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CD

Series

HINTS AND HELPS

FOR

LATIN ELEGIACS
LEE-WARN-ER

HENRY FROWDE

OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS WAREHOUSE

AMEN CORNER,

E.G.

L4818H
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HINTS AND HELPS

FOR

LATIN ELEGIACS
BY

H.

LEE -WARNER,
ST.

M.A.

LATE FELLOW OF

JOHN'S COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE

ASSISTANT MASTER AT RUGBY SCHOOL

AT THE CLARENDON PRESS

MDCCCLXXXV
[

All rights reserved ]

PREFACE.
THE
poetry for
object of this selection is to supply interesting English hoys in the higher forms of Public Schools. The

mistake usually made is to set boys English to turn into Latin Verse, which is quite unlike the kind of Latin that they read in ordinary selections from Ovid. boy who has gone through such a book as Taylor's Stories from Ovid in Elegiac

Verse,

is

quite at sea

when turned on

to the sentimental love-

pieces, or languid

descriptions of scenery, which form the

usual staple of a Latin Verse Exercise Book.

He

is

at

once

met by two

difficulties.

The

first
is

is

that the English does

The second not inspire him. he has hitherto read is nQt at

is

that the Latin poetry

which
it

all

in the

same

style.

Now

not contended that Ovid

is

is

the most inspiring of poets.

imitation, however, may fairly be a good mental exercise to put English into Latin Verse at all, there is no style so easy to catch as

That he

the
If

most easy of
is

assumed.

it

that of Ovid.

The stupidest of boys can learn to break up the ideas in an English couplet and to rearrange them in short Ovidian sentences, as in the panels of a triptych, 'if only
there are

any ideas in the English to begin with. The very excesses of such a style will teach boys to reflect, and they will acquire judgment by beginning Verse on so obvious
In studying Ovid they will notice that they study a system. a poet who gives to a single idea more turns and transitions
than any other Latin author. For if Ovid fails in judgment he is a master of invention, and in learning the first canons of

vi

PREFACE.
it

criticism

is

poet whose

faults

perhaps well for boys to have to deal with a and virtues they can see so clearly.
is

The

selection here offered

the result of

many

years of

experience in teaching Latin Verse by one who has never quite convinced himself that Latin Verse teaching is desirable
for all

much

that

boys in any form of a Public School. It is true that is said about the drudgery of such exercise is

based on ignorance of boy-nature. Once the metre is learnt and the learning of that is one of the incidents in reading
Latin Verse
difficult

and

if

to do prepared Latin Verses is after all no more than to write correct Latin, using the metre as a key, sufficiently helped and enlivened in the process, a boy

distinctly likes the puzzle. his eyes

Meanwhile
once
;

it

teaches

him

to

keep
:

on two things

at

it

teaches

him

orderliness

and he has the pleasant

satisfaction of feeling that

he

will

never be called upon to deal with too involved constructions. Still it must be confessed that there is always one boy at least in twenty to whom the attempt to learn metre is intoler-

For such boys the least that schoolmasters can do, so long as the system of teaching Latin Verse is maintained, is to sweeten their labours by bringing them face
able waste of time.

This is the aim of to face with interesting English poetry. The author has always found the the present selection. Prosody in the Public School Latin Primer the best and
shortest introduction to the learning of Quantity

and Metre,

and he has not attempted to rival it. He has, however, inserted a few hints to which reference is made in the pieces which are rendered into English prose, and other hints are

appended

as

need

arises.

The

renderings are intended to be

used, or not, at the choice of the teacher.

of a few, for which he

is

With the exception indebted to his friend Mr. Arthur

Sidgwick, every piece in the book has been turned by the

PREFACE.

vii

in

author himself into Latin Verse in two different ways, and doing so he has especially avoided those exceptional

usages which boys are apt to think that teachers allow to themselves though not to their pupils. This may involve a
certain

monotony, but

that

is

probably compensated by the

confidence with which rules given are accepted. The pieces selected are arranged, so far as

may

be, in

beginning with a few that are given with In such cases as, for instance, in setting English complete. the adaptation of Coleridge's Ancient Mariner which begins
order of
difficulty,

the

book

it is

intended that the teacher should

to the pupils.

first

read the

original

poem

needed

vocabulary is added at the end, including all words in the course of the exercises. Indeed for the first

half of the

book

it

will

probably be

all-sufficient,

though

it

is

not intended to supersede the ordinary dictionaries or gradus. The use of the Latin-English Dictionary ought never to be

who encourages boys

invariably
that

superseded by any English-Latin Vocabulary, and the teacher to trust wholly to such Vocabularies

damages

their Latin.

The author has

only to add

be very thankful to any person who uses the book who will point out mistakes or suggest corrections. A KEY has been provided, which will be supplied to

he

will

teachers only.

HINTS AND HELPS FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

SUBSTANTIVES.
1.

It is

common

to find the singular used for the plural,

'

the soldiery.' So eques, pedes, all names of nationalities. N.B. So too with multus, plurimus, frequens, etc. for 'many.' 2. Sometimes we find the plural for the singular, specially
e.g. Egreditur
castris miles

in personal pronouns, not only

it,

where the sense might bear

as

Induimus trepida protinus arma manu, where Ovid may be describing the experience of other exiles
meus.
besides himself, but in expressions like 'noster So too pocula, contr. pocla, for ' a cup/
3.

amor'

for

An

abstract

noun
'

is

often used for a concrete, e.g.

Simplex

nobilitas, perfida tela cave.

Fraude

perit virtus.

The

brave are defeated by treachery.'

'

So too Candida
teritas.

caesaries for

an old man/ barbaries, possinu.

Compare
Inque tuo caderet nostra senecta

4.

In the same way the concrete idea can be put

i.e.
'

for

the abstract, e.g. pollens avis, 'strong in ancestors/

in

pedigree

ademptus Hector,
B

the loss of Hector.'

HINTS AND HELPS.

5.

A relative
e.g.

clause sometimes does duty for an English

noun,

Non quo
'

sustineatur habet,

he has no support/

Vix quo progrediatur habet,

'

scarce admits of progress.'

Quod
'

voci deerat,

the failings of

my

voice/
ingratus quod potes esse
is

Hoc ipsum
'

meum

est,

your very ingratitude

6.

my

gift/

whole.

Again a part is often used conventionally for Not only therefore can we say ora rubent/ for
'

the
'

he

blushes/ but
without
'

we may

'

'

say

prora ardet/
that
it

the ship

is

on

fire/

any consideration puppis/ which is on fire.

is

'prora/

more than

So

for ship use

carina,

puppis, ratis;
ver,

mane, vesper;
particularise.
7.

for year,

aestas,

for day Aurora, autumnus; for trees

And

this rule

has been carried

'
'

still

further in the use

of special nouns
Auster, Africus,

for

general, e.g. Boreas, Notus,

Eurus,

etc., for
it is

the

wind without

realization of the

quarter from which

8. a.

blowing.

The
is

ablative of instrument,

movement

more

of speech, thought, often expressed than in English, e.g. voce

boat, pede ingreditur, aure audit.
is

vocat, carpe
b.

manu, ore

The

ablative of instrument

often treated as a personal

agent, e.g.

Dubia

librantur ab aura.

SUBSTANTIVES.
"9.

Apposition

is

common

figure of speech, often to

avoid

awkward

genitives, e.g.

Tot millia, fortes. Timidissima turba, columbae.

Genialis praeda, puellae.
Nati, pignora cara. Thalami, sua busta.

Templum, monimenta
10.

parentis.

Premitis pictos corpora Graia toros.

The

vocative can be used in place of the

nomin-

ative, e.g.

Has, hyacinthe, tenes,

'

illas,

amarante, moraris,

some

girls stop to gather hyacinths, others everlastings/

Effugit et Syrtes et te, Zanclaea Charybdi.

Not only does such use avoid words that will not enter the Elegiac rhythm, but it avoids monotony in long enumerations.

So too
Defensor
Cunis
te,
solii,

Jupiter alte, tui.

Melicerta, rapit.

Haud procul a ripis, advena Te quoque lux eadem, Turni

which
last

Thybri, tuis. soror, aede recepit,

line

occurs within three lines of an invocation

to another.

Even

in a relative clause

Quae
11.

possit crines, Phoebe, decere tuos.

The

vocative can be repeated in an invocation.

vocatives in agreement can often be separated

12.

Two

with advantage, e.g.

lam Phryx a nupta

quereris Tithone relinqui.

B 2

4
13.

HINTS AND HELPS.

The
dative often takes the place of a genitive, e.g.

Ciceroni

domus combusta, Croeso opes

periere.

This

is

specially

common

with datives of personal pronouns.

14.
e.g.

Two

substantives coupled often express one idea,

Flammis
'

et dote paterna,

the fires I got

from

my

father.'

Lusus studioque videndi,

*

for the pleasure of seeing the fun.'

Hostes insidiasque,
'

treacherous foes.'

Deos consiliumque,
'

the advice of the gods/

This
15.

is

called Hendiadys.
infinitive often takes the place

An
is

of a substantive, e.g.

Posse quidem vis

'

est,

power
'

strength/
Pati discere est,

suffering

is

learning/

Non
'

est auxilium flere,

crying

is

no good/

ADJECTIVES.
16.

The

adjective

can often be expressed by a noun

in

apposition, e.g. Proceres, fortissima corpora,

'

gallant nobles/

So too such substantives

adjectivally, e.g.

as victor, ultor, advena

used

Index

laetitiae fertur

ad astra sonus.

ADJECTIVES.
17. It
l

modest voice' can be

voce
'

can frequently be transferred. Thus a boy with either 'voce modestus' or 'modesta
corpora medii viri or media Compare Vergil's arma Volcania dei/
'
'

'

man's waist can be

'

'

'

corpora

viri/

18. It

can frequently be turned by a genitive, or a

dative of a substantive, e.g. royal grace,

19. for
'

regum
'

decor.
'

Remember
'

too such expressions as

alta

opaca locorum

shady places/
20.

maris/ for
gentile

'

deep

sea.'

The

substantival

nouns may be used as

for

adjectives,

e.g.

Classica Ibera,

Angla venustas

Iberica

or Anglica.
21. The Latins, being more southern than the English, use superlatives where we are often content with positives, e.g. the famous leader Caesar, Caesar dux clarissimus.

22. Sometimes an ablative absolute may take the place of an adjective, e.g. morning sky, caelum sole oriente. So too a preposition and its case, e.g. ' corbis de vimine/
'

a wicker basket.'
23.

For the

adjective in predication

may

often be sub-

stituted (a) a dative

of the complement,
;

e.g. ludibrio,

absurd

odio, hateful

auxilio, helpful

exitio, destructive.

Compare
Hie
laudi est,
ille

pudendus amor.

Or () a
'

preposition and
'

its

case, e.g. in facili, 'easy;' in

'

pretio, 'precious;' in prece, 'worth praying for;' in cura,

deserving care
'

sine lumine,
'

'

blind

'

sine fine,
'

'

endless
'

pro
arte,

vallis,
'

like
'

artless

a rampart in crimine, sine suspected ; ' de plebe, plebeian ; in incerto, uncertain ;

;
' '

'

sine vindice, 'defenceless;' pro portu, 'defensive;' sine

'

lite,

harmonious.'

HINTS AND HELPS.

RELATIVES.
24.

The

antecedent

is

very frequently best placed in the

relative clause, e.g.

Anna

per hanc iuro,

quam quondam
dari.

audire solebas,

Tellurem fato prosperiore

Often the relative clause precedes, e.g.

Quaeque meos
This
is

releves aestus, cantare solebat,

accipienda sinu, mobilis Aura, veni.

exceedingly

common

in

Ovid

Et rediit puero, qui fuit ante, color. Unicus est, de quo sollicitamur, honor.

PRONOUNS.
25. In emphasis or contrast always express the personal

pronoun.
26. Instead of using a personal
to repeat the substantive, e.g.

pronoun

it is

often useful

Ventum
27.
It
is

erat

ad ripas

inerant vestigia ripis.

to repeat or pronoun, already expressed implied, as

effective

sometimes

the

personal

Cur ego non

Non
So

illic

urbes,

votis blandiar ipse meis ? non tu mirabere silvas.

specially

ille,

Nunc
28.

dextra ingeminans ictus, nunc

ille sinistra.

may

singular of the personal or possessive pronoun often be expressed by the plural, e.g. Est deus in

The

nobis, says

Ovid of himself as a
flentis ocellos.

poet.

So, too,

Nostros

RELATIVES, PRONOUNS,
29.

With

the reflexive

it

is

often

more emphatic

to

add

ipse to the nominative, e.g.

Vivit et est vitae nescius ipse suae.

3O.
ject, as

The
Ut

reflexive

sometimes

refers to a case, not the sub-

vitulo

mugit sua mater,

often be expressed

or,

Vertit in auctores pondera vasta suos.

31.

The
'

possessive

may

by the

dative

of the personal.
32.

Some can

'

qui, invenies qui.

'Some
illi,

often be expressed by nescio quis, est others' is expressed in a great

alii
alii,
;

variety of ways, hi

followed by pars, e.g.

pars brachia nectit.

Hi ludunt

hos somnus habet

Or

again,

Haec implet

lento calathos e vimine nexos,

ilia

haec gremium, laxos degravat

Ilia legit calthas,
ilia

sinus.
:

huic sunt violaria curae

papavereas subsecat ungue comas. Has, hyacinthe, tenes, illas, amarante, moraris ; pars thyma, pars rorem, pars meliloton amant.

Or

again,

Sub Jove pars durat

pauci tentoria ponunt ; sunt quibus e ramis frondea facta casa est. Pars ubi pro rigidis calamos statuere columnis
;

desuper extentas imposuere togas. Invenies illic qui etc.

33. Use quisque sparingly, except with suus, e.g., fors sua cuique loco est, every place has a history/ For every 'j nullus non, the plural of omnis, nil non, quis non ? will do. I
' '

HINTS AND HELPS.

VERBS.
34. There are many verbs used intransitively in English which can only be used with a reflexive pronoun or some
part of the
'

body

in Latin, e.g.

I roll,' volvor,
I

'

fling/ jacior, or jacio

or volvo me, or volvo membra. me, or jacio artus.

'

I start,'

moveor, or moveo poema, opus.

always possible to turn an active verb into a or a passive into an active by inverting the form of passive
35. It
is

the sentence.

Thus
vicinis/

'vicinia spernit generos/ or 'generi spernuntur

ab

36. Often a factitive verb can be

'

made

out of 'do/ 'jacio/

reddo/ and a passive participle or adjective.

Thus do
'

'

vasta

'

vasto,

I lay

waste/ lassos facio

=
'

'

tire/

Obs.
'

'

Compare

do ruinam/

'

ruborem

'

etc.,

for

ruo/

rubeo/
37.

The
Quae

present

of

permanent intention

is

used

in

relative sentences,

when

in English
gifts

we have a
sent.

past, e.g.

mittit

dona

he had

Cratera antiquum, 38.

quem
is

dat Sidonia Dido.

An

English aorist
'

often to be expressed by a
'

pluperfect in Latin, e.g.

the father ended/

is

finierat genitor/

39.

perfect

infinitive
e.g.

frequently

used where we

should use only a present,

Tutius est fovisse torum, legisse

libellos.

VERBS.
40.

9
indicative can,
for

The

imperfect, aorist

and pluperfect

often be used

by a kind of poetical exaggeration

the

imperfect and pluperfect of hypothesis, e.g.

Potui dedoluisse semel,
'

could then have had

my

grief out.'
?

Nonne
41.

satis fuerat timidae inclamasse puellae

plural verb can be constructed with a singular

e.g.

nominative expressing a plural idea,

Spernebant inopes generos vicinia dives.

42. Impersonal passives of verbs chiefly intransitive are
i

very

43.

common, e.g. antiquam silvam/ The imperative can be turned in many ways (1) By the future indicative. (2) By debeo, the gerundive with sum, oportet,
e.g.

'

Itur in

'statur/ 'curritur.'

or any

mere statement of necessity,

Fortuna
(3)
x

ista ferenda tibi est.

By

fac or effice or the like with the subjunctive.

(4) Prohibitively

by

noli,

cave,

parce,
'

mitte,

desine,
'

omitte,

non

licet,

nefas,

ne with
'

perf. subjunctive, or
?
'

interrogative expression, as

quid facias

by some quis non vetat ?

N.B.
44.

Ne

videas can only

the other

mean

'lest

you

see.'
3

On

hand
e.g.
;

the Latin imperative often does

duty for a conditional,

Vive pius, moriere

Or,
Silvia,

pius cole sacra, colentem

in

mors gravis a templis

pone metus,
'

cava busta trahet.

tibi

regia nostra patebit.

'
'

45.

Our English

may/

will,'

shall/

'

'

can

express

many
to

and must be well understood before attempting turn them into Latin.
ideas

io

HINTS AND HELPS.

(1)
'

For the simple futures 'will' or 'shall' the parts of with the participle future can often be used in the active, with the gerundive in the passive. Thus,
c

sum

'

I shall perish/
1 shall
'

Sum

periturus.

be sought back,'

Sum

repetendus.

So

too,

would have done,'

Factura
fuit,

pactus nisi Jupiter esset.

Or

the future perfect.

Thus,

'You
'

will

be injured by me.'

Tu

mihi laesus

eris.

You

will

do good.'

Profueris.

Compare
Ni pro
*

se pugnet,

ademptus

erit.
is

Will/ expressing determination,

best turned

by
or

volo,

stat mihi,

certum

est,

sedet mihi.
ability

(2)

For 'can' or 'cannot' expressing

possum, valeo,
est

the

reverse, use

impersonal with the

infinitive,

nescio, nequeo, datur, contingit.

'

Thus,
cuivis contingit
ire.

Not every one can

go.'

Non

'

'

You cannot sing.' Nescis canere. You can see.' Cernere est.
active verb potest
is

N.B. With an
e.g. 'It is
'
'

possible to say'

is not used impersonally, not potest dicere,but potest dici.

(3)

May/

licet, licebit, fas,

might/ either should be used.

'

implies

permission,

when
'
!

Or

it

expresses a wish, as

May

you never whet your teeth

in proelia dentes.

Utinam nunquam

acuas.

Ne tibi sit duros acuisse Ne eveniat tibi acuere.

So, Obvius huic venias.

VERBS.

1 1

Or

it

expresses mere potentiality,

'
'

'

One may wish to know/ scire One might think/ putes. One might believe/ credideris.
For
'

velis.

(4)

should' often use debeo; 'should have un-

rolled/

Debuerant fusos evoluisse meos.

'

Must is often well turned by the Men must work and women must weep/
46.
<

'

genitive

and sum.

Viri est laborare,

uxoris

flere.

47.

Some

past participles, where the present

in

is

not in use,

and a few others are used

solitus,

an

aoristic

sense, as ratus,

and operatus,

solutus, fassus, e.g.

Percurrit telas cantu solata laborem.

On
Latin

the other
'ita

could not be expressed in but dictus/ qui dicitur, quern memorant, qui
so called

hand

'

'

vocatur.

first

48. Certain participles of neuter verbs, specially of the conjugation, are used passively, e.g. erratus, regnatus.

49.
for

The
is

figure called

zeugma where one verb does duty

two

common

in Elegiacs, as

Et celebrant largo seque diemque mero.

Thus
Vindicat orba patrem clarum patruumque potentem
of a girl

who

is

proud of her dead father and afraid of her

uncle guardian.

12

HINTS AND HELPS.

NUMEBAIiS.
50.
e.g.

The

distributive is

sometimes used for the cardinal,

lustrarat terrae

cornua trina suae.

This
used, as
'

is
'

particularly the case where the numeral adverbs are

bis

quinos
'
'

silet ille
'

dies

'

for

'

bis
'

quater deni/

forty

bis quinquageni,'

quinque/ ten one hundred/ etc.

;

'

'

PREPOSITIONS.
51.

The

preposition

is

often

omitted

after verbs

of

motion.
52.

When

it

governs two cases coupled,

it

may

be put
'

with either or both.

Thus

'

through shallows and pools

or,

be per vada perque lacus, vada perque lacus, vada lacusque, or again, per vada per lacus.

may

per

53.

'

By' expressing the agent

is

(i) often expressed

by

the dative in poetry, e.g.

4

Praeteritus Cereri nullus in orbe locus,'

'

audita parenti,' petatur Sidoniis/

(2)

'

nil tibi

factum/ dicta sorori/ Cynosura See Mr. Hallam's Fasti, Appendix e.

it

'

'

With many substantives

may be
'

treated, either as

an

agent or an instrument, in proportion as you conceive of the agent as personal or not, e.g. percutitur prora Noto,' or,
personifying the wind, a Noto.' (3) Many neuter verbs are treated as passives and take ab,
e.g.
'

Ut

solet a

magno

fluctus languescere flatu,

Sed tamen a vento qui fuit, unda tumet. Et caderet cultu cultor ab ipse suo.

PREPOSITIONS, ADVERBS, ETC.

So too cado, jaceo, but on
this cp.

13
Fasti,

Mr. Hallam's

Appendix

a.

ADVERBS.
54. (i) Adverbs and adverbial expressions are frequently
best treated as adjectives.

Thus

'

'

willingly

libens id fecit, unwillingly

'

'

invitus.'
'

So too adverbs of time

hodiernus
'

by night/
'

to-morrow/ crastinus ; to-day/ nocturnus ; aeternus, for ever

'
'

adverbs of place, eous, occiduus, medius

(between), sum-

mus, nullus
'

nowhere/

e.g.
;

Perque torum moveo brachia

nullus erat

'

of Theseus.

Concessive adverbs, 'yet' idem, 'even'

' '

ipse.

(2) Sometimes a short parenthesis expresses an adverb, as nee mora, instantly ; fit mora, slowly/ Mira quidem sed tamen acta Iqquor, 'strangely.' Quod
'

rarum
(3)

est.

Sine

me

tibi

vera

<

fateri,

actually.'
e.g. accelerante gradu,

Sometimes an ablative absolute,

Fugiunt freno non remorante
'

dies.

Notice also the expression

length.

nox,

quam longa/

in all

its

PARTICLES.
55. (i) Beginners cannot be too often reminded that -que and -ve are enclitics and can only be coupled with the second of the words they associate, except as meaning both or ' either.'
'
'

So equusque currus can not mean more than and horse cart can.
' '

'

horse and cart

'

any

often very useful to repeat que or ve, as fluminaque camposque, or fluminaque et campos.
it is

But

14
(2)

HINTS AND HELPS.

Again
in joining
first

two clauses of a sentence they should

be joined to the
I care,

word, as

clamat ubi es, quove sub axe volas?

to the

But they are often attached

couple
(a) If that

word they do not

strictly

word belongs

to both parts of the sentence,

belli.

as

Pacis eras mediusque

(Z>)

If that

word

is

a word of four syllables, specially in

e. g.

the second half of a pentameter,

Ipsa suos abscideratque comas, In gremio vultum deposuitque suum.

Credidit errores exposuitque suos.
(3)

On

the other

hand

'

and
'

'

by repeating some word,

'

e. g.

is often best represented with hair and dress torn/

Purpureos laniata sinus, laniata

capillos.

Hated by gods and men,'

invisus dis, invisus hominibus,

compare

Ungue

notata comas, ungue notata genas.

virgo, miserere mei, miserere meorum. Dat census honores, census amicitias.

(4)

Sometimes
Jupiter,
'

Juno and
56.
'

cum can be used cum love luno.

' '
'

'

with advantage,

e. g.

As
'

and

if

are often merely expressed by ap-

position, e.g.
I will

go as
if

exile/ exul ibo.

'

I will kill

him

arm-bearer/ armigerum necabo.

'

57.

Ovid

is

particularly fond of omitting

et orat

ut

'

after verbs

of petition, e.g.

Tecta suae subeat quantulacunque casae,

PARTICLES.
or,

15

et orant

Indicet.

58.
poetry.
(a)

'

'

Though

is

expressed in

many
:

ways, peculiar to

Quamvis may take

Restitit et senior
?

the indicative

quamvis onus urget.

?

() Quid quod
(c)

What though

Licet,

'it

is

allowable that/ or with futures licebit;

so

Omnia pro
or,

veris dicam, sint falsa licebit.

Sis licet immitis matrisque ferocior undis, Ut taceam, lacrimis comminuere meis. (d) The imperative is often used for a concessive clause, with or without esto preceding.

So
(e)

Vive pius, moriere.

Qui with the subjunctive can also

Sometimes
'

mean

'

though.'

(_/")

though'

is

merely implied, as
;

Forsitan, infelix, ventosque undasque timebas At tibi nave tua tutius aequor erat.

DOUBLE QUESTIONS.
59.

The usage
is

in double questions

is

The

rule

that utrum,
clause,

num, or

enclitic -ne
e.

exceedingly varied. should come

g.

with the

first

an with the second,

putarit,

Dubium nymphamne

An

scierit

Vestam.
this.

But the Latin poets vary

HINTS AND HELPS.

Sometimes the
first particle is

omitted, as

Praeteream, referamne tuum, rubicunde Priape, Dedecus ? est multi fabula parva ioci. Fratre magis, dubito, glorier anne viro.

Quaerendum
60.

est viduae fieri

malimus an orbae.

Utrum

an, whether

or, in a

not be confused with sive

sive,

double question must giving an alternative, e.g.

Sive igitur nascuntur aves, seu carmine fiunt, In thalamos venere Procae.

For

this ve

ve

is

sometimes used,

Viderit audentes forsve deusve iuvat.

'

Let him look to

it,

whoever helps, whether chance or God.'

Consequently Ovid's lines

Unaque pastorem vidisset an arva colentem Vox erat 'hac gressus ecqua puella tulit?'
are not to be imitated.

INTERJECTION".
61. Interjections are frequently used to express a sud-

den change of

feeling, e. g.

me miserum

STYLE.
62.

few remarks

may be

desirable

on the

style

peculiar to Elegiacs. The poems set as exercises in this book are chiefly narrative or descriptive pieces, not love-sonnets

or languid descriptions of scenery.

for the student to observe

Therefore

it

will

be well

into short rapidity

sentences.
effect.

breaks up his ideas Short sentences lend themselves to

how Ovid

of

In studying

Ovid a student

will

be

STYLE.
studying a poet
transitions than

17

gives to a single idea other Latin author. any

first
:

who

more turns and

Let us take rapidity

Hanc

Regnaque

videt et visam patruus velociter aufert caeruleis in sua portat equis.

repetition of the verb videt in the par'

Here observe the

ticiple visam,

implying

no sooner seen than carried

off/

Again

in
Ilia

negat

simularat
;

anum mitraque
voce
refert,
lines.

capillos

Presserat
see

instanti talia

how much
Again

is

packed into two

referoque

Nullus erat

manus iterumque retempto

;

perque torum moveo brachia

to the central idea.

nullus erat,

where nullus erat clenches the whole story by reverting

Mars
where

videt hanc, visamque cupit, potiturque cupita.

participial repetition occurs twice over.

is

Another way of expressing rapidity

conjunctions,
e. g.

the omission of

Territa voce gravi surgit dea.

Convolat omnis

Turba.

Per infestas
also

effugit ille

manus,
action, viz.

where

infestas

itself

represents
vi.

another

the attack.

Compare

Fasti

549.

63. Besides this repetition of a verb as a participle, next

observe the numberless passages where half a line or less This is evidently due to the love of antithesis. repeated.
e. g.

is

Una Ad
Ex

dies Fabios

or

ad bellum miserat omnes bellum missos perdidit una dies, Ex illis sed tamen una fuit,
fuit

illis

una, sui

germana
c

mariti.

8
or or or or or or

HINTS AND HELPS.

In thalamos
laeti,

thalamos sua busta, feruntur.

Si tibi cura mei, sit tibi cura tui.

Clamabam,

sine me,

me

sine mater abis.

Altera tela arcus, altera tela faces. Ter conata loqui, ter destitit.

or

Senem potum pota trahebat anus. Graia iuvenca venit quae te patriamque domumque lo! prohibe. Graia invenca venit. Prodat.

or
or

Cum
list is

quo sum pariter facta parente parens. Dextrae dextera iuncta meae.
inexhaustible.

The

And

in

such a

line as

Sunt

oculis tenebrae per

tantum lumen obortae run to

riot.

Addison may be
Still
'

right in seeing poetry

this

more so may
'

be

said,

when we

find ideas such as

sea

nymphs

in love kindling in spite of the surrounding

water,' or

Narcissus even after death gazing on his pretty face

in the waters of the Styx.'

64. Often too

we

find instances of

zeugma or of one

verb doing duty for two which hardly rise above the dignity Such is of a play on words.
Pariterque animaque rotisque

Expulit aurigam.
or

Hie

tenuit fontes officiumque

meum.

65. The structure of the Elegiac metre lends itself specially well to the repetition of an idea in a slightly different form.

The pentameter frequently generalizes the hexameter or makes a moral reflexion upon it.
e. g.

idea

of the

Quae me non possum

Utilior cuivis

potui sopire

draconem
est.

quam mihi

cura

mea
in

and

Puppibus egressus Latia steth exul

Felix exilium cui locus
ille fuit.

herba

STYLE.
and and and and

19

Quaerere ut absumant, absumpta requirere certant, atque ipsae vitiis sunt alimenta vices, lussa fugit, ventoque ratem committit et undis Asperior quovis aequore frater erat
;

Nunc quoque Liba

Propter

iuvant festis matralibus illam

fuit.

Rustica sedulitas gratior arte

me mota

est,

propter

me

desinat

ira,

Simque ego tristitiae causa modusque tuae. 66. The way in which ideas can be expressed differently
is infinitely

assisted

by a large assortment of negatives.

nulla quies.

Every

positive idea admits of a negative turn.

Thus, change
speaks
haste

sound as a nut
alone

know
mindful

much,
hostile

all

non silet, silentia rumpit. non mora, rumpit moras. non nux est durior. nee comes est, incomitatus. non ignore, non oblitus. non pauca, nil non. non meus, non amicus.

true
foolish

non

mentitus.

pectore captus,

non

sanus.

eat
fly

So too male,
use.

vix, sine,

pono famem. frenum non remoratur. nisi, parum, minus can be varied

in

67.

And

whilst

it

is

true that concrete expressions are

more

vivid than abstract, yet of course lines like

Omnia

luctus,

Omnia
abound.

solliciti

plena timoris erant,

In fact the writer of verses must be prepared to turn English into Latin either way.
c 2

20

HINTS AND HELPS.

Here are a few instances of suggestive phrases
:

silence

tacitus vultus.
avi.

ancestry

your safety
creation

tu sospes.

vacuo quicquid
promissa barba.
credibili fortior.
is

in

orbe

patet.

old age

too brave for belief

beginning
size

better than

end ultima primis cedunt.

corpora grandia.
factis infitiandus.

contrary to reality

under your leadership

last

te duce.

resource
pale

quod

in misero

tempore

restat.

he

is

pallor in ore sedet.

wife

and adviser

coniux consiliumque.

been treated
clearness

68. Rapidity, variety, antithesis, and concreteness have of. It remains to remind the student that

must not be abandoned

'

for

any other

quality.

This

is

tation,

specially remarkable in the treatment of direct quowhere the words said,' replied,' etc. are hardly ever
'

omitted.

Thus our English

lines,

Then
' '

splashing dashing like a fish, Oh, save me, Johnny Sands

'
!

I can't,

my

dear,

though

much
hands
'

wish

For you have

require

tied

my

no 'she

said' in the second line,

is

in the third.

In Latin this

otherwise.

At

or 'he replied' the same time

the

words of saying may be almost anywhere.

aequalis, cumulatae flore ministrae,
veni.'

Second word, as At chorus

'Persephone/ clamant, 'ad tua dona

STYLE.
At the end, as

21

Non

ego,

si

toto

mater

me

cedere caelo

lusserit, invita

matre morabor, ait

Last word but one, as

His nomen lunctis lunius,

where Concordia
is

inquit, habet,

the speaker.
'

Last but two, as

Ilia

Timorem
alumnus
erit.'

Pone! tuus sospes,

Divided, as

dixit,

Provolat in medium, et magna 'succurrite' voce 'Non est auxilium flere,' Metellus ait.
or or

'Nulla' Coronides 'causa doloris'

'

ait.

Di

'

'

que

petitorum,' dixit

salvete locorum,'

where note the position of que.

or
'

Nil opus est/

'

dixit,

certamine,'

Romulus,

'

ullo/

Similarly,
'

Perfide, pars nostri, lectule,

maior ubi

est.'

Repeated, as

At pater
'Icare,

infelix,
l

nee iam pater

'

I care

'

clamat,

clamat,' ubi es,

quove sub axe volas?'

:

Finally, of words of saying there is infinite variety sonos, talia verba refert, ait, inquit, exclamat, vox

reddit

est,

ad-

loquitur with ace., adfatur, dixit, vocat, addit dicta, cantare solebat, conclamat, orsus es ore loqui, peragit tales sonos,

voce

mea

voces eliciente

dei,

ultima verba meis, sacro quid velit ore docet,

tetigi verbis

are just a few specimens.

22

HINTS AND HELPS.

PARENTHESIS.
69.

Under

the

head of clearness perhaps

it

may

be well

to give a few instances of the uses of Parenthesis.

mora to increase the pace, or non ego falsa loquor, to give an appearance of veracity, or quod potui of reflectiveness are constant. They help to weed out of the construction verbs that might make it too involved, and at the same time to keep the
Short expressions like nee
' '

credo, memini,

speaker's personality before the reader.

Others will speak for themselves, e.g.

Matre salutata where Metanira

is

mater Metanira vocatur,

introduced in the nominative case, or

vires

Ascendo
where a sense of

animus dabat

atque

ita cerno,

effort is

thrown

in,

or
ilia

Ad
a
little

patrem mandata dabat, cuique

casus aspice

dabantur

Humanos
So too
(I

frater erat,

moral reflexion.
fide maius, facinus mirabile, absit reverentia
is
it

vero

must speak without respect of persons where truth cerned), valeant mendacia vatum, take the reader as
70.

con-

were

into confidence.

From

Parentheses

we may pass

to relative clauses.

Often

it

conduces to clearness as well as to the suspense that

its

increases interest to put the relative clause before Thus it comes more to the front, e.g. cedent.

ante-

Quos

fecit, sustulit

ipsa metus.

Unicus est de quo sollicitamur honor. Et rediit puero qui fuit ante color. Est mihi quae lanas molliat apta manus. Et qui me sequitur semper amore tui.

PARENTHESIS.
At other times the antecedent is constructed with the
clause, e.g.

23
relative

Et renovat cunctis qui

fuit

ante timor.

is

71. Sometimes the verb on which a dependent sentence hanging gets locked inside it. This is rare and should not be imitated unless the sense remains absolutely clear.

Thus
Quae
or
Fratre magis, dubito, glorier, anne viro.
fuerit nostri, si q,uaeris, regia nati.

or

Ut
In
takes

daret, effeci, tibia longa sonos.

fact all liberties

taken depend on whether the poet who them can make himself clear. Where clearness or
is

antithesis

gained by a slight rearrangement of a sentence,

such,

e.g.,

as

Sitque quod a tergo, sitque quod ante vides,

(in

which

line

quodque might be open

dives ab ipsa suis
ipsa), or

to misunderstanding,)

or

Damnis
(where suis
(where sunt
is

emphasized by

Quique
is

dati leto quique dedere fleo

omitted), a strong poet does not hesitate.

In

this

connexion compare Per ego ipsa pericula

iuro,

when

the poet by a simple device expresses the bewilderment

of the speaker.
72.

One word may be

Here

phors.

desirable on the subject of metathe beginner should be careful that in turning

an English metaphor into Latin, he use a verb capable of

being applied,
like the English, to

both

sides.

24
Similes
'

HINTS AND HELPS.

may
often be turned into
'
'

mere statements.

Thus

she grows pale, as a

73.

lily

lilies

are white, but whiter she/

to the art with

The

student's attention

must be drawn

which long English sentences are broken up into Latin Elegiacs. No doubt the original idea is that the hexameter should be
the best Elegiac poets are those that break them.

one complete sentence, and the pentameter another. But Four out

of five of Ovid's lines are so broken.

And much

of the

art

of writing Elegiac verse depends on the appreciation of this. For specimens the beginners can compare Coleridge's
'

Ancient Mariner

'

and other poems

in the original with the

English given in the early part of the exercises.

take an instance
:

We

will

When

the British warrior queen, Bleeding from' the Roman rods, Sought, with an indignant mien, Counsel of her country's gods, &c.

Here the
whole
to
it is

first

wiser to

thing to remind the pupil of is that on the make a rule of completing a sentence
'

with the completion of a couplet. when at once. get rid of

'

Thus it will be necessary The next difficulty will

This

be, as
will

boys put
little

it,

that

'

there

is

not enough English.'

prove not to be the case, even without resorting to any

arts for increasing his stock

of Ovid's

by varying

his

The first idea is that the reflexions or using negatives. Romans had crushed the Britons ; let that come in the first
line thus
:

The

Britons yield
'

woman had

led

them

the second line will be

you, oh unfeeling

her the

Romans
or
'

scourge/ or
her back

'

her

lictor, ill-treat,'

she struck with

Roman
is

rods bleeds,' or

'

what valour

is

treated

how

red

MISCELLANEOUS.
with blows,' or
'

25
;

oh Roman, thou biddest her back is red How to do the third line will of course on which of the depend suggested second lines has been are The ideas accepted. 'indignation/ and indignation
so,

with blood/ &c. &c.

expressed.
abstract
line
'

Thus 'indignant chafes her valour/ which is The fourth her face shows it/ which is concrete.

would suggest use of a hendiadys.

:

Then

the stanza

would run thus

Succubuit miles, mulier

quem

duxerat, Anglus

Tu, Romane, iubes

Indignata furit virtus; Ilia decs patrios consiliumque

sanguine terga rubent. rabida ora tumescunt

petit.

This is only one of twenty possible ways. And it will be seen that no fresh ideas have been introduced to eke out
the English of Cowper.
74. It remains to say a
tricks

word on what

may

call the

of the trade. I have already remarked on the usefulness of a transposed -que in a pentameter. A five-syllabled word is undoubtedly a godsend. Ovid did not scruple to
introduce
stories
' '

dicitur/

fama

est/

and other verbs

into

his

by way of increasing

his selection of perfect infinitives.

Deposuisse, obstupuisse, perdomuisse, deseruisse, consuluisse,

delituisse, applicuisse, incaluisse, consecuisse, impediisse,

and

evoluisse (for volvisse), exsoluisse (for solvisse) are only a few. The word Deianira proves invaluable in the Deianira Herculi.

Then

again the ablatives of abstract substantives, sedulitas,

nobilitas, credulitas, &c. are

had

in requisition.

Rare com-

paratives such as barbariora, prosperiore, uberiora are coined. Endless are the parts of quadrisyllable verbs that serve, present
participles like eripiente, desilientis; perfect active third plurals
like

conticuere

past participles like praecipitata, dissimulata,

26
insidiate

HINTS AND HELPS

STRUCTURE.

future passives second singular like comminuere ; ; subjunctives like experiamur; and a host of gerundives, e.g.
infitianda,

effugiendus, dilacerandus ; are all Adjectives like sanguinolentus, pulverulentus nearly complete the list.

inveniendus,

worthy of attention.

STRUCTURE.
should end with a dissyllable. Es and est combine with dissyllables such as ubi, mora, gelu, tuo, tibi, &c., but do not break this rule.
75.
'

The pentameter
'

'

'

Ovid

does

two cases with datives

end with Ausoniae, barbaric, posteritas, and in like funeribus and fluminibus, but this

should not be imitated.

word of a pentameter should be a verb, a subpronoun or a possessive, or an adjective used predicatively. Sometimes a word like 'novus' is put at the end for the sake of antithesis, e.g. victaque concessit prisca moneta novae.
last

The

stantive, a personal

76.

The

ablatives caeleste, bimestre,

perenne do occur

but

this is

not to be imitated.
abbreviations pocla, vincla, saecla

77.

The

may be
;

used

lenibat, mollibat, nutribat, audibat

occur in Ovid
;

isse

and

scisse are abbreviated for ivisse, scivisse

horruerunt, steterunt,

contigerunt, audierunt, vagierunt, compulerunt occur in Ovid

with twelve similar shortenings and some I-words, especially those in -ans and -ens, drop the i in the genitive plural ; so
;

caelestum.
78. It
is

well to

make a

rule of beginning verses with a

dactyl except in perhaps one verse out of six.

EXERCISES.
SKATING.

1.

Now Autumn
not

now

is

is gone, and rainy Auster; sky gloomy with cloud and

tears.

You may

see heaven,

winter will

you may learn the sun's rays; give cold and pleasure.
boats will not avail.
5

Will you cross the stream?

Step forth, and you will cross with safe foot. Would you behold strange mazes and dances?
See, the

wave

is

scribtyed with clever foot.

You
let

long for the contest,

and insanely

desire to be there?
10

an iron sole be fixed to your

foot.

Ah

too swift, your bold foot rushes on; back and head seek the ground
!

1.

rainy, pluviosus.

silio.
7. mazes, gyms, or chorea.

2. be 3.
inf.

gloomy, nigro, nigresco. you may, subj. or est with

rays, radii, lumina, ardores,

dance, chorea

8. clever, doctus, catus.

fiamma, faces.
5. boats,
i.

9. insanely,

Hints,

54.

avail,

iuvo,

10. sole, planta. 12.

prosum.
6. cross,

ground, solum, humus.

transeo, traicio, tran-

28

HINTS AND HELPS

2.

A STORM.
it

VIEW now
Below
Far
is

the winter-storm;

shrouds the air;

the cloud

whole, not broken by chinks, darkens.

change

the waves one tumult urge

white foam floats on the billows.

off the petrel tosses

on

his dripping path;

through the pool. His way lies through the waves he rises and falls in turn at ease he mocks the north wind and drives the main.
his
flutter
; ;

brood follow and

Lo

air to surpass none could to seek the 10 beat, by throwing hope high clouds. shore tribes of the their Through seagulls urge passage; as they fly, they snatch prey in the pools. [heavily;
!

above the ducks, whose height in

Against them rages the anger of the wind their weak cry laments the delay.

their

column

flies

Soon
is

the white wing is pressed beneath their bosom: rest 15 given them by the restless wave.

winter-storm, hiems. shroud,

break, dissocio.

Boreas,
'

drive, ago.

tego.
2. 3.

9. "whose

height in air.

Say

change, nulla
I.

chink, rima. 66. quies.

whose
10.

air.'

throwing, iactus.
seagull,
fulica.

waves, Hints,
5. petrel,

urge,ci&o.

u.

passage,

34.

toss, Hints, mergus. path, dripping, madidus.

cursus.
12. snatch,
perfect,
1

corripio,

use

the

limes.
6.
7.

pool, mare, lacus,

vadum.
-wind,

fiutter through, pervolito.

rises

3.

rage against, irruo.

7.

and falls,

Hints,

55.

Hints,

files heavily, conitor.

in turn, vicissim. 8. at ease, lentus.

14. cry, querella.

north wind,

15. rest is given, Hints,

35.

POR LATIN ELEGIACS.

29

3.

SPORT.
in sleep

SHEPHERDS behold a faun buried and mock

is

and shade

his cloven foot.

They approach; he
it

He
'

is seized and tied to an elm; such fun to pelt him senseless. awakes from sleep; he yawns, and stretches his leg;
!

reed and cup ? he asks. See, there lie the fragments of my cup 'wine and sleep have seized my head!'

Lo

where

'

is

my

He

tries to turn his neck laughter sounds everywhere he sees them, and prays; 'loose my bonds.' 10 'If you wish to escape freed/ they cry; promising only a song, you shall be free!
; ;

2.

mock, ludifico,

and

55,6.

6.

2.

4. it is fun, iuvat.
saxis,
'tied,'

pelt, exagi to

n.

escape, aufugio.
'

free, liber,

him, repeat the participle

26.

solutus, or

chain broken,' &c. 12. only, tantum. Use abl.abs.

30

HINTS AND HELPS

4.

HUNTING.

THE

south wind driving collects the clouds over the sky: the dogs bark through the whole wood; The earth is shaken, eager desire for the chase holds them

through

fields,
is

through
silent;

hills,

charges the loosened band.

:

The trumpet

the struggle rages deadlier

the dogs too are silent.

Now

rises;

they hold him; the shout from every mouth the banks re-echo the sound.

The maiden
'the

heard

'

it

band of men
ye hunters

will
;

the stag will soon perish in death soon return' she thinks.

Go home,

fairer spoil is within

the night

dew

falls,

go home!

2.

3. 5.

bark, latratum exerceo. chase [hunting, beasts, prey]. deadly, fatalis, dirus, cru-

8. rise, erigor.

re-echo,

conge-

mino,

55.
38.

9. heard,

delis,

rages

[burns, impends,

is

10. will return, Hints,

45.

joined].
6.

n.

hunter, iuvenis.

are silent, use perf. for pres.

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

31

5.

THE ANCIENT MABINER.

[Read from
S. T. Coleridge.]

I.

THE crowd are rushing: they cry Hymen; Hymen three men seek the new house of the bride. An ancient mariner with glaring eye and grey
;
' '

they repeat

hair

seeks and stops them with his skinny hand. There was a ship/ he cries, Let me go instantly/ says the
other.
5

drop the hand which he holds. Still with glittering eye he detains the guest; then with trembling voice tells as follows.
delay.
lets

No

He

escape from the port ; the bay receives the ship passes the kirk and passes the light-house. Soon as it reaches the open sea, the sun came out:
the

'

We

it

10

wind bursts

forth

and

drives the bark.'

i.

41.

repeat,

frequento.

9. receive, excipio.

Hymen, Hymenaeus.
3.

10. passes,

use perf.

for

pres.

glaring, torvus.
55. skinny, horrens. instantly, ocius.

kirk,

tempi um.
out,

light-house,

4.
5.

pharos.

n. came

from what?

6.
7.

No

delay, nee

mora.

12. drives, praecipito.

detain t capto, teneo.

HINTS AND HELPS

6.

THE ANCIENT MARINER.

is

II.

'

THE

ship

driven forward

loud roared the blast

southward are we driven and hurried.

And now
and
it

there

came both mist and snow,

cold.

grew wondrous

everywhere was ice; to none was shape of beast or form of man to be seen. At length through mid fog flies an albatross;
increased;
the crew

Snow

welcome
ill

it

as a god.
it

Unconscious of

round and round

flies;

and

tastes
at last

Then

food with gleeful mouth. splits the ice with a thunder

fit;

a south wind springs up behind.'

1.

forward,

protenus.

blast,

5.
7.

increased, incumbo.
albatross, ardea.

flamen, turbo, procella [wrath of blast, angry blast rages, echoes].

2.

8.

welcome, 'rejoice and greet,'

as,

southward, sub medium diem,

we, or
'

excipio.
9.

56.

in notos.
3.

the ship.'

unconscious, inscius,

imme-

came

[increase, rage].

mor.
1 1.

'

4. wondrous, 'we wonder,' or you may wonder.'

splits, it fissa.

fit [sudden].

12. springs up,

55, subsequor.

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

33

7.

THE ANCIENT MARINER.

;

III.

HE

had spoken but not the same

to

him speaking
was
stiff
?'

the complexion

was

in his face,

and
to

his hair

with
I
;

fear.

'What have you

in fear?'

do with

furies

say
slain

'why do you stand

he replies;

'the albatross

was

by

my

hand/
:

Then

at last the

breezes drop and the sails slacken

never could calm be more gloomy. The sky glared; the sun tinged with blood,
ever

more

sullen, looks
;

down on

the ship.

Nor

breath, nor motion

you might fancy painted seas carried a painted bark. 10 Water, water everywhere: nor any drop to drink.

