TheWorstHasYettoCome July2013FollowupBrief

InitialBriefing: Rohingya&Muslim HumanRights,HumanitarianFindings 2013MissionstoSittwe,RakhineState,Myanmar

NoraE.RowleyMDMPH

TableofContents Page 2.AntiMuslimviolenceinRakhineStateThandwe,PaukTaw,MraukU 3.RakhineState6TownshipsNightCurfewExtended2months 3.Bengalization:Arrests,Torture,RapeandKillingSittwe,MaungdawandButhidaung 3.HlunHtinPolicecheckpointsinsideSittweMuslimIDParea 4.SittweMuslimVillagesandQuarterstoldtovacate,ThetKaePyinVillagethreatenedwithattack 4.ReliefHousing 5.July2013SittweIDPMap 5.ReliefFood 5.ContinuedGovernmentDenialofRelief 6.MedicalRelief 6.Schools 6.InternationalDevelopmentinRakhinePipelinetoIndia,SittweSEZ

AntiMuslimviolenceinRakhineState

Thandwe,30June2July,2013 June30July2,2013Amobofabout50RakhineBuddhistsetfireandvandalizedMuslim homesandshops,RakhinehomesandthebusstationinAnTawquarterofThandweCity, ThandweTownship,RakhineState.Thisviolencewasimmediatelyprecededbyrumors andallegationsofrapeagainst2Muslimmenby2RakhineBuddhistwomen.Withinafew hoursofthebeginningoftheviolence,theallegedrapecasewasreportedasrapeof BuddhistwomandonebyaMuslimmanontheMyawaddyFacebooksite, https://www.facebook.com/MyawadyNews?hc_location=stream,whichistheMyanmar militarymediasite.Afewhoursaftertheallegedrapeandbeginningofmobviolencewere announcedontheMyawaddyFacebooksiteitwastakendown.Themorningafterthe violencestarted,YeHtut,PresidentTheinSeinsAdministrativespokesman, https://www.facebook.com/ye.htut.988?fref=tsYeHtut,broadcastareportaboutthe ThandwesituationonMyanmarStateTV,MRTV,andusedthephotographoftheRakhine womanmurderedandallegedlyrapedbyMuslimmen28May,2012onRamreeIsland. SecurityofficialsinThandwedidnotinterferetostoptheviolenceorputoutfiresearly enoughtosalvageproperty.AcurfewwasannouncedbutviolatedbyRakhineBuddhists whocommittedfurtherpropertydestructionandwerenotpunished.Nodeathshavebeen reportedbuttherewereseveralMuslimsandRakhineBuddhistswhowereinjured. PaukTaw,27June,2013 OnJune27,governmentauthoritiesshotandkilled2Musliminternallydisplacedpersons (IDPs)andinjured6moreIDPsinKyeinNiPyinIDPcampinPauktaw Township.AUNHCRSpokesmaninGenevareported,Whensomeofthedisplaced gatheredatanearbymilitarypostaskingthattheleader[ofthevillagewithwhomtheyhad adispute]behandedover,gunfirewasusedbytheauthoritiestodispersethecrowdand resultinginthefatalitiesandwounding,1 MraukU,4June2013 OnJune4,3Rohingyawomenwerekilledand5otherRohingyainjuredwhenpolice securityforcesopenedfireonthem.ThevictimswereamongRohingyalivinginmakeshift homesinPareinVillage,MraukUTownship,whopoliceorderedtoleavetheirvillageand relocatetoanothersite.WhentheRohingyarefusedtomove,thepolicefiredtheir weaponsintothegroupofRohingya.2 OnJune6,RakhineStategovernmentinformationteamspokesmansaidMuslimsrefugees attackedotherMuslimswhowerebuildinghomesfortherefugees.Policecameandfired rubberbulletsabovethecrowdandthespokesmanhadnoevidencethattheyshotorused liveammunition.Thespokesmansaidreportswerethatthewomenwerekilledwhen stabbedinalaterargumentwithothervillagers.3 OnJune11,TomsOjeaQuintana,theUNhumanrightsrapporteurforBurma,condemned theJune4MraukUshootingincident.Hecalleditashockingexampleofhow governmentsecurityforcescontinuetomistreattheMuslimminoritywithcomplete impunity.4
12RohingyasKilled,6Injured,ForAttackingSecurityForceshttp://www.irrawaddy.org/archives/38874 2http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/worldasia22780085?print=true 3http://www.mizzima.com/news/rohingyaissues/9504rakhinegovtdisputesclaimrohingyawomenkilledbypolice 4UNRightsEnvoyCondemnsShockingKillingofRohingyaWomenhttp://www.irrawaddy.org/archives/37281

