Commodore SID 6581 Datasheet

Contents
1 Introduction 2 Concept 3 Features 4 6581 Pin Configuration 5 Description 6 6581 SID Block Diagram 7 SID Control Registers 8 SID Register Description 8.1 Voice 1 8.1.1 Freq Lo/Freq Hi (Registers 00-01) 8.1.2 PW Lo/PW Hi (Registers 02-03) 8.1.3 Control Register (Register 04) 8.1.4 Attack/Decay (Register 05) 8.1.5 Sustain/Release (Register 06) 8.2 Voice 2 8.3 Voice 3 8.4 Filter 8.4.1 FC Lo/FC Hi (Registers $15, $16) 8.4.2 RES/Filt (Register $17) 8.4.3 Mode/Vol (Register $18) 8.5 Misc 8.5.1 POTX (Register $19) 8.5.2 POTY (Register $1A) 8.5.3 OSC 3/RANDOM (Register $1B) 8.5.4 ENV 3 (Register $1C) 9 SID Pin Description 10 6581 SID Characteristics 10.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings 10.2 Comment 11 6581 (SID) Timing 12 Appendix A - Equal-Tempered Musical Scale Values 13 Appendix B - SID Envelope Generators 14 Appendix C - Typical 6581 SID Application The owner of this site is a member of the EFF and you should be a member too! The EFF protects the rights of open-source, open-hardware authors all over the world. PayPal, fast, easy and secure

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Introduction
This article is a reproduction of the original Commodore 6581 Sound Interface Device (SID) datasheet. I made this by taking a photocopy of an original document and using OCR to capture the content, then the document was hand-edited, formatted for mediawiki and reassembled here with (cleaned-up and straightened) diagrams and tables. The reason for this was that most sources on the web are low quality PDFs and, since the documents are graphical copies of the original, they cannot be searched or indexed. The SID chip is a complex device, so I hope anyone developing projects around this device will find this mediawiki format datasheet useful. Since it was converted mainly by hand (OCR is not terribly accurate!) I would appreciate it if you could notify me of any errors or omissions you find so I can make this as accurate as possible. If you would like to make a copy of this document please note the Creative Commons licence referenced at the bottom of the page.

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Concept
The 6581 Sound Interface Device (SID) is a single-chip, 3-voice electronic music synthesizer/sound effects generator compatible with the 65XX and similar microprocessor families. SID provides wide-range, high-resolution control of pitch (frequency), tone color (harmonic content) and dynamics (volume). Specialized control circuitry minimizes software overhead, facilitating use in arcade/home video games and low-cost musical instruments.

Features
3 Tone Oscillators Range: 0-4 kHz 4 Waveforms per Oscillator Triangle Sawtooth Variable Pulse Noise 3 Amplitude Modulators Range: 48 dB 3 Envelope Generators Exponential response Attack Rate: 2mS-8S Decay Rate: 6mS-24S Sustain level: 0-peak volume Release Rate: 6mS-24S Oscillator Synchronization Ring Modulation Programmable Filter Cutoff range: 30 Hz-12 kHz 12 dB/octave Rolloff Low pass, Band pass, High pass, Notch outputs Variable Resonance Master Volume Control

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