1.

complexion
be
stiff,

[face, colour].

6.

gloomy, sullen,

tristis,

maes-

2.

dirigesco.
to

tus, ater, niger, gravis.

3.

What have you

tibi

do with ?

9. there is

no breath, &c.
' :

[Im-

Quid
4.

cum.

stand, adsto.

Est

may be

used at the end

personal Passive or seas are not moved,' or 'thou couldst see

nothing,' &c.] ii. everywhere,
see,

of either half of the pentameter

after
5.

an

elision.

wherever you

peo.

drop, langueo, consldo, torslacken, resido.

here and there, nowhere not.

34

HINTS AND HELPS

8.

THE ANCIENT MARINER.

IV.

How
I

tell

the weariness of that long life?

throats.
:

nothing anywhere : a figure of something strange is seen. With dry throat I look and with black lips; a bark I cry, comes through the sea. See

Eyes glazed: parched watch the western sky

At

last

was present nearer; forms are seen on deck; a woman and man sit at play. Dice
It
:

To
'

her red

lips

and yellow locks;

'

Well have
:

gamed

says she mocking.

;

She spoke

the darkness thickens

the stars

come out

The One

spectre bark disappears from sight.

after one by the star-dogged moon Each of my comrades cursed me with his eye. They dropt down with heavy thump lifeless Three times fifty living bodies of men.

1.

tell.

Gerundive or delib.

subj.

28.

mock, rideo, ludificor,

thicken,
nigro,

47.

2.

are glazed, storigidus. throat,

n.

incumbo,
the stars

guttur [maneo, rubeo].

4. is seen
[literally,

fio gravior.

or 'comes

13. star-dogged,

when

up,' subit, venit].

7.

follow,

chase, watch

the moon,

deck, puppis, transtra, fori.

Diana, &c.
14. curses, noto, obsecro.

8. dice, alea exercetur, fit iactu,

iacet ludenda.

10. well, egregie,

non male.

/,

thump, exammatus.
15.

casus, ruina.

lifeless.

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

9.

THE ANCIENT MARINER.

V.

the deck lie lifeless corpses alone through the sea I drift. Thousand creeping bodies live around

STRETCHED on

I live

the bodies of

my

comrades

lie

dead.
5

Scarce at length one prayer passed my lips: in a moment sleep slid into my bones.
I

awake

it

rains

the ship

moves on. The helmsman steers

the mariners

work

.the

ropes

soon our eyes behold the light-house.

10

Now

I reach the port

my

country receives

me

to vespers people go.

1. on, per. lie stretched, press, cover, foul the deck. 2.

tinus, ilicet,
8.

haud mora.
prora,

ship,

puppis,

pinus.

alone,

solus,

incomitatus,
drift,

carina, navis, ratis.

9.

nullo comite,

comitante.
driven.
is

mariners, riautae, comites

go,
5.

float,

am

turba, vis, caterva.

work, tracto,
eolligere.

prayer, prex

never used in
precantis,

expedio,
ropes,

ligo,

apto,

the sing.

nom.

Use vox
crosses,

funis,

vinculum,

Hnum,

vdtum.
is

passes, carried by.

escapes,

arma,
12.

vespers, 'evening prayers.'

6.

in a moment, continue, pro-

HINTS AND HELPS

10.

LADY CLARA VERB DE VERB.

[Read Tennyson.]

WILL not, caught by ancestry and the shadow of a great name, be added to thy list of victories, beauteous Corinna.
I
I

shall

be your

slave,

you fancy;

you

will

go

to

Rome

the

more famous;

no doubt a country heart is a good subject of mockery You lay plots and smile with false favour;
I

What though you

you
talk big;

escape your caresses and snares. are proud of a family of nobles

yet

you do not please yourself. Boast then your father's praise and ancestral name you are right to despise the commons. Your pride however is no match for mine
;

10

he

who

is

ever mindful of himself does not care

whence he

is.

Stay your wiles; I know what is lovely: I cannot perish for love of you.

Let a thousand busts adorn your

the honour of maidenly simplicity
1.

halls,
is

better.

ancestry.

Use

'ancestors'

perbio.
8.
'

(abl.
2.

without prep.).

big,

great things.' yourself,

am

added,
'

accede,

list

of

ipsa tibi.
9.

victories,
4.

triumphs, titles.' heart [love, lover], subject

to
be,

ancestral,

avltus,

patrius,

paternus.
10. despise,

[worthy
dative
('

gerundive],

or

be a mockery').
smile,

fastidio, ludifico,

sperno, contemno, ludo.

prae,

5- /<y, [weave, prepare], rideo, renldeo.

is

11. Is no match, sordet not to be counted equal.

12. mindful,
13. lovely,
'

6. caresses, oscula, blanditiae.

7.

memor.
amabilis,
pulcher.
out,' nosco.

what tho\ quid quod, family

imagines,

of nobles, a thousand family-portraits,

know,
15.

have found

am

proud, su\

busts, imagines, avi, cerae.

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

37

11.

MHiLAIS' HUGUENOTS,

'

SEE, a maiden in vain implores her lover; She longs to entwine his shoulders with safety. This is safety alone ; do thou take this pledge of love
it

is

lawful to deceive fraud with innocent fraud.'

:

Her words tremble

various sounds she utters frightened ; 5 with what trembling hand she ties the sign! The youth replies not ; with left hand he soothes his love ;
full

He knows
But as
if

of love he gazes on her countenance. the certain dangers of the night,

the cruel foes in

ambush on

the road.

10

scarce conscious of the deed, his right

hand

holds away the ribbon from his arm.

2. entwine, sidium, salus.

39.

safety, prae-

10.

Say,

'foes

and ambush,'

insidiae
utter,

5.

sounds, sonus, vox.

replies, refero [sileo].

n.
mor,

asif.

Use verb sum imme-

do, edo.
7.

inscius, ignore.

12. ribbon, serica fila.

9.

know,

66.

HINTS AND HELPS

12.

SIR GALAHAD.
it

[Fead

first

from Tennyson.]
;

MY faithful blade cleaves men's ribs my sure lance pierces their side.
Nor could
For
I

twice five

men

vie with

me

alone in strength,

wage war with heart pure of sin. The trumpet breaks on the air with shrill steel weapons rattle glancing back from
Hither and thither
fly

clang,
steel.

shivered spear-handles;

into air

man and

charger rear impatient of death.

Now
Soon

they
in

reel,

and change about,

in varied struggle

now
is

peace they ride together.

10

poured down abundance of fragrant flowers; matrons and virgin bands scatter them.

i.

My,

31.

blade,

gladius,

8.

rear,

tollor,

furoj

subsilio.

ensis, ferrum, mucro.acies. cleaves,

impatient, use sing.

9.

figo, penetro, transadigo.

3. could,

change about, vario vices.

ride,

45.
qui.

10.

equo
54.

feror,

vehor,

4. for.

Use causal

equ'to.
11. Soon,

5. shrill, argutus.

abundance,

vis,

6. rattle, sono, crepo,

do

soni-

tum.
7.

glancing back, refractus.

spear-handle, hastile.

copia. nares.

fragrant flowers, odores,

FOR LA TIN ELEGIA OS.

39

13.

THE FAITHLESS LOVERS.

tears of

So neither the

Dido

prevailed, nor all

her wrath, nor right hand clasped under adverse gods. ^Eneas, forgetful of his great love, was already spreading his sails on the Ausonian sea: Oft she said
the swift
'

Remain when her

carried

'

lover
sails

was hasting away

So too the

away daughter of Minos wept

thou,' she cries,
cleft his
'

wind

and words.

when she
'

lonely pressed her couch

on

the lonely shore

!

Whither

fliest

return, wicked Theseus

'

he treacherous

careless

way

10

Thou,

Lenaeus, broughtest help to her; not even !Evius himself lightens my cares.

i.

4.

Dido, the queen, Phoenissa. Ausonius. sea, water, waves,

7.

Minoius, adj.
return, flecto viam, revertor, sum redux.
help, comfort

9.

salt, plains. 5. hasting, pergo, pergo abire, profero, &c. [cursus praecipito],

redeo,

n.

and

help, ops,

subsidium, auxilium.

6.

See Hints,

7.

40

HINTS AND HELPS

14.

THE FORCED RECRUIT.

poem
in

[First read the

Mrs. Browning, vol.

iv.

137.]

THE

bands are gathered

a harsh law orders

all

whomsoever the law

will send, will

be a soldier.
is

At length the day has come, the legion

pride, glory, wine, inflame their heart.

prepared

They march
alas
!

the Austrian foe

against Italians, always conquered, is at the gate

!

and

rebels

<

Who

with wretched look, while the band rejoices, who holds back his foot, while the band hastens?
is

Alas he
will

an

Italian

he

is

forced into the fight

he dare to engage ? The troops meet he stands and casts down his arms
;

i<

at last,

Why

grieve

smit by a brother's sword, he falls. ? no hero is bolder than thou art

his

none can love

country better.

2.

-will,

use future of volo.

heart, mens,

4.

pride, fastus.

willing fights, &c.]. 10. engage, eonseruisse

3912. smitten,

manus,

animus, cor, pectus, iecur. 6. Austrian, Noricus.

propero, praecipito. 9. forced [driven to arms, un8. hasten,

saucius,

mortuus,

perditus.

FOR LA TIN RLE GIA CS.

15.
[See
J.

DEAR LADY DISDAIN.

xiv.

McCarthy's Novel, ch.

A girl

whose passion

is

unknown

to her father has to go to an inquest to identify a corpse which she She finds that it is that of another. believes to be that of her lover. Her father accompanies her, and she has to hide her secret from him.]

SHE saw amazed.

He had
What
is

Here now no loved one's body. escaped the danger of the sea. she to do ? Can she hide such feelings from her
its

father,

or call back her father's heart to

Is she to simulate grief

old loyalty

and hide her

a prisoner

real joy
;

by
just

silence

She stands amazed

so views the knife inactive

whom death

having threatened leaves alone.

10 in return?

Her
Is
it

heart

Hope

torn with various passion; struggles with shame.

is

wrong

to love

one who loves not

Is love forbidden

So she wonders
what a
loss
it

by duty to a father ? silently, and learns now

is

for the

first

time

to have

no mother.
;

strange light

is

before her eyes

there

is

a strange sound
15

in her ears;

she faints.

i.

am

amazed,

intremisco,
'

n. who
one

loves

ndt in return,
pledges,'

obstupesco. 3. such feelings, talia, tanta.

4.

refusing

mutual

promissum pignus.
12. duty, officium, pietas. 14.
loss,

loyalty, fides.

6.

hide,

tego,

[being
8. 9.

silent,

premo. silence with silent gaze,

damnum,

malum.

have no, careo, egeo.

15.
is,

face, &c.].

auditur [haeret]. strange,

prisoner, reus.
passion, motus.

novus.

HINTS AND HELPS

16.

THE WEATHERGLASS.
the varying fashion of the sky;

WOULD you know

what wind
will

bring heat, what cold

little

will

house such as a baby might build with cards give you signs you shall not be deceived.
:

Before the porch, on the very threshold, two guardians,

man and woman, keep the door. She neat with combed hair
and
trailing robe.

So

steps the

matron on
calls to

feast

days
10

the merry banquet. Him a coarse garment covers shaggy with hair while a cap protects his head from the storm.

when music

So walks the shepherd on the Alps

when he
If the
if

collects his

sheep in winter.
stays at

woman comes forth, the man the man steps out, the woman

home

keeps within.

i.

'Would you wish

'

to know,'

banquet, concelebro.
11.
12.

&c.
3.
art.'

Such as

is

built

by boyish
50.

garment, abolla. 'and a cap keeps

off

the
55.

rage of the wind.' See Hints,

two, see Hints,
neat, simplex,
'

5.
7.

cap, plleolus.

mundus

[habi-

tus].
8.

trail

sweeps the ground with long (agmen) of robe.'

music, tibia, cantus, tuba.

e.g. They 15,16. Turn these their own winds; he tempts the cold, she the suns, when her
:

know

husband stays within,

33.

lo.

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

43

17.

THE ENCHANTED
sick.

SHIRT.

I.

THE
and

king was
his eye

His cheek was red

was

clear

and

bright.
zest

He

ate

and drank with a kingly

and peacefully snored at night. But he said, 'I am sick:' doctors come by the he cut off their heads and sent for more.

score, 6

At

one a sage, and poor, ; the other resplendent with ring and horses
last

two came

his

own.

The poor sage said, 'You are sound as a nut.' 'Hang him up/ roared the king in a rage. The other clev'rer inspected the royal tongue, And prescribed at once the shirt of a happy man. Wide o'er the realm the couriers rode
;

10

but they say they can find no happy man. One laments his wife living, the other dead;

15

poor wished riches; rich thought they had none.

sick, suffer disease,

be affected

7.

50.

poor, use superlative.

with pain [aegroto]. 2. clear, glitter with accustomed

light, solitus,
3.

8. ring,
9.

gemma, sardonyx.
66.

consuetus.

10. 12.

sound, durus, rSbustus, hang, erect a cross.

prescribes,
54, 69.

ate

and drank, consumes

zest

bids

bring

at

wine and food,

4. sleep rises,

[more].

once,

shirt, tunica.

&c. [rectus, iustus,

medicus,

14. find, prendere. 15. dead,

cumsonitu

solito].

[taken away,

rapio,

5. doctor,

peritus.

adimo].
16. wish, cupio, volo.

score [mille].
6.

Repeat mille.

44

HINTS AND HELPS

18.

THE ENCHANTED

SHIRT.

II.

ALL
At

sides they scour;

no crossway, no bridge,

escapes notice in case they

last

may

find the shirt.

:

they came

to a village gate

a beggar lay singing there.

He

sang, and laughed, and rolled

soft grass.

on the

The weary
the greeting
'

couriers approach
is

and greet the scamp

soon returned to each.

:

This

is

our
'

man

he

replies,

I've none,'

your shirt/ they cry and roars aloud.

of

Thus

the sad

panorama

human woes

passed before the king's eyes. So out he went in the realm and toiled
in

a king's appointed way

and the people blessed him, the land was glad, and himself was well and gay.

15

From COL. HAY,

Author of
'

Little Breeches.'

1.
2.

crossway, bivium, [crepido]. escape, fallo, lateo lumina,

aloud,
11.

8.

panorama, discrimina

mille.

oculos.
3-

12. king, dux, rex, rector, tyran-

42-

nus.

4. beggar,
6.

egenus, fur.
softer

14. as

becomes a king to give

where

grass gave a

justice [iura].
15. people, sui.
1 6.

couch, torus.
8.

greeting, salus [reddo].

roar,
strepo,

be well, valeo, salute fruor

10.

fremo [ore].

solita,

consueta.

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

45

19.

NEWS FROM THE WAR.

trees

Lo,

'tis

Autumn, the

the apple in the orchard, the grape

burn yellower and redder, on the trellised vine.

Above

below too
'

the sky so calm, so transparent after rain; all calm, the farm prospers well.

All prosper, but

Come

a messenger has arrived from the war ; from the fields, father, come to the front door, mother.'
she can,
'

now

As

fast as

sjie

hurries, her steps trembling;

She does not stop to smooth her white hair or adjust her cap. She says, Ope the envelope quickly this is not our son's
;

10 writing; a strange hand writes for our son/ All swims before her eyes, she catches the man's words only Gunshot wound ; cavalry skirmish will soon be better.
*

'Grieve not
her sisters

mother/ says the daughter among the letter says brother will soon huddling round
so,
'

be better/
Alas,

poor boy! he will never be While they stand at the door he

better,
is

brave soul!

15

dead already.

1.

and

the

colours

bum:
flexilis.

6.

[tuque age, or hue propera-

[croceus, rubeo, ardeo].

2.

que],
9. envelope, paper, letter, charta, tabula, notae.

use verb,

trellised,

vine, uva.
3. rain

had

fallen

the sky

had

10. the

paper

is

marked

(char-

calmed

requiesco. 4. [quiet in the house; sub lar;

tarn noto).

u.
12.

ibusque, or sub tuto tegmine.] 5. all smiles; a quick messen-

[vix pauca, vix singula.] not serious wound [non

'

grave].
14.

ger comes.

15. in vain

no serious wound.' do they comfort, &c.

46

HINTS AND HELPS

20.

DUCHESS MAY.
vol.

I.

[Read from Mrs. Browning's Poems,

ii.

p. 54.]

THERE was
plains
;

a tower

wide the prospect spread over the

not

on

that spot

who knows

how

great the tale?

E'en

now

ruins bear wi ;ness to

its

dread

fate

in the reddening sun

how

great the .ruin stands black

;

Hither came a bride, ignorant of coming doom enters her home ; calls on thee, Hymenaeus.

Royal grace; constant eyes;

cordial

mouth
uncle

untired smile.
father,

An

orphan she claimed a Duke as a

ful
;

had a power10

he had bidden her marry his own son. In vain she pleads in vain refuses
;
:

she swears constantly to marry her

own

Paris.

i.

spread, pateo.

5.

7. 8.

coming, ven turns. royal, of kings.

untired,
rests

never departs. 9. had, 49, zeugma.

12.
face,

constantly,

const ans,

con-

on her

stanti fide, adusque.

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

47

21.

DUCHESS MAY.

II.

but our anger heavy. is light wish to arm a tiny right hand with a large will cease; passion scarce suits a maiden's beauty.'
:

'

SHE spake he bursts Your hand/ says he,

:

into sudden passion.

'

You
'

4
:

Our hand/
not

said she,

'

is

small
that

but

it

holds great wealth

seems lovely to you.' I, my dowry teeth under his he mutters, Lynceus heard;
'tis

but

'Let

life,

let

death

come

to

me,

I will

be her husband.'

Up she rose with scornful eyes. 10 Swears, calling-to- witness her father's grave 'A woman and a maid am I, gentle in nature and years; but stronger, I laugh at the strong commands of a man.'
:

3.

tiny, exiguus,

tennis,

will,

8.

husbana,

maritus,

coniux,

arbitrium, imperium.
4. beauty, decus, decor, gratia, venus.
5.

sponsus.
9. fixing the

scorn of sad coun-

tenance, fastldia.
10. grave, funus,

wealth, opes, aurum.

bustum,sepul-

crum,

47.

HINTS AND HELPS

22.

DUCHESS MAY.
feet the

III.

WITH

clattering

sound of

hoof shakes the plain

to the citadel of her chosen

husband goes the new bride. The winds redouble; Lynceus and his father pursue;

on the husband's arm

'

lies

the bride.
'

Dost thou fear ?

life

'

he says ;

I fear

not death,' says she,

'

would have been

fearful with
;

such a

man/
' '

They reached

the castle

retainers oft shout

Hymen

she strokes the weary steed with gentle hand. Then joyful she follows her lover into the castle;

worthy wife of a worthy husband.

10
;

Soon she

forgets her fears

little

forgets her threatening uncle

such love costs

price.

i.

clattering, strepltans,

quad-

6.

would have

been,

40.

rupedans.
a. citadel, arx, turres, tecta. 3-

8. stroke,

mulceo.

9. castle, arx, castra, turns.

55-

10. wife, sponsa, marita, uxor,

4. lie on,

premo, presso.
off,

coniux.
shrink
12. costs,

5. fear, beg from.

dread,

constowithabl. price,

pretium, munus.

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

49

23.

DUCHESS MAY.
;

IV.

THREE months had gone

Lynceus surrounds the

walls,

a grim man, yet valiant in arms. Alone the wife of the duke keeps up heart; the rest see that fate is at hand.

Lynceus rages
the fort
;

at her

out of his

reach while he watches

5

thus a wolf tries a guarded fold. Unconscious of danger she sits and laughs then hastes to call her attendants.
'

Deck me
first

as a future bride/ says she

so decked I will look at

bridal, methinks,

my

suitor

from the
;

wall.

10

Our

was too hurried

now

bring the gold; bring the gems.'

2.

yet,

4. be at
5.

tamen may go last word. hand, adsum, subsum.

out of

6. fold, ovile.

10. suitor, procus.

rages, saevio, furo. his reach, absens.

n.

methinks, credo.

50

HINTS AND HELPS

24.

DUCHESS MAY.

V.

the husband thus revolves his cares; think that I have brought my wife to such a death. Alas the god casts envious glances on our happiness ; the time of spring does not last a fourth month.
'

MEANWHILE

To

Not

for

me

again shall

my

brethren risk their worst;

dead myself, I will shield off more deaths. She will weep her woman's tears and pray
but hopes

made

fresh will spring in her breast,

stall
;

Bring ye the steed she stroked from his he must bear me far to-night.'

Through

the court,

and through the doors, over the high

they lead him; out from her bridal chamber comes the wife and asks the
stairs,

need.

2.

to

think that

I,

me-ne with

vita.
6. shield off , detrudo,
7.

infinitive.
3.

defendo.

cast envious glance on, obli-

weep,

49.

quis limo oculis, r5do.

happiness,

9. stable,

stabulum equinum.

commoda.
5.

12.

bridal chamber, thalamus.

worst, tanta,

ultima, mors,

need, causa, res, opus.

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

25.

DUCHESS MAY.
and clinging

VI.

THE

wife heard,

to the shoulders of

him de-

parting mingled these sad words with her smile:

'

Thou

canst not tear thyself

away

together

we

will
!

go

will follow thee,

an exiled wife of an exiled

man

4
;

Death was made

I shall press,

for

me

too

me

too will the air welcome

a familiar burden, the back of the steed.' Twice he removed her hands; twice she replaces them; into the saddle he springs; still she clings to her husband.

Then

in despair the horse

stairs

paws the

air;

up the

come

the foe; in rush the

men.

10

Then
fall

with tightened bridle, the heaving flanks of the steed backward, and riders crash down together.

i.

dinging, haerens, adhaerens,

welcomes, grator, excipio. burden, familiar, notus.

9.

horse,

sompes, quadriipes.
in.'

vincta.
5.

paw,

calce fatigo. 10. rush in or 'leap

1 1
.

6.

bridle, frenum,

habena.

sarcma, pondus, onus. 62. 7. them, 8. saddle, back.

12. crash
pito.

down, corruo, praeci-

E 2

52

HINTS AND HELPS

26.

THE RIVER ALMA.

[Sept. 20, 1854.]

THOUGH no
yet

story yet graces thy streams,

fall,

though scant in stream thy waters

with proud foot seek the sea, proudly, Alma, roll thy waves.
5

now

In truth, thy waves yesterday had no story; then thou rolledst waves only known to Getse.

Now thy name sounds in all ears for ever; the world withdrawn in its furthest corner hath heard
nations will keep eternal and deathless

it.

Two

up thy name
is

eternal in their annals

As

the

moon

the glory of thy fame. outshines lesser stars,

10

so art thou best-known

among well-known
cities,

streams.

Many
But

rivers glide

by ancestral

glorious in the sanctity of their ground. to thee all that go yield; all are poor the side of thy fame, sacred rivulet. by

15

Poem by ARCHBISHOP TRENCH.

1.

story, fabula,

n5men. graces,
lympha.

7.

honours, preserves.
2.

8.

54. for ever, withdrawn, reductus,

refusns.

'waters, fluenta, rivi,

corner, angulus, sinus.

9. two, uterque.

3. sea, recesses,

hiding-places of

annals,

fasti.

the sea.
4.
5.

12. best, use comparative.

54.
scilicet,

proudly, in truth,

yesterday,

14. sanctity, pietas, relligio. 1$. yield, decedo, cedo. be poor,

546. only,

sordeo.

tantum, non

nisi,

modo.

FOR .LATIN ELEGIACS.

53

27.

AEMINIUS AND DOROTHEA.

in

I.

[Read the story as abstracted

Lewes' Life of Goethe.]

THERE was
the
thither a

a village
;

many

a cottage clothes the banks of

Rhine

mournful band seek

exile.

They carry with them cattle and creaking wains, and what wealth a poor man carries for his use.
At the doors stand the
it

citizens, sad and thoughtful: not right to see unstirred another's losses. Whither do they fly? How dusty their shoes!
is

5,

How
Some

their faces

burn with the sun!

;

others pile up words with passion others with quaking voice tell of hearths fireless. At the Golden Lion stands the host himself:
are silent
his wife distributes

10

food and drink to the

exiles.

3.

creak,

sono, crepo,

resono,

horreo. shoe, calceus [pes].

8,

crepito.
4.

wain, plaustrum.

burn,

caleo,

flagro,

ardeo,

exiguus census, opes.

rubeo.

6. loss,

damnum,

ruina.

un-

stirred,
lus.
7.

lentus, patiens, tranquil-

9. pile up, glomero. passion, ira, furor [or adj.], 32.

10. fireless, extinguished.

be

dusty,

pulvere

sordeo,

u.

Golden Lion, [hospitium].

54

HINTS AND HELPS

28.

ARMrNTUS AND DOROTHEA.

II.

'MAY

it

be useful and lucky, I pray, what I have

seen,'

says he;

'not for nothing did I take gifts to the exiles. approached a waggon ; a woman dying was lying there a lovely girl was leading the oxen.

Soon as she saw me, she came forth from the band and with modest voice asks help. Forthwith I gave her wine and my father's toga;
and unconscious
I

What was
hair ;

I to

do?

gave all I had. I looked at her face;

looked

at

her

a kind of tremor ran through my bones. May be now for the first time has my breast

10
felt

passion;
'

do

I deserve to

be the wooer of such a maiden ?

1.

28.

8.

all

had, [promptus, par28.

2.

for nothing,
42.
6.

irritus,

temere,

atus, quicquid erat].

incassum, frustra.
modest, modestus, ' decens, simplex, [adj. with she or 'voice'].
3.
'

10. akindof,nesc.io quis, 11. passion, flame.

12. deserve,

mereo, dignor.

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

55

29.

AE.MINIUS

AND DOROTHEA.

III.

NOR more
first

does he say that word when heard by his parent a hint and awoke fears. gave
:
* :

Instantly he replies

Fool, do

you

trust love

Love

To

a poorly clad, discomfortable god. the rich is he given ; he despises a poor

is

home

he yields his

gifts to pedigrees.

You however who

are born of a poor father; what have you to do with such a god? you will be poor. In sooth god has wished ancestral property to be increased
his
'

'tis

Why
all

law that wealth should be wooed by marriage.' 10 hurl such taunts at your son ? says the mother,
'

'

have not the same

gifts.'

1.

by, use dat.

divus,

numen.
bona,
res.

2.

hint, signum. awake, concito,

6. pedigree, titulus, nobilitas.

9. property,

incutio,
'

addo

[sollicito].

be in-

3.

Instantly

54. fool, demens,

stultus,
4.

amens.

creased, augeor, cresco. 10. woo, capto, peto,

allicio.

poorly clad, sordibus usus,

[sordeo].

marriage,
11
.

Hymen.
mala
.

sordidus,

god,

dens,

taunts, convlcia, verba

56

HINTS AND HELPS

30.

ABMINIUS AND DOROTHEA.

IV.

no longer to him ; are vines pleasing ; sick at heart, he neglects his horse. He is on fire with love ; he hides himself in the orchard
IN the stable she seeks her son
here at
last

she finds and addresses him.

to

'What have you

do with tears?

You
trust

said

you wished to die for your country.

:

Give hope to your doubtful heart drop this modesty me: love is not to be won in your fashion.
right for

Tis

Do you know He only hates

Anger
is

you to sound your father's heart by what you wish? I will help you. with hasty words
:

prayers.
10

dear to a

man

dearer ever

is

his son/

2.

be

phasing, [placeo, cordi].

9.

sound, probo, tento.

help,

sick at heart, aeger.

3. 7.

10.

auxiliabor,

feremus

orchard, hortus, poma.

modesty, pudor. fashion, mos.

opem.

n.

hasty

words,

[taunts,

re-'

8.

preaches, raging words].

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

57

31.

THE BATTLE-FIELD.
sun was looking down from Olympus and shattered limbs of heroes.
itself;

THE morning

surveying the half-dead

Like thunder, had the passion of war spread

and red on
There
lies

fields the

corpses
:

lie.

the

husband

his

hand

is

lifeless

a hand,

wife, lately clasped in thine.

Now

the claws of the

crow

foul his breast

bloody beaks dive into his cheeks. Here the son of a widow rests in undeserved death

who

left

yesterday his cottage never to return.

He, his mother's sole hope, feeds the wolf; and with his flesh still quivering gives a feast.

Here too a daughter with

determined to
lift

light foot

makes her way,

1-5

the head of her loved father.

Or

over the icy

field

maddened rushes
left

to seek a lover,

who

a maid, her with other hopes.

5. lifeless, [langueo, -idus].

11

sole, solus,

unus, unicus.
certus,
[si

6. clasp,

premo, prehendo.
beak, rostrum.

14.

determined,

8. dive into, scrutor, rimor, in-

sinuo

me

in.

possit, quaerens, gestit, &c.] 16. who, &c.,non hoc pollicitus.

58

HINTS AND HELPS

32.

THE JACKDAW OF RHEIMS.

[Read with
it

I.

the Ingoldsby legend.]

THE

saints are seated

in the midst

had taken

his seat

Abbas,

himself the chief of priests and pontiffs. There is one who goes here and there among vestments and

among

the crowd,

over sacred vessels, over altar cloths, over the throne. He tastes the dishes ; looks up at his master ;

he hops everywhere, examining everything the bird The dinner is over the board is carried back by the slaves
!

the fish are

Up
he

consumed; the dessert is vanished. the come boys and hand fresh water;
from
his

rises

cushion to wash,

TO

takes off his ring, the gift of a king's bride; the jackdaw snatches it up with his beak.

1. saints, pii.

7.

2.

sacerdos

pontifex.

chief,

8.

board, mensa. nuces. dessert,

vanished,

prior.
4. cloths,

dispereo.

tegmina.
dapes.
looks

9.

hand, do,

offero,

ministro,

5. dishes, epulae,

praebeo.
10. rises

up, suspicio ore.

6.

from, desero,

destituo.

examine,

perscrutari,

per-

12. Muz/iA, rapio, corripio. beak,

quiro.

rostrum, os.

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

59

33.

THE JACKDAW OP KHEIMS.

II.

ALL

in the

rush together; they rout out everything; hubbub each seeks his own business.
;

the monks they beat and shake Abbas himself shakes his purple shoes.

They ransack

the carpets

He

treads

down

his heels;

he shakes out the toes also; the

5
is

dishes

he turns over;

that ring

hidden.

Then at last, in holy anger and like to one threatening, he devotes to death the thief whoever he shall be.
All

had heard
is

lame with drooping wing

10

soon

seen the bird once so gay. With feeble voice he bids all approach:
:

they follow

in his nest

is

seen the ring.

1.

rout out, rimor, scrutor.

excutio.
9.

2.

3.

hubbub, murmur. monks, monachus.

tread down, tero.

lame, claudus.

dish, lanx, esca posita. droop, lan-

carpet,

gueo.
10. once, [qui modo, qui fuerat, qui fuit ante, &c.]

tapete.
5.

shake out,

6o

HINTS AND HELPS

34.

RETUBN OF CAPTIVES.
fields,

AT
'

last

they near Kataro's well-known

stifling tears,

Corydon,
I seek

broke silence thus,

Up, Tela,

sister

mine, seek thy white

home
5
'

my

garden and
vines?
I

my
?

vineyard dear.

Who
who

ties the

fain

would know,
the soil
?

plucks the grapes

who owns

He enters, and lo! his aged mother cuts her tresses, hangs them on vine stocks, vows for his return.
See

how

the vines she moistens with her tears,

10

hear for his safety how she pours the prayer, O Corydon, son beloved, my golden apple, how long with hot tears must I mourn thy absence
'

woe worth

the

day and yet more

for

my

daughter,

Tela, loved one,

when
'

wilt

thou return?'

greeting he, God help thee, poor bereaved one, 15 will no one spare thine age and tend thy vines?'

Whom

i.

at

length they have

pass.).

come
et

9. moistens, irr5ro, irrigo, rigo.

through (use impers.

4.

tear, lacrima, fletus.

10.

[ad

violasque,

hortus

[trembling

voice

many

uva.]
6.

[cuius ager?

quis domina-

prayers, plurima vota.] 11. dearer than gold.

12.

tur?]
7.

must I mourn,
morae;

[flendus eris,

[in palmite.]

illacrimare, fates bid

14. tenuere

me

weep.]

8.

[sad vows.]

reditura.

FOR LA TIN ELEGIA CS.

61

35.

THE GYPSY.
city to city
'

SEE an old woman wandering from

with black skin, matted hair, naked

feet.

Powerful in every
she
tells

art,

prescient of the future

boys and girls what is coming. If you give an as, she will scan your palm ; she will unravel what each mark means.

Are you a merchant ? what gain will she predict or do you cultivate the ground ? what a harvest will be yours Are you a soldier, and wish to learn the future ?
!

you

will

be a famous general after a short time, says she.

riches.

10

mothers a progeny, and to maids she gives husbands surpassing in beauty and

To

Such her w ords, her promises but do not whether thou art mother or maid, I pray.
r

believe,

She gives thee not wealth, merchant trust thy to do act to soldier, good thy country, not for
;

toil

15

thyself.

1.

[miserable,

alone,

through
of

cities.]
2.

merchant, mercator, 7. a g]- gain, quaestus.

10. famous, fama digrms.
insignis,

[rem
clams,

matted, squalidus, ace.

respect.
3. scia.]
5.

[praenuntia, praesaga, praescan, servitor.

n.

10.

13. promise, promitto, polliceor,

6.

unravel,

expedio.

mark,

nota.

43. spondeo, spem addo. 60. 14. whether, 1 6. do good, prosum, consulo.

62

HINTS AND HELPS

36.

THE FRIENDS.
!

HARK from
a nymph,
a hero

the

mead

what sounds of woe and pain

may be, or a serpent moans. No moan of nymph that, or serpent's cry;

lies

in mortal agony.
' :

To whom Mauducius
In answer
' '
'

Brother,
'

whence thy woe ?

'

Ilius,

Wounded am
he
;

I to death.'
;

I bring help,' says

see, I

endure thy wounds

make a bed

to soothe thy pain/

'Nay, friend, 'tis vain, aid not, nor make but bear me to my mother, to my home.
Let her lave

my

bed,
10

my wounds

the loved one

make my

bed, in

let

my ravings; my sister give me

othtr says,
*

drink

when
is

thirsty.'
;

The
let
'

My home

near

let

my

mother see to
drink/
15

thy wounds my loved one

make

thy bed

my

sister give thee

Nay, friend, no stranger hand heals wounds, gives drink/ He spake and yielded up his soul to God.

2.

[sive

qua

nympha
and

anne
dies

soothe, qui sublevet,

70.

draco?]
4.

n.
soil lies

rave, furo.

on this

a
to

13. see to, euro, sano, inspicio.

hero.
8.

15. stranger,

alienus, exteraus,

support, sublevo, raulceo.

extents, ignotus.

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

63

37.

THE WINNING OP

CADIZ.

I.

proud Spaniards advanced to conquer us, our threatening country with fire and sword ;
the

LONG had

often preparing their navy

most sumptuous,
5

with

all

the provision that Spain could afford.

To the seas presently went our lord admiral, with knights courageous and captains full good; the Earl of Essex, a prosperous general,
with

him prepared

to pass the salt flood.

At Plymouth speedily took they ships valiantly, braver ships never were seen under sail
:

10
:

with their fair colours spread, and streamers o'er their head

now, bragging Spaniards, take heed of your

tail.

Unto Cadiz cunningly came we most happily

where the king's navy did secretly hide
;

being upon their backs, piercing their butts of sack, ere that the Spaniards our coming descried.

15

THOS. DELONY, 1586.

1.

when

into

our

fields

the

10. specie nobiliore,

splendida

Spaniard (Hispanus) carried war. 2. sword, manus.

3.
4.

mole

[or

exclamation,
streamers,

What
signa,

beauty!]

navy,

fleet

and men.
provi-

u.
vexilla.

colours,

treasury did prepare

sion, gaza, opes.

to the seas; the noble hero their leader ; see hint.

5.

our

men go

go,

plague take the hindmost; men, occupet scabies extremum. 13. in cunning they seek Gades;
12.

6.

nobles, nobilitas, together,

fortune favoured.
14. here lies the (tberus) fleet 20. in its haven,
15.

comes.
a

once honoured by land triumph. 10.

7.

you

too,

no delay
;

the casks are

8.

[per freta salsa,] [reach harbour,

pierced
ships.]

dolium, cadus.

9.

mount

HINTS AND HELPS

38.

THE WINNING OF
the crying, running,

CADIZ.

II.

GREAT was
which
their

and riding
at that place
:

at that

season was

made

beacons were

fired as

needs was required:

to hide their great treasure they

had

little

space.

There you might see the ships, how they were fired fast, and how the men drowned themselves in the sea;
there

you may hear them

cry,

wail,

and weep

piteously,

when as they saw no shift to escape thence away. The Earl of Essex most valiant and hardy,
with horsemen and footmen marched toward the town
the enemies which
;
i

did fly for their Now/ quoth the noble Earl,

'

saw them, full greatly affrighted, safeguard, and durst not come down.
'

courage,

my

soldiers all
:

Fight and be valiant, and spoil you shall have and well rewarded all, from the great to the small;

15

But look

that the

women and

children

you save/ THOS. DELONY, 1586.

1.

use verbs rather than sub55.

9.

one most brave.

footmen, the horsemen,

stantives.
2.

10. the

so great a city, such a time.

beacons, torches, taedae, faces.
[that place

3.

eques,pedes,sing.[separateclauses]. 11. at the sight the enemy fly;

4.

does not hold;

who can
5.

hide so

much

alarmed go. 12. the bands through the gates

how,

[literal,

or

separate

and seek safeguard.

14. 15.

clauses, or ace. inf. after videas].

6.
7.

be quick,

my

men.
;

drown, praecipito.
fletus,

[munera carpunt

vilesque

gemitus, querella. 8. no help nor flight of death

ducesque.]
16. girls

and boys, mothers and

[new sentence].

children

safety, salus.

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

65

39.

THE

WINT$nN"G OF CADIZ.
sight,

III.

THE

Spaniards at that

saw 'twas

in vain to fight,

hung up their flags of truce, yielding we marched in presently, decking the

the

town

walls

on high
5

with our English colours which purchased renown. Ent'ring the houses then, and of the richest men,
for gold

and treasure we searched each day

places

in

some

we

did find pie baking in the oven,

meat

at the fire roasting,

and men ran away.

Full of rich merchandize, each shop

we

did see,
10

damask and

satins

and

velvet full fair,

their

which soldiers measure out by the length of of all commodities each one hath a share.

swords;

Thus Cadiz was

marched
there

taken,

to the market-place, there

and our brave general he did stand

good account were took and mercy they found. many craved mercy, THOS. DELONY, 1586.

many

prisoners of

-15

1.

[pugnare valebant, vis tanta

[significant,

the

fire

[torreo,

34].
for

negatur.]
2.

8.

pies

prepared

others

dant signa. yield,

[crusta].
9.

cedere,
3.

do manus.] no delay walls draped with

;

[taberna, merx.]

10. not

more was

there in thy

English (Britannus) colours:

4.

20.

houses, oh Damascus.

10 [seriea

renown
joy

accompanies

the

gaza, purpura vestis.]

English colours.
5.

n.
together the
Lar,
at

measure, met or.

to bring

13. Gades.
14. in the

booty. 6. the houses yield stores.

middle of the forum.

16.

[constitit, progreditur.]

domus, penetrale. 7. which is already roasting

15. nobles, gallant bodies,

16.

66 [vanae preces].

66

HINTS AND HELPS

40.

THE HUNTER.

out and o'er hedge and field rush and huntsmen, all hard at his brush. hounds, horses, him at view length, and they have him at bay, They and by scent or by view cheat a long tedious day.

NEXT Reynard's turned

Alike born for sports in the field or the course he's sure to run thorough a staunch and fleet horse, and when fairly run down the fox yields up his breath
the high mettled racer is in at the death. At length old and feeble, trudging early and late

bowl'd

down by

diseases he bends to his fate

10

blind, old, lean

and
till

or draws sand,

he tugs round the mill the sand of his hour-glass stands

feeble
lifeless,

still.

And now

exposed to the view in the very same cart which he yesterday drew, while a pitying crowd his sad relics surrounds
the high mettled racer
is

cold and

15

sold to the hounds.

DIBDIN.

1.

hedge, sepes, septum,

and,

8.-

slower than none.

66.

repeat the preposition.

2.

9.

overcome by disease and age,

rush, impers. verb,

[cauda

fngit].
3.

[aevum, annis, senectus]. 11. whether he tugs round a

mill,
12.

bay, impediunt viam, cingitur

molam

torqueo. blind,

23.

corona.
4. cheat, decipio, fallo.
6.

with failing strength. 13. at length even in a cart,

plaustrum.
14. (in his turn

thorough, ad extrenram [non

ghost, aura vitalis.

superatur].
7.

drawing

it), is

he had he drawn,

just

been

69.

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

41.

67
I.

THE CID AND THE LEPER.

has ta'en some twenty gentlemen, along with him to go, he to Saint James for he will pay that ancient vow

HE

doth owe,
to Compostella,

the

where the shrine doth by the altar stand, good Rodrigo de Bivar is riding through the land,
goes,
;

where'er he

much alms he
him they
pray,

throws,

to

feeble

folk
5

and poor
beside the
for,
r

w ay,

for

him

blessings to procure

God and Mary

Mother, their heavenly grace to win

his joy therein.

his

hand was ever bountiful; great was

And
in

there in middle of the path a leper did appear : a deep slough the leper lay; to help, none would

come
though from out

near,

10

earnestly to
this

cry, 'For God our Saviour's sake, fearful jeopardy a Christian brother take

them did

'

When

Roderick heard

that

piteous

word, he

from

his

came down; for all they said no stay he made, he reached his hand to pluck him
horse
account,

that noble
forth,

champion,

of fear was

no
15

then mounting on his steed of worth, and

made

the leper

mount.
1.

J.

G. LOCKHART.

himself the twentieth R6-

7.

Mater Maria.
they say,

dricus, or use
2.

two

clauses.

8. so,

may

thy hand

pay, solvo, persolvo, luo. Saint, Divus.

3.

be kind.
9.

leper, qui squalet, horret sor-

he

goes

to

Compostella.

dibus,
12. help, levo
13.
14.
15.
;

be near, iungor, tango.

4.

brother,

6.

rides, pervehitur, lustro equo.

land, pagi, prata, rura, agri.

5.

alms, munera,
blessings,

sera,

nummi.

come down, descendo. he makes no stay, not he. no account, non cura.

6.

omnia

fausta.

68
42.

HINTS AND HELPS

THE OLD AND THE LEPER.

II.

they came, he

BEHIND him rode the leprous man ; when to their hostelrie made him eat with him at table cheerfully;

While all the rest from that poor guest with loathing shrunk away, to his own bed the wretch he led, beside him there he lay.
All at the mid-hour of the night, while

good Rodrigo

slept,

a breath

came from

the leper which through his shoulders

6

crept ; right through the body,

by the

heart, passed forth that breathin terrors manifold.

ing cold
I

wot he leaped up with a

groped
for

start,

He

through the

him in the bed, but him he could not find, dark chamber groped he, with sore and anxious
10

mind;
loudly he
lifted

up his voice, with speed a lamp was brought, yet nowhere was the leper seen, though far and near they sought. He turned him to his chamber, God wot perplexed sore with that which had befallen when lo his face before,
!
!

there stood a

man
'

all

Thus

said

the
?

vision,

clothed in vesture shining white ; 15 Sleepest thou, or wakest thou,

'

Sir

Knight

J.

G. LOCKHART.

1.

they
share,
57.

had come
fort.

(use

the

8.

'soon

may you

see/

'who

impers. pass.} to the

2.

participo.

invite,

could say with what.' 9. he moves his hands.

10.

voco.
3.

he was nowhere,
blames,

54.

'with fear

of,'

or 'and fear

n.

culpo, increpo, in-

disease.'
4.

crepito.
13. then

[audeo, dignor, non dubito.]

back again, nor does

he a
I

night, and 6. a breath freezes the bones.

5. it
7.

was

he

know what, &c.

14. then sees
8.

man

standing,

a cold breathing freezes his

63.

heart,

15.

some one,

know-not-who.

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

69

43.
'

THE CID AND THE LEPER.

'

III.

SLEEP not/ quoth Rodrigo, but tell for in the midst of darkness, much light
I

me who
is

art thou,
'

on thy brow

I
I

am am

the holy Lazarus, I the

come

to

speak with thee;

same poor

leper thou savedst for charity.

Not vain

God

favours

the trial nor in vain thy victory hath been, 5 thee, for that my pain thou didst relieve

yestreen,

there shall be

honour with

thee, in battle

and

in peace,

success in

all

thy doings, and

beautiful increase.

Strong enemies shall not prevail thy greatness to .undo ; Christians and thy name shall make men's cheeks full pale

Moslems too

10

a death of honour shalt thou die, such grace to thee is given, thy soul shall part victoriously, and be received in heaven.'

When

he these gracious words had said, the spirit vanished quite, Rodrigo rose and knelt him down he knelt till morning
light
:

Unto the heavenly Father, and Mary Mother dear, 15 He made his prayer right humbly, till dawned the morning clear.
J.

G. LOCKHART.

i.

who and whence ?

10.

45.

for
'

prae, motus.

12. 'stars

Moslems, barbaries. await soul,' or 'thy

/a/[patior].wV&ry,[triumlet there
'

soul victorious disappears into the

stars.'

pho, laboro],
7.

be peace,

let there

14.

[matutinae

preces,

con-

be war,' or
8.

at

home and

abroad.'

tinuat

noctem diemque.]

66.

HINTS AND HELPS

44.

DEATH OF

ADOIVIS.

STRETCHED on
weep, Queen

the

ground the wounded hunter

lies;

Why
from

of Beauty, weep, he bleeds, he dies. did he venturous the wild chase explore

his

Adonis hears not;

dark den to rouse the shaggy boar life's last drops fall slow

in streams of purple

down

those limbs of snow;

from

cheek the fading roses fly and dewy mist obscures that radiant eye. His faithful dogs bewail their master slain
his pale

and mourning wood nymphs pour a

fill

plaintive strain.

with flowers, with rosy wreaths his bed; Haste, strew with fresh flowers our loved Adonis' head ;

round
let

his pale corpse

each breathing perfume strew

their

while

weeping myrtles pour Venus grieves and Cupids round deplore and mourn her beauty and her love no more.
:

balmy dew

2.

take to tears, Venus [eo in,

6. purple dashes snow, [distin-

non teneo].
3.

guo].
7.

z'//-//w^,importunus. coverts,

take

lilies

in

exchange

for

latebrae, lustra.
4.

roses [muto].
10.
15.

rouse, exagito.

Drjades howl, [exululo],

Am5res.war,prope,propter.

5 . not hearing, immemor, [fallo] .

FOR LA TIN ELE GIA CS.

45.

TO MAZZINI.
is

As Genoa from

the waves

seen to stand,

a marble giant hewn from arid strand; thus whilst the ages rock in storm-tossed night, thou standest firm in solitary might.

Whence, still a dreamer, scarce to life awake, of old Columbus saw the new world break;
to thee with Gracchus' heart

and Dante's eye

grave,
10

dawned through the gloaming a third Italy. With eye of faith, thou called' st her from the
the dead thou
left'st

to

bury

their

dead brave.
;

To-day, grey

exile,

lift

that smileless face

heaven's frowns or smiles there never scored their trace

and

think, thou truest

is

Knight of the sang

real,

the real

never realler than the ideal.

From G, CARDUCCI.

1.

2.

Genua. waves [siipinus]. a giant acts sentinel to, servat

ages, saecula.