OnJune14,YeHtut,PresidentTheinSeinsspokesman,issuedastatementthatthelocal MraukUMuslimvillagersattackedauthoritieswhotriedtohelpthemandtherefore provokedthem.5 MraukU,11June,2013 OnJune11,thebodyofan11yearoldRohingyagirlwasfoundhackedintwoneara militarycampinMraukU.6 RakhineState6TownshipsNightCurfewExtended2months OnJune12,2013,governmentauthoritiesannouncedthatthesixRakhinetownships, Sittwe,Buthidaung,Maungdaw,Rambree,KyaukPruandKyaukTaw,havehadthe6hour nightlycurfewextendedforanother2months.7 Bengalization:Arrests,Torture,RapeandKilling InSittwe,atotalof42Muslimshavebeenarrestedbypoliceandaccusedoforganizinga strikebyRohingyatorefusetheApril26,2013PresidentsCensusregistrationasBengali. Ofthese42whowerearrested,24havebeenchargedandremaininprison.Fourteenof thosechargedarefromBawDuPaIDPcamp,7fromThetKaePyinand3froman unregisteredcampofMinbyaIDPs. TheremainingMuslimswhowereaccusedwerereleasedfrompolicecustodywithoutany foodandafterbeingsubjecttodaily2hourinterrogationsandbeatingswithmetalrods andcanes,i.e.torture.Theywerereleasedonlyaftertheyeachpaidabribeofatleast 1,000,000Myanmarkyats(mmk)andsignedthecensusregistrationasBengali. NewsfromMaungdawandButhidaungTownships,the2townshipsthatborder Bangladesh,whereRohingyaarethemajoritypopulationandmostRohingyalive,report thattheCensusteamoperationsrestartedApril10,2013.8Thecensusteamsecurity forceshavecontinuedtouseviolence,includingkilling,rapeandtorture,andotherforms ofcoerciontogetRohingyatosigncensusregistrationasBengali.9 HlunHtinPolicecheckpointsinsideSittweMuslimIDParea HlunHtinpolicehavesetupacheckpointattheManzijunction(SeeJuly2013SittweMap, largerblackdot).IDPsneedpermissionandpaymenttocrossthepolicecheckpoint.Many IDPshavebeenarrestedatthecheckpointsforarbitraryreasons.IDPsbeganusing alternativeroutestoavoidthecheckpointsinordertoexitthe7barracksIDParea.Hlun Htinsoonsetupadditionalcheckpointsarethesealternativeroutes(SeeJuly2013Sittwe Map,2smallerblackdots).
5Official:RohingyasProvokedFatalShootingByAttackingAuthorities http://www.irrawaddy.org/archives/37520 6http://www.rohingyablogger.com/2013/06/11yearsoldrohingyagirlkilledby.html

7http://www.narinjara.com/main/index.php/nightcurfewextendedinarakanfortwomonths/
8http://www.kaladanpress.org/news/330news2013/may2013/4197censusresumesinmaungdawsouth
9http://www.rohingyablogger.com/2013/06/devastationscausedbycycloneof.html

