SURPASS HiT 7020 Technical Description Iss 01

SURPASS hiT 7020
Technical Description
Next Generation Multi-Service Provisioning Platform
This publication provides outline information only which (unless agreed by Company in writing) may not be used, applied or reproduced for any purpose or form part of any order or contract to be regarded as a representation relating to the products or services concerned. The Company reserves the right to alter without notice the specification, design, price or conditions of supply of any product or service.
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Copyright Siemens AG 2004 Technical Description SURPASS hiT 7020

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August 06, 2004
C. Schulze, ICN CN SM EP 3
Disclaimer: This Technical Description is provided as a generic descriptive document only. It does not include any legally binding statement. The product features, and details thereof, discussed in this Technical Description may include those that prove to be temporarily or permanently unavailable.
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Contents
1 Introduction 6
1.1 ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES .................................................................................................................................8 1.1.1 Generic Framing Procedure (GFP) ......................................................................................................8 1.1.2 Virtual Concatenation (VC).................................................................................................................10 1.1.3 Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme (LCAS)..........................................................................................11 1.1.4 Ethernet Functions ..............................................................................................................................11
SURPASS hiT 7020 Overview
12
2.1.1 Physical Structure................................................................................................................................12 2.1.2 System Functional Block Diagram ......................................................................................................13 2.1.3 Cross Connection and Switching Capability .......................................................................................13 2.1.4 Line and Service Interfaces .................................................................................................................14 2.1.5 System Management Interfaces ...........................................................................................................14 2.2 SDH CAPABILITIES ..........................................................................................................................................15 2.3 ADVANCED DATA SERVICE SUPPORT ...............................................................................................................15 2.3.1 VLAN ...................................................................................................................................................15 2.3.2 Input Information Rating Limiting.......................................................................................................16 2.3.3 Class of Service ...................................................................................................................................16 2.3.4 GFP Data Encapsulation ....................................................................................................................16 2.3.5 RSTP Based Protection........................................................................................................................17 2.3.6 L2 Multicast Function..........................................................................................................................17 2.3.7 Ethernet Data Transport Support ........................................................................................................17 2.4 CHASSIS DESCRIPTION .....................................................................................................................................19 2.5 MANAGEMENT INTERFACES .............................................................................................................................20 2.6 SYSTEM LEDS ..................................................................................................................................................20 2.7 CROSS CONNECT CAPABILITY ..........................................................................................................................21 2.8 TIMING FUNCTION AND SSM SUPPORT ............................................................................................................21 2.9 STM-1/4 LINE INTERFACES .............................................................................................................................22 2.10 ETHERNET INTERFACES ....................................................................................................................................23 2.10.1 4 FE/L2 Service Interface Module.....................................................................................................23 2.11 E1 INTERFACES ................................................................................................................................................25 2.12 NETWORK PROTECTION ...................................................................................................................................25 2.12.1 MSP .....................................................................................................................................................25 2.12.2 SNCP ...................................................................................................................................................25 2.12.3 LCAS....................................................................................................................................................26 2.12.4 Ethernet Shared Protection Ring.........................................................................................................26 2.12.5 Multiple Layers Protection ..................................................................................................................27 2.13 EQUIPMENT REDUNDANCY AND PROTECTION ..................................................................................................27 2.13.1 Protection under Abnormal Condition ................................................................................................27 2.13.2 Software Fault Tolerance ....................................................................................................................28 2.13.3 Data Security .......................................................................................................................................28
Technical Specification
29
3.1 SDH OVERHEAD ..............................................................................................................................................30 3.2 INTERFACE TYPES ............................................................................................................................................32 3.2.1 Electrical Interfaces ............................................................................................................................32 3.2.2 Optical Interfaces ................................................................................................................................33 3.2.3 Management and Maintenance Interface ............................................................................................33 3.3 INTERFACE PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS ....................................................................................................34 3.3.1 Optical Interface Performances...........................................................................................................34 3.3.2 STM-1 Optical Interface Performance ................................................................................................34 3.3.3 STM-4 Optical Interface Performance ................................................................................................35 3.3.4 Electrical Interface Performances.......................................................................................................36