9.

n.
idea.

thou didst see; and white hair, abst. for concrete

3.

gigas.
3.

4. stand, press the

ground.

evil,

6.
7.

Columbus.
thence
to
thee,

be good, let it be of thou art calm. 13. thou who followest faith
12. let fate

who

sur-

in its flight,
14. real, gravis.

passest Gracchi in courage.

72

HINTS AND HELPS

46.

TOM BOWLINQ.
poor

HERE, a sheer hulk,

our crew
;

lies

Tom

Bowling, the darling of

for death has

no more he'll hear the tempest howling, him to.

His form was of the manliest beauty,
soft;
faithful

broached

his heart

was kind and

below he did his duty, but now he's gone aloft. 4 never from his word departed, his virtues were so rare ; his friends were many and true-hearted, his Poll was kind and

Tom

fair,

and then he'd sing so and oft

!

blithe

and

jolly,

ah,

many's the time

is

But mirth Yet

shall

is

turned to melancholy, for

Tom

gone

aloft.

8
all

poor

Tom

find pleasant weather,

when He who

commands,
shall give, to call life's

crew together, the word to pipe

tars dispatches, in vain

all

hands.

10

Thus
for

death,

who

kings and
;

Tom's
aloft.

life

has doffed
his

though

body's under hatches, his soul

is

gone

C. DIBDIN.

1.
'

sheer

hulk,
'

'mere

'

timber,'

7.

why
&c.

tell

of

'

or

'

nor less his

useless log,'
'

wood and nought

23.

voice,'
8.

else.'
2.

mirth,
10.

Sec.

69.

death
is

is

to you a port,'

9. yet, olim,

quondam.
fata,

or

'

land

made.'

n.

Death, 'mors,

3.

66.

Libitma, Proserpina.
12. hatches [alveus].

FOR LA TIN ELE GIA CS.

73

47.
['

OTTJMBA.
v. 4.]

Conquest of Mexico,'

LIKE the rising

wave of Ocean, when the sudden

sea,

blast

is
it

strong,

and sweeps the face of the foaming

and hurries

along,

so rose that host in vengeance, for they see the coming foe and the billows of the warrior bands are moving to and fro

and loud the shout of triumph

for the

rose, like
is

Ocean's angry roar,

prey they waited for

come

and vengeance
for
ill

is

in 6

store.

Back shrank
eye

the Spaniards, pale

and awed,

can mortal

Behold

at first the

awful sight that

summons him

to die.

Back shrank
is
'

the Spaniards, pale

and awed

but Cortes' voice

loud

And

fear ye, then, ye sons of Spain,

yon

vast

and

slavish

crowd ?

10

and have ye then forgot the foes ye trampled 'neath your feet ? or, seek ye mercy from their hands, or safety in retreat ?
let him who will return and flee, despair of hope and life him who would trust their faith, await the altar and the knife

but

all

who

follow fame or me, descend to yonder plain,

in St. lago's
7-

15

and charge
1.
2.

name

for victory
10.

and

Spain.'

blast,

'my

columns,'

agmen

hurries, rapio, praeripio, ago,

roars, boo.
II. trampled, proculco.
*

praecipito.
3.

in vengeance, ultor,

16.
72.

12.

where

is

hope of

flight?

4.

move, aestuo,

ftuo, fluito,

13. return orflight,

55.
*

will,

6. the prey comes, they cry; the 62. prey comes ready,
7.

45.
14.

him who,
10.

70,

nought

the Spaniard, Hispanus,

i,

but the knife awaits.'

16. lacobus,

69.

74

HINTS AND HELPS

48.

DEATH OF DON PEDRO.

clasping,

I.

HENRY and King Pedro

hold in straining arms each other; tugging hard and closely grasping,
brother proves his strength with brother.

Harmless pastime, sport

fraternal,
strife
;

blend not thus their limbs in

either aims, with rage infernal,

naked dagger, sharpened

Close

knife.

Don Henry grapples Pedro, Pedro holds Don Henry strait,

and mortal
hate.

10

breathing, this triumphant fury,

that, despair

Sole spectator of the struggle, stands Don Henry's page afar,

in the chase

who
his

bore his bugle,

and who bore

sword

in war.

1. 2. 6. 3.

the king holds Henricus. Henry presses the king, 55,

8.

'the right hand,'

'

the

left.'

9. grapples, stringo, presso.

11. the former, ille.

[immisceo manus manibus,

lacesso.]

12. the latter, hie [spes cadit]. 13.

14.

pugnam
4. the
5.

two brothers, uterque. here no sport no play.

;

15.

'one is present.' a page, puer. 'he had carried his bugle,

6. [simulo, simulacra.]

while* [lituus].

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

75

49.

DEATH OP DON PEDRO.

they go in deadly wrestle,

II.

DOWN

down upon the earth they go, fierce King Pedro has the vantage, stout Don Henry falls below.
Marking then the fatal up the page of Henry
by the waist he caught
crisis, 5

ran,

Don

Pedro,

aiding thus the fallen man: King to place or to depose him,

dwelleth not in

my

desire,

10

but the duty which he owes him to his master pays the squire.

Now Don Henry

now King Pedro
instant finds
its

lies

has the upmost, beneath:

.

in his heart his brother's poniard

15

bloody sheath.

1.

2.

'so again, so oft they fall.' 'the earth cannot reconcile.'

ance.'
9.

[non dignor, non

qui.]

meum

est,

Pedro, Petrus. 4. 'bites the earth,'

3.
5.

sum minor quam

8.

10. to set up, constituo.

39.

discnmen, periclum. 6 with quickening steps,' inwithout delay,' stantly,' 54.

crisis,
'

n.

'

[debita exsolvo.] 12. nor a truant do I refuse help

<

[fugitivus].
15.

7.

waist,
'

mid body,

17.
assist-

(no

need
69.

of

that

other

8.

and gives help and

sheath,)

76

HINTS AND HELPS

50.

PLIGHT OF THE MOORS FROM GRANADA.

THERE was crying in Granada when the sun was going down; some calling on the Trinity some calling on Mahoun. Here passed away the Koran there in the Cross was borne

And

here was heard the Christian bell

and there the Moorish

:

horn:

Te Deum Laudamus was up the Alcala sung down from the Alhambra's minarets were all the
!

crescents

flung
the

arms thereon of Arragon they with Castile's display; one King comes in in triumph one weeping goes away. Thus cried the weeper, while his hands his old white beard
did tear, 10 'Farewell, farewell, Granada! thou city without peer! Woe, woe, thou pride of Heathendom seven hundred years
!

and more
have gone since first the faithful thy royal sceptre bore Thou wert the happy mother of a high renowned race within thee dwelt a haughty line that now go from their place within thee fearless knights did dwell, who fought with mickle
!

glee the enemies of proud Castile

15

the

bane of Christentie

'
!

sunset ; crying in the banished

n. how many hundred

have gone by.
12. since, ex quo. 14. thee.

years

city.
2.

the

utrique
3.

two sides their own God suum numen.

my

fathers

once inhabited

4.
5.

Koran, liber. bell, campana. trumpet, tuba.

Alcala,

15. dwell, incSlo.

1

Mons

sacer.

6.

Castile,

regnum.

Queen

6.
turris.
7.

crescents,

signa.

minaret,
Castile,

Isabella and king Ferdinand commonly called the kings. Christentie,

of Arragon

and

crux.

Reges.

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

77

51.

FLIGHT OF THE MOORS FKOM GBANADA.

n.

FOR here did valour flourish, and deeds of warlike might ennobled lordly palaces in which was our delight. The gardens of thy Vega, its fields and blooming bowers Woe woe I see their beauty gone and scattered all their
! !

'

flowers

No

reverence can he claim

lost

the

King

that such a land hath

5
;

on charger never can he ride, nor be heard among the host but in some dark and dismal place, where none his face may
see,

there,

Thus spake Granada's king

weeping and lamenting, alone that King should be.' as he was riding to the sea,
10

about to cross Gibraltar's Strait away to Barbary:

thus he in heaviness of soul unto his Queen did cry (He had stopped and ta'en her in his arms, for together they did fly.)
'

Unhappy King
reply) to leave behind
for the

whose craven

soul can brook

'

(she 'gan
!

'

Granada

Now
for

love I
to leave

who hast not heart to die bore thy youth, thee gladly could I
15

slay

what

is life

when such a crown

'

is

cast

away

2.

ennoble,

spargo

nobilitate,

10. while

flying to the Syrtes

illustro.
3.

and the

strait

of Hercules.

Vega, a sloping valley [su-

12. [corripio.]

pinus].
4. gone, pereo, depereo.
5.

13. brook, dignor. 14. to-think-that-thou

couldest

reverence, obsequium.
?
'

'Who

not die! tene.

15. I loved thee
of,
;

will give
6.

in

token therethee.

should not dare to give orders to a charger, nor to men.

I
7.

pignus in appos. to sentence,

16. I

would gladly slay

[latebrae, recessus.]

HINTS AND HELPS

52.

THE QUADROON
slaver in the broad

GIRL.
Lagoon
moon,

I.

THE
lay

moored with
for the

idle sail;

he waited

for the rising

and

evening gale. Under the shore his boat was

tied,

and

all

her

listless

crew,
alligator slide

watched the gray

into the
still

bayou.
TO

Odors of orange-flowers, and spice, reached them from time to time,

like airs that breathe

from Paradise

upon a world of

crime.

The

Planter, under his roof of thatch,

smoked

thoughtfully

and slow;
the latch,

the Slaver's

thumb was on

he seemed in haste to go.

H. W. LONGFELLOW.

see

2.

[no breeze
'

you not? Lagoon, Lacuna. fills, what delay

till

9.

oranges, aurea

p5ma.
eopia.

10. odors,

narum

holds.]
3.

11. world, mille figurae.

waits

the

moon

shine.'

12. Paradise, Elysium.

4. till

the evening's breeze

move
17.

13.

the planter,

colSnus,

[fri-

the bark.
6. listless, [otiatero
7.

gus capio].
vana],
14. smokes,

fumum

vomit.
magister.

alligator,
'

8.

monstrum praterise. they watch where he goes

not.'

15.
'

Slaver,

nauta,

[aversis gradibus].
1

and care

6.

impatient of delay.'

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

79

53.

THE QUADROON
said,

GIRL.

II.

HE
in

'My

ship at anchor rides

yonder broad lagoon;

rising of the

I only wait the evening tides,

and the

moon.'
5

Before them, with her face upraised, in timid attitude,

like

one half curious, half amazed,

a Quadroon maiden stood.

Her eyes were large and full of light, her arms and neck were bare; no garment she wore, save a kirtle bright,
and her own long raven hair. 'The soil is barren, the farm
the thoughtful Planter said;
is

10

old/

then looked upon the Slaver's gold and then upon the maid.

15

H. W. LONGFELLOW.

1.

2.

' an anchor holds my ship.' where the lagoon meets the

10.

hope and
kirtle,'

fear tossed

her

breast.
ii.

sea.
'

zona.

garment,
her hair

3.

evening,

vespertinus'

or

amictus.
12. save
(ni)

'dumae.'
5.
6.

where

Libyca de matre. her modest forehead was

'

covers her cheeks.

full

13. old, senesco.

14. so says he,
*

of fear.
7. half,

while he medi-

alternans

or

'

miranti

tates

with himself.'

similis similisque timenti.'

8o

HINTS AND HELPS

54.

THE VICTOR'S RETURN.

AMIDST the gloom of silent night a war-like sound now advances,

the winds waft
it
it

hither in their flight,

seems the clash of lances.

heart
is

My
it

sad, but not with

fear
:

throbs with hope while I listen they tramp in time to the music I hear; their torch-lighted lances glisten.

How many
like

thousand hearts

now

beat
10

mine with fond expectation,

they doubt, they fear, they hope to greet

the friends that guard their nation.

The
they
their

come with laurels crowned, come with trophies of glory; coursers bound and their trumpets resound;
heroes
shall record their story.

15

our bards

2.

'

what sound advances

?'

7.

'do you hear,

or;'

[conso-

4.

'so spear

sounds colliding

nus].
10. [anxietas.]

with spear.'
6. throb, trepido, [nescio quis].

FOR LA TIN ELEGIA CS.

55.

THE WHITE

SHIP.

I.

butcher of Rouen, poor Berold, by none but me can the tale be told. 'Twas a royal train put forth to sea
:

THE

yet the tale can be told by none but me. King Henry held it as life's whole gain,
that after his death his son should reign.

The
Of

times had changed since on either coast

clerkly

Harry was

all

his boast.

ruthless strokes full

many an one
10

he had struck to crown himself and son; and his elder brother's eyes were gone.

And when
But
all

to the chase his court

would crowd

the poor flung ploughshares

on

his road.

the chiefs of the English land

15

had knelt and kissed the prince's hand. And next with his son he sailed to France
to claim the

Norman

allegiance.

'Twas sworn and sealed, and the day had come when the king and the prince might journey home.
ROSSETTI.

gives

Rouen, Ruta. meat-market, me gain, macellum.

fabula [facta],

lines [ambitione tvimeo, saevio]. 12. chase, venatus [exerceo, fre-

2. tale,

quento].
13. ploughshares,

praepono, malo quam vitam, miro propero amore.] 6. reign, sceptra gero, teneo ;
5. [vitae

vomes.
3.

14. chiefs, nobilitas,

lish,

Eng-

Anglus,
14,

20.

regno.
7.

Put
Latin
19.

15,

16,

17 into two

once he was gentler.

[scripta Hbrique.] n, will go into

lines.

8.

[Redux.]

9. TO,

two Latin

HINTS AND HELPS

56.

THE WHITE

SHIP.

II.

STOUT Fitz-Stephen came to the king, a pilot famous in seafaring; and he held to the king in all men's sight,

mark of gold for his tribute's right. 'Liege Lord! my father guided the ship, from whose boat your father's foot did slip
a

when he caught

the English soil in his grip.

He
and

was borne
thither

to the

realm you rule o'er now,

in that ship with the archer carved at her

I'll

prow

bear, an'
his

it

be

my

due,
too.

your

father's

son and

grandson

white ship is mine in the bay; from Harfleur's harbour she sails to-day,

The famed

with masts fair-pennoned as Norman spears, and with fifty well-tried mariners.'

Quoth
but
I'll

the king,

'

My

ships are chosen each one,

not say nay to Stephen's son.

My

shall cross the

son and daughter and fellowship water in the White Ship.'

ROSSETTI.

1.

2.

Fitz-Stephen, Filius Stephani. 66.

13. she sails,

left

(the
<

3. all men,

knights and

common

39.
14.
'

people,
4.

sight.

Use

verb.

you will soon have wind blows favourable), Leave out Harfleur. each mast has a pennon
;

mark,

stips.

you might think you saw,

etc.,'

5. 6, 7, in

9.

two Latin lines. whose figure-head holds an

arrow [sculpta figura].

10. due, debita, iusta.
11
.

or as the masts their pennons, so our spearshafts hold theirs.' pennon, signum. spearshaft, hastile. 16, 17, 18, 19, may be done in

grandson, natus

nati,

nepos,

two Latin

verses.

progenies.

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

83

57.

THE WHITE
set sail

SHIP.

III.

THE

king

with the eve's south wind,

his

the prince

and

all

remain behind.

With noble knights and with ladies fair, with courtiers and sailors gathered there, three hundred living souls we were, And I Berold was the meanest hind
:

in

all

that train to the Prince assigned.

Prince was a lawless, shameless youth ; from his father's loins he sprang without ruth.

The

And now
let

he

cried,

'Bring wine from below;

10

the sailors revel ere yet they row.

Our speed shall o'ertake my father's flight, though we sail from the harbour at midnight.' The rowers made good cheer without check;
the night

was

light

and they danced on the deck.

15

But

at midnight's stroke they cleared the bay,

and the White Ship furrowed the watery way.

ROSSETTI.

[littora foveo,

3, 4, 5, to

amo.] be done in two Latin

revel, luxurio, luxuria frui.

12. speed [remis velisque].

lines.
5. souls,
7.

14.

good

cheer, indulgeo Genio,

corpora viva.

inflor laccho.

66.

15. deck, trabes.

84

HINTS AND HELPS

58.

THE WHITE
were
set

SHIP.

IV.

THE

sails

and the oars kept tune

to the double flight of the ship and the moon. Swifter and swifter the White Ship sped, Till she flew as the spirit flies from the dead.

As
like

white as a

lily

glimmered
'

she,

a ship's fair ghost upon the sea. And the Prince cried, Friends, 'tis the hour to sing Is a songbird's course so swift on the wing?'

From brown
the knights

throats, white throats,

merry and

strong,
10

and the

ladies -raised a song.

A
An

song, nay a shriek that rent the sky,

of three hundred living that

as the ship's keel
felt

now must

die.

instant shriek that sprang to the

shock

the sunken rock.

15

'Tis said that afar, a shrill strange sigh, the king's ships heard it and knew not why.

ROSSETTI.

1. set 2.

[tumeo].
[celero

n. 'what do
viam
pariter,
instantis].

I say?'

flight
vias].

14. shriek [nuntia mortis, necis

aequo
5.

72.
'

15.

knew

not

why

[triste

per
qui

6. ghost, species falsa, vana.

8.

no song-bird

flies swifter.'

augurium eo, ducor, ign5ro sit et unde sonus].

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

59.

THE WHITE

SHIP.

V.

A A

MOMENT the pilot's senses spin; then he loosed the boat, and the youth leapt few friends leapt with him, standing near;

in.

'Row!
'

the sea's smooth,

'What! none

to be saved, but these

and the night is clear/ and I?'

All here

Row, row,

as

you 'd

live

must die/

Put on the churn of the choking ship

they struck with the strained oars' flash and dip. 'Twas then o'er the splitting bulwarks' brim the Prince's sister screamed to him.

He

gazed aloft, still rowing apace, and through the whirled surf he knew her To the toppling decks clave one and all,

face.

as a fly cleaves to a
I

chamber

wall.

prayed for myself and quaked with fear; But I saw his eyes as he looked at her.
ROSSETTI.

i.

spin [menteinper omnia ver-

7.

churn
apace

[turbo],

spuma.

cfiok-

sat,
3.

non

scit

quid denique

tentetj.

ing,

premor, sido.
,

near, propter.

n.
'
!

vi,

omnibus remis.

4.
5.

row, utor remis. how few are here

'

14. cleaves,

coeo cum, haereo,

69.

[quo-

[teneo pede.]
15.

tus]. Call the prince lulus.

[quod

potui], see

86

HINTS AND HELPS

60.

THE WHITE
face

SHIP.

VI.

HE

knows her
*

and he heard her

!

cry,
die.'

And he said, Put back she must not And back with the current's force they
like

reel,

a leaf that's drawn to a water wheel.

O'er the naked keel as she best might slide

the sister toiled to the brother's side.

He
and

reached an oar to her from below

stiffened his

arms

to clutch her so.

But now from the ship some spied the boat, and 'saved* was the cry from many a throat.

And down
it

to the boat they leapt and turned as a bucket turns in a well.

fell

The

Prince that was and the king to

come

there in an instant went to his

God only knows where his but I saw him die for his sister's sake.

doom. soul did wake

ROSSETTI.

2.

put

back, verto remos.

she,

do

rigida.

etc., 'lest

she

die,'

or 'death must

10. [via salutis 12. bucket, vas.

fit,

adest.]

be kept
3.

off.'

-well,

puteus.

reel [the

ship sucks in the

boat], resorbeo.
5-

65.
stiffen,

Prince, filius regis. 15. soul woke, 'spirit went.' ' 1 6. dies that she may live.'
13.

8.

lenta

rigore

teneo,

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

87

61.

THE WHITE

SHIP.

VII.

WITH
the

prayers in vain and curses in vain,

White Ship sundered on the mid main. And what were men and what was a ship

The

were toys and splinters in the sea's grip. ship was gone and the crowd was gone,

and the deep shuddered and the moon shone. And in a straight grasp my arms did span
the mainyard rent from the mast where
it

ran;

and on

it

with

me was

another man.
sea sky,
10

Where lands were none 'neath the dim we told our names, that man and I.
'Oh, I am Godefroy de 1'Aigle hight, and son I am to a belted Knight/

'And I am Berold, the butcher's son, who slays the beasts in Rouen town.'
'

15
'
:

Oh,

farewell, friend, for I

can no more
his

Christ take thee/ I

moaned; and

life

was

o'er.

ROSSETTI.

i.

prayers,
were.

curses

[Superi,

n.

de

T Aigle, 'an

eagle

is

my

Acheron],
3.

Use

plup.,

38.

father's crest,' insigne. 12. a belt, zona, marks

my father

4. toy
7,

[ludibrium]. 8, 9, to be two Latin verses. mainyard, antenna.

66.

as a knight. 68. 14.

15.
16.
'

'

To him

I.'

Rouen, Ruta.
use better
fates.'

another,

88

HINTS AND HELPS

62.

THE WHITE

SHIP.

VIII.

AT

like

the morning rose on the sea, an angel's wing that beat towards me. Sore numbed I was in my sheepskin coat
last

hung and might nothing note, till I woke sun-warmed in a fisher's boat. The sun was high o'er the eastern brim as I praised God and gave thanks to Him. That day I told my tale to a priest, who charged me keep it in mine own breast.
half dead I

We

spoke with the king's high chamberlain,

and he wept and mourned again and again as if his own son had been slain.

And who so bold that which now they knew

At
last the

might

tell

the thing

to their lord the king?

king heard the sad news said; King Henry fell as a man struck dead.
Full

many an hour bids kings to smile; but this king never smiled again.
ROSSETTI.

2. as if it brings a message from heaven [nuntioj. 3, 4, 5. to make two Latin lines.

'

what
10,

I suffered.'

u,

12. to

make two Latin

had been

lines.

3.

sheepskin coat, pellis, pellis

14.

'the tale which

bidentis.
5.

sun-warmed, apricus. fisher s

'

' long known,' or what the people frightened were muttering.'

[alienus].
8. priest, vates.

17.
tale,
fata,'

smile

[frons

laeta,

risus],

or

[genio fruor, in risus ora solve].

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

89

63,

THE WRECK OF THE HESPERUS.

'

I.

IT was the schooner

'

Hesperus
his
little

that sailed the wintry sea,

(and
1

the skipper

to bear

had taken him company.

daughter

Blue were her eyes as the fairy flax, her cheeks like the dawn of day,

and her bosom white as the hawthorn buds

that
f
i

ope

in the

Down came

the

month of May. storm and smote amain

;

the vessel in her strength

she shuddered and paused like a frighted steed, then leaped her cable's length.
'

Come

hither

come

hither

my

little

daughter,
10

and do not tremble so:

for I

can weather the roughest gale

that ever

wind did blow.'

her

He wrapped

warm

in his

seaman's coat

against the stinging blast; he cut a rope from a broken spar, and bound her to the mast.

15

H. W. LONGFELLOW.

his,

26.
lini,

ii. gale [Zephyri, Boreas, Eurus,

3.
5. 8.

flax, glauca seges

buds,

66.

gemma.
leave out

Notus]. 12. can

dabit

[non curae
erit

erit,

non

leap, salio, salto;

metum, non

pavori].

cables length.
JO.

13. coat, abolla.

tremble,

concipio

metus,

15. rope, funis, retinaciila.

tremo.

9o

HINTS AND HELPS

64.

THE WRECK OF THE HESPERUS.

fast,

II.

AND

through the midnight dark and drear,

through the whistling sleet and snow, like a sheeted ghost, the vessel swept towards the reef of Norman's Woe.

To

the rocks

and breakers

right

ahead

she drifted, a dreary wreck, and a whooping billow swept the crew
like icicles

from her deck.

10

She struck where the white and fleecy waves

look soft as carded wool; but the cruel rocks, they gored her side like the horns of an angry bull.

At day-break on

the bleak sea-beach

a fisherman stood aghast, to see the form of a maiden

fair

lashed close to a drifting mast. The salt sea was frozen on her breast,
the salt tears in her eyes;
16

and he saw her

hair, like the

brown sea-weed,
H. W. LONGFELLOW.

on

the billows

fall

and

rise.

I.

darkness; rough night.

sheeted,

6.

wreck, naufragium.
so falls an
icicle, stiria,

3.

cano tegmine,
Woe,
'

cinc-

8.

69.

tus, circumdatus.
4.

10. wool, vellera.

Normals
perished.'

where the

13.
1 6.

fisherman, piscator.
fall

men
5.

and rise,

itque reditque.

ahead, adversus, oppositus.

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

91

65.

HART LEAP WELL.

THE

knight had ridden down from Wensley Moor, with the slow motion of a summer's cloud,
vassal's door,
'
!

and now as he approached a

1

Bring forth another horse

he cried aloud.
5
;

Joy

sparkled in the prancing courser's eyes:

the horse

and horseman are a happy pair

but though Sir Walter like a falcon flies, there is a doleful silence in the air.

Where The
Sir
f

the throng, the tumult of the race ? bugles that so joyfully were blown? This chase, it looks not like an earthly chase
is

10
:

Walter and the Hart are

toils

left

alone,
side
;

The poor Hart

I will
will I

along the
tell

mountain
he
fled,

not stop to

how

far

(nor
1
f

mention by what death he died;

the Knight beholds

but

now

him

lying dead,
;

Dismounting, then, he leaned against a thorn

I
f I

he had no follower, dog, nor man, nor boy; he neither cracked his whip, nor blew his horn,
but gazed upon the spoil with silent joy.

15

WORDSWORTH.

I.

4. quis 6.

supero de vertice mentis. mihi ducet equum ?

8.

he goes quick
[persono.]

all else silent.

10.

man

rejoices in horse,

and

12.

you might imagine a man

horse in man.
7.

to be hunting a ghost, [sollicito,

fatigo.]

the hoof shakes the plain.

92

HINTS AND HELPS

66.

THE LAST MINSTREL.

long, the wind was was infirm and old
;

THE way was

the Minstrel
his withered

cold,

cheek and tresses grey

seemed

to have

known

a better day;

the harp, his sole remaining joy, was carried by an orphan boy.

The last of all the bards was who sang of Border chivalry;
for,

he,

well a day!

their date

was

fled,

his tuneful brethren all

were dead;
at rest.

and

he, neglected

and oppressed,

wished to be with them and

No more on
he carolled

dancing palfrey borne,

light as lark at

morn;

no longer courted and

caressed,

high placed in hall a welcome guest, he poured, to lord and lady gay,
the unpremeditated lay.

SIR

W.

SCOTT.

2.

minstrel, vates. weak, tremu-

ii.' the prey of a foreign tyrant.'

12. 'to

lus, invalidus.

enjoy rest?

quies, re-

4.

bear witness
[avi],

to,

testificor.

quies.
13.

day
5.
7.

4.

no more, non iam.

harp, chelys, testudo, lyra. ' alone of once so many

date,

14. lark, alauda.

17.

no lords or

ladies

await
in-

minstrels.'
9.

him.
tempera.
brothers
1 8.

while he sings [indoctus,

10. tuneful brethren,

compositus].

and harp.

Repeat verb.

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

93

67.

MY

MISTRESS COMMANDING RETURN HER LETTERS.

you
shall kiss those

ME TO
hands

Go

then, blest papers!

that gave

you freedom but hold me in bands; which with a touch did give you life; but I,
because
I

may
if

not touch those hands, must die.

they

Methinks, as

knew

they should be sent

home

to their native soil

from banishment,

like dying saints that know I see them smile, they are to leave this earth and toward heaven go.

When you and mine,

each
first

line

your sovereign, gave you courteous entertain received a tear, and then a kiss
I
:

return, pray tell

10

that, it scaped unscorched from because your hand had been there, but 'cause it was not now, I shed a tear.

bathed in
it

this

I kissed

Though

I love in vain, yet

these be powerful arguments to prove must I ever love.

15

THOMAS CAREW.
a smile

1.

papers, tabula, tabella.

'

kiss,

7.

sits

on thy

face,

[tango].
2.

8.

heaven, Elysium.

gives
'life is

me

chains.'

9.

on return, regressus, redux.

denied by that hand by which? unde. 4. I may not touch her who
3.

10. entertain, hospitium. u. 'Did I not give tears?'

touched thee,
45.
5.

39.

may not, neks,,

12. using the one as fomentation (fomenta), you are not scorched by the others [caleo].
13. because,

Methinks;

scilicet.

nam.
absum, vaco.

6.

banishment,

exilium,

tot

14. -was not,

taedia.

15. prove,

arguo [vanus].

94
68.

HINTS AND HELPS

THE GLOVE AND THE LIONS.

sport,

the nobles

court; the benches round, the ladies by their side, and 'mongst them Count de Lorge, with one he hoped to make his bride. 4 The bloody foam above the bars came whizzing through the air;
filled
'

KING Francis was a hearty king, and loved a royal and one day, as his lions strove, sat looking on the

said Francis then, ' there

!

Good gentlemen,

we're better here than

De Lorge's love o'erheard the king, a beauteous, lively dame, with smiling lips and sharp bright eyes, which always seemed
the

same
'

she thought,

The Count, my

lover, is as

brave as brave can

9

be;

he surely would do desperate things to show this love of me! Kings, ladies, lovers, all look on; the chance is wondrous fine; I'll drop my glove to prove his love great glory will be mine She dropped her glove to prove his love then looked on him
'

and smiled he bowed and in a moment leaped among the lions wild: the leap was quick; return was quick; he soon regained
;

his
15

place;
face
1 ! '

then threw the glove, but not with love, right in the lady's

In

truth*!

cried Francis,
sat
:

'

rightly

done

'
!

and he rose from

'
!

where he
*

No
2.

'

love/ quoth he,

but vanity, sets love a task like that

LEIGH HUNT.
lion,

leo,

lea.

looker on,

[podium].
6.
8.

auspex, arbiter,
ellum].

court,

cavea [du-

[nonne placet ? iste locus.] always seemed [gratia ficta,

3. by their side, comes. the verb.

Repeat

fixa].
9.

M0$/,reputo,mecumvolvo,

4.

Lorgius.

one he hoped, &c.,

[sanies],

66.
12. glove [manicae].

sponsa.
5.

foam, spuma

bars

13.

him,

26.

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

69.

95
I.

VOW OP KEDUAN.
King

THUS
*

said, before his lords, the

to

Reduan

'Tis easy to get words deeds get we as we can rememberest thou the feast at which I heard thee saying,
:

'twere easy in one night to

'

make me Lord

of Jaen
said

Well

in

my
!

mind

hold the valiant

shall

vow was

shower upon thy head ; but bid a long farewell, if now thou shrink from doing, to bower and bonnibell, thy feasting and thy wooing
fulfil
it,

boy

and gold

'

10

A thousand sabres bring

1

I have forgot the oath, if such I e'er did plight but needs there plighted troth to make a soldier fight

'

we'll see

how we may
'

thrive.'

One thousand
have
'

'
!

quoth the King ;

trow thou shalt

five

13
(
(

They passed the Elvira-gate, with banners all displayed, they passed in mickle state, a noble cavalcade ;
what proud and pawing horses, what comely cavaliers, what bravery of targets, what glittering of spears
!

4
\
(

What

caftans blue

and

scarlet

what turbans pleached

r5 )
(

of green;

what waving of their crescents and plumages between ; what buskins and what stirrups what rowels chased in
gold!

16 I
j

What handsome gentlemen

bold!
Redunus,
easy,
8.

what buoyant hearts and

'nor do I remember, nor do
'fortune
'

(
1.

9.

2.

promptum,

in

prompto,

I refuse.'

in facili.
3.

n.
teneo

will

follow

the

remember,
ex animo].
'

animo
say.
rich.

brave.'
12.

[effluo
4.

I will give five thousands.'

Ahena

will fall,'

you

13. Elvira-gate, porta Toleda.

15. caftan, mitra.
scarlet,

6.
7.
8.

perform; you shall be

shrink, renuo.
feasting^
deliciae,

pur-

pureus.
luxuria,
16.

turban,

tiara.

what

bold, quantus.

dapes.

96

HINTS AND HELPS

70.

VOW OP REDUAN.

II.

IT was a heavy sight but most for Reduan he sighed, as well he might, ere thus his speech began, O Jaen had I known how high thy bulwarks stand, my tongue had not outgone the prowess of my hand.
: '
!

But since, in hasty cheer, I did my promise plight, (what well might cost a year) to win thee in a night, I would my soldiers the pledge demands the paying. brave we.re half as sure of Jaen as I am of my grave
!

'

My penitence comes late my death lags not behind I yield me up to fate, since hope I may not find 'With that he turned him round; 'Now blow your
' ;

trumpets high But every spearman frowned, and dark was every eye.
!'
I

But when he was aware that they would fain retreat, he spurred his bright bay mare I wot her pace was
fleet;
(

14
(

he rides beneath the walls, and shakes aloof his lance, and to the Christians calls, if any will advance ?

15
I

With that an arrow flew from o'er the battlement young Reduan it slew, sheer through the breast it went; he fell upon the green Farewell, my gallant bay 'this was when seen, broke all the Moor array. soon, Right
' !

i.

most, tristissimus.

Reduan,

JLhena belong to
12.

my
5.

men.

noster.
4.

the

men mutter low and

spurs,
side ?'

[audeo, profiteer esse.]

press their lips,

13.

6. [stat capiendus.] ' 7. Repeat I will pay.' pledged,

spur up, submitto.

Is

calcaria.

reus.
8.

pay vow, vota

death
is

solvo.

14. cries,

any at

my

sure to

me

so

may

16. [salutat

equum.]

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

97

71.

MARMIOW.

(vi.

34.)

BUT
more
in
/

as they left the darkening heath,

desperate grew the

strife

of death.

The English
front,

shafts in volleys hailed,

their horse assailed
:

headlong charge
flank,

and

rear, the
circle

squadrons sweep,
deep,

< to
I

break the Scottish

that fought

around

their king.

But

yet,

though thick the

shafts as

though charging knights

like

snow, whirlwinds go,

though bill-men ply the ghastly blow, unbroken was the ring;
J the stubborn spearsmen
1 their
still

made good

dark impenetrable wood,

J
I

each stepping where his comrade stood the instant that he fell.

No

thought was there of dastard

flight;

linked in the serried phalanx tight,

groom fought
as fearlessly

like noble, squire like knight,

and

well.

SIR
1.

WALTER

SCOTT.

2.

heath, campus. grew, exardesco, cresco with

10. unbroken, indomitus.

11
.

vinci

nescius,

comparative, strife, furor. 3. hail, turbine glomeror, grandinis instar ruo.

4.
6.

hastile, I

shoot of a tree

2.

spear-shaft.
13.

no thought of

flight,

nor to

headlong [praecipito].

yield to death.
14. 15.

[turma tegit regem, milite

septus rex.]
7.

one love, one faith, 'with no distinction?

[varia conditione.]

dis-

snow [nivea

procella.]

crimen.
16.

9. bill, securis.

98

HINTS AND HELPS

72.

LAY OP THE IMPRISONED HUNTSMAN.

MY hawk
my my
and
idle
is

tired of

perch and hood,

his stall,

greyhound
is

loathes his food,

horse
I

weary of
I

am

sick of captive thrall.

I wish I

were as

have been,

hunting the hart in forests green

with bended

bow and bloodhound

life

free,

for that's the

is

meet

for me.

I hate to learn the

ebbing time

from yon
or

dull steeple's
it

mark

as the

drowsy chime, sunbeams crawl,

inch after inch, along the wall. The lark was wont my matins ring, the sable rook my vespers sing:
these towers, although a king's they be, have not a hall of joy for me.

SIR

WALTER

SCOTT.

1.

Repeat taedet. perch, sedes.

greyhound, umber,
loathes,

6. as before,
7.

and follow

hares.

hood, cucullus.
2.

[Quam
me,

8.

iuvat, quantus amor.] nostri mores, modi.

fastidio.
3.

10. steeple, turris.

drowsy, lan-

[otia stabuli, ignavia tecti.]

guidus.
14.
15. 10, sing,

4.
5.

would

[conclusus carcere.] that I could slay the

domonitus.

a king's, regius.

deer.

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

99

73.

LORD ULLIN'S DAUGHTER.

THE boat hath left a stormy land, a stormy sea before her, when oh too strong for human hand
!

the tempest gathered o'er her

And

still

they rowed amidst the roar

fast prevailing
;

of waters

Lord Ullin reached that fatal shore his wrath was changed to wailing: for sore dismayed, through storm and shade,
his child

he did discover!

one
1

lovely

hand was

stretched for aid,

lover.
'
!

and one was round her

Come back

come back

he cried in

grief,

'

across the stormy water

I'll forgive

and

my

daughter

your Highland Chief, oh my daughter

'
!

CAMPBELL.

left,

destituo, desero. stormy,

10. 11.

[corpora cara.]

turgidus.
2.

hand

[sinistra
.

dextra, dex-

stormy.
' '

3.
5.

Use comparative. Alas, weak hand of men Threats of waves and mur'
!

tra

sinistra]

12. lover, procus, suus,

14. danger, pericla.

amans.

murs of sea increase.' 6. rower fights in

'

vain,' nauta.

15. Highland, hostibus, peioribus ortus.

9-

63-

loo

HINTS AND HELPS

74.

THE PALMER.
some
pity to

OPEN

the door,

show

keen blows the northern wind!

The

glen

is

white with the drifted snow,

is

and the path

hard to

find.

No

outlaw seeks your castle gate,

state

from chasing the king's deer, though even an outlaw's wretched

might claim compassion here. A weary palmer worn and weak,
I

wander

for

my

sin;

O, open, a pilgrim's blessing win

for our Lady's sake!

!

The

hare

is

crouching in her form,

the hart beside the hind:

an aged man, amid the storm, no shelter can I find.

15

1.

open, recludo, resero vincla.

'

7.

And

yet I

had

heard.'

pity, misereor, pius

2.

sum.

8.

wind, Boreas.

[tanta relligione.] 10. 'to cleanse former sins, I

'

3. drift,

compulsus agger, coto

wander.'
ii.
let S.

actus.
4.

Mary be

witness.'

hard

find

[fallit,

latet

pedem].
5.

12. a pilgrim saved will be a 67. greater glory to you,

13. hare, lepus.
14. hart, cervus.

6.

my

outlaw, exul, exlex. no king's deer hath fallen by hand.

form, fovea.
hind, cerva.

covert, latebrae, thalamus.

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

101

75.

BATTLE OP

IVB.Y.

I.

OH how our hearts were beating, when at the dawn of day, we saw the army of the League drawn out in long array
!

with

all its

priest-led citizens

and

all its

rebel peers,
;

and Appenzel's

stout infantry,

and Egmont's Flemish spears

there rode the brood of false Lorraine, the curses of our land

and dark Mayenne was in the midst, a truncheon in his hand and as we looked on them, we thought of Seine's empurpled
:

flood

and good Coligny's hoary hair all dabbled with his blood and we cried unto the living God, who rules the fate of war,
;

to fight for

The King

is

His own holy name, and Henry of Navarre. come to marshal us, in all his armour drest,

10

and he has bound a snow-white plume upon his gallant He looked upon his people, and a tear was in his eye
;

crest.

he looked upon the traitors and his glance was stern and high. Right graciously he smiled on us, as rolled from wing to wing

down

all

our
'
!

line a

'

deafening shout,

God

save our

Lord

the
16

King

MACAULAY.

1.

'

'Tis

mom

what alarm holds

us.'
2.

7. Ah, how oft does red Sequa10. mis come up to our minds
!

League,

socii.

8.
9.

4.

Appetizers, Helveticus. Fie-

We

Coltgny, senex. pray God to fight,

57.
'

mis A, Belgicus.
5.

10.

Henry of Navarre,

pious

Lorraine was cousin of the

'

king.'
12. crest, iuba.
14. traitors, infidi, falsi. 16.

king,
6.

sure brood of a false father.'

Mayenne, dux.

truncheon,

sceptrum.

68.

102

HINTS AND HELPS

76.

BATTLE OP IVKY.

II.

'

AND then, we thought on vengeance, and, all along our van, Remember St. Bartholomew/ was passed from man to man
'
:

but out spake gentle Henry, No Frenchman is my foe down, down with every foreigner, but let your brethren go/

Oh was
!

as our Sovereign

there ever such a knight, in friendship or in war, 5 Lord King Henry, the soldier of Navarre
!

maidens of Vienna Ho matrons of Lucerne Weep, weep, and rend your hair for those who never

Ho

shall

return.

Ho
that

Philip, send, for charity, thy Mexican pistoles, Antwerp monks may sing a mass for thy poor spearmen's
souls.
10

Ho!

gallant nobles of the League, look that your

arms be

bright

Ho

burghers of Saint Genevieve, keep watch and ward tonight

!

For our God hath crushed

the slave,

the tyrant, our the wise

God

hath raised

and mocked the counsel of

brave.

and the valour of the

;.

Then glory to His holy name, from whom all glories are 15 And glory to our Sovereign Lord, King Henry of Navarre.
MACAULAY.
1.

thought on, repute [in menvenit].

8.

45.

vengeance, scelus luendum, commissa luenda.

tern
2
.

9. Philip

king of Spain

[rex,

tyrannus].

Mexican pistoles [numsacra,' funera

remember [memor]
' '

St.

Bar-

mus

aureusj.

tholomew,
4. 6.
7.

brother's blood.'

10.

mass ['nenia

unpunished,' inultus.

iusta] .
13. crushed, debello, frango.

Navarre, Pyrene.

'Who

drink
or
'

Rhenus,'

or

14.

55.

Rhod anus,'

Ister.'

FOR LA TIN E LEG IA CS.

103

77.

NASEBY FIGHT.

I.

IT was about the

we saw
the

their

man

noon of a glorious day in June, banners dance and their cuirasses shine; of blood was there, with his essenced hair,
Sir

and Astley and

Marmaduke and Rupert

form us

of the Rhine.

Like the servant of the Lord with his bible and his sword
the general rode along to
for the fight;

when a murmuring sound broke out and swelled into a shout among the godless horsemen on the tyrant's right. Hark like the roar of the billows on the shore
!

the cry of battle rises along their charging line, for God and the cause and the church and the laws,
for Charles

jo

King of England and Rupert of the Rhine. They are here, they rush on we are broken, we are gone Our left is borne before them like stubble in the blast. 14
!

Lord, put forth thy might; Oh God, defend the right, stand back to back in God's name, and fight it to the last

Oh

MACAULAY.

'

Sun

in

midsky

air silent.'

9.

Use a verb

here.

banners, ferrum.
3.

2.

signa.

cuirasses y

10.

cry of battle ,
'

Mars

fremi-

bundus.

'contemptible with perfume

'

n.
12.

They
10.
(

cry.'

of hair.'
4.

thee, boy,

famed

for

Knights
.

and

the

'

youth

affection] pietas.
14. so crops give

[Teutonicus] 5. Fairfax
6.

way

torn by

is

here meant.

the wind.

ride, feror equo, vehor.

for

15.

Lord, approach;
let

support

the fight, acies.

7.

right laws.
!

What murmurs sound

16.

our column

go with

8. godless,

protervus, impius.

wings

serried.

104

HINTS AND HELPS

78.

NASEBY FIGHT.

II.

STOUT Skippon hath a wound, the centre hath given ground. Hark Hark what means the trampling of horsemen on
! !

our rear?

Whose banners do

I see,

boys?

Tis

he,

thank God,

'tis

like

in a row, 5 deluge on the dykes, our cuirassiers have burst on the ranks of the accurst,

he, boys! Bear up another minute, brave Oliver is here. Their heads all stooping low, their points all

a whirlwind on the

trees, like a

and
their

at a

shock have scattered the

forest of the pikes.

Fast, fast the gallants ride in

some

safe

nook

to hide,

coward heads predestined to rot on Temple Bar; 10 aside he turns, he flies, shame to those cruel eyes, that bore to look on torture and dare not look on war.
plain, and ere ye strip the slain to another stab make your quest secure; give then shake from sleeves and pockets the broad pieces and
!

Ho

comrades scour the

first

lockets,

15

and tokens of the wanton, the plunderers of the poor. MACAULAY.

'Falloran?'
bear up, resisto, utor viribus,
Oliver,

2.

Rostra].

4.

n.
1 2.

he,

nitor contra.
5.

dux notus.

torture,

king Charles I. tormenta [gladiaslain.'

;

6.

points, hastile. 10. vary the

similes.

tores,

monotony cf
ala,

13.

amphitheatra]. 'Twice slay the

inultus

two
7.

14. [raptor
I5ricati,

nuda

ra-

cuirassiers,

pina.]
15. sleeves, manicae, a sign of in Rome, vestis. locket

equites.
8.

pike, pilum.

luxury

10.

Temple Zto;'[scalaGem6nia,

[torquis, monile].

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

79.

105
I.

DEFENCE OF LTTCKNOW.
God

FRAIL were the works that defended the hold that we held with
our
lives

women and
Hold
'

children
!

among

us,

help them, our children

and wives

it we might and for fifteen days or for twenty at most. Never surrender, I charge you, but every man die at his post The voice of the dead whom we loved, our Lawrence the best
'
!

of the brave

cold were his brows

'

when we
'
!

kiss'd

him

we

laid

him

that

night in his grave.

and there hailed on our houses Every man die at his post and halls [balls, death from their rifle-bullets, and death from their cannondeath in our innermost chamber, and death at our slight
barricade,

death while

we

stood with the musket, and death while

we
10

stoopt to the spade, death to the dying, and

there
fell

wounds

to the

wounded,

for often
[shell,

striking the hospital wall, crashing through it their shot and their death for their spies were among us, their marksmen were

told of our best, so that the brute bullet broke through the brain that could think for the rest ;
bullets
at

would sing by our foreheads, and

our
feet

bullets

would rain
15

Death

at the

street.
i.

glimpse of a finger from over the breadth of a A. TENNYSON.

do moras hos9.

[putresco, vix

inner

chamber,

penetrale.

tibus.]
3. twenty, viginti, bis deni. 4. post, locus.

barricades, 5bices.
10. spade, pala. musket, telum. 12. [domus aegrorum.]

5. 6.

Laurens.
'

Now he lies
55.

13. [dextra fallitur, errat.]

cold.'

7. Each keeps his place as bidden. Through the roofs, through

the halls,
8.

'the thoughtful first.' hissing bullet,' stridula massa. 16. at sight of, vel viso digito.
14.
15.

'The

[ferreus imber.]

io6

HINTS AND HELPS

80.

DEFENCE OF LUCKNOW.
what we
suffer

II.

MEN

will forget
fight,

and not what we

all

do.

We

can

but to be soldier

all

day and be sentinel

in

through the night

ever the mine and assault, our

sallies, their lying alarms.

Bugles and drums

ever the labour of ever the marvel

the

darkness,

and shoutings and

5

soundings to arms,
fifty

that

had
that

among us

to be done by five, one should be left alive,

heat like the

mouth of a hell, or a deluge of cataract skies, stench of old offal decaying, and infinite torment of flies, thoughts of the breezes of May blowing over an English field,
cholera, scurvy,

and

fever, the

wound
for
it

that

would not be

heal'd,
1 1

lopping away of the limb by the

torture

pitiful-pitiless knife,

and trouble
delicate

in vain,

never could save us a

the hospital bed, the dying and dead,

life.

Valour of
horror of

women, who tended

women

in travail

among

grief for our perishing children,

toil

and never a moment

hopes of
relief.

for grief,
16

and

ineffable weariness, faltering

A. TENNYSON.
1.
2.

'

[pereo ex animo.] day bids fight, night watch.'

vigeo? vireo.

n. 'while
hurts.'

it

tries

to heal,

it

3.

lying alarms [pugnamsimulo,

lacesso].
4. bugles,

12. 'torture

is

protracted

by

cornua

[falsus,

men-

torture.'

dax].
5.

