COURSE PRO FORMA Program Ijazah Sarjana Muda Perguruan Dengan Kepujian (Sains Pendidikan Rendah) Course Title

Action Research I Primary Science (Methodology) Penyelidikan Tindakan I-Sains Pendidikan Rendah (Kaedah) Course Code Credit Contact Hours Medium of Instruction Pre-requisite to entry SCE3113 3 (3+0) 45 hours English None 1. Describe educational research methods and their use in education. 2. Explain the basic aspects of research including types of educational research, research designs, procedure and ethics. 3. Analyse and discuss current issues in education that can be investigated through action research. 4. Discuss what is action research and its process. 5. Acquire the skills of planning and implementing an action research in school. 6. Acquire the skills of writing an action research proposal, report and journal article. This course provides knowledge on action research method in primary science. It discusses the research methods in education, types of educational research, various types of educational research design, educational research procedure, concepts of action research and models, action research process, planning and proposal, data collection methods, data collection considerations, data analysis, interpreting the action research data, writing an action research report and article, and ways of making action research data public. Kursus ini memberi pengetahuan tentang kaedah penyelidikan tindakan di dalam sains pendidikan rendah. Kursus ini membincangkan pelbagai kaedah dalam penyelidikan pendidikan, pelbagai rekabentuk penyelidikan pendidikan, prosedur

Learning Outcomes

Synopsis

Berkuatkuasa mulai Januari 2007 Kemaskini 15 Disember 2009

penyelidikan pendidikan, konsep dan model-model penyelidikan tindakan, proses penyelidikan tindakan, perancangan dan cadangan, kaedah-kaedah pengumpulan data, pertimbangan dalam pengumpulan data, analisis data, interpretasi data penyelidikan tindakan, penulisan laporan dan artikel penyelidikan tindakan, dan cara-cara menyebarkan data penyelidikan tindakan.

Topic

Content Introduction to research methods in education The aims of educational research

Hours

The characteristics of educational research

1

Approaches in educational research

- The positivist approach (quantitative) - The interpretive approach (qualitative)

Ethics of educational research

- The important aspects of research ethics - Ethical codes Types of educational research - Basic research - Applied research - Action research - Evaluation research Introduction to various types of educational research design Quantitative research - Experimental - Quasi-experimental - Survey - Correlational

Qualitative research
- Ethnography - Case study - Historical 3 Educational research procedure Choosing a research problem Determining the research objective Determining the research questions

Berkuatkuasa mulai Januari 2007 Kemaskini 15 Disember 2009

Determining the research hypotheses Reviewing the literature Planning the research design Determining the sampling procedure Constructing the research instrument Constructing the validity and reliability of the instrument Determining the data collection procedure Collecting data Analysing and interpreting the data Reporting the results and findings

Action research: Concepts and model Definition and concepts The characteristics of action research The importance of action research Issues related to action research 4 Models of action research - Stephen Kemmiss model - John Elliotts model - Dave Ebbutts model - Jack Whiteheads model - Jean McNiffs model - Kurt Lewins model Action research: The process Adapted from the models of Lewin, 1946 and Laidlaw,1992: Identifying an aspect of the educational practice to improve Planning an action Implementing the action Collecting the data Reflecting on the action (before, during and after the action) Taking further action Developing the second cycle of action research 6 Action research: Planning and proposal Context Focus / aspect of practice to improve Research questions Literature review Subjects of the study

Berkuatkuasa mulai Januari 2007 Kemaskini 15 Disember 2009

Action plan Implementation of action plan Data collection methods Reflection: Data analysis and interpretation Work schedule Budget Sources of reference

Action research: Data collection methods Observation: : observer, participant-observer, participant Document analysis checklists Interview: structured, semi-structured, unstructured Action research: Data collection methods

Questionnaires Video and cassette recordings Logs Field notes Photographs Portfolios Anecdotal records Slides Journals Diaries

Action research: Data collection considerations Sampling, validity, reliability, bias Sampling and bias Validity: - External critics (originality of the data) - Internal critics (accuracy of the data) - Data triangulation

Reliability- The generalisability of findings Ethics

10
Berkuatkuasa mulai Januari 2007 Kemaskini 15 Disember 2009

Action research: data analysis

Qualitative data Content analysis Categorising the data Coding the data Arranging the data into analysis grids Identifying the issues/themes/assertions Further research activities

Action research :data analysis 11 Quantitative data Descriptive analysis: Frequency, percentage, mean, mod, median, standard deviation, correlation coefficient Interpreting the action research data Integrating various sources of data Connecting the data with literature review Summarising the results and drawing conclusions 3

12

13

Writing an action research report The context/background of the study Literature review Focus/ aspect of the practice to improve The action plan Implementation of action plan Data collection methods Data analysis and interpretation Reflection and implications Plan for further action Citation of references :American Psychological Association (APA) Writing an action research article

14

Berkuatkuasa mulai Januari 2007 Kemaskini 15 Disember 2009

Abstract The context Research focus Action plan Implementation of action plan Data collection methods Data analysis and interpretation Reflection and implications

 The next step Bibliography

Ways of making action research data public 15
Seminars Publications Action research networks

Total Assessmnt Course work 50% Examination 50%

45

Main References

Creswell, J. W. (2008). Educational research, planning, conducting and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research. 3rd Ed. NJ: Pearson. Gall, D. G., Gall, J. P. & Borg, W. R. (2007). Educational research: An Introduction. 8th Ed. USA: Pearson.

Additional References

Fraenkel, J.R. & Wallen, N.E.(1990). How to design and evaluate research in education. USA, McGraw-Hill. Gillham, B. (2003). The research interview. London: Continuum. Jones, J. (2005). Management skills in school. London: Paul Chapman Publishing. Kembar, D. (2000). Action learning and action research. London: Kogan Page. Mills, G. E. (2000). Action research. A guide for the teacher researcher. Ohio: Prentice Hall. Macintyre, C. (2000). The art of action research in the classroom. London: David Fulton Publishers Ltd.

Berkuatkuasa mulai Januari 2007 Kemaskini 15 Disember 2009