 HlunHtinpolicepatrolinsidetheSittweMuslimvillagesandcampsdailyandgetfoodfrom MuslimIDPsandvillagers.ManyIDPsstillbecomeupsetandfrightenedwhentheysee HlunHtinpoliceasaresultofthetraumatizationfromtheApril26censusandfollowing policehunts,arrests,tortureandimprisonments. TheSittweTownshipAdministratoraskedatleastoneIDPareaMuslimsvillageandIDP campadministratortokeepapermanentdailyrecordofallforeignvisitorswiththeir name,thepurposeoftheirvisitandvehiclelicenseplatenumber. SittweMuslimVillagesandQuarterstoldtovacate ThetKaePyinVillagethreatenedwithattack ThetKaePyin(TKP)villagershavereceivedthreatsofanimpendingattackfromarmyand Rakhinevigilantes.Manyvillagerscurtailtheiractivitiesoutoffearofattack.SomeTKP villagershavemovedtoMuslimIDPbarrackcompounds.OneTKPIDPhasseenafence beingbuiltbetweenTKPIDPcampandvillage. InJune2013,IDPswhoescapedSittweKoneTanQuartersJune2012attackandtheir burninghomestonearbyAungmingalarQuarterweretoldtheyhavetomovetoIDPcamps. InMarchandApril2013,about100familiesfromAungmingalarmovedtotheIDPareas. SinceFebruary2013whentheHlaMeShweMuslimvillageadministratorwastoldthatall villagershadtomoveout,abouthalfofthevillagershavemovedtoIDPareas.TheHSM MuslimvillagershaveseenincreasefrequencyandnumbersofRakhinemovingfreelyin theirvillagemakingHSMvillagersfearfulthatRakhinearemountinganattack. ReliefHousing TheMyanmargovernmentauthoritiesinSittwehavemovedallremainingregistered MuslimIDPswhowereinofficialtentsheltersandmanyunregisteredinmakeshiftcamps intothelastbuiltofthe7barrackstemporaryhousingcompounds(JulySittweMapbelow, pinkplussigns)southwestoftheManzijunction(JulySittweMapbelow,largestblackdot). Now,thesouthwestSittweMuslimrestrictedzonehasatotalof8barrackscompounds thatweredesignedtohouseonefamily/householdperroominan8or10roombarracks building.Therearemanymorefamiliesmovedintothebarracksthantherearesingle roomhouseholddwellings.Inadditiontotheovercrowdingwithinthebuildings,the7 westernbarracksareclumpedveryclosetogether,whichworsensMuslimsIDPscapacity tocultivatetheirownfood. OnemakeshiftcampnearOhnDawGyiofIDPsfromPaukTawrefusedtomoveintothe barracks.TheseIDPsalsorefusedtomoveforCycloneMahasen.

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ReliefFood UnregisteredIDPswhoweremovedintothebarracksandwerenotreceivingfoodrelief rationscontinuetonotreceiveregularWFP/UNHCRrations. ContinuedGovernmentDenialofRelief ThemakeshiftcampofMuslimIDPsfromThanTawLihasbeenlocatedjustsoutheastof theManzijunction.ThegovernmentcontinuestoclassifythemasIDPs.Thegovernment didnotmovetheseunofficialIDPsintobarracks.AuthoritiestoldtheThanTawLi unofficialIDPsthattheycouldgetshelterbackintheirvillage.AnyMuslimsthatremained inThanTawLi,whichwasattackedJune9byHlunHtinpolice,ethnicRakhineBuddhists andmonk,havefacedfurtherattacksbyRakhine,blockadeofmarketaccesscausingsevere foodshortagesandnoprotectionbysecurityforces.ThanTawLi(JulySittweMapbelow, yellowstar)islocatedwestofdowntownSittweandnorthofNarzi.TheThanTawLiIDP campwasmadeofmostlygrasshutmakeshiftshelters.InthedaysleadinguptoCyclone MahasenaprivateInternationalNongovernmentOrganization(INGO)furnishedthiscamp withtaupelinesandbamboo.Theycontinuetobedeniedgovernmentrelief.
3Adaptedfrom

July2013SittweIDPMap10

TheGovernmentoftheRepublicoftheUnionofMyanmarMinistryofBorderAffairs(2012).Processof ResettlementandRehabilitationSlidePresentation. www.myanmarembassy.ru/download/6_Process_of_Resettlement_andRehabilitation.ppt http://www.scribd.com/doc/102010922/DiplomatsinRakine