13. hospital bed, cubantes.

[opus bis quinque viromm,

14. In her turn

she* gives birth

exaequant viribus.]
6. be left,

keeping her bed with death crushing

for

supersum.
fly,

her.

8. stench, nidor.

musca.

15. Grief

is

wished

and

grief

9.

Ah, how often do we pray, &c.

denied.

10. -would not be healed, vivus

FOR LA TIN ELEGIA CS.

107

81.

COUNTY GUY.
the hour
is

AH! County Guy

the sun has
left

nigh,

the lea,

the orange flower perfumes the bower,

the breeze
is

on the

sea.
trilled all day,
5

The
sits

lark, his lay

who

hushed

his partner

nigh;

breeze, bird,

and

flower, confess the hour,

but where

is

The

village

County Guy? maid steals through

suit to

the shade,
10

her shepherd's
to beauty shy,

hear

by

lattice high,

sings high-born cavalier.

The now

star of

Love,

all

star above,

reigns o'er earth

and sky;
15

and high and low the influence know but where is County Guy?
SIR

W.

SCOTT.

1.

[exspectata dies.]
leave, destituo,

9.

shade, legmen.
'mistress presses the lattice,'

2.

55.

10. shepherd, pastor, [procus.]

3. flower, copia fl5runi, narum. bower, antrum. 5. the lark, alauda.

n.

fenestra.
14. repeat the preposition, 15.

55

6.
8.

partner, sponsa. ' what delays hold Jovius

'a powerful master.'

'

loS

HINTS AND HELPS

82.

EXCUSE FOR PILGRIM'S PROGRESS.

see the

You

to catch the fish

ways the fisherman doth take what engines doth he make

;

Behold,

how he engageth

all

his wits;

also his snares, lines, angles, hooks,

and nets;

yet fish there be, that neither hook, nor line,

nor snare, nor

net,

nor engine can make thine

they must be groped for, and be tickled too, or they will not be catch'd, whate'er you do.

How
by

does the fowler seek to catch his

game
and

divers

means!

all

which one cannot name:

bell;
tell

10

his guns, his nets, his lime-twigs, light,

he creeps, he goes, he stands; yea,

of
all

who can

his postures?

Yet there's none of these

fowls he please.
15

will

make him master of what

Yea, he must pipe and whistle to catch this; yet, if he does so, that bird he will miss.

BUNYAN.

'

thousand ways.' fisherman,

39.

nets, calamus.
6.
7.

piscator.
2.

entice, elicio,
'

some he cannot entice. These unless you attract nor

[titillo].

3.

what
'
!

pains,

what labours he

scorn to tickle
8.

[labor, opera.] employs 4. hooks and snares [laqueus,

insidiae, dolns].
5.

no net will catch.

10. [enumero.]
12.

some stand, another bending

on his knee.

Whether he employ rods or

rests

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

109

83.

THE NEW HOME.

is

RIGHT
still

well
is

the

the roof

not

new-made house begun, on nor the walls quite done,

all.

and
that

from above the rain may fall, the sunlight wander at will o'er
to the world's great

Then pray we

King

from heaven's high vault will bring His priceless treasures forth and o'er

He

the

open house His blessings pour.

first

And
the

may He
fill

the barn to
stall

make

all bounteous deign with ripened grain, healthy for horse and kine
'

10

and the

cellars stock with

generous wine.

The

wickets and windows consecrate

that evil

may

never pass in thereat,

this

and grant from out

new made door

often pour.

15

gay laughing children

may

1.

[Opus mature.]
'still

10. ripened, tempestivus.

2.

walls not firm;

roof

n.
for.

let

health be in the

stalls,

absent.'
3. fall,

let calves

and horses be well cared

dolium,
testa.

descendo.

may,

licet

with subj.
6. let

12. cask,

us

give

prayers

[vota

13. wicket, fores. 14.

prcesque].
7.

no

evil,

nihil

mali,

nihil

[depromo.]
barn, horrea.

impuri.
16.

9.

[chorus.]

10

HINTS AND HELPS

84.

THE SMUGGLER.
the

'TwAS one morn when

whilst sullenly roared the big

wind from the north blew keenly, wave on the main,

a famed smuggler Will Watch kissed his Sue then serenely took helm, and to sea boldly steered out again. Will had promised his Sue that this trip if well ended 5

should coil up his ropes, and he 'd anchor on shore ; when his pockets were lined, why his life should be mended,
the laws he

had broken, he'd never break more.

trim,

His sea boat was

This night, if in dock I can
Will lay to
to
till
'

then Will stood her home,

made her port, took her made her offing, and

of

lading;
cries,
;

10

I 've luck, furls the sails

lie,

my

trading

serve a friend too besides/

the night

came on darksome and dreary

crowd every sail then he piped up each hand; but a signal soon spied, 'twas a prospect uncheery, the signal it warned him to bear from the land.
DIBDIN.

15

3.

Sue. Use sponsa.

55.

10.

'the

coast,
is

the

goal

of

4. steer out, vela do,

5.
,

finished toil,
.

at hand.'

promise, paciscor. Use direct

not oars, not ropes hereafter
packets

speech.
6.

11 [cursus finio, vela condo.] 12. serve, profuero.

14. iubet festinent,

57.

will I use.
7.

15.

'empty hope.'
the

[pario

rem,

rem

facio].
8. break, violo.

1 6. 'he recognised forbad his return.'

signa

FOR LA TIN ELEGIA CS.

1 1 1

85.

THE REVIVAL.
*

TOUCH, a kiss, the charm was snapped, there rose a noise of striking clocks,

and

feet that

ran and doors that clapped,

cocks.
5

and barking dogs and crowing

fuller light

illumined

all,

a breeze through all the gardens swept, a sudden hubbub shook the hall,

and

sixty feet the fountain

in,

left.

The hedge broke

the
fire

the banner blew,

10

the butler drank, the steward scrawled,

shot up, the martin flew,

the parrot screamed, the peacock squalled.

The maid and page resumed

the palace banged,

their strife,

and buzzed, and clacked,

15

and

all the pent up streams of life dashed downward like a cataract.

TENNYSON.

i. 2.

charm,

ca-Tmina..

sna#,solvo.

SCriba.

enters in books, refero.

clocks, [tinnula sistra].

12

peacock, pavo. parrot, psit-

4. barking,

latratus.

crowing,

tacus.
13. Phyllis and Syrus. novo intennissa.

carmen
5.

resume,

illumine, lustro. 6. sweep, concutio.

9. hedge,

I4

sfr
<

mpiarushes.'

sepes.

banner, vexsteward,

I5>
16.

illum

and as a stream so, &c.

10. butler;

promus.

112

HINTS AND HELPS

86.

ZN"

MEMORIAM.
I

WHAT
to

sh&ll

be the pictures

hang on the
?

walls

adorn the burial place of him I love pictures of flowing springs and farms
with the fourth

month eve
lucid

at

sundown,
5

with floods of the yellow gold, of the gorgeous sun,

and the grey smoke,

and

bright,

with the fresh sweet herbage under foot and the pale green leaves of the trees prolific.

In the distance the broad breasted river gleaming

with a wind dapple here and there; the ranging hills on the banks
10

throwing long shadows;

and the city at hand with dwellings so dense and stacks of chimneys

and all the scenes of life, the workshop and the workmen homeward return.

15

WHITMAN.

1. picture, tabula, walls aedes, sepulcrum. 2. love, solus amor.

',

colores.

10. 'save

where

the

breeze

dapples] vario, distinguo.

12. the

3.

farm, Lares, limen

[inauro.]

agreste.

n. range [praetexo]. shadow is drawn

out

/(.fourth, April! mense, vespere.

5.

into green paths. 13. dense, confertus.

14.

6. 9.
7.

'smoke,

bright

pillar,'

15. workshop,
[iugis herba.]

[culmina nigra suo fumo.] taberna [vices

vario].

9. broad-breasted, la to pectore.

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

87.

HARVEST HOME.
toil

we

COME, sons of Summer, by whose are the lords of wine and oil:

crowned with the ears of corn, now come and to the pipe sing 'harvest home/

Come

forth,

my

lord,
all

and see the

cart

dressed

up with

the country
frisking
fillies

art,

horses, mares,

and

clad

all

in linen white as

lilies.

The

harvest swains

and wenches bound

10

for joy to see the

waggon crowned:

about the

cart,

hear

how

the rout

of rural younglings raise the shout; some coming after, pressing before
those with a shout and these with laughter; some bless the cart, some kiss the sheaves,

some bind

their

brows with oaken

leaves.

R. HERRICK.

1.

summer-companions, aestivus
oil, olea.

is strong,' 7.

co!5nus, agrestis.
foals

comes.
2.

'saucy
'

with

their

mother,'

vitiilus, soboles.

3.

ears, arista.

4. pipe, tibia.
5. carts,

whether they love to hurry 13. in front, or follow behind.'

15.

6. 'art in

plaustnun. which the countryman

Some

pray;

some

offer

kisses to Ceres.

114

HINTS AND HELPS

88.

THE MASSACRE.
murder

I.

HEAR now

the tale of the

in cold blood

young men. had a hollow square formed Retreating they

with their baggage for breastwork.
Six hundred lives out of the surrounding enemy's square 5 who were six times their number was the price they took in advance.

of three hundred and six

Their colonel was wounded and ammunition gone. They treated for an honourable capitulation,

and seals, marched back they prisoners of war.

received writing

10

They were the glory of the race of rangers,

matchless in horse,
rifle,

song, supper, courtship,

I
15

large, turbulent, generous, brave,

handsome, and

affectionate,

bearded, sun-burnt,

dressed in the free costume of hunters,

not a single one more than thirty years of age.

WHITMAN.
1.

Hear, accipio, disco, in cold

9, [scelus].

7.

ammunition,
'

sagittae.
;

blood,
2.

8.

surrender-is-made
to
retreat

but they
their

'three hundred three times

fell.'

claim

keeping

two

honour,'

42.
[paciscor].

3. 'the

band had

retreated into

9.

Agreement made
'

a square

'

[quadratum agmen].

10.
1 3.

a captured band.'
!

4. baggage, sarcina. breastwork, 22. vallum, agger,

5.

Alas, their vigour

bearded

beauty [barbatus].
14.

'Enemy
;

press
slay

on,
six

six

for
'

Firm
!

loyalty!

nobility, of

each

they

hundred

heroes

[totidem], 6. so much price

is

asked in

15. Dressed in skins, and the freedom of Diana, 14.

advance [ante].

16. [lustrum.]

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

89.

THE MASSACRE.
first-day

II.

i, 2

THE

second

morning they were brought out

in

squads and massacred.

3,

4 It

5,

7,

summer, the work commenced over by eight. was five, None obeyed the command to kneel some made a mad, helpless rush. Some stood stark and straight a few fell at once, shot
was
beautiful early
it

about

9,

10

The

through the heart or the temple. living and the dead lay together

the

maimed and

mangled dug
ii, 12

into the earth.

Some

half killed attempted to crawl away, these were despatched with bayonets, or battered with the butts of muskets.
till

13, 14

youth not seventeen years old seized an assassin two more came to release him.
three were
all

ic,

The

torn, covered with the boy's blood.

WHITMAN.

[festa dies.]

foveo.

[dedita turba.] 3. early, redivivus [floreo]. 4. [oritura, orta dies.]

5.

2.

n.
13.

12. bayonet, hasta.

crawl, genua aegra traho. butt, clava.

'Why, boy,
10.

refuse death?

[genu

flecto.]

See

6. -mad,

lymphor, sine
immobilis.

mente

14.
is at

See you not

a third foe

ruo.
7. stark,

hand.

shot, fos-

15.

He

died fighting; he will

sets

sus.

hearty iecur.

not die unavenged.

16. three

9. together,

nullo discrimine.

of arms,

trina

10.

mangle, dilanio.

dig

into,
I

arma.
2

n6

HINTS AND HELPS

90.

BLENHEIM.

METHINKS

hear the drum's tumultuous sound,

the victors' shouts

and dying groans confound

rise.

the dreadful burst of cannon rend the skies,

and

all

the thunder of the battle

'Twas then great Marlboro's mighty soul was proved, that, in the shock of charging hosts unmoved, amidst confusion, horror, and despair,
examined
( 1

all

the dreadful scenes of

war

in peaceful thought the field of death surveyed,

to fainting squadrons sent the timely aid,

(inspired repulsed battalions to engage, I and taught the doubtful battle where to rage.

10

So when an

angel,

by

divine

command,

with rising tempests shakes a guilty land, such as of late o'er pale Britannia passed, calm and serene he drives the furious blast,
and, pleased th' Almighty's orders to perform, rides in the whirlwind, and directs the storm.
15

JOSEPH ADDISON

1. 2.

[Fallor an ?].

drum, tympana.

9. peaceful, lentus,

non dubitans,

[victor, victus].

immemor
10.

pericli.
to rage, via, aditus.

3. 5.

cannon, ferrea machina. Marlboro", dux. proved,

where

u.

angel, 'messenger.'
[testis eras],

emineo, probor.

13. such as,

10.

unmoved, immotus.

6.

animi

constans,

15, 16.

whirlwind, turbo, tem-

pestas.

8. scenes, fata, vices.

FOR LA TIN ELEGIA CS.

117

91.

THE

TTTRCO.

I.

STILL
too

at the school,

a boy of seventeen years

the child with hair so fair

3

young to was fresh, not filled with grown-man's fears, the small world he had known was pure and true. ( He 'd clasp his mother in that dear embrace, \ and she had blessed her boy, her only. boy: ^ no longer scholar, learning Latin-case, for news had come, and ill-news flies apace, that Woerth and Gravelotte followed Saarbriick-joy she walked- beside him to the rendezvous,
:

and eyes so blue, know the cause of woman's tears

<J
'

his

life

his pale fair mother, with her

(

widow's

veil

she heard his words, and not the drum- tattoo, < Good courage, fare-you-well Ma mere, adieu
'
!

'
!

'

Courage, good courage, boy

mine

shall not fail/

Turco fought with the best, but winter came, and with ague he lay:
fair little
f
f

The

the surgeon, seeing death in the west,

said,

*X
I

'Baby, go back, go home to thy nest:' but the sick child answered, No, let me stay/
'

i.

seventeen,
'

compare

Ovid,

7.

and,
4

69.

Liberior fratri sumpta aged 20. mihique toga.' 3. too young, expers. grownman's,
5.
virilis.

8.

conquerors had yielded to

conquered.'
9.

mother, matercula.
courage,

n. good
verba novissima,
virtute.

macte nova

[dat, reddit

salutem.]
6.

14. ague, febris.

Latin

repetition, dictation.

il8

HINTS AND HELPS

92.

THE

TTJRCO.

H.

THE boy has fallen, struck down by a ball an old soldier raises him up on his back.
f 3

The day

is

lost

sad rings the

'

Recall,'
:

< to
I

a regiment that rests where no echo may fall so a Requiem plays them home from attack. And the .Arab brave guards the wounded child,
' '

by a brook

that sings in a

little

ravine.

Afar the cannonade roars loud and wild,

and, straining-up his face, that just had smiled,
/

he sternly speaks 'mid booming

'

in

between

9 10

Where

are the Prussians

at last, at last,

do they

answer, answer true turn back in flight ?

?

Am
' '

I in France,

and do we

still

pursue

?'

Then
Yes,

said that brave old Turco, pressed to

little

tell,

Frenchman, thou hast nobly won.'

Then

will

you hear me
. .

?
.'

I will

go

'tis

well,

13 <
'

Oh,

my

dear mother.

and

in that faint knell

The

fair child soldier slept

down dipped

the sun.

i.

by a

ball,

eminus [globus].
regiment,
legio,

8.

[nescio quis risus,

premitur

3.

Recall, receptus.
[surdus.]

gravitate.]
9.

4.

Prussians, Borussi.

caterva, manipli.
5.

10. turn, fugio, terga do.

Arabs.
recessus,

ii.

Comp. Horace,

'splendide

6. ravine,

angulus,

mendax.'

alveus.

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

93.
(

119
I.

WILLIAM TELL.
to

COME,

list

me and you

shall

hear

1 a tale

of what befell

fa famous

man

of Switzerland

(Near Reuss' bank, from day

\ his
little

to day,

flock he led,
thrift

by prudent
I
(

and hardy

toil

content to earn his bread.

Nor was
in
TT

the hunter's craft

unknown

Un

'

none was seen

(to track the rock-frequenting herd with eye so true and keen.
little son was in his house, a laughing fair-haired boy; so strong of limb, so blithe of heart, he made it ring with joy.
(

10
;

sheep were the lambs he called by

His

father's

all

his friends
;

name

("and

when they

frolicked in the fields,

(the child would share the same.

So

peacefully their hours were spent

life

had scarce a sorrow; took the good of every day, they and hoped for more to-morrow.
that
1. 2.

'Boys and

girls,'

55.
Giiliel-

10.

made

ring, fecit resonare,

Swiss, Helveticus.

docuit.
14.
[credideris.]

mus.
4. earn,

mereo, pario.
solli-

15. 16.

[hornus.]
[praecipio.]

6. track, vestigia sequor,

cito, fatigo.

29

HINTS AND HELPS

94.

WILLIAM TELL.

II.

(Bur
( (

oft

some shining April morn

griefs o'er

is

darkened in an hour,
joyous homes,
!

and blackest
unseen

\ alas
(

may
:

lower.

3
( (

Nor yet on Switzerland had dawned her day of liberty the strangers' yoke was on her sons,
and pressed right heavily. So one was sent in luckless hour
;

\
(
'

\ to rule in Austria's name a haughty man in savage in

(

mood pomp and pride he came. One day, in wantonness of power,

set his

'

he
'
'

|
{

Bow
who

cap on high down, ye slaves/ the order ran

:

disobeys shall die

!'

jit
(

chanced that William Tell had left his cottage home,

with his
oft
little

that

morn

jand
(

son in hand,
spoil

to Altorf

For
and
(
\
"*

town had come. the boy had eyed the

his father

bore, prayed to join the hunting crew

homeward

when

75

roam for more. on some merry night, when wondrous feats were told,
they should

And

often

|
1

he longed his father's and be a hunter bold.

bow

to take

2.

unseen, fallo with

fut.

part.

6. pride, animi, fastus, saevitia.

7-

mischief, pestis, lues.

4. 5.

caP> galerus.

[arbitrio usus,

[servitium, servitii iugum.]

grassor.J

Austrian, Noricus [praetor,

in luckless hour,
69.

*>
15

vnth, [eo comes.]

legatus].

/*&

miracula, fortia facta.

FOR LA TIN ELE GIA CS.

95.

121

WILLIAM TELL.

III.

TELL saw

the crowd, the lifted cap,

;

the tyrant's angry frown

and heralds shouted

'

in his ear,

Bow down, ye slaves, bow down !' Stern Gessler marked the peasant's mien,
to see

and watched

him

fall;

but never palm-tree greater stood than Tell before them all!
'

My

knee

'

'to God,
{

shall bend/ he calmly and God alone:

said,

I
(

my my
'

life

is

in the Austrian's hand,

is

conscience

my

own.'

Seize him, ye guards !' the ruler cried while passion choked his breath
:

/
1

power, he braves he dies the traitor's death

'

he mocks

my

my

lord,

The Swiss are fyet wait. so all the world doth say
(
I

marksmen
;

true

that fair-haired stripling hither bring

we '11 try their skill to-day.' Hard by a spreading lime-tree

to this the

stood,

youth was bound: they placed an apple on his head he looked in wonder round.
Austriacus.
'

2.

[fronte minante.]

9.

3. herald,
5.

praeco, lictor. Gessler, Caesar. peasant,

10.

13. yet wait, quid 14.

16.

in hand, penes. tamen edico ?

experior.

you may

try,'

ruricola, colonus.
8.

'apple on head' or 'head

under apple.'

122

HINTS ANJ) HELPS

96.
'

WILLIAM TELL.
is

IV.

THE

fault

mine,

if fault
:

there be,'

1 ( 1
(

cried Tell in accents wild

<

on manhood

let

your vengeance

fall,

but spare, oh, spare my child !' I will not harm the pretty boy/
'

said Gessler tauntingly

'

if

blood of his shall stain the ground,

(yours will the murder be.

Draw
your
your

tight

straightest

your bow, my cunning man, arrow take:

is

you know yon apple

your mark,

liberty the stake.'

A
(
i

mingled noise of wrath and grief

:

was heard among the crowd the men, they muttered curses deep ; the women wept aloud. Full fifty paces from this child,
his strong

bow

in his

hand,

with lips compressed, and flashing eye, Tell firmly took his stand.

The bow was

bent, the arrow

went

15

as by an angel guided: in pieces two beneath the tree

the apple
1.

fell

divided!
shall be a slave.'

8.

2.

Compare Ovid,

'

Si

non

vis

10. mutter,
11
.

musso.
quinque.

puero parcere, parce seni.' 4. murderer, necis auctor.

5.

fifty, decies

14.

'you might think' or 'so

c.

8.

bow, [nervus], arcus. 'unless you cleave

a god,'
it,

you

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

123

97.

BISHOP HATTO.

I.

THE summer and autumn had

that in winter the corn

been so wet,

'twas a piteous sight to

was growing yet; see all around

the grain

lie

rotting

on the ground.
5

Every crowded around Bishop Hatto's door, for he had a plentiful last year's store,

day the starving poor

and

all

the neighbourhood could

tell

his granaries

were furnished

well.

At

last

Bishop Hatto appointed a day

10
repair,

poor without delay; he bade them to his great barn

to quiet the

and they should have food

for the winter there.

Rejoiced such tidings good to hear,

the poor folk flocked from far the great barn

and near

was

full

as

it

could hold

15

of

women and

children,

and young and old. R. SOUTHEY.

2.

corn,

seges

in

sulcis

stat,

year,' prior.

horrea nuda.
3. rot,

10. quiet, insidiam sedo.

putresco

[spes

omnis

12.

food
.

for

winter,

victus

arist ae]

h ibernus
14.

4. pools, lacus. 6.
7.
8.

far and near, hinc

illinc,

Bishop Hatto, pontifex.

could
'

tell,

[scilicet].

externus, proxirnus. 15. 'Non iam vasta vacant.'

last

so

much remains from

124

HINTS AND HELPS

98.

BISHOP HATTO.
he saw
it

II.

THEN when
and while
he
'

could hold no more,

fast the

Bishop Hatto he made

for
set fire to
faith, 'tis

door

mercy on Christ they call, the barn and burnt them all.
an excellent bonfire
is
'
!

I'
'

quoth he,

and the country

it

greatly obliged to me,

for ridding

in these times forlorn

of rats, that only consume the corn/ So then to his palace returned he,

supper merrily, an innocent man, but Bishop Hatto never slept again. In the morning as he entered the hall,

and he
and he

sat

down

to

slept that night like

where

his picture

hung
all

against the wall,

a sweat like death

for the rats

over
it

him came,
R. SOUTHEY.

had eaten

out of the frame.

5. excellent, festivus, insignis.

6.

country,

patria.

obliged,

12. Bishop, ultimus. 13. enters

10.

last,

summus,
[prandia

debet grates. 7. rats, mures.

10. set
sit

the

hall,

quaerit].

supper,

pono coenam.

15. picture in frame, tabella.

down, sedeo.

FOR LA TIN ELEG1A CS.

1 25

99.

BISHOP HATTO.
there

III.

As he looked

came a man from

the farm,

he had a countenance white with alarm;

'My

lord, I
rats

and the

opened your granaries this morn, had eaten all your corn.'

Another came running presently, and he was pale as pale could be,
'

Fly
the
1

my Lord
forgive
to

Bishop,

fly

!'

quoth he,
this

'ten thousand rats are

coming

way
'
!

Lord
'11

you

for yesterday

go

my

tower on the Rhine/ replied he,

'

'tis

the safest place in

Germany

the walls are high,

and the shores are

strong,

steep,

and the stream

is

and the water

deep.'

Bishop Hatto fearfully hastened away, and he crossed the Rhine without delay,

and he reached
all

his tower, and.

barred with care

there.

the windows, doors,

and loopholes

R. SOUTHEY.

i.

farm,

villa, ager.

10. safe place, hospitium, per-

3.

granaries, granaria, horrea.

fugium.
12. stream, vortex, fluenta.
14.

4.
5.
8.

per do, pass, pereo.

presently,
54.

without delay,

54.

yesterday, hesternus dies.

126

HINTS AND HELPS

100.

BISHOP HATTO.

IV.

HE
he

laid

him down and

closed his eyes,

arise
;

but soon a scream

started,

made him

and saw two eyes of flame on his pillow from whence the screaming came. He listened and looked, it was only the cat;
but the Bishop he grew more fearful for that, for she sat screaming, mad with fear,
at the army of rats that was drawing near. For they have swum over the river so deep, and they have climbed the shores so steep,

10

fand up the tower their way is bent, to do the work for which they were
(

sent.

They by by thousands they come, and by myriads and more such numbers had never been heard of before, such a judgment had never been witnessed of yore.

are not to be told

the dozen or score,

Down on
and
faster

his

and

knees the Bishop fell, faster his beads did he

tell.

R. SOUTHEY.

2.

arise, exsilio,

prosilio

lin-

9. so

deep, 'in all its fulness,

quo torum.
3. start,

quam
horresco.
50.
prius.
10.

plenus.
'in
its

vain

had the Rhine

4. two, bini, 6.
8.

fenced

waters with a bank.'

more,

quam

12. 'ultrix

manus, millia mille,'

army, agmina,

millia.

draw

9.

near, cedo, praecipito.

16. tell beads, itero preces.

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

127

101.

THE PILGKIMAGB TO KEVLAAR.

I.

THE mother
' '

stood at the window, her son lay in the bed Look, Wilhelm, the procession is passing by,' she said.

So

sick I

am,

with thinking of
'

my mother, I cannot hear nor my Gretchen, my heart aches

see

bitterly.'

Get up, we '11 go to Kevlaar, with book and rosary, 5 and sure Our Blessed Lady will heal thy heart for thee.' The holy banners flutter, as onward goes the line,
the holy psalms are chanted, at

Koln upon

the Rhine.

The mother

follows also, leading her son goes she,

'
' !

both singing with the chorus, Mary, all praise to thee 10 To-day Our Lady at Kevlaar her finest clothes doth wear

much The sick

so

she must be doing, so many sick come there. folk all are bringing to her as offerings meet

limbs that of

wax
one

are fashioned,
offers,

A waxen hand
a

and heals

waxen hands and feet. in his hand the wound 15

;

waxen

foot another

and

straight his foot

is

sound.

1 lay, cubo, reciibo. son and mother.

.

Transpose

10.

Mary, Maria, mater sancta,

clothes, vestis, amictus.

sanctissima.

2.

procession,

pompa.

n.

4.

'Chloe has taken away

Kevlaar, aedes. Kdln, Colonia.

my

12.

'poor

clothes

do not do

senses.'
5. 7.

(facio) for (ad) so great work.'

15. is healed, valebit, sanus erit.

Will come

6.

54.

best in the hexameter.

128

HINTS AND HELPS

102.

THE PILGRIMAGE TO KEVLAAR.

II.

THE mother
'

Take

that to

took a candle, and made of it a heart; Our Blessed Lady, and she will heal thy smart/

The
'

and from

heart he took, and sighing, unto the shrine did go, his eyes the tears, the words from his heart did flow.
5
!

thou

thou so highly blessed, O purest Maid divine, who art Queen of Heaven, pity this grief of mine
in the city, I with

At Koln
and close

my

mother dwelt,
built,

the city where so

many

churches and shrines are

to us dwelt Gretchen, but

I

dead

is

Gretchen now
10

a waxen heart

bring thee,
his

my wounded

heart heal thou/

slept;

The
there

sick son

and

mother within the chamber

came Our Blessed Lady, and

o'er the sick
lightly,

lightly in she stept.

She bent her

her gentle hand quite

man, and on his heart did lay and smiled and passed away.
;

The
she

woke from

mother, dreaming, saw it, and something more beheld 15 out her slumber, the dogs so loudly yelled.
lay stretched out before her, her son,
his pale

There

and he was dead,

light

and on

cheek playing, the morning

shone red.

1.
2.

candle, lucerna.

12. lightly, [vix pono].

15.

smart, dolor, vulnus.

sano,

saw

it,

&>c,, 'sees or thinks

10. heal,

foveo,

facio

she saw.'
16. yell, exululo.

sanum.

n.

and,

55.

17.

6.

FOR LA TIN ELEGIA CS,

1 2

103.

THE LOSS OF THE BLRKENHEAD.

I.

RIGHT on our flank the crimson sun went down,

the deep sea rolled around in dark repose,

when
5

like the wild shriek

from some captured town

rose.

a cry of

women

Birkenhead lay hard and fast, caught, without hope, upon a hidden rock ;
stout ship

The

her timbers thrilled as nerves, when through them passed the spirit of that shock.
|

And

ever, like

base cowards

who

leave their ranks

9
(

in danger's hour, before the rush of steel,

drifted

away, disorderly, the planks, from underneath her keel.

Confusion spread; for, though the coast seemed near, sharks hovered thick along that white sea-brink.

The
'

boats could hold?

not

all

and

it

was

clear

she was about to sink.

15

j
(

Out with those boats, and

'

let

cried one,

ere yet

yon sea

us haste away,' the bark devours.'

The man

thus clamouring was, I scarce need say, no officer of ours. F. DOYLE.

1.

sinks into the waves on right

54.

nerves.'
8.
'

[dexter],
'

You might fancy the timbers

2. repose, [sileo].

4.

such was the form of Trqja

taken.'

to thrill with feeling,' 39, 45. 10. planks, ligna, trabes.

when
5.

n.
with13.

confusion,

42.

hidden, fallens, latens.

'

12. sharks, lupi [marini.]

out hope,
7.

69. Just as a

[usus ratiu

sufficit.]

blow

strikes

man's

16.

I scarce need say,

scilicet.

30

HINTS AND HELPS

104.

THE LOSS OF THE BERKENHEAD.

knew our duty better than to care such loose babblers, and made no reply; our good colonel gave the word, and there

II.

WE
for
till

formed us in line to die. There rose no murmur from the ranks, no thought by shameful strength unhonoured life to seek,
our post to quit we were not trained, nor taught to trample down the weak.

So we made women with their children go. The oars ply back again, and yet again
;

10

whilst inch

by inch, the drowning ship sank low, still under steadfast men.

What

followed

why

recall ?

The

brave

who

died,

died without flinching in the bloody surf. They sleep as well beneath that purple tide,
as others under turf.
F.

15

DOYLE.

1.

care for, moror. loquax, garrulus.

seeking,

7.

quit post, cedoloco. trained,

2. babbler, 6.

[doctrina].
11. inch

worth

merendus,

by inch, iam iamque.

corripiendus.

sinks, side, mergor.

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS,

131

1O5.

ON
all

Linden,

when

the sun

was low,

snow; and dark as winter was the flow

bloodless lay the untrodden

of Iser, rolling rapidly. But Linden saw another sight, when the drum beat at dead of night commanding fires of death to light
the darkness of her scenery.

By torch and trumpet fast arrayed each horseman drew his battle-blade,
and
furious every charger neighed
to join the dreadful revelry.

Then shook

the hills with thunder riven;

then rushed the steed, to battle driven; and louder than the bolts of Heaven
far flashed the red artillery.

15

T. CAMPBELL.

1.

low, duplicat umbras.

bloodless,

6. sight, alia
9.

rerum forma.
torches;
the

2.

nondum
hides

sanguineitself

'a
'

thousand

lentus.
3.

sound of a thousand trumpets.'

winter
in

'as

n.
14.

eager for going.'

shadow.'
4.
5.

[calce fatlgat.]

so Isarus, &c.

15. bolts, fulmina.

16. artillery,

[Audin.]

machma.

132

HINTS AND HELPS

106.

HOHENTirPTDEN.

II.

redder yet that light shall glow on Linden's hills of stained snow and bloodier yet the torrent flow
;

BUT

of

Iser, rolling rapidly.

Tis morn; but

scarce

yon

level

sun

can pierce the war-clouds, rolling dun, where furious Frank and fiery Hun

The combat who rush to

shout in their sulphurous canopy. On, ye brave deepens.

glory, or the grave
all
all
!

10

Wave, Munich, and charge with

Few, few
the

thy banners wave,

thy chivalry!

shall part,
shall

where many meet

be their winding-sheet, and every turf beneath their feet shall be a soldier's sepulchre.

snow

15

T. CAMPBELL.

'

3.

more and more.'

irradio,

II.
re-

6. pierce,

penetro,

12.

S}gambri. 'go to close

quarters,'

moveo.
7. sulphurous canopy, sulfureum velamen.

cominus.
13.

'how small

a part,' quota

pars.
14.

8.

'The Gallic race and Getae.'

winding sheet, \es\\sfamerza..

10. grave, funera, tnors, fata.

15. turf, vivus cespes, herba.

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

133

1O7.

THE POET'S SONG.

THE rain was over, the poet arose, he passed by the town and out of the street, a light wind blew from the gates of the sun, and waves of shadow went over the wheat.
And
he
sat

him down

in a lonely place,

and chanted a melody loud and sweet, that made the wild swan pause in her cloud, and the lark drop down at his feet.

The swallow
the wild

stopt as he hunted a bee,

10

the snake slipt under the spray,

hawk

stood with the

down on

his beak,

and stared with

And

his foot on the prey. the nightingale thought I have sung

many

songs,

but never a one so gay, for he sings of what the world will be

15

when

the years have died away.

TENNYSON.

2.

3. gates,

[desero], 55 (3). limen.

'

10. slip, insinuo

me, lateo.

4.

Turn

-waves'*

by a

simile.

lanugo. 13. Philomela, thought, secum

meditatur, repiitat.
14. [posse nego.]

u. down,

wheat*, Ceres.
6. sweet, dulcisonus.
7.

swan, cycnus.
swallow, Procne, hirundo.

16.

[praesens

annus,

instans

9.

hora.]

134
108.

HINTS AND HELPS

HERMIT OF WARKWORTH.
the night,
the torrent's roar
:

I.

DARK was
and loud and loud
(
I ,

and wild the storm

to dash

the sea

was heard

against the distant shore.

Musing on man's weak hapless

the lonely hermit lay
I

state

/ when lo he heard a female voice I lament in sore dismay.

<

With hospitable haste he rose, and waked his sleeping fire and snatching up a lighted brand,
:

10
f

forth hied the reverend sire.

ii
I

All sad beneath a neighbouring tree

(who
I

a beauteous maid he found, beat her breast, and with her tears

bedewed the mossy ground. O weep not, lady, weep not

'

so,

nor

let

vain fears alarm

(my
\
*

little

cell shall shelter thee,

and keep thee

It is

safe

from harm.'

J
I

not for myself I weep,

nor

for

(but for
I

myself I fear ; my dear and only friend

who

lately left

me

here/
hurry,
13.

5.

mans
'

chances,

humani casus,

54.

6.
7.

female, femineus.
'

8.

to give help,' laturus opem. and wakes his hearth with

Eager to-be a-good-host he soothes [hospitio intentus] and

prays her.
14.

fresh flame,' [foci].

9.

brand,

stipes, [fomes].

15.

Remember
68.

[tecta quantulacunque], 57. to put in 'sh

10.

you

may soon

see

him

replies,'

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

109.
'

135
II.

HERMIT OF WABKWORTH.
TRUST in heaven/ the hermit
to
said,

'and

my

cell

repair!

doubt not but

I shall find thy friend

and ease thee of thy care/

_

|
I

Then
and

he scales the

climbing up his rocky cliff so high

;

stairs,

(
I

calls aloud,

and waves

his light

to guide the stranger's eye.

Among the thickets long he winds, with careful steps and slow; at length a voice returned his call
quick answering from below
:

O tell
I
[

{' if
|
I
f

me, father, tell me true, have chanced to see you

left

a gentle maid, I lately

'

beneath some neighbouring tree/ Praise heaven, my son,' the hermit said
'

the lady

's

safe

and well/

f
I

And soon he

(
I

joined the wandering youth and brought him to his cell. Then well was seen these gentle friends

they loved each other dear

the youth he pressed her to his heart

1 the
1.
''

maid

let fall

tear.
8.
'

What
1

is

of

dens' ?
'arise,
'

the dative plural hermit, sacerdos.

hope

directs his
is

slow

'

feet

9.

'a shout

brought to the
forte.

2.

and despise not

;

my

ears of
ii.

him

shouting.'

hut.'
3.

if,

numquid
he

Doubt nought

your friend

13. safe, sospes, integer.

will
6.

soon be restored.'
'

14. soon

enters

the

hut

lights, signals of the road.'

where she

is

waiting.

136

HINTS AND HELPS

110.

HEBMIT OF WABKWOBTH.

III.

("An! seldom had their host, I ween, so sweet a pair; I beheld

/
I

the youth

was

tall,

with manly bloom

fair.

she slender,

soft,

and

The youth was clad in forest green, with bugle horn so bright ; (she in a silken robe and scarf,
f
I
I

snatched up in hasty
'Sit
'

flight.

down,

my

children/ said the sage;

sweet rest your limbs require:'

his

f
I

then heaps fresh fuel on the hearth,

and mends
*

little

fire.

f
I

' Partake/ he said, my simple store, dried fruits, and milk and curds
:'

and spreading
'

all

upon

the board,

1 invites with kindly words.

(
I

Thanks,

father, for

thy bounteous fare/

:

the youthful couple say

freely ate,

/then I and talked

'

and made good cheer,

away.
(for

their cares

Now say, my children, / my counsel may avail),

I

perchance

here / what strange adventures brought you

I

(Ten
I

within this lonely dale ? winters now have shed their snows

on

this

my

lonely hall,

/since valiant Hotspur (so the North I our youthful lord did call)

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

(against fourth Henry Bolingbroke I led up his northern powers,
(
I

137

and

stoutly fighting, lost his

life

near proud Salopians towers.

i.

pair, par.
lituus.

1 2.

'

whither

she

flies,

what

3. bugle,

green, viridis

she does,
lustra.

why

she seeks coverts,'

amictus.
4. silk, serica. 6.
7.

13. 'twice five.'

'

fresh fuel, nova ligna.

curds,

14.

that brave lord.'

is

coagula
[hospitium]

[liquefacta

lactej.
8. board,
.

15. the Severn (Sabrina) witness of our troubles.

1 6.

'thou wast

witness,

cruel

10.

talk

away,

[immemor,

South, in collision with North,'

[collisus]
.

oblitus].

138

HINTS AND HELPS

111.

HERMIT OP WARKWORTH.

IV.

('!N Scotland safe he placed the child beyond the reach of strife,

(nor long before the brave old Earl

I

at Bramham lost his life. (And now the Percy name,

I

so long our northern pride and boast, (lies hid, alas! beneath a cloud;
I

their

honors

reft

and

lost.

chieftain of that noble

house

{No now
(
fi

leads our youth to arms; the bordering Scots despoil our fields

and ravage
Their
halls

all

our farms.
fair,

(
I

and castles, once so now moulder in decay

:

(proud strangers now usurp their lands, and bear their wealth away. far from hence, where yon full stream
the lea

runs winding down {Nor

o
<

[fair
(

Warkworth

lifts

her lofty towers

and overlooks the

sea.
!

Those

ii

towers, alas

now

lie

forlorn,

1 with

noisome weeds o'erspread, ("where feasted lords and courtly dames

1
(
I

and where the poor were fed. Meanwhile far off, mid Scottish
the Percy lives
strangers'

hills

unknown

bounty he depends

{on and may

not claim his own.

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

139

might

with these aged eyes

but

live to see

him

here,
,

then should

my

soul depart in bliss

tear.

!'

He
of

said,
is

and dropt a
the Percy

'And
all

still

so loved

his friends

and thee?

then, bless
(

me, father/ said the youth,

for

I,

thy guest,

am

he.'

'

2. old Earl, senex. Leave out Bramham.' 3. our pride, quam latus Boreale

8.
9.

usurp, occiipo, habeo, teneo.

ii.

[Cernisut?]. noisome weeds, situs herbae14, [squaleo, horreo].

'

colebat.
5. chieftain,

que
[semina gentis].
depopulor.
Scots,

14.

the

enemy owes

to enemies

6. despoil,

barbarus hostis.

the bounty he has.' 1 8. bless me, ore fave.

140

HINTS AND HELPS

112.

CENONE.

ON

this

holy height of Ida

where the pine and cypress grow, sate a woman, young and lovely,
weeping, ever weeping low.
Drearily throughout the forest did the winds of Autumn blow:
5

and the clouds above were flying, and Scamander rolled below.
'
'

Faithless Paris, cruel Paris

Thus
'

the poor deserted spake Wherefore thus so strangely leave

10

me ?

why thy loving bride forsake? why no tender word at parting why no kiss, no farewell take?
would would
this

that I could but forget thee!

15
!

throbbing heart could break

1.

height, vertex, oilmen.

Ida,

Idaeus.
2.

me?' n.
12.
'

39.

63.

Again she shouts.

given to thee
for

cypress, cupressus, cuparissus.

me who was
last

4. ever,

usque,
tristis.

totum

diem,

in vain.'
13.

sine fine.
5.

no

word

me? no

dreary,
'

whispers?
14. no kisses? 16. forget, obliviscor,

6.
8.

Autumn
'

failing' (deficio).

Xanthus.
canst thou desert

non

10.

unhappy

memini.

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

141

113.

ENGLAND.

BEHOLD, the world's great waste the ocean we whole forests send to reign the sea ;

and every coast may trouble or relieve, but none can visit us without our leave.

Our

little

world the image of the great

amidst the boundless ocean

like that

set,

of her

own growth
that's rare

hath
is

all

that nature craves

and

all

tribute

from the waves.

10

As Egypt does not on the clouds rely, but to the Nile owes more than to the sky; so what our earth and what our heaven denies
our ever constant friend the sea supplies.

The
free

taste of hot Arabia's spice we know, from the scorching sun that makes it grow,

without the

worm

in Persia's silks

we

shine

15

and without planting drink of every wine. DRYDEN.

1.

waste, aequora vasta.

9.

rely,

[obnoxius].

2.

send,

detrudo,

immitto.
'

10. Nile,

(Nlliacus adj.),

soil,

reign, rego, imperito.

3. coast,

[uber].

plaga.

relieve [merx].

n.
13. 15.
1

denies,

nego [malignus].

4. visit,
'

5.

adeo, viso. world to us.'

reflects the world,' [refero.]

12. supply, suppedito.

Arabes.

6.
7.

'

worm, bombyx.
wine,
Lesbiura,

[victus.]

8. tribute, reditus, tributa.

[Chium, Falernum, &c.].

6.

142

HINTS AND HELPS

114.

THE RAVEN AND THE OAK.

I.

there

old oak tree was of swine a huge company, that grunted as they crunched the mast for that was. ripe and fell full fast.

UNDERNEATH an

Then they trotted away, for the wind it grew high one acorn they left and no more might you spy. Next came a Raven that liked not such folly:
:

he belonged, they did say, to the witch Melancholy Blacker was he than blackest jet,
flew low in the rain

and

his feathers

not wet.

10

He

picked up the acorn and buried it straight by the side of a river both deep and great. Where then did the Raven go ?

He
over
hill,

went high and low, over dale, did the black Raven go.
autumns,

Many

many

springs
winters

travelled he with

wandering wings

many summers, many

I can't tell half his adventures.

1.

eak, aesculus, quercus, ilex.

9.

Instead of jet say 'vaccinia,'

10. ufidus, over dale, soon

2.

3.

'swine, a saucy band,' 9. grunts, grunnitus. crunch,

[fatigo.]

berries.

12. call the river

13.

mando,
5.

'Over

hill,

[fit

fuga.]

you
stratis.]

6.
7.

[de tot
*

modo

go.' 14. I can

never recount your

quot, [tero, duco].

meditating something more

10.

road.
15.

serious,'
8.

many,

the Stygian witch , maga.

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

143

115.

THE RAVEN AND THE OAK.

came back, and with him a

II.

AT

length he

she,

and the acorn was grown to a tall oak tree. They built them a nest in the topmost bough, and young ones they had and were happy enow. But soon came a woodman in leathern
his brow, like a pent house,

guise,

He'd an axe
/

in his

hung over his eyes. hand, not a word he spoke,

!

but with

1 at length

many a hem and a sturdy stroke, he brought down the poor Raven's

old oak.

His young ones were killed, for they could not depart, and their mother did die of a broken heart. 10
(

The boughs from

the trunk the

woodman

did sever

(
(

and they floated it down on the course of the river. They sawed it in planks, and its bark they did strip, and with
this tree
it

and others they made a good

in sight of the land

ship.
15

The

ship such a storm there did rise as

was -launched ; but

no ship could withstand. It bulged on a rock, and the waves rushed in fast round and round flew the Raven and cawed to the blast.
:

1.

she, corva.

volatus.
ii. sever,
9.

2.

69.

nudo.

4.
5.

'brood, dear pledges,' leather, corium.

axe, bipennis, securis.

13. in

sight of land, suo vel

litore viso.

7.
8.

15.
16.

[alveus haurit aquas.]

10.

[Lares.] 9. 'scarce fit for so long a^fy,'

144

HINTS AND HELPS

116.

A DREAM OF FAIR WOMEN.

[Iphigenia.]

BUT

she, with sick

and scornful looks

averse,

to her full height her stately stature

draws:

'My
this
I

youth/ she

said,

'was blasted with a curse;

that sad place,

woman was
off

the cause.
5

was cut

from hope in

which yet to name

my

spirit loathes

and

fears:

my
I
still

father held his

hand upon
tears,
:

his face,

blinded with

my

strove to speak

my

voice was thick with sighs

as in a

dream dimly

I could descry

10

the stern black bearded kings with wolfish eyes waiting to see me die.

The

high masts flickered as they lay

afloat,

the crowds, the temples, wavered,

and

the shore
15

the bright death quivered at the victims' throat

touched; and

knew no more.
A. TENNYSON.

1.

scorn, fastldia.

8. blind,

impedio.

tears, lacri-

2.

full height, incessu vero pacurse, Furiae, Dirae.

loathes, horreo, fastldio.

teo, ingredior altus.

3.

mae, singultus. 9. kings, dark heads,

9.

10. wolfish, torvus, intentus.

5. 7.

n.

hand,

7.

afloat, suspensus. 13. bright death, invert.

FOR LA TIN ELEGIA CS.

117.

145
I.
:

THE REVENGE.
!

A PINNACE, like a fluttered bird, came flying from far away

Spanish ships of war at sea Then sware Lord Thomas
;
'

we have
:

'

Howard

sighted fifty-three ' 'Fore God I am

!

no coward I cannot meet them here, for my ships and the half my men are sick. I must
but

are out of gear, fly, but follow

5

We

quick. are six ships of the line; can three?'

Sir

we
'
:

fight with fifty-

j"

<
(

I know you are no coward; you fly them for a moment to fight with them again. But I've ninety men and more that are lying sick ashore. I should count myself the coward if I left them, my Lord Howard, 10 To these Inquisition dogs and the devildoms of Spain.'

Then spake

Richard Grenville

So Lord Howard past away with

he melted like a cloud in the but Sir Richard bore in hand
till

five ships of war that day, silent summer heaven ;

all

his

sick

men from

the land
14

I very carefully and slow, and we laid 'them on the ballast (

down below

and they
to the

blest

him

in their pain, that they

were not

left

to Spain,

thumbscrew and the

15 stake, for the glory of the

Lord.
1. 2.

A. TENNYSON.
morrow's
sails.'

bird, 'pigeon.'
'

palm

awaits/

[cras-

ten times five

tinus].
10.

3.

'says

he

is

no runaway;'

fugax.
4.
5.

desert.
12.

[torpeo, marcidus.]

