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CrossedBeamsStudy

TheendofthecantileverbeamBDsitsonthesimplysupportedbeamABC.Thetwobeamshave
identicalcrosssectionsandmaterials(identicalEI).Findthemaximumbendingmomentineachbeam
whentheloadof1400lbisapplied.

Figure1Apairofconstrainedbeams

Thistypeofmodelhasanadditionaltypeofrelationshipbetweenthedisplacements.Inadditionto
essentialboundaryconditionsatpointsA,C,andD,thereisacouplingorconstraintbetweenthetwo
unknownverticaldisplacementslocatedatpointB.Sincetheconstraintinvolvestwodegreesof
freedomitisreferredtoatatype2multipointconstraint(MPC).Thegeneralformofsuchan
equationinvolvesthreeconstants :
.
Butsince isneverzero,theinputisreducedtoatwoconstantinputstream:
,

Thisconstraintactuallyisbetweentwodegreeoffreedomnumbers(dof):
.
Forthefigureabovetheconstraintissimplythecommonform
0.Here, would
representagapsizebetweenthetwobeams.Ofcourse,ifthegapneverclosesundertheappliedload
thentheconstraintwouldnotexist.Youcouldsolvetheproblem(formemberBDalone)todetermine
iftheenddeflectionisgreaterthanthegap.Ifso,applytheconstraintandsolveagain.Alternately,
youcouldapplytheconstraintfirst,andthencheckthememberreactionstoverifythatcompression
occursatpointBonmemberBD.

J.E.Akin,RiceUniversity.Page1of5

Atype2MPCisflaggedintheinputdatabyplacinga2inthepackedintegerflagatthedigitthat
correspondstotheconstraineddof.Thatmustbedoneforbothoftheconstraineddof.Thatis,the
type2flagsmustoccurinpairs.(Likewise,type3MPCfagsoccurastriplets.)
Theanglebetweenthetwobeamsdoesnotmatter.Thus,inthefollowingexampletheywilljustbe
offsetfromeachother(alongthexaxis)sothattheshearandmomentplotsappearinthesamegraph.
Thedeflectedshapesareshown(exploded)inFigure2.TheMPChasforcedthedeflectionsatnodes3
and6tobethesame,buttheyhaveindependentanddifferentslopes.Fromtheelementreactions,it
isdeterminedthatbeamBDpressesdownonbeamsABandBCwitha1200lbverticalload.That
makesthenetloadoncantileverDBonly200lb.Figure3showsthatthemaximummomentinthepair
ofbeamsis3,200ftlbandoccursatpointBonthelowersimplysupportedbeam.Thereactions,and
sheardiagramsinFigure4,showthattheverticalreactionforcesare400,800,and200lbatpointsA,
C,andD,respectively.PointDalsohasamomentof1,600ftlbtocompletetheequilibrium.

Figure2Relativecoupledbeamdeflections
J.E.Akin,RiceUniversity.Page2of5


Figure3Momentdiagramsforbothbeams

Figure4Sheardiagramsforbothbeams
J.E.Akin,RiceUniversity.Page3of5

Anechooftheoutputfilesforthequinticbeammodelsisgivenbelow.Notethedigit2indicating
whichtwodegreesoffreedomoccurintheMPC.
>>L3_Quintic_BoEF(1)
(Echoofmsh_remarks.tmp)
===================BeginApplicationRemarks============================
Numericalcheckoftwocrossedbeams,onerestingontheother.
rollerADfixedCantileverDBrestsonthe
\/onethirdpointofsimplebeam
8ft\/8ftABC.Thereisaverticalpoint
B\/loadof1,400lbatB.
\4ft
\CrollerFindthemaxmomentandshear.
Thisrequiresamultipointconstrain(MPC)betweenthetwovertical
deflections:vB_DB1*VB_AB=0

Nodaldof:deflectionandslope
Elementtype=1(abeam,everywhere)
Elementconnection:threenodesperelement
Elementproperties6(columnsinmsh_properties.tmp):
modulus(E),inertia(I),lineloadw1w2,foundation(k_f),density(Rho)
herek_f=0(nofoundation),Rho=anyvalue(notusedinstatics)
====================EndApplicationRemarks============================

Read8nodes.
(Echonode,rowoffilemsh_bc_xyz.tmp)
node,bc_flags,1coordinates
1,
11
0
2,
00
4
3,
20
8<=====Notedigit2forvdisplacement
4,
10
8.5(offsetbyarbitrary8.5toavoidplotoverlaps)
5,
00
12.5
6,
20
16.5<=====Notedigit2forvdisplacement
7,
00
18.5
8,
10
20.5
Note:expecting4displacementBCvalues.
Note:expecting1algebraicMPCsetswithamaximumdofperequationof2

Read3elementswith(ignored)type&3nodeseach.
(Echonumber,rowoffilemsh_typ_nodes.tmp)
1,
1
123
2,
1
456
1
678
3,

Read4EBCdatasetswithNode,DOF,Value.
(Echooffilemsh_ebc.tmp)
110
120
410
810

J.E.Akin,RiceUniversity.Page4of5

Read1pointsources.(Echoofmsh_load_pt.tmp)
Node,DOF,Source_value
3
1
1400

(Echoingfilemsh_properties.tmp)
6homogeneouspropertyvalues
1.01.00.0.0.0.

Read1constrainteqs.(Echoofmsh_mpc.tmp)
2NodeDOFpairs,2coefficients
316110

Resultantinputsources:
Node,DOF,Resultantinputsources
311400
Totals=14000

CalculatedDisplacements
Node,Y_displacement,Z_rotationat8nodes
10
0
210.6689
4.80102
334.1406
6.40136<=====Noteequalverticaldisplacement
40
8.53303
529.8656
5.33314
634.1321
4.26652<=====Noteequalverticaldisplacement
720.266
9.06635
80 10.6663

Maxdeflectionvalueis0.Mindeflectionvalueis37.157

Maxslopevalueis10.6663.Minslopevalueis8.53303

Maxmomentvalueis3199.89.Minmomentvalueis1600.33

Maxshearvalueis399.99.Minshearvalueis800.044

ReactionsatDisplacementBCs
Node,DOF,ReactionValue
11200.042
121600.34
311199.96<===verticalforceUPonbeamDB
41399.986
611199.96<===verticalforceDOWNonbeamAB
81799.972
Totals=1.0e+03*[1.40001.6003}

IndividualReactionSummaries:
Elem, F_1,

M_1,
F_3,
M_3
1,
200.042,
1600.34,
1199.96#,
0.0<===#1200lbonDB
2,
399.986,
0.0,
399.986#,
3199.89<===#400lbtoAB
3,
799.972#,
3199.89,
799.972,
0.0<===#800lbtoBC
>>quit

J.E.Akin,RiceUniversity.Page5of5

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