About60SittweIDPsfamiliesfromNgeWaChaung,PaukTaw,whichhadabout170 MuslimhouseholdsandwasattackedJune12,2012,havebeendeniedIDPregistrationand relief,includingdenialofregularfoodrations. LikeIDPsfromPaukTawCityWards,NgeWaChaungattacksurvivorswhopresented soonaftertheattacktoSittweweregrantedIDPregistration.MostNgeWaChaung survivorswereunabletoescapetheirvillageforoveramonthduetoaRakhinedeadly blockadethatsurroundedtheirmosqueescapehaven.Mosteventuallyescapedfirstto anothervillageinPaukTawTownship.ThenmostofthoseeventuallymovedtoSittwe. OneNgeWaChaungIDPfamilythatarrivedinSittwe2monthsaftertheattacks,were registeredasfromThanTawLi,thereforetheyarenotconsideredIDPsandineligiblefor relief. MedicalRelief MedecinsSansFrontiereshassetupmobilemalariaclinicsinThetKaePyinandSinTeMa GyiIDPcamps.Maltezer,anothermedicalreliefINGO,hasstartedamobileclinicinOhnDa GyiIDPcampsarea. Schools BawDuPaIDPcampsmakeshiftschoolbuildingslosttheirroofsduringstormsinceMay 2013.Therefore,therehasbeennoschoolforBawDuPaIDPcampchildren. OnedayinearlyJune2013,thegovernmenteducationministerwenttotheSittweMuslim villageofBumaywithgovernmentandBuddhistteachers.TheycalledsomeRohingya students.Foronehour,thegovernmenteducationteamfilmedandphotographedwhile thegovernmentandBuddhistteachersgaveinstructiontotheRohingyastudents.Thenthe educationteamleft.TherehasbeennofurthergovernmenteducationactivityintheSittwe MuslimIDPareas. UNICEFhasbeenbuildingtwoschoolbuildingsperSittweIDPcamp.Eachbuildingcan holdmaximum100students.Thebuildingsaremadeofbamboo,i.e.consideredverypoor qualitypermanyRohingyaIDPleaders. InternationalDevelopmentinRakhine NaturalGasPipelinetoIndia InJune2013,IndianandMyanmargovernmentofficialsdiscussedconstructionofanatural gaspipelinefromoffshoreSittweRakhinesShweA2naturalgasblockthenoverlandalong theKaladanRiverbasinintoNorthEastIndia11.ThisoverlandKaladanroutehasbeen amongthethreeroutesconsidered,includingoverlandthroughBangladeshandoffshoreto Kolkata,India.12Theproposedoverlandpipelineroutemapin2006isbelow.
11http://www.clickittefaq.com/business/indiamaygetmyanmargasbypassingbangladesh/ 12http://www.earthrights.org/burmaproject/supplyandcommandnewreportexposesdeadlygasdevelopment

projectburma

The Kaladan River valley

2006IndiaPipelineProposedRouteAn897kmpipelinewouldrununderwaterfrom 14 theShwefieldstoSiteTwayTownship,followtheKaladanRivervalleythroughArakan Supply and Command andChinStates,enterintoMizoramandTripuraStatesinIndia..finallyreachingKolkata.13 SittweSpecialEconomicZone TheonlineBusinessGuideforMyanmarindicatesthataspecialeconomiczoneisunder preliminaryconstructioninSittweTownship.14InJune2013,Indiagovernmentofficials offeredtheMyanmargovernmenta150millionUS$lineofcredittodevelopaspecial economiczoneinSittwe. ConstructionbeganonupgradationofSittweporttoadeepseacargoshippingport September2010.15 13http://www.earthrights.org/burmaproject/supplyandcommandnewreportexposesdeadlygasdevelopment projectburma 14http://www.businessinasia.com/countries/myanmar3.html
15HTTP://RIBEXPEDITION.COM/EXPEDITIONS/INDEX.PHP/24BETTERTIES

InJanuary2010,largerscaledisplacementfromdowntownSittweoccurredwhen MyanmargovernmentmilitaryorderedallprivateindustriesoutofdowntownSittweand intotheindustrialzoneofSatYoeKyalocatedeastofdowntowndemarcatedbySatYoKya, akaSetrooKya,Creek.16 TheIndiangovernmenthassignedanagreementwiththeMyanmargovernmenttobuilda newupgradedSittweGeneralHospital.17Theexactlocationandwhetherhospitalservices willbepublicorprivatehaveyettobedisclosed. A 2010 report about new industrial development in Myanmar stated that Indias current project to development the Kaladan River into a cargo transportion network into North East India from Sittwe will include 29 warehouses built near the

Sittwe downtown port. Those warehouses would be completed within the period of the port construction.18

16JuntaBuildsIndustrialZoneinSittweWithoutElectricityandWater

17http://www.idsa.in/idsacomments/MyanmarsCriticalRoleinBolsteringIndiasLookEastPolicy_agupta_020212.