I should not wish to Leave out' Inquisition,' &c. as a cloud disappears.

Whom

follow [terga teneo].

14. lay, 50.

'

depono.
;

6.
7.

Can
'

six

keep

off fifty?

15.

[supplicium]

leave

out

8.

'the knight,' eques. those who fly to-day, to-

thumbscrew and

stake.'

146
118.

HINTS AND HELPS

THE REVENGE.
to

II.

HE
(

had only a hundred seamen

sailed

work

the ship

and

fight,

and he

away from Flores

till

the Spaniard

came ae

2<
I

in sight,

with his huge sea-castles heaving upon the weather bow. Shall we fight or shall we fly?

Good
!' There

Sir Richard,

tell

us now,
die!
this
all

for to fight is but to

'11

,And

Sir

be little of us left by the time Richard said again : We be

'

sun be

set.'

good English

men.
Let us bang these dogs of
devil,
Seville, the

children of the

Hor
Sir

I never turned

my

back upon

Don

or devil

yet.'

Richard spoke and he laughed and we roared

hurrah, and so
little

the

Revenge ran on sheer

into the heart of the foe,

for half of their fleet to the right

and half

to the

left

were seen,

and the

little

Revenge ran on through the long

seaTO

lane between.

Thousands of

their

soldiers

looked

down from
at

their

decks and laughed, thousands of their seamen

little

made mock

the

mad

craft
till

running on and on,

delayed
that,

by

their mountain-like

San Philip

of fifteen hun-

dred tons,

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

tiers of guns, took the breath from our

147

and up-shadowing high above us with her yawning

15
sails,

and we

stay'd.

A. TENNYSON.

1.

'were healthy;' valeo.

Florcs, portus.
'

10. lane, limes,

13.

2.

'On goes

between, 54. the ship, it goes.'

3.

Now

flight or

death awaits

San

Philip, Chlmaera, Philippus,

us.'
'

10.

5. 6.

we must

seek

fight.'

14.

[quantus].
'

Spaniards (Hispani) cannot

15. tiers, tabiilata.

16.
sails flap

frighten
7. 9.
'

me

[temfico].

no longer

filled,'

hurrah, voces faventes. presses right and left ;'

66.
55.

148

HINTS AND HELPS

119.

THE REVENGE.
summer
fleet

III.
far

AND

the night went down,

and the sun smiled out

over the

sea,
all

and the Spanish

in a ring;

with broken sides lay round us

but they dared not touch us again, for they feared that we still could sting so they watched what the end would be. And we had not fought them in vain, 5 but in perilous plight were we; and the sick men down in the hold were most of them
;

stark and cold, and the pikes were all broken or bent, ,and the powder was all of it spent and the masts and the rigging were lying over the side
;

but Sir Richard cried in his English pride, 10 'We have fought such a fight for a day and a night as may never be fought again /We have w on great glory, my men! 13 \ And a day less or more at sea or ashore, 14 j Vwe die does it matter when? Sink me the ship, Master Gunner sink her, split her in twain! 15 Fall into the hands of God, not into the hands of Spain A. TENNYSON.
!

'

2.

Spanish, tberus,
*

20.

oars,

combats once-tried.' 4. 'what the dawn brings.' 6. the men who were undone had first undone [perdo, pereo].
3.

10.
officer.

yardarm, antenna. as an English (Anglus)

12. [fors renovatur.]

13. 14.

[gloria paritur.]

darts or weapons.' 9. The side is bare (nudus) of

8.

What

matter (whether) to?

morrow

or to-day death be on us

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

149

120.

SENSITIVE PLANT.

I.

SENSITIVE plant in a garden grew,

silver

and the young winds fed it with and it opened its fan-like leaves

dew,

to the light,

and closed them beneath the

And

kisses of night. the Spring arose in the garden fair,

like the spirit of love felt

everywhere;
earth's

and each flower and herb on

rose from the dreams of
its

dark breast

wintry

rest.

But none ever trembled and panted with

.
. .

bliss

as the companionless sensitive plant.

ro

For

the sensitive plant has

no bright

flower,

radiance and odour are not

it

loves even like love,

desires

its

its dower, deep heart is

full;

it

what

it

has not

the beautiful.
earliest

The

sensitive plant

was the

upgathered into the bosom of rest; a sweet child weary of its delight,
the feeblest

and

yet the favourite,

15

cradled within the embrace of night.

P. B. SHELLEY.

1.

sensitive [turpis, vilis].

gar-

9.

[nescio quis dulcedo.]

den, horti, pi.

2.

TO.

fed, nutrio,

77.

[sensus.] 13. 'it feels the force of love.'

14.

4.
5.

[premo

labris.]

[concilio.]
'

[saturnia regna.] ' 6. so love breathes everywhere.'

8.
'

15.

It first night cradles.'

16.

'

so a fond mother cherishes

as winter

fails, their

dreams

her delicate one.'

cease,' [deficio, cado].

150

HINTS AND HELPS

121.

SENSITIVE PLANT.

II.

LADY, the wonder of her kind,

whose form was upborne by a lovely mind, which dilating, had moulded her mien and motion
like a sea-flower

unfolded beneath the ocean,

tended the garden from morn to even, and the meteors of that sublimer heaven,
like the

lamps of the

air

when

night walks forth,

laughed from her footsteps up to the "earth. I doubt not the flowers of that garden sweet
rejoiced in the
I

sound of her gentle

feet

doubt not they felt the spirit that came from her glowing fingers through all their frame. This fairest creature from earliest Spring
thus
all

moved through
first

the garden ministering

the sweet season of Summer-tide,

leaf looked

and ere the

brown, she died. P. B. SHELLEY.

i. lovely the flowers.

woman
sea-flower

cared-for

the soil, as stars of the sky.'

9.

3.

as

the

unfolds

10.

[Fallor an.] actually the blossoms

re-

beneath the waves, alga.

4.

joiced at the sound.

nobilior
14. her, do you, paradise, cherish with spring suns.

[largior

incessus,

gradus.]
6. meteors, faces.
7.

15.

[sub frigore primo.]

'Flowers shone forth

from

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

122.

151

SENSITIVE PLANT.

III.
fair

like stars

THREE days the flowers of the garden when the moon is awakened
and on
felt

were,

the fourth the sensitive plant

the

sound of the funeral chant;

and

the steps of the bearers heavy

the

and

slow,

mourners deep and low; the garden once fair became cold and foul, like the corpse of her that had been its soul.

and the sobs of

Which

at first

was

lovely as

if

in sleep,

<
(

then slowly changed till it grew a heap to make men tremble who never weep.

10

For Winter came; the wind was his whip, one choppy finger was on his lip he had torn the cataract from the hills,
:

and they clanked at his girdle like manacles. When Winter had gone, and Spring came back, 15 the sensitive plant was a leafless wrack; but the mandrakes and toadstools and docks and
darnels
rose like the dead from their ruined charnels.
P. B. SHELLEY.

Three days pass: 1. droop and get pale. 2. 'so may you see.'

flowers

10.

never [metuo, ignore],

n.

4. tt& funeral chant, exsequiale, funereum melos.

Boreas, whip, flagellum. 12. choppy, rugosns. 14. 'his girdle (zona) clanks
stuffed
cles.'

with

ice,

as if with

mana-

[sordidus fit, putrescit.] 8. so foul is the corpse.

7.
it

17.

mandrakes,

use

avenae.

sleep holds it then becomes a shapeless carcase.

9.
first
;

At

darnel, lolium.
18.

dead [lemures].

152

HINTS AND HELPS

123.
'

WALSINGHAM BALLAD.
see Knight's

I.

[For

Our Lady of Walsingham,'

England, Vol.

ii.]

you came from the holy-land of Walsingham met you not with my true love by the way as you eame ? How should I know your true love, that have met many a one as I came from the holy-land, that have come, that have gone?
'As,
'

'

'

'

She

is

neither white nor brown,

but as the heavens fair; there is none hath a form so divine

on the
'

earth, in the

air.*

Such a one did

I meet,

good

sir,.

with angel-like face: who like a queen doth appear in her gait, in her grace/
'

10

She hath

left

me

here

all

alone,

all

alone and unknown,

who sometimes
and
called

loved

me

as her

life,

15

me

her

own/

THOS. DELONY, i6M Cent.

thou who leavest the church (aedes) of the virgin.

1.
'

'

'

2.

by the way, hac [ecqua pu'It

is

9. [Comp. Ovid, Fasti, ne vana labores/] 10. meet [obvius].

iv.

583,

ella].
3.

ii.

you might think.

[in-

true,

many go and
question

re-

12. gait, gressus, incessus,

turn.'

Avoid
'still

the

and

gredior],
14. alone, incomitatus,

reply here.
4.
5.

non cohers.'

she stands out,' 74. [ligustra], Verg. E. 2. 18.

[simile ant secundum],

mitatus.
16.

'prayed I might be
'ut' if necessary,

7.

69.

Omit

57.

FOR LA TIN ELEG1A CS.

124.

153

WALSINGHAM BALLAD.
left

II.

WHAT 's

the cause she hath

thee alone and a

new way

doth take, that sometimes did love thee as her

thee

life,

and her joy did

make?'
all

'I loved her

my

youth,
:

but

now am

old,

you see
tree.

love liketh not the fallen

fruit,

nor the withered

For love
he
is

is

blind,
is

he

a careless child and forgets promise past: is deaf, when he list, and in faith never fast.

For love and yet a

he
is

a great delight,
joy;
10

trustless

won
lost

with a

word of

despair,

and

is

Nay, love
in the

is

with a toy. a durable

fire,

mind ever burning;

sick,

never

never dead, never cold,

never turning/

15

from

itself

THOS. DELONY, ibth Cent.

idem,

1.

Tell
*

2.
'

me why, &c. thou gavest life and joy/ or

9.

54.

10. 'brings

and

carries

off,'

was life to her to see you.' 3. mark question and reply by some such word as 'dixit,' 68. 4. the brightness, which was
it

fertque rapitque.

n.

'

of one despairing.'
pervigiles

12. toy [munuscula, dona].

13. [Vestam,
vincit.]

ignes

before,

is

gone.
caducus, lapsus.

5. fallen,

14.

[non periturus.]
lan-

6. -withered,

marcidus,

nudus

15. sick, languidus, aeger,

comis.
7. careless, 8.

guens.
procax, protervus.
16. 'leave 39.

his

wonted

path,'

deaf,

non audio, non capio

aure, surdus.

154

HINTS AND HELPS

125.

RELIEF OP LUCKNOW.
of us, a corporal's wife,
gentle thing,

I.

THERE was one

a
fair

young

wasted with fever in the siege,

and her mind was wandering.

She lay on the ground in her Scottish and I took her head on my knee:
1

plaid,

When my father comes hame frae Oh please then waken me.'

{
!

the pleugh,' she said,

She

slept like a child

on her

father's floor
10

in the flecking of

wood-bine shade,

when

the house-dog sprawls

is

by the open door;

stayed.

and the mother's wheel

It

was smoke and

roar,

and powder-stench,
for death
:

and hopeless waiting

but the soldier's wife, like a

full-tired child,

15

seemed scarce

to

draw her breath.

R. T.
S.

LOWELL.

i.

corporal, centurio, [vix annis

6. took, sustineo,
8.
fallit

55.

utilis].
3. siege, obsidio.

[somnus
oculos.]

premit,

opprimit.

furiae, 4. wandering [urgent rabies: lymphor]. 5. Scotch plaid, patria palla,

vestis.

10. wood-bine.

Leave

out,

or

use cerintha, labrusca, vitis. n. house-dog, molossus.

'

14.

una salus mori.'

FOR LA TIN ELEGIA CS.

155

126.
I

BELIEF OP LUCKNOW.
sleep,

II.

SANK to

and

had

my

dream,

of an English village-lane, and wall and garden; a sudden scream

brought
(

me back
Brown

to the roar again.

Then

Jessie

stood listening,

and then a broad gladness broke all over her face, and she took my hand
and drew

me

near and spoke

The Highlander's !
the slogan far

Oh

dinna ye hear

the

awa McGregor's? Ah!

the grandest o'

it's

I ken it weel; them a'.

'God
and

bless thae

bonny Highlanders!

We 're
fell

saved

we 're saved
full

'
!

she cried
to

on her knees, and thanks

God

pour'd forth, like a

flood-tide.

Along the battery-line her cry had fallen among the men: and they started, for they were Was life so near them then?

there to die

R. T.

S.

LOWELL.

1.

dream, somnium [videor].

9.

Highlanders,

cives,

Sccti.

2.

English [notus].
slogan,
tibia.

God bless,
10.

saluto, servet deus.

5. Jessie, ipsa.
7.

[auspicibus vobis.]
72.

Leave

out

12. 13.

Highlanders.
8.

'Nor does she say more.

cry,

McGregor s,

Actorides.

That

&c.

156

HINTS AND HELPS

127.

RELIEF OP LUCKNOW.
and the
rattling

III.
fire

THEY
were

listen'd, for life:

far off,
:

and the

far-off roar

all and the colonel shook his head, and they turned to their guns once more.

Then

Jessie said

'

That

slogan's

dune

but can ye no hear them, noo, The Campbells are comin ? It 's no a dream

our succours hae broken through

'
!

We

heard the roar and the

rattle afar,

but the pipes

so the

we could not hear;

work of hopeless war,
must be heard,
:

men

plied their
that the

and knew
13

end was near.

it

/It was not long ere

1

a shrilling ceaseless sound

was no noise of the

strife

afar,

or the sappers underground.

f

/
(

it

was the pipes of the Highlanders, r and now they play d Auld Lang Syne:' came to our men like the voice of God, and they shouted along the line.
'

15

R. T.

S.

LOWELL.

fire,

machina.
classica,

7.

Campbells, Battiades, or any

2.

roar,

tubae,

any
head,

patronymic,

no dream, non
exerceo,

in-

noise of battle.
3. colonel,

somnia, non vana.

shakes

dux.

n.
[itur].

plied,

instauro

renuo.
4. [spe desperata.]
5.

14. sap, subvecto, effodio

solum.

[primus sonus.]

15.

[carmina cognita, nota.]

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

157

128.

NAUSICAA SOLILOQUISES.
us from the forest

I.

THERE came he on

dim

sea-worn, but like a god in face and limb. Even a king's daughter wonderful and fair might lose her heart unblamed to one like him.

One word
one
he came

of parting was to serve for

all,

last short

word when

to the festival

at evening his face flushed and keen with thoughts of home ; and high along the hall the great gold statues held their torches red; I
*

spoke with loud seas swirling in

Farewell

my

head,

10

; day thou owest thy life's ransom.' Then he said some words in answer: his voice sounded dim

remember

that to

me

this

far off:

the silver pillars

seemed

to

swim
15

before me, and he spoke

and that was the

last

and passed away, word I had of him.

1.

He, Ulysses, dim,

ille,

sublustris.

8. 9.

[ardeo.]

2.

25.
in-

See

63 [fulcrum].
praepono,

3.

unblamed, expers culpae,

10. held, sustineo,

sons.
4. lose heart,

69.

succumbo, do
salus.

fi-

dem,
5.

40.

n. Tis my gift that you live.' Compare Ovid, Heroides, xii. 206.
'

parting.

Use

13. something, nescio quid.

6.
xii. 7.

Compare

Ovid,

Heroides,

14.

far

off,

remotus, amotus.

50.

16.

'He was nowhere?

54.

Use

'determined on going.'

nullus,

158

HINTS AND HELPS

129.

NATJSICAA.

II.

THE twisting-horned slow-swinging oxen low across the fields; light waves in even flow
plash

on the beach; but when he went from us

5

the morning and the sunlight seemed to go. The gods are angry; we shall never be

now

as of old,

when

far

from

all

men we

dwelt in a lonely land and languorous

circled

Why

should I
is

and slumbered by the sleeping sea. live where everything goes wrong,
rest

where hope I will have

for death
is

dead, and only grief lasts long? among the asphodel,

10

stronger, though

my

love be strong.
;

The

last

white stars

the folding mists rise birds twitter

one by one grow the sun meet to up on our dewy orchard trees;
fainter
;

15

day comes; alas!

my

day

is

nearly done.

i.

[tardi

iuvenci,

vis

lenta

7.

[languor
sleeping

membra
sea,

tenet.]

bourn.]
3.

8.

quies marina,
est.

He

indeed goes,

62.
re-

ponti situs.

5.

[tempora prisca redibunt,

n. / zt/zV/, certum
15. /fcw/y, roscida.

ditura.]
6. lonely, reductus.

orchard

trees,

poma.

FOR LA TIN RLE GIA CS.

159

130.

NAPOLEON'S FAREWELL.

arose

FAREWELL to the land, where the gloom of my glory and overshadowed the earth with her name

she abandons

me now

the brightest or blackest,

I

but the page of her story, is filled witn my fame.

5

when
I

have warred with a world which vanquished me only the meteor of conquest allured me too far:

have coped with the nations which dread

me

thus lonely,

the last single captive to millions in war.

Farewell to thee, France

I

when thy diadem crowned me,

the

have made thee the

gem and
I

wonder of

earth,

10

but thy weakness decrees

should leave as I found thee,

decayed in thy glory, and sunk in thy worth. Oh for the veteran hearts that were wasted
!

in strife with the storm,

when

their battles

were

won
!

then the Eagle, whose gaze in that moment was blasted, 15 had still soared with eyes fixed on victory's son

BYRON.

1.
2.

[grandior umbra.]

sands;

now conquered

I frighten

0Vrj^a^?w,obumbro,obtego.
'to-be-marked

thousands.'
9.

3. story, fasti.

4. white,

with

10.

diadem, diadema, aurum. 'thou shinest all the more

chalk,' creta.
6. meteor,

lovely,' [splendidus.]

[nimius laudis amor,

thou-

12. worth, [fides.] 15. blast, laedo, praestringo.

palma mendax.] I conquered 7. 'Then

160

HINTS AND HELPS

131.

BARBARA FRITCHIE.
meadows
rich with corn,

UP from

the

clear in the cool

September morn,

green-walled by the hills of Maryland the clustered spires of Frederick stand.

Round about them

fair

orchards sweep,
fruited deep,

apple and peach-tree

as a garden of the

Lord

to the eyes of the famished rebel horde.

(
I

Forty flags with their silver stars, forty flags with their crimson bars,

in the | flapped
I

morning wind

the sun
10

of noon looked down, and saw not one.

Up

rose old Barbara Fritchie then,

bowed with her fourscore years and

ten

J bravest of all in Frederick town, took up the flag the men hauled down ( she
in her attic-window the staff she set,

to

show

that

one heart was loyal

yet.

Up

the street

came

the rebel tread,

15

Stonewall Jackson riding ahead. Under his slouched hat left and right he glanced; the old flag met his sight.
'Halt!'
' '

the dust-brown ranks stood

fast.

Fire

out blazed the

rifle-blast.

20
;

It
it

shivered the window, pane, rent the banner with seam

and sash and gash.

Quick, as it fell from the broken staff Dame Barbara snatched the silken scarf;

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

she leaned far out on the window-sill,

161

25

and shook
1

it

forth with a royal will.

Shoot, if you must, this old grey head, but spare your country's flag/ she said. shade of sadness, a blush of shame,

{A over
f
I

the face of the leader

the nobler nature within

to
'

life

at that

came; him stirred woman's deed and word

30

touches a hair of yon grey head dies like a dog! March on!' he said.
J.

Who

G. WHITHER.

morning

autumn.

19. halt, sisto.

2.

3.

not yet hot. ' churches and towers;' leave

20. 21.

[hostica tela.]

window
vitreae.

pane,

fenestra,

out Frederick.
4.

morae
after

Maryland was named

10.

23.

Barbara, Beroe.
casura.
'

as

it fell,

Henrietta Maria,
8.

iamiam
24.

garden of the Lord, Elysii

Barbara, anus. 'which the men took down.' 'Stonewall Jackson,' dux.
[strata, plateae.]

the pole

falls,'

hasta.

campi.
11.
1 2.

25. window-sill, e patula fenestra.

15.
1

26. royal will, imperiosus. 28. spate, parco, non violo.

6.

62

HINTS AND HELPS

132.

POOR MATTHIAS.
Found him
you
little

POOR Matthias!
fallen

lying

beneath his perch and dying?

stiff,

Found him
all

say,

convulsed his
!

though warm form?

Poor canary
well he

many

a year
;

"\

knew

his mistress dear

call his

now

in vain

you

name,

( vainly raise his rigid frame,

vainly

warm him
his ruffled

in

your breast,

vainly kiss his golden crest

smooth

plumage

fine,

touch his trembling beak with wine. One more gasp it is the end!

10

dead and mute our tiny friend

Songster thou of

now
(

a year, thee mistress here, brings thy

many

says,

it

fits

that I rehearse,

(tribute asked
f

by

thee,

a verse

15

meed

for daily

song of yore,

1 silent

now

for evermore.

M. ARNOLD.

'
.

Do

you say that you found,'

6.
8.

&c.
2.

warm,

mistress, ipsa. foveo.

4. convulsed,

perch, sedes. cage, cavea. contremuisse.

12. tiny, pusillus. 14.

[donandus carmine.]

FOR LA TIN ELE GIA CS.

163

133.

CANOSSA

1075.

IN the courtyard of Canossa stands the Caesar pale and shivering. through the day so cold and rainy

and in garb of sorrow. he murmurs, but his spirit Prayer

barefoot,
frets against the sore

dishonour,
forest,

thinks of
thinks of

many many

German
them

a gallant liegeman,
here,
10

*O

that I could call

each right arm a sword uprearing, each good battle-axe around me

longing, longing for the battle; then the shavelings who affront soon will fly in wild confusion,

me
15

and before our yeomen banners

soon the Capital would tremble.'

1.

'Overwhelmed
Canusinus, adj.
shiver, horreo.

with

vexa-

volvo.
9.

tion.'
2.

them, say

'

former comrades.'
that

n. 'Would
coupled,
girt

I could
axes.'

go

3.

Use

substantives

with two thousand

14.
4. barefoot,
'

12. [par amor.]

nudus pedem, nudo

13. shavelings,

serva,

servilis

pede, nudus pede.

5.

turba.
14. fly, [diffugio.]

like

one praying.'
dedecus,

6.

dishonmir,

pudor,
re-

[indignus, immeritus.]
7.

15. banners, signa, aquilae. 16. yeomen, agrestes viri.

thinks,

mente

reputo,

64

HINTS AND HELPS

134.

THE BAILIFF'S DAUGHTER OF ISLINGTON.

(NORFOLK.)
1

I.

a youth, and a well-beloved youth, \ and he was a squire's son The loved the bailiffs daughter dear,
(
:

THERE was

that lived in Islington.

JYet she was coy and would

(

not believe

4
|

that he did love her so, nor at any time would she

any countenance to him show. But when his friends did understand his fond and foolish mind,

sent him up to fair London j they an apprentice for to bind. ( JAnd when he had been seven long years, and never his love could see ( ( many a tear have I shed for her sake, when she little thought of me. I all the maids of Islington
;

JThen
\

forth to sport and play but the bailiffs daughter dear: | she secretly stole away. ( / she pulled off her gown of green,
:

went
all

10

\
(

2
(

and put on ragged attire, and to fair London she would go,
her true love to enquire ; as she went along the high road, the weather being hot and dry, she sat her down upon a green bank, 15 and her true love came riding by. PEPYS' Collection.

and

1.

squire, armiger.

10. stole

away, corripiome.
panni.

daughter, villica. 3. coy, [hinnuleae similis.] 4. countenance, v5ta.

2. bailiff's

n. ragged attire,

gown

ofgreen, palla viridis exchange, muto.

[bis tinctus].

6. apprentice, tiro.

years, hiems.]
7.

annus,

[aestas,

ver,

12. love, procus, suns. munita, 13. highroad,

strata

viarum.
bacchor, ludo.
16.

9. sport,

69.

FOR LA TIN ELE GIA CS.

135.

165

THE BAILIFF'S DAUGHTER OF ISLINGTON.

(NORFOLK.)
1

II.

(She started up with colour so red, \ catching hold of his bridle rein,
'

|
(

One

'will ease
'

penny, one penny, kind me of much pain.'

sir,'

she said,

me where you were born At Islington, kind sir,' she said, / 4 \ where I have had many a scorn.'
\ pray tell
'

Before I give you one penny, sweetheart, '

:

r
'

me, whether you know the bailiff's daughter at Islington:' She is dead, sir, long ago/ ( If she be dead, then take my horse,

O
'
'

1 prythee, sweetheart, then tell to

tell

me

my
'Oh

saddle and bridle also

(for I will into

\

some
shall
stay,

far country
10

where no
stay,

man
oh

me know.' thou goodly youth,

she standeth by thy side, she is here, alive, she is not dead,

and ready
'

to

Oh

farewell grief,
I

be thy bride.' and welcome joy,

;

15
I

ten thousand times before

for

15

now
I

whom

have found mine own true love thought I should never see more.'
PEPYS' Collection.

1.

bridle,

habenae.
aes. ease pain,

9. horse, caballus.

2.

penny,

damna

lvo.
Ameria. 'do not conceal what you know,' celo, condo sinu. 8. is dead, fuit, vixit, mortua est,
4. Islington, 6.

10. far country, Syrtes, Gades, barbaries, &c. n. goodly youth, dulcissime

rerum.
12. side,

[adsam, premo latus.]

revise.

16.

found, recipio,

66

HINTS AND HELPS

136.

THE EMPEROR'S

BIRD'S-lfrEST.

I.

ONCE the Emperor Charles of Spain, with his swarthy, grave commanders,
I forget in
3

1 long besieged in

what campaign, mud and

rain,

some old frontier town of Flanders. Up and down the dreary camp,
in great boots of Spanish leather,

striding with a

measured tramp,

these Hidalgos, dull and damp, cursed the Frenchmen, cursed the weather.
as to and fro they went, over upland and through hollow,

{Thus giving

their impatience vent, perched upon the Emperor's

tent,

in her nest, they spied a swallow.

H. W. LONGFELLOW.

1. 2.

had girded himself to war.' commanders, ora ducum.

'

8.
*

curse,

increpito.

weather,

winds.'
9.

4.
5.

Flanders, [bibit Rhenum.]

dreary, taedia.
boots, caligae.

hollow, lacuna, lama.

10. impatience, bills.

6.

n. Emperor's

tent, praetoria.

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

167

137.

THE EMPEROR'S
YES,
it

BIRD'S-NEST.
nest,

II.

was a swallow's

built of clay
/

and hair of

horses,

<

mane, or tail, or dragoon's crest, found on hedge-rows east and west,

skirmish of the forces.
old Hidalgo said,
5

I after

Then an
Sure
this

as he twirled his gray mustachio,

swallow overhead

{'

thinks the Emperor's tent a shed, ' and the Emperor but a Macho
!

Hearing
( half in
1

his imperial

name
10

coupled with those words of malice,

anger, half in shame,
1

< forth the great

I

campaigner came from his canvas palace. slowly 'Let no hand the bird molest/

said he solemnly, 'nor hurt her!'

f
I

Adding then by way of

'Golondrina
is

jest,

^<

my

guest,
'

15
!

( 'tis

the wife of

some

deserter

H. W. LONGFELLOW.

2.

clay, lutei Lares.

8.

Macho, mulus.

3.

mane, &c., villus. hedge-row,

Hidalgo, Hispanus,

9.

septa, [tesqua.]
5.

[nomina suum nmlique iungi.] u. campaign, [debello] ornatus

15.

tot triumphis.

6. twirl,
7.

[barbam mulceo.]
tent, praetSria.

Golondrina, Philomela.

Emperors

16. deserter, profugus.

68

HINTS AND HELPS

138.

THE EMPEROR'S

BIRD'S -NEST.

III.

SWIFT as bowstring speeds a shaft,' through the camp was spread the rumour,
(

and the

soldiers, as

they quaffed

<

laughed vat the Emperor's pleasant humour.

Flemish beer

at dinner,

So unharmed and unafraid sat the swallow still and brooded, till the constant cannonade through the walls a breach had made, and the siege was thus concluded.

Then
struck

the
its

army elsewhere
tents as
if

bent,
10

disbanding,
tent,

only not the Emperor's

for

he ordered, ere he went, very curtly, 'Leave it standing!'

So

it

stood there

all

alone,

loosely flapping, torn and tattered, till the brood was fledged and flown,

singing o'er those walls of stone which the cannon-shot had shattered.

H. W. LONGFELLOW.

3.

quaffed)

&c.
is

[posita

inter

10.

Emperor s
do

tent, regia tecta,

pocula],
4.

domus.
mild,

'how he

and how

11. order,
14.
tatters,

iussa.

humorous,' facetus.
8. siege, obsidio.

torn,

dilacero,

dilanio.

fragmen.

FOR LA TIN ELE GIA CS.

169

139.

NAPOLEON AND THE

SAILOR.

I.

'TWAS when his banners at Boulogne armed in our island every freeman,
his navy chanced to capture one poor British seaman.

They suffered him, I know not how, unprisoned on the shore to roam; and aye was bent his youthful brow
on England's home.
(

1
f

His eye, methinks, pursued the flight of birds to Britain, half way over, with envy they could reach the white
dear
cliffs

1
f

of Dover.

10

A u
I

stormy midnight watch, he thought, than this sojourn would have been dearer,
if

but the storm his vessel brought

to

England nearer.
last,

At

when

care had banished sleep,

he saw one morning, dreaming, doating, an empty hogshead from the deep

15

come shoreward

floating.

T. CAMPBELL.

1.

Bononia [Gallus tyrannus].

[tessera.]
'

7.

[obtiitu tenet.]
birds,
7.

2. 3.

9.

One

6.

'

against thousands.' think they, scarce can safety

if-he-do- wander.'

10. cliffs

of Dover,

littora nota.

14. [Incertum vigllans.]

15. hogshead, cadus.

be

won back

70

HINTS AND HELPS

140.

NAPOLEON AND THE

hid
it

SAILOR.

II.

HE
until

in a cave,

and wrought

the live-long day, laborious, lurking,

he launched a tiny boat

by mighty working.
^
I

'twas a thing beyond a wretched wherry Such description f ne'er ventured on a pond perhaps
(

Oh, dear

me
!

or crossed a ferry.

(
I

For ploughing on the salt sea field, it would have made the boldest shudder

/untarred, uncompassed, and unkeJed \ I no sail, no rudder From neighbouring woods he interlaced
!

his sorry skiff with wattled willows

10

and thus equipped he would have passed the foaming billows. A French guard caught him on the beach,
his
till

little

Argo

sorely jeering,

tidings of

him chanced

to reach

15

Napoleon's hearing.

T. CAMPBELL.

2.

'cheats the day with industry,'

'

9.

willow,

salignus.

branches,

sedulitas.
3.

trabes.

how

small a boat finished

interlace, implico. sorry, rimosus, vilis, sordidus.

by how great labour,' quantulus. 5. [Quin me musa iuvas?], mock-heroic style.

6.
8.

12.

would have passed,

'

45.

13.

pond, stagnum.
rudder^ moderamen.

guard, exciibiae. what a joke was our lason.' 14.

16. 10.

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

'

171

141.

NAPOLEON AND THE

WITH
folded arms

SAILOR.
stood,

III.

f
I

Napoleon
attitude
:

serene alike in peace and danger,

in his

fand
I

wonted

addressed the stranger

'Rash youth, on twigs and

thy heart with

that wouldst

yon Channel pass

lass
5

staves so rudely fashioned,

some sweet English

must be impassioned/
'

have no sweetheart/ said the

lad,

'but absent years from one another,

great
to see

was the longing

that I

had
10

my

mother.'

'And

so thou shalt/

Napoleon said:

'you've both my favour justly won: a noble mother must have bred
so brave a son/
(

He

I
f
(

and with a and

gave the tar a piece of gold, flag of truce, commanded

safely landed.

he should be shipped to England Old T. CAMPBELL.

i. serene, serenus, placidus, lentus [contemplor].

n. 'thy mother whom thou wishest to see, see thou shalt/

12.

4.

a twig, vimen,
'

[fascis.]

staff,

&?M,uterque, mater natusque.

palus.
9.

13. Farewell;
I prefer

good

luck.

nothing to a mother.'

14.

[non poterat genuisse.]

172

HINTS AND HELPS

142.

THE SOLITUDE OF ALEXANDER SELKIRK.

AM monarch of
right there
is

all

I survey;

my
I

none

to dispute;

from the centre

all

round to the sea

am

lord of the fowl and the brute.

!

Solitude

where are the charms

that sages have seen in thy face?

Better dwell in the midst of alarms

than reign in this horrible place. 1 am out of humanity's reach,

must finish my journey alone, never hear the sweet music of speech;
I I start at the

10

sound of

my

own.
the plain
;

The

beasts that

roam over

my

form with indifference see

tameness

they are so unacquainted with man,

their
is

15

shocking to me.

W. COWPER.

i.

[Sine vindice nostrum est.]

talk,'

[homo, human us].

66.

4. 5.
7.

repeat Imperito.

10. alone,

[Demens qui

cecinit.]

12. start at, tremo, aufugio. 13. [Ipsa adeo ferarum agmina.] 16. tameness, 67.

[Barbaric septus.]

9.

'A man

may not

use man's

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

173

143.

THE SOLITUDE OF ALEXANDER SELKIRK.

II.

YE

winds that have made

me

your

sport,

convey

to this desolate shore

some

cordial endearing report

visit

of a land I shall

no more

my

friends,

do they now and then send

a wish or a thought after me? O tell me I yet have a friend,

though a friend

am

never to see.

How

fleet is

Compared

a glance of the mind! with the speed of its flight,

10

the tempest itself lags behind, and the swift-winged arrows of light. When I think of my own native land
in a

moment
!

seem

to be there;

but alas

recollection at

hand

15

soon hurries

me back

to despair.

W. COWPER.

2.

make

sport, ludifico.

7.

Only

let there

be

who

follow

3. 'will

ever

some pledge of
?'

me

with love.

love be claimed
'

8. let

one love

me though never

4.

will

it

words back
soil?'
5.
['

be granted to send to the well-known

tot

to be seen.
10. [transvolito.] 13. think of, recolo.
15.
1 6.

De

modo

patribus

[species vanescit.]

unus.']

despair } spes nulla.

174

HINTS AND HELPS

144.

INVITATION.

UP! up!
up! up!

my

Friend, and quit your books,

or surely you'll

grow double;

why The

all

Friend, and clear your looks, this toil and trouble?

my

sun, above the mountain's head,

a freshening lustre mellow

through

all

the long green fields has spread,

his first sweet evening yellow.

Books

'tis

a dull and endless

,

strife

come, hear the woodland how sweet his music on

!

linnet,

10

my
it.

life,

there

's

more of wisdom
!

in

And hark how blithe the throstle He too is no mean preacher;

come
let

sings

forth into the

life

of things,

Nature be your teacher.

W. WORDSWORTH.

'
.

books, libri, chartae, tabulae,

9.

what have you

'

(to do) with

scripta.
2.

papers ?
10. dost

double [corpora curva, duplex

hear

how

the linnet

genu].
3.

sings? galbiila.
11.

[spem fronte sereno.]

studium, labor. freshen, renovo, novo. mellow, maturus.
evening,

wisdom, doctrina, sapientia.

4. trouble,
5.

13. throstle, turdus. 14. preacher, magister.

6.
8.

15. life of things, tenor rerum.

1 6.

Hesperius, vesper-

nature [omnia].

tinus.

FOR LA TIN ELE GIA CS.

75

145.

LOSS OF THE ROYAL GEORGE.

TOLL for the brave The brave that are no more
!

I.

All sunk beneath the

fast

wave

by

their native shore.

5

Eight hundred of the brave,

whose courage well was tried, had made the vessel heel
and
laid her

on her

side.

land-breeze shook the shrouds

10

and she was overset; down went the Royal George, with all her crew complete.
Toll for the brave!

Brave Kempenfelt
his

is

gone;
15

his last sea-fight is fought,

work

of glory done.

T. CAMPBELL.

1. 2.

/0//[nenia,funebresquerellae].

8.

make

reel,

premo
de

latus.

no more [pereo, depereo].

'

9. land-breeze,

terris orta.

4.

In vain was close by,' [provirtus,

fides,

pinquus.]
5. courage, specto, tento.

10. 'the keel floats, where should have (use debeo) floated the prow/

try,

45.

n.
four

call the ship

6.
three.'
7.

'twice

hundred

and

12. 'planks

ChTmaera. and men have dis62.

verse.

appeared.'
careless band,

Repeat the verb,

'Ah

what are
to trust

13. slightly 14. 'the

9.

vary

you doing ? you are wrong

42-

captain,

our

glory,'

the wave.' [male cautus, securus],

HINTS AND HELPS

146,

LOSS OP

THE ROYAL GEORGE.

II.

IT was not in the battle; no tempest gave the shock; she sprang no fatal leak, she ran upon no rock. His sword was in its sheath,
his fingers held the pen,

when Kempenfelt went down,

with twice four hundred men.

Her
full

timbers yet are sound,

float again,

and she may

TO

charged with England's thunder and plough the distant main:

but Kempenfelt
is

gone,

his victories are o'er;

and he and
shall

his eight

hundred

15

plough the wave no more. T. CAMPBELL.

1.

'did the prow sink','

shock, plaga.

sub-

sido, merger.
2.

10. float stauro vias.

again,

renovo,

in-

n. ^ar^*/ [tonitrua iacto, hosti

minor].
13.

3. leak,
5.

rima, fissura, .foramen.

stilus.

sheath, vagina.

gone

[fleo

ademptum].
decus,nomen.]

6.
9.

pen, pluma,

14. [periit gloria,

sound, integer.

FOR LA TIN ELEGIA CS.

77

147.

LAMENT FOR WALSIWGHAM.

whom
IN the wrackes of Walsingham should I chuse

I.

but the

Queen

of

Walsingham
?

to be guide to

my muse

Then thou
grant

Prince of Walsingham

me
woe
was

to

frame

bitter plaints to
bitter

for thy
it,

rewe thy wronge, name.

to

Bitter

oh!

see
10

the seely sheepe

murdered by the raveninge wolves

while the sheephardes did sleep
Bitter
!

was

it,

oh

to

vewe

the sacred vyne,

whiles the gardiners placed rooted up by the swine.

Bitter,
bitter,

all

close,

15

oh!

to behold

growe where the walls of Walsingham

! so
stately did shewe.

the grape to

EARL OF ARUNDEL,

i6th Cent.

1.

wrackes, ruinae.
'

Walsing-

8.

'men who

dishonour

thy

ham Abbey, Templum, aedes. 2. who is to steer my song ?'

3.

name.'
14. sacred vine, trabs
vitis.

sacrata,

4.

Holy Virgin. Compare Ovid, Fasti,

Qtteen,
'

i.

466,

17. grapes, labrusca. 18.

&c.
5.

[basis orba.]

Prince,

hallowed

son.'

178

HINTS AND HELPS

148.
( I f
1

LAMENT FOB WALSINGHAM.

SUCH were the workes of Walsingham
while she did stand
!

II.

Such are the wrackes as now do shewe

of that holy land Level, level, with the ground the towres do lie,
!

f
I

(
I

their golden glittering tops once to the sky pierced Where were gates no gates are now;
!

which with

the waies

unknowen,

while the presse of peers did passe while her fame far was bio wen.

lately

Oules do scrike where the sweetest hymns were songe

:

10

toade's

and serpents hold

their

dennes

(
I

where the palmers did thronge. Weepe, weepe, oh Walsingham, whose dayes are nights ;
blessinge turn to

blasphemies,
!

\ holy deeds to despite

_

Sinne

is

where our

ladie sat,
15

(heaven turned is to hell: f Satan sits where our Lord did swaye. oh farewell I Walsingham,
! !

EARL OF ARUNDEL,
2.

i6th Cent.

shew, videor, supersum.

9.

owl, noctua.
toad, bufo.

4. sky, astra.
5.

n.
frequentes,

dens, lustrum,

no gates

[atria nuda].

cavum.
14. blasphemies, crimina. 16. Satan, 'death, mischief.'

7. peers, pia turba.

proceres

FOR LATIN ELEGIACS.

179

149.

DON RODERICK'S
!

VISION.

THEY come

I see the groaning lands they come white with the turbans of each Arab horde ;
!

swart Zaarah joins her unbelieving bands, Alia and Mahomet their battle-word,
the choice they yield, the Koran or the Sword See how the Christians rush to arms amain
!

In yonder shout the voice of conflict roared,

the

now,
'

God and
Spain!

shadowy hosts are closing on the plain Saint lago strike, for the good cause of
the

By Heaven
The
is

Moors

prevail

the Christians yield

flight the

Their coward leader gives for

sign

10

sceptred craven mounts to quit the field not yon steed Orelio ? Yes, 'tis mine But never was she turned from battle-line
! :

lo

where the recreant spurs o'er stock and stone

! ' '

f I

Curses pursue the slave, and wrath divine 15 Rivers ingulph him Hush/ in shuddering tone,
!

the

Prelate

said

'-rash

Prince,

yon visioned form

SCOTT.

's

thine own.'

groan, gemo, reclame. turban, mitra. Arab, Arabs, Arabians.

1. 2.

'Die, or 5. Use imperatives. swear in the words of the prophet.'

8.

S.Iago, sanctus Jacobus,

10.

3.

Zaarah, Africa.

9.

4.

Mahomet, vates. battle-word,

Moors, Mauri. 12. leave out Orelio

[Fallor

tessera.

an?].

i8o

HINTS AND HELPS

150.

LITTLE NORAH.

FAIR little girl sat under a tree, sewing as long as her eyes could see she smoothed her work and folded it

right,

and said, 'Dear work, good night, good night/ Such a number of rooks flew over her head, crying, Caw, caw, on their way to bed
;

she said, as she watched their curious flight, 'Little black things, good night, good night/ The horses neighed, and the oxen lowed, ( and the sheep's bleat-bleat came over the road, 10 < all seeming to say with a quiet delight,
little girl, good night, good night/ She did not say to the sun good night, j \ though she saw him there like a ball of light she knew that he had God's time to keep all over the world, and never could {for sleep.

'Good

13

pink foxglove bowed his head, and went to bed; and good little - - tied up her hair, 4 j said on her knees her evening- prayer. 1 and And while on her pillow she softly lay, _ | 5 again it was day; \ she heard nothing more till again
(
(

The

tall

the violets curtsied,

(
I

and
'

all

things said to the beautiful sun,

Good morning, good morning, our work has begun. LORD HOUGHTON.

2.

as long as, quantum. sew, suo, traho fila.

9. neigh,

hinnio.

low, miigio.

bleat, balo.

3.

smooth, demulceo.

fold, du-

12.

[insomnis.]
v5ta,

plico [loculo repono].

4.

13. foxglove, baccar.

good night, nox eat placida,

lenis.

14. say prayer, fundo, reddo.

16.

pieces

5.
6.

number,

vis.

work, opus, pensum.

caw, crocito.

FOR LA TIN ELEGIA CS.

81

151.

THE FIRE OP LONDON.

[From Annus
Mirabilis.]
fire,

SUCH was the

which, in

rise

of this prodigious
first

mean

buildings

obscurely bred,

from thence did soon to open streets aspire, and straight to palaces and temples spread.

The

diligence of trades,

and

noiseful

gain,

and luxury, more late, asleep were laid; all was the Night's, and in her silent reign

no sound the
In
this

rest

of Nature did invade.

deep quiet from what source unknown,

fire

those seeds of

their fatal birth disclose;

10

few scattering sparks about were blown, with the flames that to our ruin rose. big
first

and

in some close-pent room it crept along, and, smouldering as it went, in silence fed; till the infant monster, with devouring strong

Then

15

walked boldly upright with exalted head.

DRYDEN.

2.

mean

buildings, casae, lares

II.
illic.]

spark, scintilla,

[rara,

hie

viles, exigui.
3. aspire,

4. palaces,

bacchor, comissor. regia tecta, dorrms

12. [pestis acerba, caeca ruina.] 13. creeps, serpo, insinuo.

procerum. 5. Put concrete rnercator, caupo. 8. nature, omnia, res [ubique],

9. source, fons, origo

14. feeds, alimenta traho.

'

15.
16.

raises itself into the air.'

walk, ingredior.

[unde].

VOCABULARY.
abound,
a,

abundo, supersuper].
;

accelerate,
lero,

mature,

ce-

unus.

sum [sum
ad,

abaisance, obsequium. abandon, desero, destituo.

about, (prep.} circa, sub,

circum

(adv.}

abandoned, perditus.
abase,

am

circa, fere, ferme. about to, in animo

propero. accept, accipio, admitto. acceptable, gratus, acceptus, accipiendus.

access, aditus, accessus.
accessible,
facilis,

minuo, premo. abash, pudore afficio. abate, elevo (of wind}

;

habeo,
part,

sum

with fut.
siiperus
;

per-

vius, ingrediendus.
(adj.}

above,
abreast,

steraor.
abbatis, obex.

(adv.} supra, prae.

accessory, conscius. accident, casus, ibrs.

abbot,

abbas [pater, pon-

tifex].

abbreviate,

minuo.
con-

par [latus tegoj. abridge, contraho. abroad, (adj.} peregrinus; (acfo.)foris, peregre. abrupt, praeruptus, prae-

accommodate,
gero.

morem

abdicate, abdico, resigno.

abet, iiivo, auxilior,

accompany, prosequor, deduce ; comitor, (part.} comitatus pass.

:

takes abl.

scius

sum.

abhor, fastidio, in odio

ceps. absence, absentia.

absent, absens.

accomplice, conscius, particeps.

habeo.
abide,

accomplish, perficio, per-

maneo,
ingenium

habito,
[opis],

am

absent,

absum, desi[tyran-

cole.
ability,

deror.
absolute,

ago, obeo, efficio. accomplished, doctus, hu-

merus

manus.
accost,

abject, vilis,

sordidus. abjure, renuncio.

able,

nus].
absolutely, tus.

alloquor,

adfor,

omnino, pem-

compello, aggredior.
account, cura, ratio,

potens

[possum,

sufficio, valeo],

ablution, lustrum.

absolve, absolve. absorb, haurio.

abstain, abstineo, parco.

on account

of,

ob, prop-

ter [vicem].

abnegate, renuo. abnormal, nevus.

accountable, reus.
accursed,
cer.

abstemious, parcus.
lar.

nefastus,

sa-

aboard [conscendo].
abode, sedes,
abolish,

domus,

absurd, dus.

ineptus,

absur-

accuse, accuse, facie

reum
im-

dissolve, perdo, pessum do. abolition [ruina, finis! . detestatus, abominable,

tollo,

abundant, dives, uber. abuse (ill-treat}, abutor,

;

[imputo].
accustom,

exerceo,

amcio malo (revile} bue, maledico [regero con- be accustomed,

vicia, probra]. abusive, probrosus.
abyss,

soleo, as(v.}

exsecrandus, infandus,
sacer.

suesco.
ache, (s.} dolor
leo.
;

do-

aboriginal [terrae filius]

abortive, turus.
irritus,

imma-

profunda, (n. pi} barathrum, gurges. academy, ludus.

achieve [accomplish^, achievement, facinus, res.

i8 4
acknowledge,
fateor.

