Resistive Capacitive Voltage Dividers for Gas Insulated Switchgear

Introduction
Power quality has become a major concern, both for electricity providers and their customers. As todays electrical equipment is far more sensitive than electrical devices of the past, a reliable picture of the HV line voltage is needed to determine the origin of power disturbances. Both for power quality measurements and for measurements at rated frequency, Trench Resistive Capacitive Voltage Dividers (RC Voltage Dividers) are able to measure over a large frequency band with a high accuracy. They are an effective solution for a modern SMART Grid infrastructure. Measurements at rated frequency Trench RC Voltage Dividers cover all IEC and ANSI metering requirements (class 0.2 or lower). They can also be used for protection purposes according IEC or ANSI. Harmonics measurements Unlike capacitive voltage transformers (accuracy on narrow frequency band only) and inductive voltage transformers (harmonic frequency resonances between winding inductances and stray capacitances), RC Voltage Dividers are linear from DC up to 20 kHz. Harmonics can be measured with an accuracy better than 1 % (see Fig. 2) and a phase displacement less than 1 on this frequency range.

RC Voltage Divider
High Voltage Terminal

Ratio Error [%]

4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3

R13

C11 Coaxial Cable

1a 1n

External Burden

R24

C22

Ck

Rk

CB

-4

10

100

1.000

10.000

100.000 1.000.000 Frequency [Hz]

Ground Terminal

Fig. 2: Magnitude versus frequency test over the entire bandwidth

Fig. 1: Equivalent Circuit Diagram of an RC Voltage Divider

Ratio Error [%] 500 400 300 200 100 0 Capacitive Voltage Transformer 420 kV

R13: R24: F: RB: C11: C22: Ck: C B

Primary Resistance Secondary Resistance Spark Gap Load Resistance Primary Capacitance Secondary Capacitance Stray Capacitance Burden Capacitance

Inductive Voltage Transformer 420 kV RC Voltage Divider 420 kV

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

Frequency [Hz]

Fig. 3: Bandwidth comparison of an Inductive Voltage Transformer, a CVT and an RCVD

Fig. 4: RCVD 145T

Fig. 5: RCVD 420

Design
Trench RC Voltage Dividers are designed based on the long experience with capacitive dividers and capacitors for different applications (capacitive voltage transformers, coupling capacitors, dividers for DC applications or test labs, energy storage capacitors or grading capacitors). The resistors connected in parallel to the capacitor windings are designed to guarantee an extremely low resistance variation through time, electrical stress and temperature. The insulation system is made of oil / paper-polypropylene mounted in a composite housing. The whole design is directly mounted into the GIS in the common SF6-gas compartment. Trench RC Voltage Dividers are designed to allow an easy and fast customization to specific customer requirements. Features Available for voltage levels 72.5 kV 145 kV (three-phase design) and 245 kV 550 kV (single-phase design) Accurate from DC up to 20 kHz Bandwidth up to 2 MHz Ferroresonance-free (no saturable cores) Excellent transient characteristics Conform to microprocessor-based secondary technology Short-circuit proof design Disconnection during commissioning tests on site not necessary, e.g. in case of DC-tests (cable tests) Significant size and weight reduction

Technical Data

RCVD 145T

3-Phase Units Type

Um AC BIL SIL Output voltage Rated voltage factor Accuracy range Rated burden Metering class Protection class Temperature range Insulation class Weight Height Min. field distance [kg] [mm] [mm] 90 770 575 [C] [kHz] [kV] [kV] [kV] [kV] [V]

RCVD 72T
72.5 140 325 -

RCVD 123T
123 230 550 As required (typically 100/3) 1.5 or 1.9 0 20 1 M + 500 pF according to IEC or ANSI -30 +55 E 90 770 575

RCVD 145T
145 275 650 -

90 770 575

RCVD 245

RCVD 300 420

RCVD 420 550

Single-Phase Units Type

Um AC BIL SIL Output voltage Rated voltage factor Accuracy range Rated burden Metering class Protection class Temperature range Insulation class Weight Height Min. phase distance [kg] [mm] [mm] 110 1257 400 160 1852 490 [C] [kHz] [kV] [kV] [kV] [kV] [V]

RCVD 245
245 460 1050 -

RCVD 300
300 460 1050 850

RCVD 362
362 510 1175 950

RCVD 420
420 630 1425 1050

RCVD 550
550 680 1550 1175

As required (typically 100/3) 1.5 or 1.9 0 20 1 M + 500 pF according to IEC or ANSI -30 +55 E 160 1852 490 1601) 2602) 18521) 15222) 4901) 6462)
1) 2)

260 1522 646

Design RCVD 300 420 Design RCVD 420 550

Trench Factories
Trench Austria GmbH Paschinger Strasse 49 Postfach 13 A-4060 Linz-Leonding Austria Phone: +43-732-6793-0 Fax: +43-732-671341 Trench Brasil Ltda Via Expressa de Contagem, 2685 Contagem, Minas Gerais CEP 32370-485 Brazil Phone: +55-31-3391-5959 Fax: +55-31-3391-1828 Trench China MWB (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. No. 3658, Jiancheng Road Minhang, Shanghai P. R. China 200245 Phone: +86-21-54720088 Fax: +86-21-54723118 Trench France S.A. 16, Rue du Gnral Cassagnou B.P. 70 F-68 302 St. Louis, Cedex France Phone: +33-3-89-70-2323 Fax: +33-3-89-67-2663 Trench Germany GmbH Nrnberger Strasse 199 D-96050 Bamberg Germany Phone: +49-951-1803-0 Fax: +49-951-1803-224 Trench High Voltage Products Ltd., Shenyang No. 2 Zhengliang Er. Road Jing Shen Xi San Street Dao Yi Economic Development Zone Shenyang 110136 P. R. China Phone: +86-24-89722688 Fax: +86-24-289737200 Trench Italia S.r.l. Strada Curagnata, 37 IT-17014 Bragno Cairo, Montenotte (SV) Italy Phone; +39-019-5161-111 Fax: +39-019-5161-401 Trench Limited Bushing Division 432 Monarch Avenue Ajax, Ontario Canada L1S 2G7 Phone: +1-905-426-2665 Fax: +1-905-426-2671 Trench Limited Coil Products Division 71 Maybrook Drive Scarborough, Ontario Canada M1V 4B6 Phone: +1-416-298-8108 Fax: +1-416-298-2209 Trench Limited Instrument Transformer Division 390 Midwest Road Scarborough, Ontario Canada M1P 3B5 Phone: +1-416-751-8570 Fax: +1-416-751-6952 Trench Limited Power Line Carrier Division 330 Finchdene Square Scarborough, Ontario Canada M1X 1A5 Phone: +1-416-847-5400 Fax: +1-416-291-5581

The Trench Group is your partner of choice for electrical power transmission and distribution solutions today and for the development of your new technology solutions of tomorrow.