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Timing and Synchronization Performance ..........................................................................................39 3.3.5 3.3.6 Jitter Performance...............................................................................................................................39 3.4 TIMING .............................................................................................................................................................41 3.5 POWER SOURCE AND CONSUMPTION ................................................................................................................42 3.5.1 Power Modules ....................................................................................................................................42 3.5.2 Power Consumption ............................................................................................................................42 3.6 MECHANICAL STRUCTURE ...............................................................................................................................42 3.7 ENVIRONMENT REQUIREMENTS .......................................................................................................................43 3.8 ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY ...............................................................................................................43 3.9 VIBRATION TESTS ............................................................................................................................................44 3.9.1 Shipping Test .......................................................................................................................................44 3.9.2 Office Test............................................................................................................................................44 3.10 SYSTEM MTBF AND FIT..................................................................................................................................45
DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS
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List of Tables
Table 1 - Comparison between GFP and PPP .........................................................................................................9 Table 2 - System Configuration.............................................................................................................................12 Table 3- Main board management interfaces ........................................................................................................20 Table 4 - System LEDs..........................................................................................................................................20 Table 5 - STM-1 line interface parameters............................................................................................................22 Table 6 - STM-4 line interface parameters............................................................................................................22 Table 7 - Cross-Connect Multiplexing Structure acc. ITU-T G.707 .....................................................................29 Table 8 - Terminated Mapping Structure ..............................................................................................................29 Table 9 - SDH overhead bytes supported by SURPASS hiT 7020 .......................................................................30 Table 10 - SURPASS hiT 7020 Interface Types ...................................................................................................32 Table 11 - STM-1/4 Optical Interface Parameters and Application Codes ...........................................................34 Table 12 - STM-1 Optical Interface Specifications...............................................................................................34 Table 13 - STM-4 Optical Interface Specifications...............................................................................................35 Table 14 - 2048 kbit/s Electrical Interface Parameters acc to ITU-T G.703 .........................................................36 Table 15 - 1544 kbit/s Electrical Interface Parameters (ITU-T G.703) .................................................................37 Table 16 - Electrical Interface Output Signals Bit Rate Allowable Deviation ......................................................38 Table 17 - Electrical Interface Allowable Input Attenuation.................................................................................38 Table 18 - Electrical Interface Allowable Input Port Frequency Deviation ..........................................................38 Table 19 - Electrical Interface Input Port Anti-Interference Capability ................................................................38 Table 20 - Timing Output Jitter.............................................................................................................................39 Table 21 - Internal Timing Source Output Frequency...........................................................................................39 Table 22 - STM-1/4 Interface Output Jitter ...........................................................................................................39 Table 23 - STM-1 Interface Jitter Tolerance .........................................................................................................40 Table 24 - STM-4 Interface Jitter Tolerance .........................................................................................................40 Table 25 - PDH mapping jitter generation specification ......................................................................................40 Table 26 - SURPASS hiT 7020 PDH interface combined jitter generation specification .....................................41 Table 27 - SURPASS hiT 7020Environment Requirements .................................................................................43 Table 28 - SURPASS hiT 7020 Electromagnetic Compatibility Requirements....................................................43 Table 29 - Shipping test standards.........................................................................................................................44 Table 30 - Office test standards.............................................................................................................................44 Table 31 - SURPASS hiT 7020 MTBF and FIT values ........................................................................................45
List of Figures
Figure 1 - Future Traffic Growth.............................................................................................................................6 Figure 2 - GFP mapping ..........................................................................................................................................9 Figure 3 - SURPASS hiT 7020 Physical View......................................................................................................12 Figure 4 - Functional Block Diagram of SURPASS hiT 7020 ..............................................................................13 Figure 5 - Three Ethernet data transmission methods in SURPASS hiT 7020 rings.............................................18 Figure 6 - Chassis Configuration...........................................................................................................................19 Figure 7 - 4 FE/L2 module functional block diagram .........................................................................................23
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Introduction
For almost two decades, Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) has been the preferred transport technology over optical fibers. SDH is the dominant transport protocol in virtually all long-haul networks (voice and data) as well as in metro networks that were originally developed for voice traffic. As a resilient, well-understood transport mechanism, SDH has stood the test of time. Its reliability is unsurpassed. The ability of SDH to support 50-msec switching to backup paths, combined with extensive performance monitoring features has resulted in the 99.999% availability that distinguishes carrier-class transport. Legacy SDH was designed mainly to transport circuit oriented services like voice and as such is an inherently rigid and inefficient method for transporting data. Traditionally a single wire speed Gigabit Ethernet service (1.25G) will be allocated to one STM-16 channel (2.5G). This means 48 % of the of this STM-16 pipe remains as idle capacity.
1000 Internet 100 Tbit/s 10 Phone
10 Intranet 1 2000
WAN
2002 2004 2006 2008 2010
0
Source: Siemens AG Figure 1 - Future Traffic Growth
The phenomenal growth in bandwidth, connectivity and content generated by the Internet, Intranet and broadband applications, has made native data transfer a very important criteria for telecommunication infrastructure (see Figure 1). Ethernet has become the de facto standard for enterprise networks. In Storage Area Networks (SAN), ESCONTM, FICONTM and Fiber Channel are by far todays most dominating technology as well. The solution is Next Generation SDHtechnology that transforms rigid, circuit-oriented SDH networks to a universal transport mechanism that is optimized for both voice and data. The technology enables carriers to keep up with growing demands for bandwidth, to efficiently carry both streaming and bursty traffic, and adapt to constantly changing traffic patterns. Multiple protocols and thus services are supported: from basic TDM voice, Ethernet, as well as SAN.
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Siemens has introduced a new range of equipment that makes the promise of Next Generation SDH a reality: the SURPASS hiT 70 series. This platform provides the flexibility of true packet switching and Ethernet transport, while operating with the inherent reliability of SDH. Multiple network elements are integrated and consolidated into a single compact unit. The efficiency of this approach, together with extensive use of highly integrated components allows the SURPASS hiT 70series to be offered at lower costs than current solutions.
Data + Voice = SURPASS hiT 70 series

