problems.

2.2

EFFECTS OF MOBILE PHONES ON HUMAN SOCIAL LIFE

There is an enormous impact of the mobile phone on contemporary society from a social scientific perspective. Mobile phones affect every aspect of the personal and professional lives of people with the addiction. In the book Perpetual contact : mobile communication, private talk, public performance the author James E. Katz, PhD, said: "They have transformed social practices and changed the way we do business, yet surprisingly we have little perception on their effect in our lives." Considering any further problems, cell phone uses in certain cases are considered to be problematic. As a result, there are an increasing number of legislative and societal controls over cell phone uses.

Mobile phones can now much more than make calls and send text messages. The latest generation of phones known as smartphones. In many cases the most recent mobile devices are more powerful in terms of their processing power than a regular laptop or desktop computer. Children and young people have always been keen to grabs the opportunities offered by new technologies, and mobile phones are certainly no exception. Offering freedom and independence, mobile phones are an excellent way to communicate, and provide a constant source of information and entertainment. Mobile phones can provide important safety benefits too, enabling people to make contact and be contacted.

2.2.1 Privacy Issues (Reveal too much personal information) Mobile phones now offer much of the functionality of a laptop, meaning that full access to the internet is readily available. Therefore, this situation make people may access inappropriate content where can be engage in communication whether by text messaging, instant messaging or social networking sites for example facebook. Besides, the issue of revealing too much personal information is one of the greatest concern associated with online technologies. Risks include increased chances of online harassment or cyber bullying, inappropriate online contacts, increased of being located in real world which can lead to others negatives things happen especially to young adults. Application such foursquare and Insta Place which shows where you are or the area that you are checked in. While this type of smart phones application may also present other risk.

Example of smart phones application that make everybody know your recent location

2.2.2 Sexual Harassment Issues Sexting is the term used to describe the sending of sexually spread out messages or photographs via mobile phone. While normally people take their personal photo for their own collection, sadly many images end up widely circulated or posted online, especially when relationships end. The originator quickly loses all control over the images, often with embarrassing. Such stories are increasingly reported in the media. There can also be serious legal consequences of sexting for young people. Sexting, or the distribution of sexually suggestive nude or nearly-nude images, has garnered increased media attention in recent years. While this is a topic of concern, results from the survey show that the vast majority of teen cell phone owners have not sent or received messages of this nature. Although this is not a pervasive teen practice, sexting can create serious problems for those involved in it. The desire for risk-taking and sexual exploration during the teenage years, combined with a constant connection via mobile devices, creates a "perfect storm" for sexting. Teenagers have always grappled with issues around sex and relationships, but their coming-ofage mistakes and transgressions have never been so easily transmitted and archived for others to see.

3.0

PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS ON USING MOBILE PHONES

The addictive nature of mobile phones has concerned psychologists for years. Recently, psychologists have warned that smartphone users are especially at risk for becoming addicted to

their devices. In a recent study, subjects checked their phones 34 times a day. People may check their phones out of habit or compulsion, but habitually checking can be a way to avoid interacting with people. Some people can experience withdrawal symptoms typically associated with substance abuse, such as anxiety, insomnia, and depression, when they are without their smartphones. Most of the studies conducted on the potential psychological effects of cell phones have focused on young adults and adolescents. Mobile phones addicts can be seriously affected at psychological level but, as they dont show any physical symptoms, their disorder goes unnoticed to others.

According to a recent Columbia University study, communication, responsibility, and relationships all seem to be negatively influenced by the use of text messaging in both early and late adolescent groups. Frequent mobile phone use has been associated with stress, sleep d Cell phones create a sense of freedom to communicate quickly with those in remote locations. Yet this freedom, if not managed carefully, can create feelings of psychological dependency. Common effects, both reported in the literature and easily recognized, include distraction from social contact among those nearby, the inability to focus on complex and long term tasks, and a heightened sense of anxiety.isturbances, and symptoms of depression among young adult men and women.

Another psychological effect extremely using mobile phone is Mental Health problem. Is it possible that mobile phones are making people crazy. Some people have reported a number of

different symptoms that indicate that mobile phones could be increasing our mental health problems. Decreased attention span, increased anxiety and memory loss are all problems that have been associated with increased mobile phone use. Few of these problems have been proven to actually be linked with mobile phone use though.

4.0

ROAD SAFETY ISSUES IN USING MOBILE PHONES

Research shows that using a mobile phone while driving increases the risk of crashing by at least four times. The most common types of crashes associated with mobile usage are run -off-theroad crashes and rear end crashes. Using a mobile phone while driving can bring even greater danger to novice drivers as they may experience difficulty in balancing the many demands on their driving - from perceptual, mental and physical tasks. Research has found novice drivers who use a mobile phone spend less time looking at the road ahead. They are also more likely to wander over the road (across traffic lanes) and take longer to notice driving hazards. 4.1 Accidents

One of the mobile phone health concerns and public safety concerns that actually does have a lot of validity to it is the link between the use of mobile phones and increased likelihood of accidents. The number of car accidents caused by mobile phones is likely to decrease as laws are strengthened to prevent driving while talking or texting. However, people who are talking on their cell phones are more likely to do dumb things like walk into oncoming traffic which poses a serious threat to your health. The evidence continues to accumulate that using a cell phone while

driving is a major distraction and potential source of accident. This holds no matter whether the phone is hand-held or hands-free. The most dangerous period is during dialing, but just holding a conversation leads to a decrease in reaction time, to missing traffic signals, to shorter following distances, and to less lane control. Note that these finding apply both to younger and older drivers.