http://www.narinjara.com/details.asp?id=2474#sthash.FbmHnMKu.dpuf

18July20,2010NewlyEmergingIndustrialDevelopmentNodesinMyanmar:Ports,Roads,IndustrialZonesalong

EconomicCorridors.Chapter6p.202http://www.ide.go.jp/English/Publish/Download/Brc/pdf/08_chapter6.pdf

The Kaladan Project area

Approximately one million people live along the Kaladan river, the majority of who are dependent on the river for their livelihoods: as a shing-ground, a means of transport, and a source of water for irrigation and household consumption.5 Figure 1 - Kaladan Multi-Modal Transit Transport Project: the 4 Phases of construction

INDIA

MIZORAM STATE
Lawngtlai District

CH

INA
AND A IL TH

BANGLADESH

Paletwa

A
Y

CHIN STATE
Kyauktaw

Legend
Phase 1 deepsea port at Site-tway harbour Phase 2 inland waterway transport system Phase 2 port & trans-shipment terminal at Paletwa town Phase 3 highway connecting Paletwa with the Burma-India border Phase 4 Land Customs Station at Zorinpui, Lawngtlai District Phase 4 extension of Indian National Highway #54 to Burma-India border

K a l a d a n

M o v e m e n t

Kaladan Movement

O
F

A L N G B E
Ponnagyun Site-tway

Mrauk-U

ARAKAN STATE

Pauktaw

One cannot step into the same river twice: making the Kaladan Project people-centred

17

Figure 5 - Satellite imagery showing progress of Site-tway Port land reclamation29

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The dredging operation at the mouth of the Kaladan River served the dual-purpose of http://elevenmyanmar.com/business/1317twomoreindustrialzonestobeestablished providing the aggregate material used to reclaim land for the new Site-tway port as well inrakhine two industrial estates be located in waters Sittweinto and as transforming the surrounding 55will hectares of harbor a Punnakyun deepsea port with townships 14 November 2012 20:53 an eight to nine metre underwater draft to accommodate large cargo ships.30 Once completed, the new Site-tway port will be able to service ships of up to 20,000 dead weight SittweRailroadConstruction tonnage.31 In2010,MyanmargovernmentbeganconstructionoftherailroadstartingfromSittweCity southrunningwestintoSittweTownshipthennorth. The other key infrastructure being constructed at the Site-tway port is a trans-shipment terminal, including off/on-loading equipment and a complex of 29 warehouses, where PonnagyunIndustrialZone cargo from the larger ships will be shifted to smaller vessels suitable to navigate the In2012,theMyanmargovernmentannouncedtheirplantodevelop7newindustrialzones Kaladan River inland waterway transport system north to Paletwa Town in Chin State. includinginPonnagyun,RakhineState.20PonnagyunvillageinPonnegyunTownship, whichbordersSittweTownshiptothenorth,islocatedalongtheSittweKyaukTawNorth Phase 2: Development of Kaladan river inland waterway infrastructure from SiteEastIndiahighwayrouteandbesidetheKaladanRiver. tway to Paletwa Phase Two of the Kaladan project is the dredging and widening of stretches of the Kaladan River into a 160 km inland waterway transport system for cargo ships. Phase Two also
includes the construction of a port and trans-shipment terminal at Paletwa Town, as well as the manufacture of six cargo vessels which will ply the waterway between the Site-tway and Paletwa ports.32 In May 2010 the Indo-Myanmar (Burma) Multi-Sectoral Group decided to deviate from the original Detailed Project Report by shifting the terminal-point of the inland waterway transport system from Kaletwa to Paletwa. The reason for the change was that the stretch of the Kaladan River between Paletwa and Kaletwa was going to require a signicant 19Onecannotstepintothesamerivertwice:makingtheKaladanProjectpeoplecentred amount of dredging and widening for it to be navigable by cargo http://www.aippnet.org/home/images/stories/KM_Report_Eng20130612093417.pdf vessels due to the 33 34 of many shallow shoals, rapids and rocks. At the time it was stated that the 20existence http://www.newstrackindia.com/newsdetails/2012/10/03/67--Myanmar-to-set-up-seven-more-industrial-zones-.html stretch of river between Site-tway and Paletwa is naturally quite wide and deep; requiring

K a l a d a n

10
M o v e m e n t