VOCABULARY.
agnosco,
'

acorn, glans. acquaint, facio certum.

acquiesce,

adorned, decorus. adornment, cultus, ornatus, decor. adult, adultus [pubesl.

advance, (.) progredior, incedo, provehor.
(a.)

iterum rursus, again, [novus]. against, in, contra, adversus.

baud abnuo.

age,

anni

(/>/.)

aetas,
se-

acquire, acquire.
acquit, absolve, purgo.
:

aevum, seculum.
old
age, necta.
senectus,

promoveo,

infero.

acre,

iugerum.

in advance, ante.

across, trans, per.

act,

advantage, bonum, com-

ago, facta patro gero].

strenuus,

[me
j

modum,

utilitas.

be of advantage, prosum.
advantageous,
utilis.

aghast, stupefactus. ago, abhinc, dudum. agony, dolor.

actions, res gestae.

active,

agilis,

officiosus.

adverse, sus.

ad versus,

in fen -

consentio, agree, venio.

tus, aid,

con-

agreeable, probatus, gra-

actually, scilicet, ultro. acute, acutus, acer.

be

adverse,
sto.

obsum, ob-

commodus.

adamant, adamas.
adapted,
tus.

adversity, res adversae.

auxilium, subsidium, opis gen ; (v.} adiuvo,

commodus, ap-

advice, consilium.
advise,

iuvo.

suadeo,

hortor,

add, addo, adicio.

be-adde, accedo.

consilior.
adviser, auctor, suasor.

doleo, aegroto. aim, intendo, peto, volo. air, aer, aether, aura ;
ail,
<

adder, coluber. addicted, deditus.

address, alloquor, adept, peritus. adhere, cohaereo.
aflfor.

advocate, patronus.
affair, res.
affect,

habitus [sub divo]. /arm, pavor; (v.} turbo,

afficio,

moveo,

affecto, simulo.
affected, simulatus,fictus.

terreo, exanimo. be alarmed, trepido.

alas, heu, eheu, vae, hei.

adherent, fautor ; in pi. use mei, tui, sui.

adieu, vale

affection, affectus,

amor,

pietas.
afflict, afficio,

albatross [ardea]. alder, alnus.

alert, alacer,

[summa voce
contiguus,

vexo.

prompt us.

saluto].

afflicted,

aeger, confectus,

alien,

adjoining, iunctus.
adjust,

miser.

peregrinus, externus, alienus.

insido.

be

afflicted,

laboro.

alight, desilio, descendo,

alike,

renovo [revoco].

afford, praebeo, sufficio,

admiral, praefectus, qui

classi praeest.

suppedito.
affright,

simul,

pariter

terreo
afficio
;

admire, admiror, laudo,

metu

pavore, terrorem

[idem],
alive, vivus.

amo.
admit, admitto, accipio, recepto, concede, it is admitted, constat.
admitting, licet, licebit.

inciitio.

be

affront, see insult,

all,

afloat, suspensus. be a .oat, nato.

afresh, [integer.]
after,

sum. omnis, cunctus [nemo non].

alive, vivo,
all,

at

omnino.
pono.

allay, placo, sedo,

admonish, moneo.
adopt, suscipio. adorable, colendus, venerandus.

post, ab, ex, sub

[posterior, secundus].

allegiance, fides, officium. alliance, foedus.

allot, distribuo.

afternoon,

(co/.) postquam. post medium

allow,
it is

patior, sino, con-

adore, colo. adoro, veneror.

diem
afterwards, inde, post ea (not in fifth foot).

cede.
allowed, fas, licet. allowance, venia, pensa.

adorn, orno, decoro.

VOCABULARY.
ally, socius.

i8 5
applaud, plaudo, faveo. plausus, voces faventium.

and,
(n. p.}.

et,

atque, -que.

almost, fere, ferme.

anew, de novo, ab intein-

applause,

alms,
alone,

munera

unus, s5lus, comitatus.

gro. angel, caelestis [genius]. anger, ira, furor, bilis.

apple, malum. apply, adhibeo, applico.

along, praeter, per. aloud [voce]. also, etiam [idem].

altar, ara, altare.
alter,

angry, iratus. be angry, succenseo, irascor, stomachor.

apprentice,

discipulus,

alumnus.
accedo, propinguo, aggredior. approve, pro bo, comprobo. mala, apricot [aurea
approach,

muto. alternate, altemor;

alternus.

anguish, luctus, dolor.

(adj.}

angor,

alternately, per vices.

animal, fera, animal. ankle [sura], talus. announce, nuntio.

annoy,

although,
altogether,

licet,

quamvis, omnino, nun-

licebit, etsi, ut.

quam non
always, semper. amaze, stupefacio. be amazed, obstupesco.

vexo, sollicito, fatlgo, exerceo. annual, annuus. annul, deleo, rescindo.

anoint, ungo.

poma aprica]. April, Aprilis (adj.}.

apt, aptus, idoneus.

arable,

arbitrary,

arandus [arva]. imperiosus

anon,

continue

[nee

mora].
another, alius, alter [alias,
alibi, alio, aliter]. another's, alienus.

[sine vindice]. arbour, umbraculum. arena, arena.

arise,

ambition, ambitio, gloria, laudis amor, cupido.

ambttsh, insidiae, tacta.
lie in

suborior,

orior,

subsilio.

arma-

arm,
re-

bracbium,

torus,

answer,
fero,

respondeo,

lacertus, ulna.

ambush, insidior. amend, corrigo, emendo.

suavis, amabilis.

do responsa.
occupo, prae-

army, exercitus, agmen,

acies [miles, pedesj. around, circum, undique [medius, adj.'].
arouse, excito, suscito.

anticipate,

amiable,

cipio, antevolo. anvil, incus.

anxiety, cura,

amid, inter [medius]. amiss, pravus, malus. take amiss, aegre fero.

an xi etas, be anxious, laboro.

quis, quivis, quisf ecquis.

arrange,

dispono,

con-

any,

stituo, colloco.

among,
dius].

in,

inter

[me-

quam.
any
anywhere, usquam. apart, reductus, diversus,
rarus.

array, orno, instruo.

arrest, corripio.

amount, summa. ample, amplus, magnus,

ancestor,

arrive,

pervenio,

adeo,

adsum.
arrogance, fastus, superbia.

spatiosus. avus, proavus,

apologize, excuso.

atavus [imago].
ancestral, avitus, patrius.

apparent, apertus, manifestus [species].

arrow, sagitta.
art, ars, tas.

dolus,

dexterivafer,

ancestry [patres].

apparition, species,
[iacio,

simu

anchor,

ancora

lacrum.
appear, videor, appareo,

artful,

dolosus,

solvo]. ancient, antiquus, vetus,

priscus,vetustus,prior, qui fuit ante.
anciently,

callidus.
artillery, tela (n. pi.}, artless, simplex, sine arte.
as,

adsum.
appearance, habitus, visus, vultus, frons,
species. appease, placo, mulceo.
appetite,

olim,

quon-

qualiter, sicut, ut, velut, ceu ; (when) ut,

dam,

prius, ante, tern-

pore in antiquo.

cupido, fames.

postquam quod, quum.

;

(since}

i86
ash, fraxinus, ornus.

VOCABULARY.
away, absens, e visu. awe, metus, reverentia. awkwardly, laeve. awning, velamen.
axe, securis.

ashamed, pudibundus. be ashamed, me pudet,

bargain, pactum. bark, (v.} latro, latratum exerceo.

barns, horrea

pudor habet, pudore

afficior.

(.

pi.}.

barrel, cadus, ddlium.

ashes, cinis.

ask, rogo, flagito, posco,

B.
babble, niigae.

oro, obsecro.

barren, barricade, obiex, septum. barrier, claustrum, career.

sterilis.

askance, obliquus. ass, asinus.

peto, aggredior, lacesso, irruo. assembly, coetus, conci-

assail,

babbler, garrulus. babe, infans.

barter,

muto.

base, turpis. infamis.

bachelor, coelebs.

bashful, verecundus.

back, tergum,

dorsum.

bask, apricor,

rapio so-

lium.
assent,

annuo.
iuvo,

on-back, supinus. back, (adj.} retro.

lem.
bathe, lavor,

abluo me.
certa-

assert, affirmo. iuro.

assist,

backward, (adj.} segnis,

iners.

batter, ferio, percutio.

battle,

me

opem,

auxilior,

adsum, fero addo

pugna,

socium.

assistance, auxilium, ops,

backdoor, post! cum. bad, malus, pravus, vitiosus, laevus.

baffle,

men.
bay, sinus, (tree} laurus. be, sum, versor.

subsidium, socia arma,

salus, spes.

badge, insigne. eludo, fallo.

beach, littus, ora.

beak, rostrum.

assuage,
[allay].
assure,

mitigo,
^

lenio
certo.

bag [loculus], crumena,

saccus.

beam, trabs, robur, tignum, radius iubar.

bear, fero, perfero, gero,

assume, accipio pro

baggage, sarcina.
bailiff, villicus.

do fidem.

pario
beast,

(n.} urstis.

astonish, stupefacio, terreo.

at, ad, in.

bait, esca.

monstrum.
;

bake,

coquo.

beat, vinco, supero, ferio, pi.}.

balminess,

alma (.

atrocity, scelus, facinus.

band, turba, mantis, caterva.

verbero plango, (v. n.} mlco, palpito.

beautiful,

pulcher,

for-

(.) impetus.
attempt, tento, experior
(n.)
;

bandage, fomentum.
bandit, latro.

mosus, venustas, speciosus, decSrus. beauty, decor, gratia, vo-

periculum, periclum. attend, do aures ; conies

eo.
attract, prolecto. attract to oneself,
cilio.

bane, pernicies, malum. baneful, pernicicsus, malus.

luptas, decus, venus. because, quod, quum.

beckon, niito, innuo. become, fio (fier-), cado,

banish, pello, ago, eicio.

be banished, exulo.
conbanishment, exilium. bank, rlpa.
banquet,
(pi.},

venio.
bed,

thalamus,

torus,

augury, augurium.
auspicious, dexter,
avail,
felix.

coena,

dapes

lectus, ciibile.

prosum, valeo.

bar, claudo, obstruo, im-

keep-bed, cubo, aegr5to. bee, apis [examen],

beech, fagus
;

avoid, vito, fugio, aufugio.

await,

maneo, exspecto.

awake, excitor, exsilio ; (tr.} excito, exstimulo.

pedio. barbarous, barbarus, atrox, inhumanus. bare, nudus ; (v.} detego, nudo.

(adj.} fagi-

nus.
before,

ante,
;

coram
(adv.}

pro, prae, prior ; ante, prius,

(adj.}

VOCABULARY.
olim
;

187
block,
j

(conj.}

ante-

bewilder, sollicitum, du-

lignum, stipes.
(n.}

quam. go fo/ore,praecedo,praegredior [occupo].

beg, oro, obsecro, rogo,

bium reddo.
beyond, ultra, trans, praeter, supra ; (adj.) ulterior.

blockade,

obsidio,

obsidium.
blockway, obsto, obstruo. blood, cruor, sanguis,
sanies.

precor.
beget,

bid,

iubeo,

impero,

gigno,

genero,

mando, voco.
bier,

bloodhound, molossus.

pario.

rogus, feretrum.

beggar, mendlcus.
begin, incipio, instituo.

big,

magnus,

amplus,
sono.

blood-stained, lentus.

sangumo-

ordior,

spatiosus.
talk-big,
bill,

magna

bloom, flos, color. fl5res induo, blossom,

floreo.
blot,

beginning,

principium,

bile, bilis.

coeptum.
beguile, fallo, decipio.

securis.

billhook, falx.

(v.)

labes macula, maculo, foedo,

behind, pone terior.

(adj.} pos-

billow, fluctus, aestus.

billowy, undosus.

behold, aspicio, specto. belief, fides.

believe, credo, confido.

bind, vincio, ligo, necto. birch, betula. bird, avis, ales, volucris.

deleo. blow, spiro, flo, anhelo. blue, caeruleus, caeralus,

believe-m.e, scilicet.

birdlime, viscum.
give-birth, pario.
bite,

believing, credulus.

glaucus. blunder, erro, fallor. blunt, hebeo, retusus. blush, rubeo ; (.) rubor.
boar, verres, aper.

campana. bellow, mugio.

bell,

bitter,
;

mordeo, r5do. acerbus, amarus.

niger,
ater,
livi-

board,
(v.)

below, sub, subter, infra

belt,

blackbird, merula.
black,

mensa, tabula conscendo.

(adj.} inferus, inferior.

boast, tacto, glorior.

balteus, z5na.

dus.

bend, flecto, curvo. bended, duplex, recurvus.

be black, nigro, nigresco.

blade, acies, tonsa.

boast oneself, profiteor. boast not, nego.

boasting, tumidus.
boat,

bending, flexilis, pronus. bequeath, lego. bereave, orbo. bereft, orbus.

berry, bacca.
beseech, oro, obsecro. circumsedeo, cir-

increpo, culpo, arguo, increpito; (.) culpa, crimen. bland, suavis, blandus.
blast, flatus,

blame,

cyaibsi

(or

any

part}. body, corpus, caterva.

flamen. blaze, exardesco, ardeo.

blear-eyed, lippus.
bleat, balo,

bog, patus, lama. boil, ferveo.

boisterous, fervidus.

beset,

bold, fortis, audax, acer.

bolt,

cumdo, cingo.
besiege, obsideo,

claustrum.

oppug-

no. besmear, lino.

bes'ow, dono, praebeo.
betray, prodo, trado [arguo]. betroth, spondeo.

bleed, fundo sanguinem. blemish, macula, labes. blend, misceo, coniungo. bless, "beo, augeo, felicem

bond, vinculum, catena. bondage, servitium.

bondsman, vas (vadis

servus.
lone, os (ossis g.}.

g.},

reddo.
blessings, fausta (n. />/.)
;

book,

liber,

libellus,

munera

(n. pi.},

between, [in
ter.

medium]

in-

blight, roblgo. blind, caecus, oculis

tus.
bliss,

cap-

doleo, lugeo, lamentor. beware, caveo, praecaveo.

bewail, ploro,

scrip ta (/>/.). boon, gratia, munus. boor, rusticus, agrestis. booth, taberna.
booty, praeda, spolium. border, margo, ora, finis

dulcedo.

blithe, hilaris.

i88
ambio, (v.) cingo, praetexo. bordering, finitimus, proximus.
born, natus, satus, editus, ortus.

VOCABULARY.
brass, aes; (adj.} aereus,

aeratus, aeneus. brave, fortis, impavidus,

brood, proles, progenies ; (over, v.), alo, foveo,

pasco.
brook, rivus, rivulus; (v.) fero, patior.

audax.
brave-deeds, laudes
bray, rudo. breach, ruina.
(/>/.).

broom, genista.
brother,
frater,

borrow, sumo mutuum. borrowed, mutuus, alienus.

consan-

bosom, sinus, gremium.

bo'k, ambo, uterque. both parties, utrique [ut-

bread, panis. break, rumpo, dissocio, pango, violo,

guineus.
brotherly, fraternus. brown, fuscus.
bruise,

break break

in,
-

interrumpo.
-

pango, contundo.

into

light,

scin-

bruised, llvidus.

rinque, utrobique].
bottle,

tillo.

brush,
brutal,

amphora, lagena.
fundus,
.

breast, pectus.

cauda ; (v.~) verro. inhumanus.

scutum.

bottom,

radix
frons,

breath, flatus, spiritus.

bucket, urna.

[imus
bough,

breathe forth, exspiro.

breathless, anhelus.

buckler, clypeus,

ramus, brachium.
finis,
(i/.)

bud,
;

gemma, germen.

breed, stirpes,

genus

(v.)

buffoon, scurra.

bound, saltus,

meta,
salio,

terminus

gigno, genero, sero. breeze, aura, flamen.

bribe,

bugle, lituus, cornu.

build, condo, struo.

aedifico,

prosilio, finio.

corrumpo.

be bound, debeo obstrin;

bride,

gor.
boundless,
fine.

immensus, sine

bountiful, benignus, lar-

gus. bow, arcus;

sponsa, puella, nupta. bridge, pons. bridle, frenum, habena; freno, cohibeo, (v.) coerceo.

building, casa, tectum. bull, taurus, iuvencus.

bullet,

[glans]

massa

plumbea.
bumpkin, rusticus.
bundle, fascis. burden, sarcina, pondus, onus; (v.) onero, pre-

(v.~)

nuto,

succumbo,

fleeter.

angustus. brier, dumus, rubus, vebrief, brevis,

bowels, viscera.

pris.

mo.
burial, funus, exsequiae. burn (intr.), flagro, ar-

bower, antrum. bowl, crater.

box-tree, buxus.

box, (v.) pugnis certo. adolescens boy, puer,

brigade, cohors, turma. brigand, raptor, latro. varius, clarus, bright, lucidus.
brightness, color, splen-

deo
burst,

(tr.~)

uro, cremo.

rumpo, dirumpo.

bury, hvimo, sepelio, tu-

[proles virilis].
bracket, fulcrum.

dor, fulgor. brim, margo, ora;

mulo.
(v.)

burya. way ,defodio,condo .

braid, necto, intexo, implico. brain, cerebrum.

[vina corono].
bring, infero, apporto ; (in), reddo ; (forth),

bush,

arbustum, virgultum.

business, res.
bust,

brake,

dumetum.
rubus, dumus,

depromo,educo,pario.
briny, salsus.
brisk, alacer,

imago,

cera.

bramble,
vepris.

busy, sedulus.

promptus.
horreo.

but, at, ast, sed, vero.

branch, brachium,

ramus

bristle, seta; (v.)

brittle, fragilis.

but

if,

sin.

[palmes]

butcher, lanius, carnifex

brand, stipes, nota ; (v.) noto, uro. brandish, vibro, corusco.

broad, latus, amplus.

broil, rixa,

iurgium.

bronze, aes.

[macellum]. pr5mus. buy, emo, mercor.

butler,

VOCABULARY.
C.
cable, rudens, funis. caftan, persica vestis.

189
charm, gratia, carmen;
(v.} allicio, fascino.

carMogether, convecto.
carve, sculpo, coelo. cask, d5lium, testa, cadus. cast, iacio, proicio, torcastle, arx,

cage, cavea.
cajole,

blandior.

queo, iacto. castellum.

charming, amoenus. chase, venatus, praeda ; (v.} fatigo, sequory vexo.

chaste, castus,

calamity,
pestis.

malum,
fasti.

lues,

cat, felis.

pudicus.
decipio,-

catch, capio, excipio.

cattle,

cheap, vilis.
cheat,
fallo,

calendar,
call,

boves, pecus, ar(pi.}.

calf, vitulus,

iuvencus.
ar-

menta

fraudo.
check, impedio, premo. cheek, gena, mala. voces faventes, cheer,

voco, appello,

cavalier, eques.

cesso.
"he-called, audio.

cavalry, eques.
cave,

antrum, spelunca.

calm, tranquillus, placidus, serenus.

cause, efficio. caw, crocito.

cease,

clamor secundus.
cado, decheerful, hilaris. cherish, foveo, alo.

calm,

(n.} quies ; sedo, placo. camp, castra (/>/.).

(v.}

cesso,
;

(imp.} parce. cedar, cedrus.

cede, cedo,

sino

cherry, cerasus.
chesnut, castanea.
chest, area, cista.

I cm,possum,queo,valeo.

dedo.
laudo,
prae-

I cannot, nequeo. cancel, deleo, rescindo.

celebrate, celebro, effero.

chew,

mando.

eat/zW,simplex,candidus.
candle, lucerna.

celebrated,
cell, cella.

clarus,

chicken, altilis, pullus. chide, increpo, increpito.

chief, prior,

clarus [ille].
censure, (v.} noto. certain, certus, quidam.
chafe, incendo, irrito;

princeps.

cannon, [tonnentum.] canopy, velamen. canvas, carbasus.

cap, mitra, pileolus. caprice, libido, levitas.

child, infans.
childless,

orbus.

chill, frigus.

(.)

chime, sono.
chin,

aestuo.
chaff, palea.

mentum.

captain, dux, praefectus. be captain, praesum. car, currus.

care, cura. care for euro,

Chinese, sericus.
chink, rima.
chirp, garrio. chivalry, virtus

chain, catena, vinculum, compes (v.) vincio.

;

chalk, creta.

[delecti
[flos].

moror.
sollici-

careful,
tus,
careless,

anxius,

providus.

challenge, voco, provoco. chamber, conclave, thalamus.

heroes].
choice,

eximius

choir, chorus.

immemor, negblan-

ligens.
caresses, [insidiae]

chance, casus, fors. change, (i/.) vario vices

(v. tr.}

choke, ango.
;

choose, lego, eligo.

muto, verto.
vices,

ditiae, oscula.

changes,

nulla

church, aedes [sacra, />/.]. churlish, rusticus, sordi-

carnage, caedes, strages. carp at, r5do, detrecto, carpo.

carpet, tapes.

quies. channel, alveus. chant, melos.

dus.
cinder, cinis, favilla.
circle,

circumeo, cingo

chapel, sacellum.

(v.}

orbis, gyrus, co-

carriage,

currus, rheda, plaustrum. carry, veho, fero, porto. carry off, perimo, adimo. cart, plaustrum.

chappy, rugosus. charge, ruo, incurro, volito.

rona.
circumstance, res.
citadel, arx.
cite,

charger, currus, (a dish} lanx.

sompes

voco, laudo.

citizen, civis.

190
city,

VOCABULARY.
urbs.

civilize, colo,

emollio.

not

civilized,

barbarus,

ferus.

clod, gleba. claudo, concludo. to closequarters, cominus; (adv.) close by, proclose,

come up, subsum.

comfort, solor, foveo, recreo.

command,
ditio,

claim, posco, assero, vindico.

pinquus;
pior.
clothes,

(adj.) provestis,

imperium, iussum (v.) praesum, iubeo, im;

claimant, petitor. clamber, scando.

[sinus]

pero.

amictus.
cloud,
(pi.)

commander, dux, praenubila,

fectus.

clammy, lentus. clamour, clamor, strepitus.

nubes, nebula.

cloudy, nimbosus.
clover, medica, cytisus. club, clava, fustis.
cine,

commence, incipio. commerce, merx.

commission,

clan, gens, tribus. clank, strideo.

clap, plaudo; sus.

mandatum.
tumultus,

(.) plau-

indicium.

commotion, m5tus.

clumsy, rudis.
cluster,

clarion, lituus, cornu.

clash, coeo, collldo.
clasp, prehendo, tor.

racemus.

clutch, inicio

manus; pre-

companion, socius, c5mes, sodalis. companions, comes, sodalis.

amplec-

hendo.
coach, currus, rheda. coast, plaga, ora, littus.
coat, tunica, vestis.

in company, comes.

claw, unguis. e/ay,argilla, hi turn ; (adj.}

fictilis.

compare, compare, confero.

clean,

mundus,
;

punas,

coax, blandior. cobweb, tela, aranea.

cock, gallus.

compass, circumeo,cingo,
lustro.

nitidus

(v.) detergo,

purgo.
cleanly simplicity, ditiae (pi.),
clear,

coeval, aequalis.

mun-

coin,

nummus,

aes, stips,

moneta.
cold, frigus. frigora (pi.)
;

compel, cogo, subigo. complain, queror, conqueror. complaining, querulus,

liquidus, splendidus, clams, serenus ;

(v.)

queribundus.
complaint, querella, questus, morbus. complete, integer, iustus. complexion, color.

(adj.)

frigidus,

geli-

purgo.

dus.

cleave, findo, transadigo,

be

cold, frigeo, algeo.

seco (to), haereo, adhaereo. cleft, rima.

;

colleague, collega.
collect,

colligo,

cogo,

confero.
in collision with, collisus.
colour, color.

clement, clemens, lenis. clerk, scriba.

clever,

compliance, obsequium. compliant, facilis. comply, obsequor. compose, condo, fingo,

dexter, callidus.

sellers,

of same colour
color.
colours, signa.

as,

con-

client, cliens.
cliff",

rupes, saxum, sco-

pulus.
climate, coelum. cling to, adhaereo.
clip,

column, agmen. comb, depecto, pecto (n.) pecten, (of honey)

;

placo. compress, comprimo. comprise, contineo. comrade, socius, consors.

favus.

concave, concavus. conceal, celo, abdo, cor-

tondeo, praecido.
(v.)

combat,

pugno

resisto

do, dissimulo.

cloak,

velo,
;

dissimulo
palla,

tego, abolla,

(.) pugna, certamen.

come, venio, progredior, accedo. come, age ; (out) exeo.

be concealed, delitesco,
latito, lateo.

lacerna.

concealment, latebrae.
concede, cedo, concede.

cloak of war, sagum.

VOCABULARY.
conceive, concipio, fingo.

consecrate,

consecro,

controvert, nego.

concert, consensus. conciliate, concilio.

dico, voveo. consent, consentio, annuo.

consider,

contumacious, improbus.
convenient,

commodus.

conclude, perficio. concoct, coquo, conflo.

concord, concordia, consensus,

in

duco, habeo, aestimo, piito. consto ex, consist of,

consisto
in.

converse, colloquor. convey, fero, veho, mitto.

convict, convince, no ; (.) reus.

damper-

concord,
cors.

(adj.}

con-

be consistent, cohaereo. consistent, constans.

console, s5lor.

convince,

doceo,

suadeo.
convincing, gravis,
nifestus.

concourse, concursus.

ma-

condemn,

damno,

con-

conspire, coniuro.

demno.
condescend, dignor. condition, conditio, sors. ~ conduct, mores (pi.}, ra
tio
;

constant,

constans,

fir-

convulsive, subitus.
coo,

mus,

fidelis.

gemo.

consternation, pavor, terror [trepidus].

constrain, cogo. consult, consulo.

cook,

coquus; (v.) coquo, concoquo.

(v.}

duco, mitto.
congressus,

cool, frigus.

confer, conferb, tribuo.

coop, claudo.
coot, fiilica.

conference,

consume, consume, ab-

colloquium.
confess, fateor, confiteor.

sumo.
contact, tactus.

copious, uber, felix.

confide,

fido,

credo,

contain,

committo.
confidence, fides, fiducia.
confident, fidens animi,
fortis,

capio, contineo.

teneo,

copper, aes, aera (pi.}, copy, exemplum ; (s.) imitor, fingo.

cord, funis.
cork, cortex, suber.

contaminate, polluo, culo, foedo.

contamination, labes,
cula.

ma-

audax.

ma- cormorant, mergus.

corn, farra ; (pi. ) spica, arista, ceres.
corner, sinus, recessus.
corpse, cadaver.
correct,

confidential, intnnus.
confine,

termino, claudo,

contemn, sperno, despicio,

teneo. confinement, career, vin-

contemno.

angulus,

cula
conflict,

(/>/.).

contempt, contemptus, fastidium.

contemptible, vilis, despi-

confiscate,

publico.

corrigo,
ultro

cascitro-

men

pugna, certa(v.) pugno, con-

ciendus.
contend, contendo, certo.
contest, lis,

tigo.

correspond,

fligo.

certamen.

que verba habeo.

corridor, porticus. corrupt, vitio, corrumpo,
cost,

confundo, confound, misceo, turbo.

confusion, res trepidae.

continually, crebro,saepe.

continue, per go, non desisto.

contract,

duco,
;

congratulate, gratulor. conjure, obtestor ; canto. connect, iungo, necto.

connected, afrmis.

praetum

(v.)

perdo. pretium, sumptus,

;

minuo,
cipio
;

contraho, susloco, redimo.

impensor
consto.

(v.}

sto,

contractor, redemptor.

conquer,

d5mo, vinco,
subigo,
victor,

contrary, contrarius, op-

costly, pretiosus, casus. cottage, casa.

supero,
bello.

devic-

positus, adversus. contribute, confero.

contrive,
control,

conch, torus, cublle, lectus, stratum. cough, tussis. council, concilium. counsel, consilium. counsellor, auctor.

conqueror,
trix, trix.

molior,

struo,

domitor, domi-

invenio.

conscious, conscius.

rego, moderor, coerceo.

192
count,

VOCABULARY.
annumero, recen habeo ; (.) coOS, crescent, signa, (pi.} [lu-

cure, sano,
curse,

medeor
dira,

(.)
nii-

seo,

mes.
countenance,
vultus, facies, frons.

natus]. crest, iuba,

crista.
crevice,

medicina.
insigne,
furiae,

rima, hiatus.

mina, paena. curtain, aulaeum, velum.

cushion.

counterfeit, simulo.
countless,

non numeranfine.

dus, sine
country,

(.) ager,
;

rns,

crew, socii, grex. crime, facinus, nefas. crimson, purpiireus. crisis, discrimen.
critic,

Use

torus.

custom, mos, usus. cut, seco, caedo, reseco.

cypress, cupressus, rissus.

cypa-

patria

(adj.} rusticus,

censor, corrector.

agrestis.

county, comes. couple, par, iugum, bini. courage, virtus, animus. course, cursus, iter, via.
court, aula, area. courtiers, cohors. officia ; courtesy,

croak, queror, crocito. crook, pedum.

crooked, curvus,aduncus. crop, seges, messis ; (v.)
daffodil, narcissus. dagger, culter, sica.
daily, in dies. daisy, bellis.

carpo, tondeo.
cross,

transeo,
;

traicio ;

(.) crux
(pi.}

(adj.)

mo-

lestus, difficilis.

dale, vallis.

hospitium.
covering, tunica. covert, latebrae, lustra
(n. pi.}
;

crow, comix;

(t/.)

cano,
;

triumpho. crowd, turba,

corona

thalamus.

to, concelebro.
(v.}

dally, moror, ctmctor. damage, damnum, malum. damp, madidus, hfuni-

cow, vacca,
teneo.

bos;

crowded, frequens.

dus.

coward,
dus.
crack,

ignavus,
discutio
;

timi-

crowing, carmen. crown, diadema ; (leaves') corona.

cruel,
cruise,

damsel, puella, virgo. dance, chorea, chorus

(v.}

salto,

exerceo
dis-

(.)

crudelis,

ferus,

chorum.
periclum, danger, crimen.
dapple,
(v.}

rima.
cradle, cunae, cubile.
craft, ars, dolus.

durus.

navigo. crumb, mica.

crush,

vario,

dis-

crafty, vafer, callidus.

gravo,

conficio,

crag, rupes, saxum. crane, grus. crash, fragor; (v.) crepo,

crepito. crave, oro.

contero.
crust, frustrum, crusta.

crutch,

baculum.

tinguo. dare, audeo, opto. dark, obscurus, fuscus, caecus.

darken, nigro.
darnel, lolium. dart, iaculum, spiculum,

cry, qiierella, fletus, ul-

ulatus; (v.)clamo,fleo,

craven, pravus. crazy, amens. creak, crepo, strideo.

lacrymo.
cuckoo, cucullus.
cuff",

telum

(v.}

proicio,

manica.
carpo, decerpo.

iacto, exsilio.

creaking, stridulus. crease, ruga. create, creo, facio.

credit, fides.

cull,

cultivate, colo, sero.

dash incido, against, offendo (.) impetus.

;

cunning, callidus, vafer,

peritus. cup, poculum, calix, pare-

daughter,
dauntless,

filia,

nata.
in-

impavidus,

credulous, credulus.
creek,

territus.

sinus,

mare

tera.

dawn, crepuscula (n.pl.},

;

fusum.
creep along, insinuo me. creeping, repo.

curb,

frenum

(y.} freno,

orta dies.
day, dies, diurnus.

cohibeo.
curds, coagula.

lux;

(adj.)

VOCABULARY.
dazzle, perstringo. dead, functus, mortuus,

193
desert,

degrade,

moveo

loco,

desero,

maculo.
degree, gradus, locus,

destituo,

exanimis.
deadly, crudelis, fatalis, dirus.
deaf, surdus. deal, abies ; (arf/.) abiegnus.

by

degrees.,

sensim, pau-

(.) desertum meritum.

linquo, transfugio ; ; (merit}

latim. deign, dignor.

delay,
(n.)

deserter, transfuga.

deserve, mereor.
;

moror, remoror mora.

deserved, dignus.
design,
fingo,

statuo,

dear, carus, pretiosus. dearth, inopia.

deliberate,

meditor, contener,

sulo.
delicate,

volo; (w.)propositum, consilium.

desire,

death,

libitlna,

funus,
cor-

mollis,

cupido, votum.

nex.
debase,
decay,

gracilis.

dedecoro,

delight,

delecto,

iuvo

desirous, cupidus, avidus. desist, desisto, omitto.

desk, scrinium.

rumpo.
marceo. dissolvor.
dolus.
deceit, fraus,

(n.) voluptas, laetitia. deliver, libero, solvo,

vindico.
delude, ludo, decipio.

desolate, solus, vastus. despair, spes falsa ; (v.)

deceive, fallo, decipio.

despero.
despatch, mature, mitto,
despise, sperno,

decent, decens, decorus.

decide, tuo.

statuo,

consti-

inundo, obruo ; (.) diluvium. demand, posco, postulo,

deluge,
flagito.

(.) nuntius. contemno,

decider, arbiter.
deck,

fastidio.
despot, tyrannus.
dessert,

puppis
;

[transtra,

fori]
declare,

(v.)

orno.

affirmo, profiteer.

arguo,

demolish, everto, diruo. den, antrum, specus, latebrae.

deny,

poma,

mensa

secunda.
destiny,

decorate, decoro, orno.

decree, censeo, edico.

nego, renuo.

infitior,

fatum, sors.
inops, expers,

destitute,

depart,

discedo,

abeo,

orbus.
destroy,

dedicate, sacro, dedico. ^ demo, tollo, deduct,

digredior. dependent, cliens.

deplore,

perdo,

deleo,

diruo.

adimo.
deed, factum, facinus. altus, profundus, deep,

ploro, doleo, queror.

lugeo,

destruction, ruina. destructive, exitiosus.

gravis. cervus, deer,

depopulate, vasto.

populor,

detain,

teneo,

moror,

cerva,

dama.
defame, detrecto. fundo, vinco, defeat,

deposit, pignus. depreciate, elevo,

capto. deter, deterreo.

premo.
spolio,

determined, certus, constans.

deprive,

prlvo,

orbo.
depute, lego. deride, rideo.
derive, capio, duco, per.

am

determined, certum
elevo,

supero (n.) clades. defence, praesidium. defenceless, nudus.

;

est.

detract,

minuo,

detraho.
detriment,

defend, tueor.
defer, differo, protraho.
defile,

maculo, inquino; (.) fauces.

cipio. descend, descendo, cado, defluo.

noxa,

dam-

num.
device,

signum, insigne.

descendants,

posteritas,

devil, scabies.

define, describo. deformed, informis. defraud, fraudo.

n^potes.
describe, narro,

devious, devius.

pingo.

devise,

desecrate, profano, violo,

defy,

provoco, lacesso.

polluo.

molior, reperio. devoid, expers, vacuus. devote, dedico, consecro.

194
addictus, devoted, ditus. de-

VOCABULARY.
discern, video, cerno, intelligo.
disjoin,

dissocio,

dis-

solve.
dislike,

devour, voro, consume.

discharge, fungor, obeo,

aversor,

abhorde-

dew, ros.

diamond, adamas.
dice, alea.
die,

occido, pereo, depereo, obeo, emorior.

discrepo,
dis-

praesto. disciple, discipulus. disclose, retego, promo, prodo, indico. discoloured, discolor.
discomfort, illuvies. discontent, dolor, invidia.
discontinue, cesso, inter-

reo.

dislodge,

expello,

turbo.
dismal, flebilis, tristis.

diet, cibus.
differ,

sentio.

dismay, terreo. dismiss, mitto. disobey, iussa recuso. dif oblige, vexo.

dissimidifferent, dispar,
lis.

mitto.
discord, discord ia.

difficult, gravis, difficilis.

discordant,

discors,

dis-

disown, respuo. elevo, disparage, trecto, extenuo.

dispel,

de-

dig, fodio.
dignify, augeo,

sonus.
discover, invenio, reperio.

pello,

dissipo,

dignity,

honoro. honor, splen-

fugo.
dispense, distribuo.
disperse,

dor.
dilate, pateo, distendor.

discourage, dissuadeo. discourse, loquor, dissero.

discredit,

dissipo,

pro-

fundo, dilabor.

dim, sublustris, hebes. diminish, minuo, diminuo, extenuo.

din, sonus,

dedecus,

in-

displace,

moveo.
exhibeo,
os-

fragor

(i/.)

obtundo.
prandeo, coeno. dinner, coena.
dine,
dip,
dire,

famia, labes. prudens, cautus. fasfastum, disdain, tidium.

discreet,

display,

tendo.
displease, displiceo.

dispose,

colloco,

dis-

disease,

morbus.

pono.
disprove, refello.
dispute,
disquiet,
lis.

merge, imbuo.
dirus,

atrox, hor-

be diseased, aegroto. disembark, expono ; egredior, escendo.

disengage, 'disiungo, solve, expedio.
disfavour, vidia.
offensa,

rendus.
direct, dirigo, rego,
directly,

sollicito, turbo. disregard, negligo, omitto.

duco.

continue. dirge, naenia. sordes dirt, ; (pi.} lutum,

squalor. dirty, sordidus, dus.

in-

dissatisfied,

aeger animi.

disgorge,

evomo,

influo.

dissever, disiungo. dissipate, dissipo, disicio.

dissolve,

disgrace, dedecus.

solvo,

resolvo,

immun-

disguise, celo, tego, dis-

dirimo.
distaff, colus.

simulo.
disgust, fastldia (v.) offend o.

be

dir.y,

sordeo, squaleo.

(.

pi.)

distant,

longinquus, disdiversus,
dis-

disable, frango.

tans, remotus.
distinct,

disaffected
alius].

[non

suus,

dish, lanx, esca posita. dishearten, debilito, affligo.

similis.
distinction,

disagree, dissideo. disagreeable, molestus. disallow, improbo.

discrimen.
distinguo,
egregius,

dishevelled,

passus,
iniquus,

so-

distinguish,

lutus.
dishonest,

secern o.

disappear, depereo, evanesco.

disappoint, fallo, frustror. disastrous, infelix.

imin-

distinguished,
insignis.
distort,
distress,

probus.
dishonour,

dedecus,
(v.)

torqueo.
dolor,
tristitia,

famia
noto.

dedecoro,

disband, dimitto.

aerumna.

VOCABULARY.
district, regio, ager. distrust, falsa fides.

195
earth, terra, tellus,

drink, bibo, poto.

solum,

drink

in,

haurio.

humus.
earthquake,
tus.

ditch, fossa.

drip, stillo,
drive,

mano.

diver,
divest,

mergus.

dripping, madidus.

earthborn, terrigena. terrae mo-

divert, verto, derivo.

ago, cogo, prae-

nudo, exuo.
divinus,

divide, divide.
divine, divus, caelestis.

cipito, urgeo. driver, rector.

droop, langueo.
drop,

earthwork, agger. ease, otium, quies ; (v.) levo, lenio, mitigo.

stilla
;
;

(.) gutta,

at ease, lentus.
eat,

do, facio. ago, struo.

doctor, medicus, peritus.

langueo, stillo deicio, mitto.

(tr.~)

edo,

pascor,

con-

sumo.
ebb,

doe, cerva,

dama.

dog, canis, catulus; (v.} sequor. dome, tholus. condamno, doom,

drop for, praeripio. drowsy, languidus. drudge, servus.

cado, refluo.

echo, echo,

imago.

eclipse, defectus.

drum, tympanum.
drunli, ebrius.

ecstasy, furor.

demno
doting, double,
(v.}

(.)

fatum,

dry, siccus, aridus [areo];

(v.) sicco,

eddy, vortex, gurges. edge, acies margo, ora

;

iudicium.

abstergeo.

(i/.)

acuo.
instituo, ediico,

amans.
duplex
diiplico,

[bini]

duck, anas. due, debitus.

duke, dux. dull, stolidus, iners, ig-

educate,

doceo.
efface, deleo, interline.

inge;

mino.
doubt,

dubito,

fluctuo

navus.
duly, rite.

effeminate, bellis.
effort,

mollis,

im-

(.)
dove,

fides, incerta.

molimen, nisus.
;

doubtful, anceps, dubius.

dungeon, career [vincla,

pi.},

columba,palumbes.

egg, ovum impello.

eject,

(v.} incite,

dower, dos.

during,

per,

in,

inter,

egress, exitus, 'egressus.

down, lanugo, pluma.

downfall, casus, ruina. downhill, declivis, pronus, praeceps. drag, traho, rapio.

simple ace. dusk, crepuscula

expello, emitto.

(/>/.).

either, vel, aut.

rfws/-begrimed, squalens.
dusty, pulverulentus. dutiful, pius, officiosus.
duty,

elated, elatus, sublatus.

dragon, draco. drain, fossa. drape, velo, decoro.

draught, potus, haustus.

munus, officium.

elbow, cubitus. elder, senior, maior. elegance, decor, cultus.

elephant,
elevate,

dwell, habito, colo.

elephas,
tollo,

ele-

E.
each,
eager,
singuli,

phant us.
erigo,

draw, diico, traho, veho promo nudo.

;

quisque,
aeger,

uterque
furiosus,

dream,

somnium, somnium.

in-

augeo. elves, lemures. elm, ulmus.

else, alius, aliter. elude, effugio, eludo.

dims, ardeus.
eagle, aquila, ear, auris.

dregs, faex. drench, immergo.

dress, vestis,

elysian, elysius.

amictus.

ear of corn, arista, spica.

early,

emancipate, libero, solvo.

~be-dressed-up, niteo. dried, precius.

drift,
drill,

mane;

(adj.)

ma- embark,

impono,

con-

tutinus.

scendo.
embarrass, impedio, sollicito.

agor, compellor.

exerceo

(.) tere-

earn, mereor, percipio. earnest, strenuus, vehe-

bra.

mens, impiger.

embellish, orno, decoro.

196
emblem, signum, dicium.
emboss, caelo.
;

VOCABULARY.
inennoble, lustro.
escape,

fugio,

effugio

embrace, complexus (v.) amplector, complector. embroider, pingo. emerald, smaragdus. emerge, emerge, exeo. emit, mitto, effundo.

enough, sat, satis. enrage, accendo, incendo. enrich, dito, opibus augeo.
ensign, vexillum, signum,

(w.) fuga, effugium. escape notice, fallo.

eschew, vito, abhorreo ab.

escort,

comitor, mitto.
(wife),

espouse

duco

insigne. ensnare, rapto, irretio.

entangle,
enter,

(husband] nubo.
espy, speculor. established, ratus.

implico,
intro,

imin-

emperor, princeps [rex]. empire, regnum, imperium.

employ, utor, adhibeo. empty, inanis, vacuus
(y.)

pedio. subeo, gredior.

esteem,

colo,

revereor

(.) honor, reverentia,

cura.

enter in
;

a book,

refero,

inscribo.
enterprise,

exhamio.

coeptum, co-

emulous, aemulus. enable, do.

enact, edico, statuo. encamp, habeo castra.

natus.
entertain, excipio.
entice, elicio, allicio,

aetemus, perenperpetuus. even, (adj.) aequus, par, planus ; (v.} aequo,

eternal, nis,

adaequo ;
proetiam.
evening, (adj.)

vel,

ipse,

lecto.
entire, integer.

vesperti-

enchant, delecto, fascino.

nus
ever,

(.) vesper.
;

enchantment,
encircle, cingo,

deliciae,

entirely, penitus.

event, casus.

illecebrse, cantus.

ambio.

entrails, viscera. entrance, introitus.

usque, semper
quilibet,

un-

quam.
every,

claudo, sepio. encounter, occurro.

enclose,

entranced, attonitus.
entreat, oro, precor, obtestor.

quivis,

omnis.
everywhere, undique, passim, ubique.
evict,

encourage, hortor, firmo.

end,

con-

entreaty, preces (pi.),

;

finis, exitus, meta (v. intr.), deficio.

entrust, credo, committo. entwine, necto, implico,

expello.

evident, manifestus.
evil,

endeavour, Conor, tento.

endless, proprius, perennis, sine fine.

immisceo.
envelope,

malus, improbus.

tabulae tego, obvolvo.

(v)

ewe, ovis, bidens.

exact, exigo. exalt, erigo, tollo,

endure, fero, patior, tolero.

envious, lividus, invidiosus.

augeo. example, exemplum [auctor]. exceed, supero. excedo. excel, praesto, excello,

enemy, hostis, inimicus. energy, vis, impetus.

enfeeble, debilito.

envy, invidia, livor in video.

(v.)

enfold, implico.

engage, consero mannm, congredior. engagement, fides, pro-

epitaph, sermo, carmen. equal, par, aequus; (v.) aequo, adaequo.

except,

supero. excipio
;

(adv.)

equally, pariter, iuxta.

equip,

instruo,omo,paro.

nisi, ni ter.

($rep.)

prae-

missum. engine, machina.

enjoy, utor, fruor.

erase, deleo, elno, lino. erasure, litura.

ere,

excessive,

nimius.

exchange, muto.
excite,

antequamj
;

suscito,

moveo,

enlarge, augeo. enlist, conscribo, cogo. enlistment, delectus.

erect,

erigo, struo rectus.

(adj.}

stimulo.
exclude, eximo, exclude.
excuse, venia [defendo]. execute} perficio, perago.

err, erro,
erst,

enmity, odium, simultas.

pecco. olim, quondam.

VOCABULARY.
exempt, immunis, liber, vacuus. exercise, exerceo.
exert, extract, extraho.

197
family,

domus,

stirps,

nitor,

contendo,

genus. extravagant, prodigus, famine, fames. effusus, profusus. ultifamous, insignis, incly tus, extreme, extremus,

laboro.
exhale, exhalo, spiro. exhaust, haurio, absumo,

mus, summus.
exult,

nobilis.

exulto,

gestio,

triumpho.
eye,

contero.

be exhausted,

deficio.

oculus, lumen. not use ocellus.

Do

fan, ventilo. fancy, puto ; (adj.') excultus (.) amor.

;

far, procul, longe.

exhibit, ostendo, aperio. exhort, hortor, suadeo.

exile,

eyebrow, supercilium.

yhr-away, remotus.
say-farewell-to,

saluto,
;

exilium, exul

(v.)

valedico.

expello, pello.
existf

farm, fundus, ager

colo.

(v.)

sum, existo, versor.

fashion, mos ; figura. fable, fabula. egressus. fasten, f igo, ligo, vincio. expand, pandor, patesco. fabulous, fictus, falsus. expect, spero, expecto. face, os, facies, vultus, fat, uber, pinguis, opimus. expel, eicio, pello, exfrons; (y.) adverse ore
exit, exitus,

fatal, letifer, fatalis, exifigo. tiosus. on-our-faces, proni. pendo. facetious, facetus, lepi- fate, fatum, sors [parimexpense, sumptus, dus, festivus. cae]. pensa, pretium. facing, oppositus, adver- fated, fatalis. contrarius. father, experience, usus. sus, pater, parens, expiate, pio, expio, luo. fade, marcesco, sordeo, genitor. expire, pereo, intereo, fatherly, papaternus, pereo.

expend,

pello, exigo. in sumo,

ex-

morior.
explain, explico.
exploit,

fading, marcidus, caducus.

fascis.

trius.

factum, facinus, faggot,

res gesta.
expose,

fail, deficio,

desum.

expono, propono. failing, culpa.

faint, debilis, fractus.

exposed, obnoxius.

expounder, interpres.
express, claro.

fair,

exprimo,

de-

condidus, niveus venustus, conspicientia, favor. dus aequus, iustus. fawn, hinnulus,
; ;

father-in-law, socer. fatigue, exerceo, fatigo, lasso ; (.) labor, taedia (/>/.). fault, culpa, vitium. favour, faveo ; (.) gra-

hinnu-

expunge, deleo, tollo. ex'.end, extendo.

extensive, vastus,

faith, fides.
faithful, fidus, fidelis.

leus.

fear, metus, pavor.

in-

amplus,

spatiosus. extenuate, elevo, extenuo. falcon, accipiter. feast, epulae, dapes, conex- fall, cado, recido, decido, vivium ; (*/.) epulor, exterior, externus,
terior.

faithless, fallax, perfidus. fearless, impavidus, territus. falchion, ensis.

ruo
extinguo,
false,

(.) casus, lapfictus,

coeno.
feather,

exterminate, deleo.

sus, ruina.
falsus,

penna
(short},

(long)

do-

pluma
tium.

losus, mendax. extinguish, extinguo. extol, celebro, falter, haesito. effero,

fee, merces,

munus, pre-

laudo.
extort,

fame, fama, gloria.

familiar, notus.

feed, edo, pascor.

feel, sentio, percipio.

extorqueo.