It is clear that these findings need to be addressed. Several obvious issues come to mind. One is to try to limit distraction during critical driving times. Several university research projects have been attempting to develop context-aware systems for his purpose: Motorola Labs played an active role in some of these projects. Another is to simplify the entry of information about calls. Still another would be to institute near real-time interaction, which would enable each participant to control the timing of the interaction. This way, a driver could decide when to receive a message, when to reply, and even to pause replies part of the way through in order to attend to driving. Using a mobile phone while driving distracts you in many ways: Physical distraction is caused by handling the phone while driving. For example, removing your hand from the steering wheel to dial a phone number, to answer or end a call. Visual distraction is caused by the amount of time you have your eyes off the road. Cognitive distraction refers to lapses in attention and judgment. This happens when you have to perform two mental tasks at the same time. Having a conversation competes with

the demands of driving, with your attention often changing from driving to the conversation. This results in unsafe driving and increases the risk of a crash.

5.0

RECOMMENDATION/ CONCLUSION

Base on the problems in using mobile phones that has been discuss previously, there a lot things can be done in order to change that scenario. The mobile phone is designed to enable effective social communication and enhance business productivity. We can decide that if this is for productive purpose, then it should yield productive activity. Only make use of the mobile phone when necessary, if you want to prevent being addictive to the phone. Never pick up the mobile phone while driving as you put your life and that of other passengers at risk. Also lets make effective use of the phone. As the Manager of Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, I present an argument that there is a need for us to maintain a good balance of our time with use of mobile phone. We should remember that we bought the phones, and not vice versa. Hence we should make adequate use of our phones only when necessary. Our mobile phones should not take all our attention. As mentioned, using a mobile phone is now very rampant. Even children in basic schools may even own mobile phones. It may be good, but does it really enable these children to concentrate on their education. If you are a student, remember the phone is for communication and network. It is meant to prevent stress of being worried and not knowing where your relatives and friends are, or what they are doing. Once you are with them, avoid frequent use of the device. It will be disgraceful if after you read this article, your boss/teacher caught you fidgeting with your phone while at work or in school. Time is money and each minute counts. We do not have all the time

in this world. So lets make good use of your time and appropriate use of our mobile phone device.

Then, there are the ethical issues involved in using a cell phone. Most smartphones rely on accessing data stored in the cloud, a digital infrastructure that allows companies to deliver services over the Internet. Though the term sounds nebulous, this infrastructure, in reality, is powered by massive data centers that, by design, consume vast amounts of energy in an incongruously wasteful manner. If you use your cell phone primarily to talk and text, a simple flip phone may be all you need to stay connected. But if your phone serves as your digital camera, your music player, your GPS device, your news reader, and your very best friend, youre probably better served with a functionality-packed device like the iPhone, especially if owning that one device eliminates the need for all those others.

There are prevention suggestion that minimize our frequencies interaction with mobile phones:

Cell phones should be used for emergencies, and not for long conversations. A small chip-like cell phone microwave radiation protection device is available, which has the ability to absorb electromagnetic energy waves from your mobile phone. It helps in reducing the potential harmful effects of these emissions to the human body. But that items not yet available in Malaysia but may be in the future generations. Using a mobile headset is a good idea, you don't have to hold phones next to your ears all the time. Use a hands free mobile car kit while driving, without taking your hands off the steering wheel.

THE WHO (World Health Organization) RULES Mobile phone users should limit their exposure to harmful radio frequencies by cutting the length of calls. Hands-free devices cut exposure by keeping the instrument away from the head and body. Driving cum mobile phone talking should be banned. (Implemented in Malaysia recently) Mobile phones should not be used in Intensive Care Units of hospitals as they can pose a danger to patients by interfering with the working of pacemakers and defibrillators. People with hearing aids should not use mobile phones. Base stations, which have low powered antennae on their terrace to communicate with cell phones, should not be located near children's schools and playgrounds.

Technology provides many virtues to modern life, but at some societal costs. If we do not attend to the societal costs, they may cause legal restrictions on the use of the technology. Why not address them proactively, using the technology itself to fight the problems.

REFRENCES (2008, 11). The Effect of Mobile Phones. StudyMode.com. Retrieved 11, 2008, from http://www.studymode.com/essays/Effect-Mobile-Phones-183914.html (2011, 04). The Effects of Mobile Phones on Life. StudyMode.com. Retrieved 04, 2011, from http://www.studymode.com/essays/The-Effects-Of-Mobile-Phones-On-679820.html (2013, 02). Effects of Mobile Phone on Education. StudyMode.com. Retrieved 02, 2013, from http://www.studymode.com/essays/Effects-Of-Mobile-Phone-On-Education-1442865.html

Campbell (2008) found a positive empirical link between perceptions of374 The Rise of Personal Communication Society 2008 The Authors Sociology Compass 2/2 (2008): 371387, 10.1111/j.1751-9020.2007.00080.x Journal Compilation 2008 Blackwell Publishing Ltd Thomee, S. et al "Prevalence of perceived stress, symptoms of depression and sleep disturbances in relation to information and communication technology (ICT) use among young adults - an explorative prospective study." Computers in Human Behavior, Volume 23, Issue 3 (May 2007).