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BIOLOGY I BIO091 (SCIENCE FOUNDATION) JUN 2013 OKT 2013 Credit Unit Contact Hour Course Description : 5 hours/week

k : Lecture (3hrs/week), Practical (2hrs/week) & Tutorial (1.5 hr/week) : This course contains 7 chapters which include macromolecules, cells, plasma membrane transport, enzyme, energy, homeostasis and ecology. It examines the structure of life and some of the fundamental processes that characterize living things.

WEEK 1

DATE 10-16 Jun

TOPIC/SUB TOPIC DESCRIPTIONS Ice Breaking session Briefing & Introduction Chap 1: Macromolecules 1.1: Functional group 1.2: Water

LEARNING OUTCOMES

Discuss some biologically important chemical groups. Explain the structure of water and describe the properties of water and its importance

1.3: Introduction to macromolecules

Describe formation of macromolecules from monomers.

1.4: Amino acids, peptides and proteins

Describe the general structure of amino acids and group them based on their side chains. Describe the polypeptide. formation of dipeptide and

Discuss the classification of proteins in term of levels of organisation, structure, composition and functions. 2 17-23 Jun Chap 1: Macromolecules [cont] 1.5:Structures and functions of carbohydrates

Describe the four group of carbohydrates

Describe the synthesis of disaccharides and polysaccharides. Describe the structures and functions of starch, glycogen and cellulose 1.6: Structures and functions of lipids State the types of lipid Describe the fat/triglyceride synthesis and structure of

State the function of lipids. 1.7: Structures and functions of nucleic acids Describe the structure and components of nucleic acids. State the types and functions of DNA and RNA.

24-30 Jun

Chap 2: Cells 2.1: Cell theory 2.2: Differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes

State the cell theory Compare and contrast the structures of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

1-7 Jul

Chap 2: Cells 2.3: Structure and function of organelles Chap 3: Plasma membrane transport 3.1: Membrane components and its organization

Describe the structure and functions of organelles.

8-14 Jul

List the components of plasma membrane and their function.

3.2: Structure of plasma membrane- fluid model

mosaic Describe the structure of the plasma membrane and the functions of each component.

3.3: The role of membrane protein as a site for Explain the role of membrane protein. recognition, receptor etc 6 15-21 Jul Chap 3: Plasma membrane transport [cont] 3.4: Passive transport 3.4.1: Simple diffusion 3.4.2: Facilitated diffusion 3.4.3: Osmosis 3.5: Active transport 3.5.1: Electrogenic pump 3.5.2: Exocytosis 3.5.3: Endocytosis

Explain the various transport mechanisms across the membrane.

22-28 Jul

Chap 4: Enzymes 4.1: Bioenergetics 4.2: Catalysis and concept of activation energy

Explain the laws of thermodynamics. Explain how an enzyme lowers the required energy of activation for a reaction. Discuss the physical and chemical properties of enzyme

4.3: Properties of enzyme

29 Jul-4 August

Chap 4: Enzymes [cont] 4.4: Mechanisms of enzyme action

Explain the mechanism of enzyme action and describe the hypothesis related to its mechanism of action. Explain the formation of the enzyme-substrate complex

4.5: Regulation of enzyme activity 4.5.1 Introduction of allosteric site 4.5.2 Allosteric activators 4.5.3 Allosteric inhibitors 4.6: Cofactors 4.7: Enzyme inhibition 4.7.1 Reversible 4.7.2 Irreversible 4.8: Saturation effect 4.9: Classification of enzymes

Explain the allosteric site in enzyme. Discuss how enzyme inhibitors and activators regulate enzyme activity in a cell. List the type of cofactors Discuss the mechanism of enzyme inhibition

Explain factors that affect the enzymatic reaction List the class of enzyme.

MID SEM BREAK (5- 11 AUGUST ) 9 12-18 August Chap 5: Energy 5.1:Autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition

Contrast autotrophy and heterotrophy with respect to their energy and carbon sources.

5.2: Photosynthesis 5.2.1: Absorption spectrum of photosynthetic State the photosynthetic pigments involved in pigments photosynthesis. 5.2.2: Light reaction Explain the photoactivation of chlorophyll resulting in the conversion of light energy into ATP and NADP+

10

19 - 25 August

Chap 5: Energy[cont] 5.2.3: Dark reaction

Describe Calvin cycle involving carbon fixation, reduction of PGAL/G3P and regeneration of RuBP Describe carbon fixation in C3, C4 and CAM plants.

5.2.4: C3, C4 and CAM plants

11

26 August -1 Sept

Chap 5: Energy[cont] 5.3: Cellular respiration 5.3.1: Structure, importance and formation of State the types of ATP production; substrate level ATP. phosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation. 5.3.1: Redox reactions Explain oxidation and reduction.

5.3.2:Glycolysis, link reaction, Krebs cycle, Describe the oxidation of glucose which involves

electron transport chain and oxidative glycolysis pathway, link reaction, Krebs cycle phosphorylation 12 2-8 Sept Chap 5: Energy[cont] 5.3.2: Glycolysis, link reaction, Krebs cycle, Describe electron electron transport chain and oxidative chemiosmosis. phosphorylation [cont]

transport

chain

and

13

9-15 Sept

Chap 6: Homeostasis 6.1: Definition, importance and mechanism of Explain the homeostasis concept. homeostasis Describe the important and mechanism homeostatic control system. 6.2:Negative feedback mechanisms 6.2.1: Blood-glucose regulation 6.2.2: Thermoregulation Explain the negative feedback mechanism in: Controlling blood glucose.

of

Explain homeostatic processes for thermoregulation involve form, function and behaviour. and Describe the uptake and loss of water and solutes of animals

6.2.3: Osmoregulation i)Osmoregulation of marine fresh water animal.

ii)Osmoregulation of human -Homeostatic organ Kidney -Formation of urine -Role of ADH and Aldosterone

Describe the structure and function of kidneys. Describe the formation of urine Explain the role of ADH and aldosterone.

6.3:Positive feedback Mechanism

Explain the positive feedback mechanism: Process of uterus contraction and release of milk by oxytocin

14

16-22 Sept

Chap 7: Ecology 7.1: Introduction to biodiversity: Kingdom Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia 7.2: Definition of basic terminologies in ecology.

State the classification systems based on Whittaker (1969) Define basic terminologies in ecology: i. Niche ii. Habitat iii. Species iv. Population v. Community vi. Ecosystem vii. Ecology Explain the components of the ecosystem: i. Biotic components ii. Abiotic components

7.3: Interactions Explain interaction between organisms. 7.3.1: Inter-specific and intra-specific. 7.3.2:Mutualism, parasitism and commensalism, herbivory, predation and competition 7.4: Energy transfer 7.4.1: Food chain and food web 7.4.2: Pyramid of numbers and biomass

Describe food chain, food web and ecological pyramid in relation to trophic levels and energy transfer.

Revision Week Final Examination Grading: Course work: Test I Test II Quizzes/Assignment Lab Practical Final Examination:

50% 15% 15% 5% 15% 50%

References:
1. 2. 3. 4.

Campbell et al. Biology. Volume 1 and 2. Pearson Education Inc. 2009. Campbell, N.A and Reece, J.B. Biology, 8th Edition, Benjamin Cummings, 2007. Campbell, N.A, Mitchell, L.G. and Reece, J.B. Biology Concepts and Connections with On Line Lab, 3rd Edition, Benjamin Cummins, 2001. Cecie Starr. Biology: Concepts and Application, Brooks/Cole Publishing, 2002.

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