BUILDING TECH.

AND MATERIALS
Professor: Arch. Arnel Ramos (M-W-F) Feb. 24-Mar. 17, 2006 (10%) Kinds/Forms Water Distribution System Up feed main (Maynilad/Manila Water) fixtures (as long as there is normal pressure coming from the main water line) Down feed - main (Maynilad/Manila Water) Cistern pump storage tank gravity fixtures - tank is placed 10 ft. above the highest fixture Pneumatic - main (Maynilad/Manila Water) Cistern pump pressure tank pressure fixtures - up to 23 stories only (water zoning 23 stories) - 46 stories 2 pumps and 2 water tanks Standard slope of pipes: Drainage 1% Sewer 2% Architecture the art and science of designing and constructing satisfying the four factors. Four 1. 2. 3. 4. factors of designing Function Economy Aesthetic Structures Commercial 4 2 1 3 Institutional 2 4 3 1

Difference between a Structure and a Building: Structure composed of building and plan Building enclosure Plan internal elements Difference between a Storey and a Level: Storey super structure only Level - super structure and sub-structure Classification of Structures Low-rise Structure four storey and below Medium-rise Structure 5-8 stories (3M deep foundation) High-rise Structure 12 and above

Lay-outs and Excavation Tools 1. 2. 3. 4. used for Lay-outing Spirit level lebel 1.20M max length Plastic hose filled with water leveling hose Plum bulb hulog Tremie funnel used when there is stagnant water in the excavated area

Concrete mixture of cement, sand, gravel and water Curing Period of Concrete 28 days normal 21, 14, 7 days ready-mixed concrete 1 day removal of forms Concrete Mixture Class AA A B C Mixture 1*1*3 1*2*4 1*2*5 1*3*6 40kg 12 9 7.5 6 50kg 9.5 7 6 5 Sand 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 Gravel 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

PSI Pounds per Square Inch - Strength of cement (cement and water ration provides the strength) - In traditional construction: max. of 3000 p.s.i. and 6.0M span Elf 2-3 cum. capacity Dump truck 8-10 cum. capacity Forward 14-20 cum. capacity Bagger mixer 28-30 rotations Pre-Stress -Method of Construction Post-Tensioning used tendons instead of top bars and bottom bars - not a pre-cast beam - cast in place/site Pre-Tensioning Camber - pre-cast Windows

Oriel Window with corbel Bay Window Floor is extended Hopper Window hinge is at the bottom, inward swing

CONSTRUCTION TERMS
Adobe Anchor Llabe/liyabe Astragal - Batidura (door stopper-strip) Bath Tub Banyera Blue Torch Suplete Cabinet Hinge - Espolon Cast Iron - Pundido Cement Tiles Baldosa Conductor - Alulod Door Hinge - Bisagra Earth Fill - Eskombro Electrician Elektrista Istuko - Palitada Kitchen Sink Prigadero Morta Bond Tile Adhesive (Pioneer Brand) Mortar Paupo Nail Brad Nail 6 Spike Pea Gravel Grabita Plum Bulb - Hulog Rabbit Bashida Ready Fix - Tile Adhesive (ABC Brand) Riser Takip-silipan Scratch Coat - Rebukada Spirit Level Lebel Wiring Knob Poleya Weans Coating Asolehos

BUILDING MATERIALS
Wood Classification Soft Wood Tanguile, Lawaan, Giho Hard Wood no flexibility Properties Hardness - compression strength of wood Flexibility Strength based on its grid Durability Categories Yard trims and paneling (baseboards, etc.) Shop door jambs (sash works) Structural Definition Strips - <1 (1 x 2, 1 x 3, 1 x 4, etc.) Board Dimension more than 1 (2 x 3, 2 x 4, 2 x 6, etc.) Timber square (2 x 2, 3 x 3, 4 x 4) Log biggest section Seasoning treatment applied to the wood Air Drying P40-60 S4S, S2S rough lumber (no treatment P23-30) Kiln Drying scientifically treated (P40-60) Manufactured Board Plywood Soft Plywood , , , 1 Hardwood Plywood used for paneling (danarra wood) Ply Board used in cabinets to be painted * size of nails 3x thickness of board Hard Board Lawanit (form works) Particle Board used for laminated cabinets Ply Board used in cabinets to be painted Acoustical Ceiling System Acoustic Board 2 x 2 and 2 x 4 Wall Angle installed in the perimeter of the wall Main Tee center line of room Cross Tee

Trooper Type Lighting Fixture lighting fixture used in acoustic ceiling * spacing of joist 0.60M Gypsum Board no flexibility Dry wall Horizontal support carrying channel Vertical support furring channel * spacing of studs 61mm or 2 Cement Board Hardiflex 10mm, 12mm, 16mm (2 hours fire proof) Casein glue for wood parquet - ingredients of milk Paint Reducers: Latex Water Enamel Paint Thinner Lacquer - Lacquer Thinner Applications of Paint: Brush 25% reducer Roller 50% reducer Spray 100% reducer Black add mixture