198

VOCABULARY.
flow, fluo, labor, mano, fundor.
flower, flos
;

feign, fingo, simulo, dis- fireless, extinctus. simulo. fireplace, focus. fell, (v.) sterno, deicio, firm, firmus, stabilis.

(v.)

floreo,

caedo

teter.

first, prior,

primus.

induo in florem.
flush, rubor. tibia, flute,

fen, palus.

fish, piscis.
(v.) sepio.

fence, septa (n.pl.), sepes, fisherman, piscator.

vallum
fern, filix.

fissure, rima.
fist,
fif,

stula, avena,

arundo, ficalamus,
;

pugnus.

buxus.
flutter, volito

aptus, idoneus. tns. fit-for-much, utilis. fetch, arcesso, quaero. fix, figo, defigo. fetter, vinclum, compes, flag, langueo, remitto catena. signum, insigne, vexillum. few, pauci.
fertile, fertilis, ferax, lae;

trepido,

vibro.
fly, diffugio, volo, lito ; (.) musca.

vo-

fly hea\dly, connitor.

foam, spuma; (v.) sp^mo,

caneo. fiagon, amphora, lagena fodder, pabula (/>/.). fickle, levis, varius, flame, flamma. certus. foe, hostis, inimicus. flank, latus, cornu. field, campus, satum, flash, scintillula, splen- fog, nebula. foil, ludo, eludo, fallo. dor; (i/.) corusco. ager. sinus, fold fierce, ferox, saevus. septum flat, aequus, planus.

how few,

quot [quotus].

in-

fiery, igneus. fife, fistula.

flatter, assentor.

ovile

(v.)

plico,

fig, ficus.
fight,
(n.)

pugno, confligo ; pugna, certamen. flax, linum.

figura,

flaunt, iacto ; superbio. flavour, sapor. flaw, vitium.

claudo.
foliage,
(pi.).

frons,

comae

forma, figure, species.

filbert,
file,
fill,

flaxen, flavus. flee, fugio, aufugio.

fleece, vellus.
fleet, classis
;

follow, insto, insequor. as follows, talia.

nux.

lima; (v.) limo. compleo, repleo.

folly, dementia. foment, foveo, accendo. fomenta (adj.} celer, fomentation,

(pi.).

fillet, vitta, infula, taenia. filth, sordes.

rapidus, velox. fles'h, caro.

flicker, mico, corusco. sordidus, obscoe- flight, fuga ; volatus. nus. flinch, detrecto. finch, acanthis. iacio, torqueo, fling, find, invenio, reperio. proicio. be cado. tenuis, fine, gracilis flung, iaceo,

fondle, blandior. food, cibus, alimenta (n.

pi.).

filthy,

fool, stultus, ineptus.

foot, pes, planta.
footstep, vestigium. for, (prep.) pro, ad. forbear, desino, parco. forbid, prohibeo, veto.

splendidus

(v.)

mule-

flint, silex.

to. float, nato. finger, digitus. flocli, grex, pecus, turba. force, c5go, rumpo, exfinish, exigo, finio, pera- flog, verbero. torqueo ; (n. ) vis, violentia, robur. goflood, diluvies ; (v.) inundo. ford, vadum. fin, abies ; (gen.} abietis, forebode, portendo, sigpmus ; (adj.) abieg- floor, tabulata (pi.), nifico. nus, pineus. flop, resido.

fire, ignis,

flamma ; (v.) flounder, titubo, vacillo. incendo, uro [flagro], flourish, vigeo, floreo,
vireo.

forefathers, avi, maiores,

patres.

firebrand, fax.

foreign, peregrinus, ex-

VOCABULARY.
ternus,

199
fruitless, vanus, irritus.

alienus

[ad- frame, struo,

fingo.

compono,

vena, hospes]. foresee, auguror,

fuel,

fomes

ligna

(pi.},

pros-

France, Gallia.

fugitive, refugus.

/ra,candidus, simplex. fulfil, perficio, absolvo. picio. full, plenus, frequens. foresight, consilium, pra- frankincense, thus. dentia. frantic, demens, furiosus. fully, bene. fund, cumulus, gaza. forest, silva, saltus, ne- fraternal, fraternus.
mus.
foretell,

fraud, fraus.
praedico,
vati- free,

expers,

solutus,

funeral, funus,exsequiae ; (adj.}, exsequialis, fu-

nestus. liber, vacuus. forewarn, praemoneo. give freedom to, dimitto, funeral pile, rogus, pyra. funny, ludicrus, ridicusolvo, libero. forge, excudo, fabrico. lus. forget, obliviscor, perdo, freeborn, ingenuus. mitto. furies, dirae (pi.}, freeze, astringo, gelo be forgotten, pereo. furl, contraho, lego. dirigesco. further, ulterior. forgetful, immemor, ob- freight, onus. litus. Gallus, fury, bilis, furor. Frenchman, (adj.} Gallicus. forgive, ignosco. indementia, frenzy, fork, furca. G. sania. form, forma, figura, species ; (of a hare) fovea. /ryen/,assiduus; creber, gabbling, garrulus. fre(v.} formerly, quondam, olim, frequens gadfly, asilus. ante, prius. quento, celebro. gage,pignus; (v.} spondeo. forsake, desero, linguo. fresh, novus, integer
cinor.
; ;

forsooth, scilicet.
fort, castrum, arx.

[vireo].

freshen, renovo. fortify, fret, sollicito, turbo. fortunate, felix, faustus, fretted-ioof, lacunar.

munio.

gain, quaestus, lucrum ; (v.} lucror, percipio, consequor.

gait, gressus, incessus. gale, flamen, aura, procella.

secundum, prosper.
fortune,
fortuna,

friend, amicus.

fatum.
foster, alo, foveo.

sors, friendless, solus [inops]. fright, timor, terror.

gall, uro, sollicito.

fortis, gallant, nitidus.

forward, protinus, ante.

frighten, terrifico, terreo. fringe, praetexo. foul, horriduSjimmundus, frisk, exsulto, lascivio. frith, fretum. turpis. found, condo, fundo. frog, rana.

audax,

gallantry, fortia facta.

galley, phaselus, ratis.

gallop,

equum

cito.

founder, conditor, funda- frolic, iocus.

tor.

from, ab, ex, de.

front, frons [adversus]. fountain, fons. fowl, avis, volucris, ales. frontier, finis. fowler, auceps. frost, gelu, pruina. fox, vulpes. frosty, gelidus. fox- glove, baccar. froth, spuma. frown, frons contractus. fragment, fragmen.

gallows, crux. game, ludus, lusus. gap, ruina, hiatus. gape, hio.

kitchen garden, hortus ; flower garden, horti

(/>/.)

fragrance, odor, nares.

frugal, parcus.
fruit, fructus,

fragrant,

odorus,

fra-

poma (pi.}

grans. frail, infirmus.

(of earth), fruges.

fruitful, ferax, laetus.

garland, sertum, corona. garment, amictus, vestis. garrison, praesidium. garrulous, loquax, garrulus.

2OO
gash, lacero, lanio vulnus. gasp, anhelo.
;

VOCABULARY.
(n).

glare, radio, fulgeo. glaring, torvus.

glass, vitrum
treus.
;

(adj.') vi-

guberno, moderor, praesum. vestunica, gown, toga,

govern, rego,
tis.

gate, porta, ianua. colligo, lego, gather, carpo, cogo. gauntlet, caestus.

gay,

hilaris,

laetus,

be-glazed, sto vitreus. mico gleam, fulgeo, (n.) fulgor. glen, vallis, convallis.
glide, labor, fluo.

grace, gratia, decor. graceful, decdrus. graft, insero ; (.) surculus.

splendidus.

gaze

at,

prospicio,

specto.

glide-by, praeterlabor. glitter, mico, niteo, co-

grain, granum, mica. granary, horreum, gra-

narium.
grand, grandis, splendidus, magnus.

gem, gemma.
general, dux, ductor. creo, generate, gigno,

rusco, nitor.

gloom, opaca (n. pi.}

caligo, tenebrae. gloomy, tristis [nigro].

granddaughter, neptis.
grandfather, avus.

genero. generous, largus, effusus.

genial, almus. genius, ingenium. gentle, mitis, blandus,
facilis,

glorious, clarus, illustris.

grandmother, avia.
grandees, proceres.

glory, gloria, fama.

gloss, nitor.

comis.

gloss over,extenuo,elevo. glow, ardor, fervor ; (v.}

ferveo.
glut, satio.

grandson, nepos. tribuo, cedo, grant,

annuo.
grape, uva [racemus]. stringo, pregrapple, hendo, teneo.

gentleman, ingenuus.
genuine, sincerus.

German,
(adj.}

Germanus
Germanicus.

gesture, gestus.
get, acquire, capio, con-

gnarled, nodosus. gnat, culex. gnaw, rodo.

grasp,
;

corripio,

pre-

hendo.
grass,

sequor. get-out-of, renuo. ghastly, pallidus.

ghost,
gift,

go, migro, eo, vado (where due}, redeo.

goal, meta, career. goat, caper, capella.
goblet,

gramen,

herba,

cespes.

umbra.

poculum, patera.

grasshopper, cicada. grassy, gramineus, herbidus.

grate, focus
;

ghosts, lemures.

God, Deus, numen, superi.

(v.) tero,

donum, munus.

rado.
grateful, gratus, acceptus.

gild, inauro. gilded, auratus.

godless, impius.

godly, pius, sanctus.

gipsy, saga,

maga.

gird, cingo.
girdle, zona, balteus.
girl, puella, virgo.
girlish,

gold, aureus.

aurum
age,

(adj.}

gratify, delecto, placeo.

gratitude, gratia.

golden
regna.
vir-

saturnia

grave,

(adj.}

gravis,

severus.

puellaris,

gold -flow ered,a.uncom\is

good,

grave, (v.} sculpo, caelo

gineus.
give,

bonus,

probus,

(.) sepulcrum.
graveclothes,
vest:s.

do
;

(dare),

dono,

tribuo cedo.

(way}, nuto,

iustus, praestans. goodly, pulcher, formosus.

funerea

glad, laetus, hilaris. be glad, gaudeo, laetor. gladden, laetifico. glance at, aspicio.

goodness, virtus, g-oose, anser. gore,

cruor, sanies, ta-

gravel, glarea. gray, canus, caeruleus.

graze, pasco, stringo. grease, ungo, illino.

great, magnus, amplus, spatiosus.

bum.
gorged, satus.

glancing back, refractus.

VOCABULARY.
Greek, Graecus, Graius,

201
"hardship, labor,

Argivus. greedy, edax.

green, viridis, crudus.

gull, mergus. gun, machma.

malum.

hardy, durus, robustus.

hare, lepus.

gush, effluo.
gust, flatus, flamen.

green-growing, virens.
greet, saluto.

harm, malum, damnum, noxa.

harmless, innocuus.

to be grey, canesco.

H.
habit, habitus,

grey-hound, umber.
grief,

harmonious, consonus. harmony, concordia.

dolor,

luctus,

mos, usus.

harness,

instruo,

apto

maeror, tristitia, cura. grieve, ango, vexo, sollicito.

habitation, sedes.

(.) phalerae.
harp,
sal-

haggard, squalidus. hail, saluto, voco,

hair,

chelys, cithara.

lyra,

grievous,

tristis,

acerbus.

vereiubeo; (?z.)grando.

harrow, rastrum.
harry, fatigo. harsh, severus, rigidus. harvest, messis.
hasten, ruo, praecipito, propero, accelero.

grim, torvus.
grind, tero, contero. grisly, horridus.

coma,

capillus,

caesaries.

halcyon, alcyon.
half,

groan,

gemo,

ingemo,

dimidius (adj?).

queror. groaning, querella. groom, agaso. groove, fossa. grot, spelunca, specus,

half-dead, semianimis. hall, aula, atria (. ^/.). hallowed, festus, sacratus.

halt, sisto,

hatchet, securis.
hate, odium; detest or.
(v.)

odi,
fre-

maneo

(adj.}

claudus.
halter, laqueus.

haunt,

concelebro,

antrum.
grove, nemus, lucus. ground, terra, humus, solum.

hamlet, pagus.

quento; (.) lustrum, nota sedes.

have, use

hammer, excudo. hand, manus, dextra,

sinistra
;

sum with dative

habeo.
haven, portus, perfugium. haughty, superbus.

grow,

iilor,

cresco,

au-

(v.)

duco,

geor,

fio.

trado, ministro.
handcuff, manica.

growl, fremo.

grown, adultus. grudge, invideo.

grunt, grunnltus. guard, defendo, tueor, custodio; (.) custos, defensor.

handle, tracto, gero.

hawk, accipiter. hay, fenum.

fa-

handmaid, mula.

ancilla,

hazard, discrimen, peri-

clum.
haze, nebula.
hazel,

handsome, pulcher, formosus, dec5rus, speciosus.

corylus colurnus.

(adj.}

be on

guard,

exciibo,

hang, suspendo,demitto;

vigilo.

guardian, custos, tutor. guest, convlva, hospes. guidance, ductus. guide, dux.
guile, fraus, dolus. guilt, culpa, crimen.
guiltless,

pendeo. hang-over, immineo.

(intr.}

hazy, nebulosus. head, caput, vertex [sum-

mus].
headdress, vitta.

haply, forte, casu. happy, felix, beatus.

harass, vexo, fatigo, sollicito.

headlong, pronus, prae-

insons,

in-

harbinger, praenuntius. harbour, portus ; (v.)

excipio. hard, durus, rigidus. hard-hearted, immitis.

health, salus.

nocuus.
guilty, nocens, reus. gulf, sinus, gurges, bara-

drink health, propino. healthy, sanus.

be healthy, valeo.
heap, agger, acervus ; (v

thrum.

hardly, vix, aegre.

congerOj accumulo.

202
hear, aure, auribus
cipio, audio. heart, pectus, iecur.

VOCABULARY.
achero, vir, heros. heron, ardea.
holy, sacer, religiosus.

sinus,

hearth, focus.
hearty, cSmis, fidelis. heat, calor, aestus, fervor. heath, erica.

haereo, dubito, cunctor. hew, obtrunco, seco. hidden, caecus.

hesitate,

homage, obsequium. home, penates, domus,

lares.

homely, simplex.
honest, integer, iustus.

hide, pellis,
latito.

corium
;

(v.)

honey, mel.
honeysuckle, cerintha. honour, veneror, honoro,

condo, occulo
hideous,
pis.

lateo,

heave, tumeo, tumesco. heaven, elysium ; (s.)

deformis,

tnr-

colo
ria.

(.) honor, glo-

polus.
heavenliness,
heaviness,
tas.

numen.

pondus, gravigravidus,

hiding-place, latebrae. high, altus, celsus, sublimis.

hood, cvicullus.
hoof, ungula.

hook,

laqueus,

uncus,

heavy, gravis,

onustus.

highborn, nobilis, ingenuus.

hill,

hamus.
hoop, orbis.
hope, spero
;

hedge, septum, sepes. heed, euro, respicio.

heel, calx,

collis,

iugum,

cli-

(.)

spes.

vus.
hilt, .capulus.

hopeless, exspes".

horizon, aer

summus.
horri-

make

heel,

premo.

iuvenca. heigh /-in-air, aer; vertex.

heifer, vitula,

hind, cerva ; agricola. hinder, prohibeo, impe-

horn, cornu.
horrible,
bilis.

dims,

dio
hint,

posterior.
faces,

heights, summa (n. pi.), heir, haeres.

hell, orcus, tartara (/>/.)

hinge, cardo.

horse,
(w.)

equus,

currus
;

subdo mente

quadrupes

(nag)

significo.
hire, merces, pretium.
hiss, sibilo,

caballus.
'horseman, eques. hose, braccae.
host, hospes.

hellish, stygius.

helm, clavus.
helmet, galea.

explode

(n.)

sibila (pi.},
history, fasti.
hit, ferio, figo,

helmsman,
help,

gubemator,

nauta, rector.

percutio

hostage, obses. hostile, hosticus,

sus.

infen-

adsum, levo, con;

(n.) ictus.

sulo (with dat.}, pr5(n.) ops, auxilium.

hive, alveus.

sum

hoard, cumulus, thesaurus.

hound, catulus. hour, hora.

house,
lar,

tecta

(pi.}

helpful, adiutrix, (fern.}

utilis.

hoar

frost, pruina.

domus.
housedog, molossus.
hovel, casa. hover, volito. ut, quo modo, quam. how small quotus, quan-

hoariness, canities.

helpless, inops.

hoarse, raucus.

hem

in, cingo,

claudo.

hoary, canus.

hemlock, cicuta. hen, gallina.

hence, hinc.

hog, porcus. hogshead, dolium.

hoist, extollo.

how,

herald, praeco, praenuntius.

hold,

occupo, possideo, capio ; of a ship, ca-

tulus.

herd,

armentum, pecus,

rina, alveus.
hole,

grex.

herdsman, bubulcus. here and there, rarus

latebrae, caverna. hollow, cavus.

ilex.

cavum,

small, quantuluscunque. howl, exululo, ululo.

huckster, caupo. hue, color.

however

holmoak,

huge, ingens, vastus.

VOCABULARY.
hulk, lignum.

203
imprudent, incautns, improvidus. impudent, procax, petulans.

imagine, concipio.
imbibe, bibo, haurio.

hum, murmuro.
hunger, fames, esuries. hungry, ieiunus, vorax. hunt, venor, sequor. hunter, venator[iuvenis].
hurl, praecipito, regero. hurry, celero, accelero;
(a.) proripio.

imbrue,

tingo, polluo. imbue, imbno.

inficio,

imitate, refero, imitor.

imitation, simulacra (n.

pi.}.

pulsus, impulsus, motus. with impunity, impune,

impulse,
inultus.

imitative, imitator (m.)

impute, tribuo, imputo.

in, in, intra,

hurrying, fugax. hurt, laedo, noceo, ob-

imitatrix (/.).

apud.

sum.
husband, vir, coniux.
maritus,

immediate, instans ; proximus.

inactive, iners, segnis.

immense, manis.

ingens,

im-

inaugurate, instauro. inborn, nativus, insitus.

incautious, incautus,

im-

hyacinth, hyacinthus.

hymen, hymen, hymenaeus.

I.
I,

immerse, mergo, immergoimminent, praesens. immoderate, immodicus.

prudens. incense, thus incendo.

(v.) irrito,

incessant, assiduus.

immolate,
ego, egomet [nos]. ice, glacies (v.) glacio, congelo.
;

macto,

im-

incident, res, casus.

incite,

molo.
immortal, aetemus, sine morte.

incito,

stimulo,
flecto.

moveo.
incline,

induco,

icy, gelidus, glacialis. idle,

immovable, immotus.
impair,
ceo.

inclined,

pronus,

pro-

segnis, ignavus, vainers, desidiosus nus.

;

corrumpo,

no-

clivis.

impatient, impatiens.

income, reditus, vectigal. be inconsistent, vacillo ;

be
if,

idle,

cesso, quiesco,
[sin,

impeach,

accuse,

insi-

repugn o.
inconstant, levis, stans.
increase,

vaco.
si,

mulo.
impeachment, crimen. impede, impedio, obsum,
officio.

incon-

ntnim non
ignarus,

nisi].

augeo, adaugeo
onero,

ignorant,
ill,

nes-

cresco.

cius, rudis.

malum, aerumna
;

damnum, (adj.] ma-

impel, impello, suadeo. impetid, insto, immineo.

imperishable, turus.

incumber,
dio.

impe-

non

peri-

incur, obeo, suscipio.

lus, aeger.

ill-timed,

importunns.

be

ill, aegroto, laboro, doleo. use ill, abutor.

impious, impius. implant, insero.

implicate, implico. implore, oro, obtestor,

indebted, obnoxius. for indeed not, neque

enim.
independent, liber. Indian, Indus ; (adj.) Indicus.
indicate, indico, arguo.

ill-looking,

deformis,

imploro.
important, gravis. importunate, importunus. importune, fatigo. impose, impono.

tnrpis.
illness,

morbus.

indifferent, securus.

illuminate, illustro.
illustrate, explico.

be

indignant, vix fero.

irascor

illustrious, clarus, insignis.

image,

effigies,

imago,

be impregnate, parturio. impress, signum. imprint, imprimo, infigo.

imprison, claudo.

indirect, obliquus.

indisposed, aversus rotus.

aeg-

simulacrum.

indistinct, confusus.

204
indolence, sidia.
segnities,

VOCABULAR Y.
deinlaid, varius, pictus.
invectives,

indolent,

segnis,

iners,

inmate, incola. innermost, penetralia

inveigle,

convicia (/'/.). invehor in.

;

desidiosus.
indoors, sub laribus. induce, suadeo, impello.
indulge, indulgeo, obse-

(#.)
innocent,

innocuus,

in-

sons.
inordinate,
inquire,

reperio perverto. invest, obsideo. inveterate, vetus.

invite, invito,

invert, invenio,

immoderatus.
quaere,

voco

pro-

quor.

blandus, benignus. infamous, foedus, atrox,

indulgent,

rogo, percontor. insane, insanus.

reus.
inside, intra, in.

voco.
invoke, in voco.

insensible,

exanimis

fer-

involve, involvo. inure, exerceo.

improbus. z/awy,dedecus, infamia.

infant, infans.

inweave, innecto.
ire, ira,

rabies,

insidious,

dolosus,

insi-

it irks,

piget.
;

infantry, pedes, pedites.

infect, inficio.

diosus.
insignificant, vilis, levis. insinuate, instillo ; insi-

iron, ferrum reus.

(adj.} fer-

inferior,

minor, inferior,

ironical, dissimulatus.
irresistible, invictus.

impar.
infernal, infernus.

nuo.
inspect, specto, inspicio,

irresolute,

incertus,

du-

infirm, invalidus.

inspire, stimulo, excito.

sti-

bius.
irrigate, rigo,

inflame,

accendo,

instance,
instantly,

exemplum.
ocius
.

humecto.
lacesso,

mulo.
inflate, inflo.

[nee

irritate,

irrito,

mora]
instruct,

pro voco.
island, insula.
issue, exitus, finis.

inflexible,

immotus.

instead. of, pro.

inflict, infligo.

doceo, instituo.

influence,

moveo, suadeo

[possum].
inform, dico, nuntio. infuse, infundo.
inglorious,

instruction, doctrina. insult, iniuria.

Italus Italian, Italicus.

itch,

insure, confirmo.

scabies.

intend, volo, constituo.

intent,

ivory,

ebur

(adj.} ebur-

inhonestus,

ignotus, inglorius. ingraft, insero. ingratiate, concilio.

ingress, ingressus, introitus, aditus.
ingulf, sorbeo.
inhabit, incolo, habito.

consilium, propositum.

nus.
ivy,

hedera.
J.

inter,

humo, sepelio. intercourse, commercium.

interfere, intercede.

intermit, remitto. interpose, infero.

interpreter, interpres.

jackdaw, corvus, cornTciila,

graculus.

jacket, tunica.

inhale, spiro.

interrupt,
interval,

rumpo.

jaded, lassus.
jail, career.

inharmonious, dissonus.
inhospitable, inhospitus.

intertwine, implico.

inhuman,
fenis.

inhumanus,

spatium. jailer, ianitor. interview, colloquium. jar, fremitus, rixa exta intestines, viscera, crepo, strepo.

(t/.)

iniquity, scelus. injure, laedo, noceo.

injured, saucius.
injurious,

javelin, teluiri, spiculum. (#) intrigue, ars, fraus. jaw, fauces, mala. introduce, admilto, corn- jay, parra.

damnosus,

perniciosus.
injury,

damnum, noxa.

men do. jealous, invidus, aemulus, Hvidus. invade, invado, irnimpo. invalid, infirmus, aeger. jealousy, invidia., suspicio.

VOCABULARY.
jeer, irrideo.
kept- alive, vlvus.

205,
ladder, scalae (pi.}, domina, hera.

iocus, lusus ; (v.} iocor, rideo, ludo. jesting, iocosus, facetus.

jest,

kernel, medulla, nucleus. key, clavis.

kid,

lady,

haedus, haeduleus.
caedo, neco,
tru-

jewel, gemma. jingle, tinnitus.

job, opus, pensum. jocund, laetus, hilaris.
join,

kidnap, furor.
kill,

lag, cunctor. lagoon. Use lacuna. lair, thalamus, latebra,

lustrum.
lake, lacus.

cido.

compago

(v.}

con-

cilio,

iungo.
finitimus,

cognatus, propinquus. kind, c5mis, benignus ;

kin,

lamb, agnus, agna. lame, claudus.

\>e-lame, claudico.

join-tight, astringo.

(.) genus,
conkindle,

ratio.

joining,
finis.

a.-kind-of, nescio-quis.

joke, see jest.

jolt,

accendo, ardeo.

conflo

inillacrymo, crepo, queror, doleo. lamentation, querella, do-

lament,

lor.

concutio, succutio.
iter
;

kindness, gratia, officium,

lamp, lampas, lucerna.

lance, hasta, lancea. land, terra, tellus, solum.

journey,

(v.)

eo,

meritum.
king, rex.
kingfisher, alcyon.

navigo. joy, dulcedo, laetitia. iudex, arbiter judge,

(v.} diiudico. judgment-seat, tribunal.

land

(adj.},

terrestris,

kingly, regius, regalis.

kirk,

templum.
z5na.

pedester. lane, limes.

kirtle,
kiss,

jug, urna, amphora. juice, succus.

July, (adj.} Quintilis, Julius.

osculum.

kitchen, culina.
kite, milvus. knapsack, sarcma, saccus. knave, nebulo, improbus.

language, lingua. languid, languidus. languor, situs. languorous, languidus.

lap,

gremium.
;

jumble, misceo.

lapse, lapsus

(v.}

tran-

jump, saltus; June, Junius

just,

(v.}

salio.

knee, genu, poples.

seo, labor.
lark,

(adj.}. Justus, probus, ae-

kneeling,

genu flecto, sub- large, grandis, amplus.

alauda.
lash,

mitto.
knife, culter, falx.

quus.
justice, iura (pi.}.

lorum, habena.

justify,
jut,

defendo, excuso.

knight, eques, knit, necto.

knock,

lass, puella.

lasting, proprius.
last, (v.}

promineo, emineo.

juvenile, iuvenilis.

pulso, verbero, percutio ; (.) ictus.

duro, maneo.

knoll, collis, clivus.

for last time, extremutn. at last, tandem, demum.

latch, sera.
late, serus,

K.
keel,

knot, nodus.
knotty, nodosus.

novus.

carina.

know, novi, agnovi, sentio.

;

lately,

nuper.

keen, acutus, acer.

lattice, fenestra.

keenness, acies.

ardor,

fervor

L.
laborious, operosus.

laud, laudo. laugh, rideo

(.)

risus,

keeping, salvus, with abl. abs.

keep,

cachinnus.
;

labour, labor, opus

(v.)

servo, teneo.

asservo,

laboro, nitor.
lacerate, lacero, dilanio.
lack, egeo,

launch, mitto, detrudo. laurel, laurus(rf/.); laureus.

lavish, prodigus.

keep-off,

defendo.

indigeo

de-

keeper, custos. ken, visus.

sum.
lad, puer.

law, lex, ius.

lawful, iustus [licet].

206
lawless, indomitus.

VOCABULARY.
liar,

mendax.
lambo.

load, onero,

gravo

(n.]

lax, solutus.
lay, loco,

liberate, libero, exsolvo.

lick,

pono.

onus. loan [mutuus].

loath, insitus.

lay aside, pono. lay waste, vasto,

lictor, lictor.

do

vas-

lie,

iaceo, sternor [pro;

loathe, horreo, fastidio.

lofty,

tum, depopiilo. lea, pratum. lead, duco, ago.

lead-up-to, peto.
leaf, frons, folium, be in leaf, frondeo.

nus]
life,

mentior.
lentus, exanimis.

altus,

excelsus,

vita, aetas, victus.

tollo.

sublimis.
log,

lifeless,
lift,

truncus,

lignum,
ror.

stipes.
(n.~)

light,

levis;

lux,
(t/.)

loiter, cesso,
loll,

league, foedus.
leak,
lean,

lumen, fulgor; accendo.

light-house, pharos. lighten, minuo, levo.

reciibo,

recumbo.
longus;

lone, solus.

rima;
macer.

(v.) fatisco.

long, diu
(v.)

(adj.}

lean

upon, innitor,

in-

lightning, fulgur.
like, similis,

opto, cupio, desidero.

longer, amplius.

cumbo.
leanness, macies.
leap, salio, saltus.

par, instar;

(v.)

probo, amo.

salto;

(.),

liken,
lily,

compare.

lilium.

learn, disco, nosco.

limb,
lime,
limit,

membrum,
viscum.
tilia.
finis,

artus.

learning, doctrina.
leather,

longing, cupidus. video, look, aspicio, visus (.) specto aspectus, obtutus. look at, tueor.
;
r

corium.

lime tree,

leave, venia.

leave, destituo, relinquo.

legend, fabula. legion, legio. leisure, otia (pi.}, [vaco

limes ; (v .) finio, termino, claudo. limpid, limpidus, liquidus.

linden, tilia.
line, series,

look out, prospicio. looker on, auspex. loose, laxo, solvo.

lord,

dominus, proceres. lord it over, imperito. lose, perdo, amitto.

loss,
lot,

*]lend,

ordo.

damnum.
clarus

commodo.
tandem, deproduce,
ex-

at

length,

linen,\im\m; (adj.} lineus. linger, moror, cunctor.

linnet, galbiila.acanthis. lion, leo, lea, leaena.
lip,

sors, fatum.

loud,
love,

[magna

mum.
lengthen,

voce].

tendo.
lenient, lenis, mitis.
leper, leprosus.
lessen,

labrum, labellum.
balbutio. tabula.

amo, diligo, ardeo; (.) amor, studium.

amans,
amator,

lisp,
list,

lovely, amabilis, pulcher.

lover,

minuo, diminuo,

list-of-victories, titiili.
listen,

elevo.
lesson,
lest,

audio.

procus. low, humilis, demissus;

(v.}

pensum.

litter, lectica.
little,

mugio.

ne.

let,

permitto, sino; impcdio.

epistola.

parvus, parvulus, exiguus.

vivo,

low lying, supinus.

lower,

premo, deprimo.

live,

sum,

dego

loyal, fidus, fidelis.

letter, littera,

aetatem.
long-lived, vivax, vitalis. lively, alacer.
liver, iecur.

luck, fortuna, sors.

lucre,

planus, aequus ; (t>.) aequo. levy, conscribo, impero. lewd, protervus, lascilevel,

lucrum.

ludicrous, ridiculus, ludicrus.

livid,

Hvidus.

lukewarm, tepidus.
lull,

vus.
liable,

obnoxius.

lizard, lacertus, lacerta. lo I en ; ecce, aspice.

sopio, mulceo

(n.)

quies.

VOCABULARY.
lump, massa, acervus.
lure, illecebra; cio.
(v.)
alli-

207
mattock, ligo.

manger, praesepe. mangle, dilanio, lacero. maniac, lymphatus, furiosus.

May,
may,

(adj.)

Mains.

licet, fas est.

lurk, lateo, latito.

mazes, ambages, gyri.

lurking-place, latebrae.
lust, libido.

lustre,
lute,

splendor.

notus, manifest, festus [pateo]. virtus. manliness,

mani-

meadow, pratum
pratensis.

(adj.)

mean, volo

(adj.)

hu-

cithara.

luxuriant, fertilis.
luxurious, riosus.
lyre,

manner, mos, modus. mannerly, urbanus, buluxurn anus.

milis, vilis.

measure, metor.
meat, caro. meat-market, macellum.
medicine, medicina. meditate, meditor.

lautus,

mantle, pallium, lacerna.

cithara, fides

lyra,

(pi.),

testudo, barbitos,
falsus.

how

many, multus, plures. many, quot.

maple, acer.

chelys.
lying,

Mediterranean,

medium
aequo

mendax,

mar, obsum, noceo. maraud, praedor.

marble,

mare.
medley of fight, confusi marte.

M.
mad,
insanus,
desire, furor,

marmor

(adj.)

amens,

marmoreus. March, (adj.) Martius

(v.) proficiscor,

furiosus.

incedo.

mad

in madness, insanus.

margin, margo, ora. marigold, caltha.

mariner, nauta, navita. mark, noto, signo ; (.) nota.

meek, mitis, placidus. meet, coeo, occurro. meeting, (adj.) iunctus, obvius.

mellow,

maturus

(v.)

magic, artes, magicae. magpie, picus, pica. maid, virgo, puella, ancilla, famula.
maiden,
(adj.)

coquo.
melodious, canorus, blandus. melody, melos.
melt,

integer,

virgineus. mail, lorica. maimed, mutilus, mancus. main, summus, praeci-

puus. maintain, sustineo.

maize,

sesamum.

make, facio, reddo, creo, condo.

market, mercatus, forum. marriage, coniugium. married, iunctus nupta. marry, duco, nubo. marsh, palus. dismarshal, instruo, pono. marvel, monstrum, prodigium. marvellous, mirus, miri;

solvo,

resolvo,

fundo; (intr.) liquesco. member, membrum. memorial, monumentum. menace, minor, minitor ;

(.) minae (pi.). mend reficio, [rego],

reparo. merchandise, merx.

ficus.

make way, pergo

maker, artifex, auctor. malady, morbus. male, mas, masculus. mallet, malleus.

mask,

persona,

larva

(v.) celo, tego.

merchant, mercator. mercy, dementia. mere, merus.

merit,
(v.)

mass, (v.) glomero; (.)

virtus,

meritum

massa, moles.
mast, malus
master,
;

mereo.

glans.
;

message,

mandatum,

ius-

mallow, malva.

dommus, herus

sum.
messenger, nuntius.
metal, metallum. meteors, sidera, faces.

man, homo,
senex.

vir, iuvenis,

(v.) mastijf, molossus.

supero, domo.

manacle,

mamca.
to.

manage, gero, curo,tra mane, iuba.

manful,
virilis.

mat, teges. maternal, maternus. matron, mater, matrona matted, sq,nalidus.

method, ratio, modus, via. midday, medius dies. middle, medius.

208
midriff, praecordia. mien, species, habitus. might, vis, vires, robur.

VOCABULARY.
modesty, pudor.
moist,
iidus,

humidus,

madidus.
moisten, irrigo, rigo, hu-

mount, ascendo, scando. mountain, mons, iugum. mourn, doleo.

mouse, mus. mouth, ora (n.pl.\ fauces
(pi.},

mighty, potens. migrate, migro.

m//c?,mitis,blandus, lenis.

mecto. mole talpa, moles.

,

mildew, r5bigo.
milk, lac.
milkpails, mulctra. milkwhite, lacteus.

molest, vexo, sollicito.

mollify,
lenio,

mulceo,

move (v. intr.}, moveor, mdtor ; (tr.} moveo,

agito.

placo.

moment, momentum.
money,

movement, m5tus.

mola. mind, mens, animus. mines, lautomiae, metallum. mingle, misceo.

mill,

nummus, pecunia.

mow, meto, succldo, tondeo.

monk, monachus.
monkey, simia.
monster, monstrum. monstrous, immanis, prodigiosus. month, mensis.

mower, messor. much, multus, plurimus,

minstrel, vates.

mud,

mint, moneta.
miracle,

frequens. limus, liitum.

coenum,

monstrum, pro-

digium. mire, lutum.

mirror, speculum.
mischief,
lues,

monthly, menstruus [bimestris].

muddy, lutulentus. muffle, velo, obnubo.

muffled, surdus (of noise).

malum,

monument, monumentum. moon, luna, Cynthia, Diana.

moor, tesqua
:

mug, p5culum. mulberry, morus;

(fruit),

damnum.
misconduct, culpa.
miser, avarus. miserable, miser, infelix.

palus.

morum.
mule, mulus.
multiplied, multiplex.

Moor, Maurus.
moor-hen, fulica. more, (adv.} plus, magis, amplius. moreover, praeterea, quin. morning, mane, aurora,
lucifer;
(adj.}

misery, tristitia,

dolor.

misfortune,

malum.

munch, edo. murder, caedes, strages. murderous, cruentus.

misletoe, viscum. miss, desldero ; erro.

murmur,
mitus
;

murmur,
(v.}

fre-

matudies.

musso,

be missed, vaco.
mist, nebula.

tmus.

fremo, murmuro.
muscles, tori, nervi.

morrow, crastinus
;

mistake, erro
mistress,

(n.) error.

ipsa,

domina,

morsel, frustum. mortal, mortalis.

hera.
mistrust, difiido.
misty, nebulosus.

mosque, templum. moss, muscus.

mossy, muscosus. mother, mater, genetrix. be mother, pario. mother-in-law, socrus. motherless, orbus.
motherly, maternus. motion, m5tus.
motionless, immotus. motley, varius.

muse^ musa, Camera. muse on, meditor. music, melos, cantus.

muster, cogo, colligo. tacitus, mute, mutus, taciturnus.

mix, misceo.

moan, gemo, ploro;

(n.}

gemitus. moat, fossa. mob, turba, vulgus. mock, ludificor, derideo. model, exemplum. moderate, modicus, modestus.

be mute, taceo, sileo. mutiny, seditio. mutter low, musso.

mutuus mutual, vicem]. muzzle, capistrum.

[in-

motto, carmen.

modest, modestus, pudicus.

mould, terra, situs. moulder, putresco.

my, hie, meus, noster. myrrh, myrrha. myrtle, myrtus.

mysterious, arcanus.

VOCABULARY.
N.
na^, mannus. naiad, naias, nais.
nail, clavus,

209
numbed, attonitus, torpidus.

new, novus. news, nuntius.

next, proximus iuxta.
;

(prep.}

unguis

(v.)

nibble,

r5do.

be-numbed, torpeo. number, numerus ; enumero.

numerous,
quens.
nurse, nutrix.

(v.)

figo.

nice, lautus.

multus,

fre-

naked, nudus, apertus. name, nomen ; (n.) voco,

niche, cella.

appello, n5mino. nap, sopor. napkin, mappa. narrate, narro, refero.

niggard, parcus, avarus, malignus.

night,

nox [noctu].
nocturnus, noc-

nightingale, philomela.
nightly,

nurseling, alumnus. nurture, alimenta (n.pl.\ victus.

narrow, angustus, arctus. nasty, foedus, sordidus,

tivagus. nimble, agilis.

nip, praecido, seco, uro.

nymph, nympha [nais, hamadryas],

immundus.
nation, populus, gens. native, nativus, insitus,

no, nullus,
noble,

nemo.
clarus,

O.
oak,

nobilis,

indigena.
nature, res
(/>/.)

splendidus
res].

[proce-

quercus, ilex, aesculus, robur.

oaken,
(t/.)

quemus,

iliceus,

naughty, malus, pravus. navigate, navigo. navy, classis.. nay, qum. near, propter, prope
(adj.}

noblesse, nobilitas.

r5boreus.
nuto,
car, remus,

nod,

nutus annuo.

palma.
in

noise,
;

sonus,

sonitus,

propinquus,

strepitus. noiseless, tacitus.

oarage, remigium. take oath of, iuro verba.

obedience,

obsequium.

propior.
neat,

mundus, concinnus.
cer-

neck, colla (n. pi.), vix.

nook, angulus, recessus. noon, medius dies, aestus. north, boreas, arctus.

necklace, monile.
nectcr, nectar.

north-wind, boreas, aquilo (adj.) arctous, bo;

obsequor. exprobro, recuso. oblique, obliquus. exobliterate, deleo,

obey, pareo,
object,,

tinguo.
oblivious,

realis.

immemor, ob-

need, egeo, indigeo. needle, acus.

nose, nasus, nares (//.). not, non, baud [nondum,

Htus.
obloquy, invidia. obscure, obscurus,

needy, egenus, inops.

neglect, negligo, omitto.

nusquam]. note, signum, nota, fana.

nothing, nihil, nil. give notice, declare, indico.
notorious, notus, festus [pateo].

tene-

brosus.
obsequies, exequiae. observe, adverto, noto,

neigh, hinnio. neighbour, vicmus. neither, nee, neve ; (adj.} neuter.

nerve,

servo.
obstruct, obstruo,

mani(impf.)

obsum.
conse-

animus, vigor.
[nidi-

obtain,

acquire,

nest, nidus, lar. nestle foveo in,

nourish,

nutrio,

fico]. net, rete.

nettle,

nutribam, alo, foveo. nourishing, almus.

novel, novus, insolitus.

quor, potior. obvious, manifestus. occasion, tempus, causa.

occupy,

urtica

(v.) irrito.

November,

(adj.)

Novem-

ber. never, nunquam, non unnow, nunc, iam. quam.

capesso, teneo, habito. occur, accido, evenio. ocean, oceanus.

October, (adj.) October.

be

next, iungor.

null, irritus.

210
odd, impar.
ode,
or,

VOCABULARY.
vel,

aut,

sive,

an,

overshadow, obumbro,
overtake, occiipo.

carmen.

odious, odiosus, invisus.

anne. oracle, oraculum.

orchard,

odium, invidia.
odoriferous, 6d5rus, fra-

hortus,

poma-

overthrow, fundo, fugo, profllgo ; (.) clades.

overtop, superemineo.

rium.
ordain, statuo. order (levy}, impero, or-

grans. odour, odor.

of, de, ex.

offence,

culpa,

crimen,

dino, iubeo; (.) ordo, iussum.

origin, origo, fons.

overwhelm, obruo. owe, debeo. owl, bubo, strix, noctua.

own, habeo, possideo, agnosco. owner, dominus. ox, bos, iuvencus, vitulus.

error.
offend, erro, pecco. offender, reus.
offer,
office,

do, offero.

ornament, orno, decoro (.) decus, ornatus. orphan, orbus, orbatus.

osier,

munus.
praefectus.

vimen.

ox-herd, bubulcus.

officer,

other, alter, alius [alibi,

offspring, proles, soboles. crebro often, saepe,

oil,

alio, alias, aliter].

P.
pace, gradus, gressus.

[quoties, toties]. iingo ; (.) oleum.

age,
senecta,
se-

old, vetiis, antiquus.

ought, debeo [decet]. our, noster. out, ex, extra [foris]. outbreak, tumultus, seditio.

pack, (v.} confercio corona, grex.

(n.)

old

paddock, ager.
padlock, sera. paean, paean.

nium.
old man, senex, vetulus. old woman, anus, vetula. to be old, senesco.
olive, oliva, olea.

outdo, supero. outlandish, peregrinus. outlaw, exlex.

outlet, exitus.

outlive,

supersum.
laedo,

omen, omen, augurium. omit, omitto, mitto.

on, in, super. once, semel, olim,

outrage,

violo

(.)

injuria.

quon-

dam.
one, unus, aliquis.
only,

outrun, praecurro. outshine, praeniteo, praeluceo. outside, externus, exterior.

famulus, puer; page, pagina. pageant, pom pa. pain, dolor, angor; (t/.) vexo, ango. pains, labor, opera, stu-

dium.
paint, pingo.

pair,

par

tantum, naodo, non

impetus. limus (v.) emano.
;

(*.)._

nisi.

outwit, fallo.
over, per, super, supra.

palace, aula, regia. pale, albus, pallidus.

onset,

ooze,

overcome, vinco, devinco,

be pale, palleo, pallesco. paling, vallum.

pall, pall a.

open,

pando, aperio, resero, recludo.

supero.
overflow,

redundo,
sentus,

in-

be open, pateo.
opening, hiatus. opinion, sententia.
opportune, tempestivus. oppose, obsisto, obsto,
resisto,
opposite,

undo.
overgrown,
situs.

ob-

palm, palma. pamper, foveo, indulgeo. panic, pavor panicus.

pansy, viola. pant, anhelo.
1

overload, obruo.

overlook, prospicio, negligo.

;

repugno.

eontrarius, adversns, oppositus.

overmuch, nimius. overpower, opprimo, de- paramour, amans.

I

paper, chartae (pl.\ papyrus. parade, pompa, species. parch,

sicco.

oppress, premo, opulent, dives.

opprimo.

bellor.
overset, everto.

torreo,

aduro,

VOCABULARY.
parched, siccus, aridus, exustus. pardon, venia ; (v.) ignosco.
parent, parens. park, horti (pi.*), parrot, psittacus. parsley, apium. part, pars; (v.) separo, divide.
partner, sponsa, socius. partridge, perdix. pass, praetereo, traicio, ago, dego. pass through (tr.\ insinuo.
penalty, poena, mulcta.

211
pigeon, columba.
pike, lupus hasta,
;

pendulous, pendulus. penetrate, penetro.

pilum.

pennon,

signum,

vexil-

acervus, cumulus. pilgrim, advena.

pile,

lum. penny
people,
[as], aes.

pillage, rapio,

praedor,

spolio

(.) praeda,

pensive, gravis.

raptum.
pillar [moles], columna. pilot, rector, gubernator,

plebs, populus; (v.) frequento. perceive, sentio, percipio. perch, sedes.

perfect,

summus.
perago,

magister. pimpernel, anagallis. pine, plnus,taeda, abies;

(arf/.)

perfidious, perf idus.

pmeus.

perform, facio, obeo. perfume, odor.

peril,

pinnace, phaselus. pinnacle, fastigium.

pipe, tibia, avena.

passage, cursus, transitus.

past, actus, praeteritus.

perhaps, forsitan, forsan.

periclum,

discri-

pirate, praedo. pit, fovea, fossa.

pitch,
(v.)

pasturage,
cua.
paternal,
trius.

pastus,

pas-

men.
perish, pereo, dispereo.

pono, loco;

paternus,

pa- permit, permitto, concedo.

lus.

sino,

(n.)pix; (adj.} piceus. pitcher, urna.

piteous, miser,

miseran-

path, semita, limes, callis.

pernicious, exitiosus,

ma-

dus.
pith, medulla.

patient, patiens.

perplex, turbo.
;

patrol,

excubiae

(t/.)

persevere, persisto.

vigilo.

pattern, exemplum. pause, cesso, moror ;

(.)

mora.
pave, sterno, munio. pay, solvo, luo (tribute},
;

persuade, induce, exoro. pert, petulans. peruse, lego. pervert, corrumpo. pervious, pervius. pester, vexo, lacesso.
pestilence, pestis.

immitis. misereor. place, locus, situs, sedes ; (v.) pono, loco, statuo. placid, placidus. plague, pestis, lues ; (v.') vexo.
pitiless,

pity, miseror,

contribuo.
peace, pax, quies. peacock, pavo.

plain, aequus, simplex, make plain, explico.

plaint, querella.
plaintive, lugubris.
plait, necto.

petrel,

mergus.

phalanx, phalanx.

peak, apex. pear, pirus. peasant, agrestis,

cus.

phantom, umbra.
pheasant, colchavolucris.
rusti-

plan,

physic, medicina.

consilium molior.

(t/.)

pick, carpo, lego.

peck,

mordeo.
stemma,
dimcilis,
tituli,

pickaxe, ligo.
pickle, condio.

peculiar, proprius.

plane, platanus. plank, trabs, tabula. flosculus ; plant,

sero.

(t/.)

pedigree,
peevish, rosus.

picture, tabula,

imago.

genus [imagines],

mo-

pie, crustum. pier, agger, m5les.

planter, colonus, cultor, sator.

peg, clavus. pelt, exagito, peto.

pen, stilus, sepes, septum.

pierce, transadigo, tro, defigo.

pene- plate, lanx. plaudit, plausus.

play,

piety, pietas, religio. pig, sus ; porcus.

ludo;

(.) lusus,

ludus.

P 2

212
playful, ioc5sus.

VOCABULAR K
pool, lacus, lacuna, vaprefer,

malo.

pleasant, gratus. deplease, iuvo, placeo,

lecto.

dum.
poor,

preferable, potior.

pauper,

egenus,
sordens,

pregnant, gravidus.
prelude, exordium.

pleasure,

munus, deliciae,

voluptas. (v.) pignus ; pledge, praesto. pleiads, pleiades. plenteous, largus, uber. plenty, copia.
pliant, lentus.
plot,

inops. clad, poorly horrens.

poplar, popiilus. poppy, papaver. populace, plebs, vulgus. populous, frequens. porch, porticus, vestibii-

premature, immaturus. premeditated, meditatus. prepare, paro, comparo.

presence, presentia, aura

[adsum, coram].
present,

praesens
;

(t/.)

lum.
;

do, dono donum.

(.) munus,

consilium

(v.)

port, portus
fico.

habitus.

preserve, servo, tueor.

stnio,
spiro.

molior,

con-

portend, portendo, signiporter, ianitor.

preside over, praesum.

plough, aratrum [vomer,

stiva] (v.) aro. pluck, vello, carpo.
;

premo, urgeo. press on, insto, incumbo.

press,
dis(v.)

portion, dos
portrait,

presume, audeo, dignor.

pretend,

pertio, distribuo.

simulo

dissi-

plum, prunum. plum- coloured,

reus.

imago,

effigies.

mulo
pretty, venustus.

purpuglorior,

position, situs.

possess,

plume

oneself,

superbio. plump, pinguis. plunder, diripio, praedor ; (.) praeda. plunge, praecipito ; (fr.)

habeo, possideo. prevail, valeo, vinco, exoro. post, locus ; (v.) pono, loco. prevent, impedio, prohibeo.
previous, prior. prey, praeda.
price,

postpone, differo. pot, vas.

potion, potus. potsherd, testa. pound, tero, contero.

condoj mergo.
ply, exerceo. poet, poeta, vates.

pour, fundo.
poverty, egestas.

prick, uro.

pretium, merces. purgo, mordeo,

poignant, acerbus.
point, acies,

mucro

powder, pulvis. (v.) power, vis, vires

(/-/.)

prick (ears), arrigo. pride, fastus, superbia, iactantia.

acuo.
poise, libra,

[possum
;

penes].
exer-

take/rfe, tiimeo, glorior.

priest, sacerdos.

practice, usus.
(v.) ve-

poison, venenum

practise,

meditor,

prince, princeps.
princely, regius.

neno, imbuo.
pole, axis polus. pole of a flag, hasta. polestar, cynosura.
;

ceo.
praise, laus ; (v.) laudo. prance, incedo.

print,

imprimo
nota,

(.)
vesti-

polish, polio cultus.

polite,

(.)

nitor,

urbanus, comis. prudens, sagax. pollute, inquino, maculo. pomp, splendor. pond, stagnum. poniard, slca.
politic,
pontiff',

prating, garrulus. pray, precor, oro, sup- prior, pontifex. prison, career ; (v.) teplico. neo. prayer, preces (pi.}, precede, praecedo, ante- privet, ligustrum.
eo, praeco, praecurro.
prize,

signum, gium.

praemium palma.
;

precedent,
predict,

exemplum.
prae-

precipitate, praeceps.

probe, specto, probo. proceed, incedo, progredior.

augiiror,

pontifex.

cmo.

procession,

pompa.

VOCABULARY.
proclaim,
edico,

213
push, trudo.

pro
differo

clamo.
procrastinate,

prosperous, felix. prostrate, sterno

(ci

opus. procure, acquire. prodigal, prodigus, ne pos. prodigy, monstrum. produce, pario, gigno

pronus, supplex. protect, tueor, defendo, prdtego. protection, praesidium.

protract, traho.

pushing, improbus. put, pono, loco, fere, statuo.

put forth, cieo. put out, extinguo.

putrid, putris, putridus.

prove,

(.)

fructus.

be proud, siiperbio. pyramid, pyramis. specto, arguo, pyre, rogus, pyra. probo.
;

profane,
pius.
profit,

profanus,

im- providence, numen. cura. provision, opes

provoke, voco.
lacesso,

Q.
quadruped, quadriipes. quaff, poto, bibo. quagmire, vadum, lutum. quail, co turn ix. quake, tremo, intremisco.
quantity, c5pia, vis.

lucrum, quaestus

pro-

fructus ; (v.) prosum, iuvo, lucror.

profitless, sterilis.

profound, profundus. progeny, proles, soboles, progenies.

prognostic, augurium. prohibit, veto, prohibeo.
prolific,

prow, prora. prune, puto, attondeo. pry into, rimor, inspicio. publish, edo, divulgo.

pvjfup, effero. be puffed up, tumeo, turgesco. puffed up, elatus, tumidus. puff of smoke, fumifer
aestus.
pull, traho,

quarrel,

rixa,
;

lis,

iur-

gium
rixor.

(v.)

contendo,

fecundus.

prolong, produce. promise, spondeo, paciscor, polliceor ; (.)

promissum, fides. prompt, promptus ;

hortor, stimulo.

duco, vello.

quarry, praeda. venia, quarter, pars, quarta. quay, moles, crepido.

quell,

(v.)

pulpitum pumice, pumex.

pulpit,

opprimo.

quick, citus, velox, celer.

prop,

prone, pr5nus, proclivis. fulcio ; (.*) ful-

pump

up, haurio.

be quick, praecipito.
quicken,
(tr.)

moveo

crum.
propel, impello. proper, proprius, aptus. property, res, census.

punish, punio, castigo. punishment, poena, sup-

(intr.) accelero.
quiet, tranquillus, quietus;
(v.~)

plicium. punhher, vindex, ultor. purchase, emo, mercor.

ure,

quill,
quilt,

placo, paco. calamus.

relinquo,

prophecy, praedico, vaticinor ; (.) praedic-

purus,

stragulum.

liquidus,

sincerus.
'urge,

quit,

tum.
prophet, vates.
propitiate, placo, pio.

linguo, desero.

purgo.
quite,

purling, susurrus.
urloin, surripio. urple, purpura;

omnino.
pharetra
vibro,
;

quiver,

(v.)

propitious, praesens, propitius, dexter. propose, fero, postiilo.

tremo,
(adj.}
quote,

mico.

purpureus.
Purpose,

quoit, discus.

animus, consi(

kudo,

comme-

proposer, auctor.
prosecute, persequor.

lium;
tuo.
;

v .) volo, sta-

moro.

prospect,

prospectus

purse, saccus, criimena.

insto.

B.
rabble, turba, vulgus.

spes.

prosper,

prospective, venturas. augeo ; floreo.

urvey, ministro.

rabid, furiosus, rabidus.

214
race,

VOCABULAR Y.
genus
;

cursus

(t/.)

curro.
rack,

tormentum

(v.)

crucio, torqueo. radiance, nitor, splendor. radio'e, Juceo, radio,

raven, corvus, corva. ravenous, vorax, avidus. raw, crudus, rudis. ray, radius, ardor, lumen, iubar.
reach,

refine,

reflect, refero,

purgo, excolo. reddo.

refluent, refluus.

refrain, contineo.
refresh, recreo, reficio.

fulgeo.
raft, ratis, trabs.

adeo, consequor.

attinguo,

refuge,

receptus,

hos-

rafter, trabs,

tignum.

rag, pannus.
rage, furo, insto, saevio.

read, lego, perlego. ready, paratus, praesens. real, verus.

reap, me" to,

pitium. refugee, perfuga. refuse, renego, detrecto, renuo, respuo.

regal, regius, regalis. regard, respicio, colo, specto ; (.) cura.
legio, turma.
(v.}

demeto.

bacchor

(w.)

ira,

furor, rabies. rail at, maledico,

reaper, messor. rear, alo, nutrio;

in-

(.) agmen, extremum. regiment,

of,

vehor

in.

by reason
im-

ob,

prop-

register, census.

raiment, vestis.
rain, pliivia, imber. rainy, pluviosus,
brifer.
raise, erigo, tollo, effero.

ter, per. rebel, rebellis.

regret,

desiderium

desidero, doleo.
regular, iustus. reign, regno, dominor.
rein,

rebound, resulto.
rebuff, repulsa.

rebuild, instanro.

habena, I5rum.
gaudeo,
respuo. ovo,

rake, rastrum.

rake up, conquiro.

rally, restituo.

revoco, reduce. receive, excipio, capio. recent, novus, recens.

recall,
recite,

reject, reicio,

rejoice,

laetor.
reiterate, itero.

ram,

aries.

narro.

ramble, vagor, palor. rampart, vallum, at random, temere.

reckon, recenseo. make it recoil, reicio.

recollect,
;

relax, remitto.
release,

solvo,

libero,
in-

memini,

re-

eximo, dimitto.
relentless,

range,

lustro, spatior (n.) ordo, series.

peto.
reconcile, concflio.

immitis,

humanus.
reliance, fides.
relief, levamen. relieve, levo, relevo.

rank, (adj.} crassus. rank, conditio, locus, ordo (t/.) pono, aestimo.
;

record, signo, narro. recover, recipio, sano.

recruit, tiro.

red,

ransack, rlmor, scrutor.

cundus

ruber, roseus, rubiru[rubeo,

religion, pietas.
relinquish, linquo,desero.
relish,

redimo ransom, pretium.

(.)

besco].
redness, rubor.

gustus.

reluctant, invitus [nolo,

itero.

rapid, rapidus, velox. rapine, rapina, raptum. in rapture, raptim.

rare, rarus. rascal,

redolence, odor.

redouble,
reduce,

gemino,

rely

gravor]. on, confido,

[fretus].

nitor

vinco, redigo.

domo,

nequam, perditus.
praeceps,

re-echo,

rase, excido, deicio.

ingemino, do cong^minoque,
calamus, arundo.
avena,

remain, maneo, resto. reliquus, remaining,

sxiperstes.

rash,
rather,

teme-

gemmo.
reed,
reek,

rarius.

remedy, medicina. remember, teneo animo,

pptius [malo]. crepo, crepito. ravage, vasto, populor. rave, dellro, furo.
rattle,

memor sum.
remind, moneo.
remiss,
iners.

madeo,

oleo.

reel, titubo.

segnis,

solutus,

refer, remitto, attribuo.

VOCABULAR Y.
remit, remitto, omitto.
respectable,

215
ride, equito,

probus, ho[quisque

vehor, feror.

remote,
tus.

distans,

remo-

nestus.
respectively

ride through, lustro equo.

ridge,

iugum.

remove, moveo, removeo. rend, lacero, dilanio, discerpo. render, reddo, restituo. renew, instauro, renovo.

suum].
responsible to, obnoxius. rest, quies, requies, oti; (tr.) recreo. rest (support}, sustmeo.

ridicule, rideo.
rift, hiatus, rima. rigging, arma. rectus, probus, right, dexter (n.) ius.
;

um

renown,

fama,

gloria,

restiff,

indocilis.

rill,

rivus, rlvulus.

laus, decus. repair, restituo, reficio.

repast, dapes.

restless, irrequietus.

rim, ora,

margo.

restore,

reddo, restituo. restrain, cohibeo, freno.

eventus.

rm^,sono,resono; (n.)annulus, aurum, gemma.

riot,

repeal, abrogo.
repeat, frequento, itero.

result,

resume, repeto, resume.

retain,

ringing, tinnulus. tumultus.

ripe,

repent, doleo.
replace, repdno.
reply,

retainer,

refero

(.)

re-

report,

sponsum. rumor, fama.

quiesco
;

rep5no. comes. retinue, cohors. retire, recede. retired, reductus.

retreat, receptus,secessus.

maturus.
surgo,
;

rise,

erigor,

in-

gemino
risk, alea.

(n.) ortus.

rival,
river,

aemulus.
fluvius,

repose,

(n.)

amnis,

requies.
reprieve, differo.

return,

(adj.)

mutuus

flumen.
road, via, iter [static]. roam, vagor, erro.
roar, boo, furo, fremo. roast, torreo.
rob, spolio, rapio. robber, latro.
robe, vestitus,toga,vestis. Use vestis. rochet.

reproach, exprobro, increpo. reprove, culpo, obiurgo. repugnant to, alienus, abhorrens.
repulse,

redeo, revertor. returning, redux, rediturus.

reveal, aperio, retego.

revenge,

ulciscor,

vin-

dico

(.) vindicta.

pello,

repello,

revenger, vindex, ultor.

revenue, reditus, fructus.
revel,

fugo.
request,
flagito.

rogo,
exigo,

peto,

comissor.

rock,
(pi.).

scopuluSj

rapes,

reverie,

somnia

saxum.
rod, virga, calamus.

require,

posco,

review, recenseo.
reviling, convlcium, pro-

egeo.
rescue, libero, redimo.

brum.
revive, recolo, recreo, reficio.

resemble, refero.

resembling, similis. reside, habito.

residence,

rogue, nebulo, vafer. roll, volvo, voluto. roof, tecta (pi.), culmen. rook, cornix.

revived, redivlvus.
revoke, revoco, rescindo. revolt, deficio, rebello.

room, thalamus.
root, radix;
(v.) out, ex-

domus,

lares.

resign, abdico, cedo, re-

signo.
resist, resisto,

reward, praemium, mer-

stirpo. rope, funis.

rose, rosa.

repugno.

ces.
rib,

resolve, statuo.

costa.
serica, taenia.
flla
(n.

resolved, certus, fixus.

resolution, constantia.
resort,

ribbon,
pi.)
rice,
;

rosemary, ros marinus. rotten, marcidus. to be rotten, putresco.

scaber, asper, rough, horridus. round, (pr.) circum. rounded, teres, rotundus.

perfugium.

oryza.

rewound, resono. resounding, resonus.

respect, vereor, observe.

rich, locuples, dives. riches, divitiae, opes.

rid, exsolvo.

2l6
rouse, excito. rout, fuga.

VOCABULARY.
sailor,

saint,
;

nauta, navita. divus ; (of a man)

scented, odorus, fragrans.

row, (.) ordOj series remigo. rower, nauta, remex.

royal, regius, regalis. rub, tero, deleo, limo.

pius.
saleable, venalis.
sally,

scholar, discipulus. school, ludus.

schoolboy,

alumnus.

erumpo.
/>/.).

scion, surculus.
scoff, irrideo.

salt, sal.
salt-sea.,

rudder, clavus, guberna-

salsa (n. salute, saluto.

scold,

obiurgo.

clum.
rude, incultus, rusticus. rue, ruta (v.} doleo.
;

salve,

unguentum.

scoop, effbdio, cavo. scorch, uro, torreo.

same, idem.
sample,

be-scorched, caleo.
score, noto, aro.

exemplum.

be-ruffled, horreo. rugged, asper, durus.

sanctity, relligio.

scorn,

ruin,

ruina,

pernicies

sanctuary, asylum. sand, arena.

contemno, spemo, dedignor ; (.) fastl(n. pi.}.

dia

(v.} perdo, everto. rule, dominor, rego ; (.)

sandy, arenosus. sap, succus.

sapling, arbustunu
sash, zona, balteus.
sate, satio,

scour, limor, lustro.

(v.) verbero,

purgo,
;

ditio,

regnum.

scourge, virga, flagellum

rumble,

murmuro.

mulco.
frus-

rumour, fama, rumor.

run, curro, fluo, fugio.

expleo.

scrap,

fragmen,

runaway, fugax. run in, insmuo.

sated, satur. sauce, condio.

tum.
scrape, rado.

saucy, protervus,
iugis.

impro-

scratch, lacero.

running [water], with, running

factus.

bus.

scrawl, exaro.

lique-

savage, ferus, incultus.

savageness, feritas. save, servo, tueor ; (/>r.) praeter. savour, sapor. saw, serra.
say,

scream, strepitus, ululatus; (v.) strepo, ululo.

scribe, scrlba.
scribble,

rush, iuncus

; (v.} ruo. rust, situs, robigo. rustle, strepo, susurro.

sen bo.

S.
sack, diripio, vasto.

dico,

loquor,

in-

scruple, relligio. scud, curro. scuffle, rixa.

sculk, lateo, latito.

quam.
saying, dictum,
sacer, sanctus, sacra tus. sacra sacrifice, (pi.} ; (v.}
sacrifice,

sculpture, sculpo.
scurf, situs, squalor.

sacred,

say-but-good-words, fa-

veo
scale,

ore.

scabbard, vagina.

scurfy, squalens. scythe, falx.

macto, facio.

ascendo; (.) libra,

sad, tristis, mosstus, lugubris [doleo, maereo]. saddles, instrata (n. pl.\ sadness, maeror, luctus,
tristitia.

lanx, squama.
scaly,

squameus.

scan, scrutor.

safe, sospes, tutus, salvus.

scanty, paucus, exiguus. sear, cicatrix. scarce, rarus ; (adv.} vix.

scare, terreo.
scatheless, incolumis.
scatter,

mare, pontus, pelafretum, altum, gus, aequor, marmor (adj.} marinus, aequoreus. sea-flower, alga.
sea,
;

seagull, fulica.
seal,

safeguard, praesidium.
safety, salus.

phoca, signum, sigillum ; (i;.) signo. r, aduro.

saffron,

crocus

(adj.*)

croceus. sails, lintea (n.

spargo, dissipo, profundo.

search, quaero, exploro. season, condio/; (n.} tern-

/>/.),

vela,

scene, scena. scent,

pus,
in season, tempestivus,

carbasa

(v.)

navigo.

odor [nares].

VOCABULARY.
seat, sedes, sella, sedile
;

217
sheepfold, ovile.
shelter,

(v.) loco.

serious, gravis. serried, densatus.

hospitium, tec-

be-seated, consido, sedeo.

seaweed, alga. second, secundus, alter; (v.) adsum, iuvo, adiuvo. secrecy, silentium.
secret,

servant, servus, famulus. serve, pr5sum, servio.

service, servitium.
set (sun), cado, occido. set up, loco, constituo.
set out, proficiscor.
settle,

turn,

perfugium

(v.)

defendo, tego, tueor.

shelving, declivis. shepherd, pastor. shew, monstro, sum testis,

ostendo.

arcanus, secretus, caecus.

pono, statuo, compono.

settled, sto.

secrete,

abdo, celo, abscond o.

;

be

secure, securus

(v.) tu-

sever, separo, abscindo. several, multus, frequens.

severe,

shew horrors, horreo. shew out, lustro. shield, clypeus, scutum, parma.
shield off, defendo. shine out, enitesco.
shine through, irradio. shining, lucidus, splen-

eor, defendo. secured, tutus.

severus,

durus,

sedentary,iners, assiduus. sedge, carex, ulva.

sedition, seditio.

rigidus. sew, suo.

shabby, tritus. shackle, vincio,

illigo

ship,

didus, coruscus. navis, ratis, trire-

see,

seeming, species. video, cerno, specto, tueor.

part.

see not.
;

mis [prora, puppis, (.) compes. umbra, tenebrae; carina). shipwrecked, naufragus. (z/.) obumbro. Use fallo with shady, umbrosus, opacus. shiver, (tr.) collide, franshaft, telum, spiculum, (again} revise go (intr.} horreo.
shade,
,

(to), euro, inspicio.

seek,

sagitta.

peto, quaero, sequor. seem, videor. seen, vates.

seethe, aestuo.
seize,

shaggy, horrens, hirsutus.

shock, plaga, pulsus, ictus.

shake, quatio, vibro.

quasso,

be-shocked, contremo. shoe, caliga, calceus ; (or

shoot,

rapio, occupo. seldom, raro.

select,

shake-off, excutio. shallow, vadum.

use] pes. hostile,

(v.)

germen

mitto,

emitto,

egregius.

self,
sell,

ipse.

shame, piidor, infamia. shameful, turpis, pudendus.

shape, forma, figura. share, pars; (t/.) parti-

iaculor.
shop, taberna. shore, ora, littus, plaga. short, brevis, exiguus.

vendo. senate, senatus [curia],

send, mitto, lego. send for, arcesso.
senseless,

shorten, contraho.
shot,

cipo.

tormentum.
humerus.
;

non

sanus,

do-your-sar, fac
parte. sharer, particeps. shark, lupus. sharp, acutus.

pro

shove, trudo.

amens.
sentinel, vigil.

shoulder,
shout,

clamo (.) clamor.

frequento,

separate, divido, separo, disiungo ; (intr.} di-

shout often, clamito.

gredior. September, tember.

(adj.")

Sep-

shatter, frango, effringo. shave, tondeo, stringo.

sheaf,

manipulus.

show, spectaculum. shower, imber. shriek, ululo ; (.)

latus.

ulv;-

sepulchral, funereus.
sepulchre, sepulcrum,
tu-

shear, tondeo.
sheath, vagina. shed, fundo, effundo.
sheep, ovis, pecus, bidens.

shrill, argutus, acutus.

mulus.
sequel, exitus.

shrine,

fanum, adytum.

shrink, abhorreo, fugio.

218
shrivel, contrahor.

VOCABULARY.
sky, polus,

coelum.
(v.)

shroud, palla. shroud (v.), tego. celo.

shrub, friitex, virgultum.

slack, laxus;

laxo,

remitto.
slaughter, caedes, clades.
slay, triicido,

snare, insidiae, laqueus; (v.) illaqueo. snatch, corripio, rapio.

shudder, horresco. shun, fugio, vito. shut, claudo, obsero.

sick,

caedo, ob-

snip off, seco.

abscindo,

re-

trunco.
sleek, nitidus. sleep,

snore, sterto.

snow, nix
;

(adj.)

nivo-

languens, aegrotus.

aeger,

sickle, falx.

(v.) lull to sleep, sopio.

sleepless,

somnus, sopor dormio, dormlto.

insomnis.
(pi.),

sus.
so, sic, ita,

tam, tantum.

sickness,

morbus.

side, latus.

sleeve,

manicae

soaking, blbxilus. sobbing, singultus. sober, sobrius.

society,

siege, obsidio.

sigh,
sight,

susplrium

(v.)

slender, gracilis. slide, fallo lapsus, labor.

slight, tenuis; (v.)

convictus.

sod, cespes.
soft,

suspiro,

gemo.
aspectus

neg-

moll is, tener.

foedo, maciilo
;

visus,

ligo.

soften, mollio.
soil,
;

[appareo].
sign, indicium,

sling, funda.

so-

signum.

slip,

labor, effluo

(.)

lum.
solace, s5latium.

signify, significo.
silent, tacitus, silens.

slit,

lapsus, error. findo. splnus.

svipinus,

soldier,

miles

[eques,

keep
silk,

silent,

reticeo, ta-

sloe,

ped&j.
declisoldiery, miles.
sole, planta. so/eww,solemnis, gravis. solid, solidus [vivus]. some, nescio quis, ali-

ceo, sileo. serica (n. pi.),

sloping,
vis.

silly,

ineptus.

sloth, desidia, torpor.

;

silver,

argentum

(adj.}

slow, lentus, tardus, piger.

argcnteus. simple, simplex.

sin, scelus, delictum pecco. since, ex quo.
;

(v.)

be slow, torpeo. slumber, somnus, quies. slur, macula, nota.

sly,

quis ; (pi.) alii, pars. sometimes, interdum [est

ubi].
sow, filius, natus, puer.

dolosus.

sincere, apertus, sincerus.

small, vilis, parvus, exi-

sinews, nervi. tori.

sing,
sink,

ca.no,

canto,

mo;

dulor.

guus. smart, nitidus. smear, lino.

smell, nidor,

son-in-law, gener. song, cantus, modi, numeri. mox, cito [nee soow,

subsido,

merger

odor

(v.)

mora]

(a.)
sister,
sit,

deprimo, mergo. soror, germana.

oleo, redoleo. smile, risus ; (v.) rideo.

smite, caedo, ferio.

sooner, potius [malo]. soothe, mulceo, lenio.

sedeo, consido.
next,

soothsayer,
sorcerer,

sit

premo.
positus.

smith, faber.

haruspex, auspex, augur.

site, situs,
skiff",

cymba.
doctus, peritus.

skilful,

smoke, fumus. smoky, fumeus, fumosus. smooth, (v.) sereno cdmo ;

:

magus, saga. sorrow, luctus, tristitia, dolor ; (v.) doleo, lugeo.

sorry, tristis, moestus.
soul,

skill, ars.

(adj.) laevis.

skim, rado.
skin, ciitis, pellis.

smuggle [abdo, celo].

snake,

skinny, horrens.
skip, exsulto.
skirt,

serpens, coluber.
crepitus,
(v.) dissilio.

anguis,

anima.

snap,

fragor ;

ora.

sound, (adj.) integer, sanus;(v.) tento; sono, sonito.

VOCABULAR Y.
sound
to, cieo.

219
standard, signum. bearer, signTfer.

spray (a branch), surculus.

sowr, acerbus [acesco]. source, fons. southward, in medium

standard

to be spread, pateo, pandor.

spread, profundo, spargo. sprightly, lascivus, procax.

diem. south wind, notus, auster.

star, sidus, Stella.

astrum,

starry, sidereus. start, exagito, terreo.

sow, sus. sow, sero, insero.

spade, pala, rutrum, ligo.

spring, salio
tus.

cresco,
;

subeo,

(.)
;

ver.

tem;

starved, enectus, confectus fkme.

station,
(v.)
stay,

pora verna

fons

sal-

static,

locus

Spain, Hispania ; (adj.} Hispanus, Iberus.

spare, parco, tempero.

sprinkle, spargo, aspergo.

pono, statuo. mora ; fulcrum

spark, scintilla.
sparkle, splendeo, mico,

sprout, cresco, germino. spurs, calcaria.

moror, permaneo.
(v.}
steal, furor,

maneo,

corusco.

sparrow, passer.
speak, loquor [fatur]. spear, hasta, splculum,

spurn, sperno, contemno. spy, speculor, expl5ro. squadron, turma, ala. squall, vagio ; (.) vagitus ; turbo. squander, effundo,

rapio.

stealth,

furtum

[furtim,

cuspis (v.) ligo. s/>or-handle, hastile. speck, macula, nota.

;

ob-

sumo, dissipo,
square,
turn.

agmen quadra-

clam]. steam, vapor. steed, equus. steel, chalybs. steep, praeceps buo.
steer,

(v.)

im;

spectre,

speech,

spectrum. sermo, loquella.

iuvencus, vitulus

squeak, stridor.
squeeze,

(v.) rego, giiberno.

speed, festmo, propero.

premo, compri-

stem, truncus.
step, incessus,

spend,
spill,

impendo, ago.
profundo, effundo.

mo.
squire, armiger.
squirrel.
stab,

spider, aranea.
spin, neo.

Use mus.
f igo
;

step forth, dior.

(v.)

gradus. progre-

spindle, fusus. spite, llvor. splash, aspergo.

split,

fodio, vulnus.

(.)

stepfather, vitricus.

stepmother, noverca.

stable,

praesepe,

stabu-

stepson, privignus.
stern,

lum.
diffin-

rigidus,

torvus

(tr.)
;

findo,

stack, acervus,
staff,

cumulus.

(.) puppis.
sternness, rigor.

do
spoil,

(intr.~)

fatisco,

baculus, virga.

dehisco.

stag, cervus,
stage,

dama.

praeda, quaestus, spolium ; praedor,

theatrum, ptilpi-

tum.
stagger, titubo.
stain,

spolio. spoke, radius.

sport, lusus, deliciae
;

steward, scriba, villicus. baculus, fustis ; stick, (v.) haereo, cohaereo. tenax. stiff", rigidus,
stiffen,
stifle,
still,

(v.)

ludo.
spot,

culo do.
stale,

maculo, comma; inqumo, foe-

premo,
;

dirigesco, rigeo. suffoco.

(.) locus, macula

stake, palus, vallus.

dus

intempestus, placi(v.) sedo, paco.

quies.

(T/.)

commaculo, noto.

spotted, varius.

stabiilum. stammer, balbutio.

stillness,

stimulate,

stimulo,
;

ex-

spouse, coniux. sprawl, iaceo

[prdnus,

stamp, imprimo. stand, sto, adsto.

stand-out, emineo. anrf, consisto.

cito, incendo.
sting, stimulus (v ) pungo, mordeo, criicio. stingy, parcus, sordidus.

siipinus]

spray (of sea), spuma.

22O
stir,

VOCABULAR Y.
agito,

moveo

(.)

grow

tumultus. stoat, mustela.

stock, truncus, stipes.

strong, vigeo. be-s/rong--enough, sufficio.

superstition, relligio.

supply, ministro, suppedito, praebeo.

stone, lapis, lapillus.

struggle, reluctor. stubble, palea.

study, meditor dium.
stuff, refercio.
;

support, adsum, sublevo. sustineo.

stii-

stony, saxeus.

(.)

suppose,
suppress,

puto

[fac].

stooping, pronus, demissus.

stop,

comprimo. supreme, summus.

sure, certus, f idelis.

corripio,
sisto,

teneo
cesso

stupefy, stupefacio.

(intr.~)

(.) mora.
store, copia, thesaurus.
stores,

sturdy, firmus. sty, hara.

surety, vas, praes. surf, aestus.

condita.
procella,

storm,
(v.)
story,

turbo

appello. subdue, vinco, domo, subigo, debello.

style,

surge, fluo, fluito, aestuo.

surmount, siipero. sr/>me,excipio, occupo.

surprising, insolitus,
rabilis.

expugno

nomen

saevio. fabula.
;

subject,

submit, cedo,
success,

obnoxius [suus], do = manus.

mi-

stout, robustus.

straight, rectus.
strain,
strait,

succeed, succedo. felicia coepta

straightway, continue. intendo.

W-

surrender, dedo, trado. surround, obeo, cingo.

survey, lustro.
survive,

circumspicio,

successful, felix, faustus.

fretum

arctus, angustus ; ; (on land}, ar-

succour, auxilium,
(ace.)
;

opem

supersum,
;

su-

(v.) succurro,

tum.
strand, littus, arena.

auxilior.

pero. swain, rusticus

such, talis [tantum].

strange, vus.

externus,
ignotus,

no-

sudden, siibitus,
visus.

impro-

procus. swallow, hirundo, procne ; (v.~) voro, devoro, haurio.

stranger,

ad-

vena, hospes. strap, lorum.

stratagem, doli. straw, stramen, stipula (adj.') stramineus.
stray, vagor.
;

suffer, patior, fero, sino. suffuse, suffundo, inficio.

suit,

swamp, palus.
swan, cycnus, olor.

convenio.

swarm,
coeo.

examen

(i/.)

suitor, procus.

sulky, difficilis.
sully, polluo.

swarming, plurimus.
swarthy, fuscus. sway, gero, rego. swear, iuro, tester. sweat, sudor. sweep, verro.
sweet, dulcis,

sum, summa.

stream, flumen, amnis.

street, tra:nes,strata (/>/.),

summer,

(adj.*)

(.)
tivi.

aestas,

aestivus ; dies aes-

via.

strength, vis, vires (//.),

robur.

have-strength, valeo. stretch, tendo.

strew, spargo, sterno.
stride,

summit, vertex, cacumen. summon, voco, arcesso. sun, sol, Phoebus.

sunbeam,
iubar,

iucundus

dulcisonus. sweetness, dulcedo.

swell, turgeo, tumeo. swelling, turgidus.
swift, celer, rapidus, ve-

radius

incedo.

iurgia (n. pl.\ strike, ferio, percussi. string, filum, chorda.

strip,

strife, lis,

[orior, occido]. Sunday clothes, supplex vestis.

lox.

sunny, apricus.
superior,
sto].

swim, nato.
[praedi-

melior

swindle, fraudo, destituo.

swine, porcus.

exuo, spolio. stripe, ictus, plaga.

supersede,

revoco,

sword,

strong, fortis, validus.

mitto.

ensis gladius, [ferrunijmucro, acies].

VOCABULARY.
sylvan, Silvester.

221
^roa/,fauces.guttura(/>/.) throb, palpito. throne, solium.
throstle, turdus.

temple,

sympathy, studia (/>/.), consensus. symptom, indicium.

templum, aedes, delubrum; tempora.

tempt, tento. tend, euro.

tender, tener, mollis.
tent,

throw

(n.), iactus.

T.
table,

praetorium (of a
timendus,
timor,

thrush, turdus.
thrust, trudo, transadigo.

general),

mensa.

terrible, dirus,

thumb, pollex.
thunder, tono.
thyme,
tonitrus
;

tablecloth,
tackle,

mappa.
oc-

metuendus.
terror,
terror,

(v.)

aggredior,

tail,

cupo. cauda.

pavor.
test,
;

thymum.

taint,

maculo inficio, (.) macula, tabes.

(v.) probo. testify, testificor.

;

index

tickle, titillo.

tide, aestus.
tie,

than,

quam.

vinculum

(v.) ITgo,

take,

capio, occupo, sumo, eo in, capto.

fabula.

tale,

thankful, gratus. thanks, grates (/>/.). that, ille, iste [do not use
is].

vincio, necto.
tiers,

tabulata.

tiger, tigris.

talk, loquor, colloquor.

tighten, stringo.
till,

procerus. talon, unguis. tamarisk, myrica. tame, cicur ; (v.) domo. tamper with, sollicito.
tangle, implico. tapestry, tapes.
tar,

tall, altus,

thatch, culmus. thaw, solvo.

theatre,
theft,

(pr.)

ad

(conj.)

do-

theatrum, scena. furtum.

nee, dum excolo.

tiller,

(v.) colo,

thence, inde, illinc.

there, ibi, illic.
thick, densus, crassus.
thief, fur, latro.

cultor, arator, agricola.

tilth,

arva

(pi.).

timbrel, sistrum.

pix [cera].

time,

tempus, vetustas.

tare,

lolium [avena].

tarnish, inquino.
tarry,
task,

thigh, femur. thin, rarus, tenuis.

think,

take time, maturo. tinder, fomes.

puto,
tinge, tingo.
tint,

moror, demoror. pen sum. mores taste, sapor

;

cogito,

mente revolvo.
;

color.

thirst, sitis.

tiny, pusillus.
tipsy, ebrius.
tiptoe,
tire,
title,

(v.) delibo, gusto.

thirsty, aridus.
thistle,

taunts, convicia (n. pi.),

carduus.

tavern, popina.
tax,

thither, illuc.

arrectus in digitos. fatigo, lasso.

titulus,

tributum.

thorn, acanthus [vepres],

nomen.

teach, doceo.

dumus, rubus.
though, quamvis,
;

team, iiigum.
tear, lacrima lanio.

ut, li-

ad, in, tenus. to-day, (adj.) hodiernus.

to,

lacero, dl-

cet.

toe, digitus.

thoughtful, prudens, gravis.

together, simul.
toil,

tear-away, avello.
tease,

labor

(v.) laboro.

vexo.

thoughtless,

immemor,
(pi.)
;

token,

signum, index.

tedious hours, taedia.

imprudens.
threat,

tolerate, patior, fero.

teem,
tell,

abundo.
refero,

minae

(v.)

tomb, sepulcrum,
lus,

tumu(adj.)

dico, moro, narro.

procella,

me-

temper, animus.
tempest,

tem-

minor, minitor. threatening, minax. threshold, limen. thrill, contremo, mico.

thrive, vigeo.

bustum.
;

to-morrow, eras
crastinus.
tongs, forceps.

pestas.

tongue, lingua.

222
too

VOCABULARY.
(adj.}

much, nimis;

trap, laqueus.

trough, alveus.
e-

nimius.
tooth, dens.
top,

trappings,

phalerae,

truant, fugitivus, erro.

truce, induciae.
it is

phippia.

vertex,
;

culmen
(v.)

trash, nugae.
travail, partus.

true, scilicet.

[summus]

su-

pero. torch, taeda, fax.

torpid,

travel, eo, proficiscor.

trumpet, cornu.

tuba,

lituus,

traveller, viator.

torpidus pesco].

[tor-

traverse, transgredior.

torrent, torrens.
tortoise, testudo.

treacherous, perfidus. tread, tero, calco.

treason, proditio, spreta fides.
treasures, gazae, opes.

truncheon, sceptrum. trunk, truncus, stipes. trust, fides; (v.} credo, fido committo.
;

try, tento, specie,

probo,

torture,

dolor,
;

cium

(v.)

supplitorqueo,

experior.
tug, torqueo, traho, ago. tumult, tumultus, seditio.
tune, melos, modi. tuneful, dulcisSnus.

crucio.
torturer, tortor.
toss, iacto, agito.

treasury, gaza.
in, treat, gero treaty, foedus.
tree,
;

me

ago.

totter, vacillo, labo.

arbor,

arbustum,

turban, tiara, mitra.

touch,

tango,
;

tracto

friitex,

virgultum.

moveo

(.) tactus.

trefoil, cytisus.

herba, cespes. turn, verto, inverto.

turf,

tough, durus, lentus. tower, turris, arx. town, urbs.

trace,

tremble, tremo, trepido. trembling, tremefactus.

trench, fossa.
;

in turn, ipse

(adv.} vi-

duco

repeto

tresses, crines,
trial,

(.) indicium.
track, callis, limes, ves-

tribes

comae. conamen. [multus, innumemillia],

cissim [inque vicem]. take turn, exerceo vices, vario vices.

twig, vimen. twine, necto.
twist, torqueo. the two, uterque. the two sides, utrique.

tigium.
trackless, invius.
tract, regio, ora.

rus,

turba,

grex.
trick,
(/>/.)
;

fraus, dolus; (v.)

trade,
(f.)

commercia
;

decipio.
trickle, stillo.

type,

exemplum.

mercor. trail, traho agmen. train, comitatus ; educo.

traitor,

tyrant, tyrannus.
TT.

trident, tridens
(v.)
trifle,

trim,

nugor, ineptio. concinnus, niti;

proditor

[perfi-

dus

(v.)

compono,
;

ugly, turpis, deformis.

dus]. trample,
tero.

orno.

proculco,

ob-

triumph,
(v.)

triumphus triumpho, ovo,

umpire, arbiter. unable, nescius [nequeo]. unaccustomed, insuetus,

insolitus.

tranquillus, quietus, placidus. transact, euro, ago,

tranquil,

gestio.
troop,

grex, turma, ca-

unattended, incomitatus.

terva.

obeo.
transfix, figo, perfidio.

trophy, tropaeum.
troth, fides.
;

unavenged, inultus. unawares, imprudens. unbar, resero.

unbidden, iniussus [ipse,
ultro],

transgress, violo

(intr.}

be-in- trouble, laboro

trouble,

pecco.
transparent, sudus, liquTdus.
transport, transfero; effero.

dolor, cura, la(v.)

bor;
cito.

vexo,

solli-

unbind, solvo.
unbridled, efTrenus.
uncertain, bius.
incertus,

troublesome, importunus, gravis.

du-

VOCABULARY.
unceasing, assiduus. uncivilised, barbarus, incultus.

223
unworthy, indignus.

unlimited, infinitus [sine

fine].

unwounded,

illaesus, in-

unclad, nudus.
uncle, (ma/.)

unload, exonero, levo. unloose, solvo, resolvo.

unlucky,
faustus.
infelix,

teger, incolumis. unyoke, solvo.

up, adversus.

avunculus; (/>.) patruus.

in-

unclean, sordidus, unclouded, innubilus. uncommon, rarus.

unconscious, nescius, im-

unman, frango, debilito.

unmarried, coelebs, nuba.
in-

memor.
uncover, detego, rtego. undaunted, impavidus
[ultro].

unmask, detego. unmindful, immemor. unnatural, impius. unpopular, ingratns.

unpunished, inultus.
unquiet, irrequietus. unravel, explico, expedio. unrelenting, inexorabilis.

upbraid, exprobro. uphold, sustineo. upon, super. upright, rectus. uproar, tumultus. upset, everto.

urge,
cito.

cieo,

urgeo,

in-

under, sub, infra [minor] .

urge up, submitto. urgent, vehemens.

use,

undergo, subeo.
undecided, anceps. underrate, elevo.

usus hibeo.
of

(v.) utor,

ad-

understand, intelligo. undertake, capesso, suscipio.

unripe, crudus. unrobe, exuo.

unroll, evolvo.

be

no

use, nil

valeo.

undeserved, immeritus.
undisciplined, rudis.

unruly, indocilis, indomitus.

unsay, retracto.
;

vanus. usual, solitus, consuetus. usury, usura, foenus.

useless, irritus,

utter, (v.) edo, dico.

utterly,

omnino.

undo,

solvo perdo, (pass.') pereo. undying, perennis. unequal, impar.

unseal, resigno. unseen, invisus, caecus. unsound, vitiosus.

unstable, inconstans.

V.
vacant, vacuus. vain, vanus, irritus.
in vain, in

unfailing, certus. unfair, iniquus. unfasten, solvo, resero, recludo.

unfed, impastus.
unfit, ineptus.

unstained, intemeratus, inviolatus.

unstirred,
iners,

cassum, vana

lentus,

incolumis.
unstring, laxo, solvo. unsullied, purus, integer. unsung, indictus. untaught, indoctus.

(n. pi.}, frustra. valiant, fortis.

valid, ratus.
valley, vallis.

unfix, ref Igo.

unfold,

evolvo [tumes-

valour, virtus, animus. value, (v.) pretium ;

co]. unfortunate, infelix. unfriendly, inimicus.

unfurl, pando, explico.

unthankful, ingratus. untie, solvo.

aestimo.
valuable,

pretiosus

[in

dum, donee. immaturus untimely,

until,

pretio]. vanish, dispereo.

unguent, unguentum. unhand, dimitto.

[ante diem].
untiring, assiduus. untroubled, ignavus, placidus.

vanquish, domo, debello.

vinco,

unharmed, integer. uniform, vestis, tegmen.

union, consensus. unite, iungo, corinecto.

vanquisher, domitor. vapour, vapor.

various, varius, diversus. vary, vario.

untrue, falsus. unwarlike, imbellis.

unknown, ignotus.
unless, nisi.

unwary, imprudens,
cautus. unwell, aeger.

in-

vase, vas. vassal, cliens.

vast, vastus, ingens.

unlike, dissimilis.

224
vaunt, iacto.
vegetables, olus.
veil,

VOCABULAR Y.
virgin, virgo
;

(acf/.) vir-

warm,

calidus, fervidor

gmeus.
velo,
virtue, virtus, pietas.

(v.} foveo.

velum obnubo.

(v.}

vein, vena.

virtuous, bonus. visage, os, vultus.

visible,

be warm, caleo. warmth, calor, fervor. warn, moneo.

wary, cautus, callidus. wash, lavo, abluo. wasp, vespa. waste, tero, perdo, profundo; vastus, incultus. watch, vigilo, excubo. water, aqua, lympha, latex, unda, iimor ;
(v.~) rigo. waters, fluenta.

venal, venalis.

vendor, venditor. venerable, venerabilis, reverendus. venerate, veneror, colo.

vengeful, ultor, ultrix. venture, audeo ; (.) au-

vision,

videndus. visum, somnium.

visit, viso, saluto.

voice,

vox.

voiceless,

mutus.

void, vacuus, inanis, irritus.

sum, conatus. verdant, viridis, virens.

vomit, vomo, evomo. vouch, tester.

be

verdant, resco.

vireo,

vi-

vow, votum devoveo.

(v.)

voveo,

verge, margo. vermilion, minium.

verse, versus,
vessel,

voyage, navigo.
vulture, vultur.

wave, unda, fluctus. wave, (v.} exulto ; agito,

vibro.

carmen.

vas

navis.

vesture,
tus.

velamen, amic-

"W.
wage, gero. wager, pignus. wages, merces.
wail, ploro,

waver, vacillo, fluctuo. wavy, undosus. wax, cera (adj.) cereus.

;

vetch, vicia.

waylay, insidior. weak, vescus, invalidus,

imbecillus.
wealth, dlvitiae, opes. wealthy, dives, locuples. wean, lacte depello.

vex, affiigo, solicito. vexation, aerumna. vexatious, molestus, acer-

gemo.

bus.
viands, cibus, victus.
vice,

vitium.

wain, plaustrum. waist [medius]. wait, maneo, exspecto. wake, excito (m/r.) vi;

weapon, telum.
wear,
tero.

gesto,

induor

victim, victima, hostia. victor, victor, victrix.

victory, victoria [palma]. vie, certo.

gilo, excitor.

ake wakeful, vigil, pervigil. walk, incedo, ingredior, ambiilo, spatior.

wall, paries, murus.

weariness, taedia (n.pl.\

weed, avena.

view,

visus, aspectus, video, prospicio.

weighdown, gravo. weight, moles.

welcome, grator, excipio.
well, egregie.

walnut, nux.

vigorous, vividus. vigour, vigor, vis.

vile, vilis.

wand, virga.
wander,
palor.

vagor,

erro,

wellthinking, prudens. wet, rigo, humecto.

size), quantus, quantulus. wheat, ceres. whet, exacuo. whether at all, numquid. whip, flagellum. whirlwind, turbo,

village, pagus.
villain,

wandering, vagus.
zc/aw^egestas
;

what (of

improbus.

(v.)

careo

vine, vltis, uva, vlnea.

[need] egeo.

vinegar, acetum.
vine-leaf,

be wanting, desum; (3rd

pers.} deest.

pampinus.
palmes.

vine-stock,

violate, violo.

wanton, lascivus. war, mars, bellum ;

tessera.

(cry'),

violence, vis.
violent, violentus.
violet, viola.

whistle, sibilo.

ward-off", arceo, defendo. wares, merces (/>/.)

whitehair canities.
whiz, frerno.

VOCABULARY.
whole, integer. wicked, sceleratus. widow, orba, vidua.
willy

225
year, annus.
yearly,
nis].
yell, uliilo.

woo, capto, peto.

woolcoat, lana. work, exerceo. work at, laboro.

annuus [quotan-

arbitrium,

impe;

rium, voluntas.
willow, (adj.}
(n.) salix.

worm, bombyx.
worry, fatlgo.
worship, colo, addro, worths, vaccinia (n. pi.}. be worthy, dignor. wound, laedo. wrack, nebula.
wrestle, luctor.

salignus

yellow, flavus, croceus, luteus [flaveo].

yeoman, agrestis.
of yesterday, hesternus.
yield, cedo,

win, pario. wind, ventus, notus, boreas, auster, aquilo, eurus, africus. winterstorm, hiems. wish, voluntas, meus.
wif, ars.

succumbo.

yew,ta.xus; (adj.} taxeus. yoke, iiigum.

writing, (pl.\

scripta,
fallor.

young, iuvenis. notae youngest, minimus. your, iste.

youth, iuventa.

witch, maga. with. Use idem censors.

be wrong,

withdrawn, refusus.
withered, rugosus. be without, careo, egeo, desidero. witness to, testificor.

Y.
yacht, phaselus.
zeal,

studium.
zephyrus,
favo-

yard-arm, antenna. yarn, pilum.

zealous, studiosus.

zephyr,
nius.

no wonder,

scilicet.

yawn, dehisco, hio. yawning, hiatus.

zone, zona.

THE END.

SELECT LATIN
Caesar.
Gallic

CLASSICS.

*.

d.

War.
War.

Edited, with

Notes, &c.,

by
4 3 6 6

Charles E. Moberly, M.A. Fcap. 8vo. Second Edition.

Civil

By

the

same

Editor.

Cicero.
Philippic Orations. by J. R. King, M.A.

Edited, with Notes, &c.,

8vo.

Second Edition.

10

Pro

Cluentio. With Introduction and Notes, by W. Ramsay, M.A. Edited by G. G. Ramsay, M.A.
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