In order to address the varying needs and requirements of carriers carrier, carrier and enterprise, the SURPASS hiT 70 series consists of a diverse range of products, namely:
SURPASS Multi-Service Optical Networks Portfolio

SURPASS hiT 70 series Multi Service Provisioning Platforms Products hiT 7070 hiT 7060 HC hiT 7060 hiT 7050 CC hiT 7030 HC hiT 7050 FP hiT 7030 hiT 7020 Application
HW protection no HW protection
ADM, multiple STM-64 ADM, STM-64, multiple STM-16 ADM, multiple STM-16 ADM, STM-16 / multiple STM-4 ADM, STM-4, STM-1 ADM, multiple STM-4 / STM-1 ADM, STM-4 / STM-1 CPEs
Information and Communication Networks
ICN CN S M EP
Note: This Technical Description covers SURPASS hiT 7020, only.
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1.1 Enabling Technologies

In this section, the following key enabling technologies for SURPASS hiT 70 series are described: 1) Generic Framing Procedure (GFP) 2) Virtual Concatenation (VC, a standard way of packing lower bandwidth circuits into SDH/SONET frames) 3) Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme (LCAS) 4) Ethernet Functions
1.1.1
Generic Framing Procedure (GFP)
GFP/G.7041 provides a framing procedure for octet-aligned, variable-length payloads for subsequent mapping into SDH SPEs. GFP differs from other packet mappings (e.g., Packet over SONET) because it is Layer 2 independent and maintains the Layer-2 header information, in a manner such that the destination node may reproduce the entire stream of Layer-2 frames. This in turn, allows the transport network to transparently connect two Layer-2 devices. GFP standard includes two modes: transparent and frame-mapped. Transparent Mode (GFP-T) allows block-coded LAN and SAN signals, such as Gigabit Ethernet, Fiber Channel, Ficon, and Escon, to be transported and switched across an optical network, while preserving the full client-signal information Frame-Mapped Mode (GFP-F), on the other hand, is used to adapt Protocol Data Unit (PDU)-oriented signals client signals that are already framed or packetized by the client protocol and may operate at the data-link layer (or higher) of the client signal. GFP-F maps one frame or packet of the client signal, such as IP/PPP or Ethernet MAC, into one GFP frame. GFP frames, each associated with different clients, can be multiplexed onto a single TDM channel before SDH/SONET transport. This packet aggregation capability provides greater bandwidth efficiency.
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Ethernet Packet
Preamble
SFD
control0x11
DA 6-bytes SA 6-bytes T/L 2-bytes
Payload
CRC 4-bytes
Core Header
Payload Header
GFP Frame
PLI 2-bytes
HEC 2 byte
type 2-bytes
HEC 2byte
GFP Ex
Payload
FCS 4-bytes
Variable 4-65535 Byte
GFP Frame
SDH Frame
VC Overhead
VC Payload
Figure 2 - GFP mapping
Benefits of GFP The key benefits of GFP are the uniform mechanism to support all L2 protocols and high encapsulation efficiency. This provides convergence of next-generation services with existing infrastructure investment to provide network consolidation and cost savings. GFP provides: Uniform and deterministic mapping of packet and future services to SDH/SONET transport protocols which is more robust frame delineation than flag-based mechanisms such as HDLC. Flexibility of Extension Headers. This allows topology application specific fields to be defined without affecting frame delineation functions. payload independent frame expansion, and therefore no byte stuffing. the ability to identify the encapsulated client protocol separately from the Extension Header. This could be used to allow frame forwarding based on Extension Header fields without requiring recognition of the encapsulated client protocol.
Table 1 - Comparison between GFP and PPP
Support of topologies Frame delineation
GFP Point to point, ring and linear No need for specific frame flags, using the relationship between the PLI and cHEC to delineate frames. More
Multilink PPP, PPP Point to point Specific frame flags (opening/closing flags) are needed.
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Bit/Byte stuffing
stable. No Yes, GFP frame contains data priority bits which supports for congestion control Excellent Framed, Transparent Mapped No limitation on the frame length
Mandatory
Class of Service
Not supported Not supported Framed Not supported
Extendibility Mapping method Jumbo frame support
1.1.2
Virtual Concatenation (VC)
In order to transport payloads exceeding the payload capacity of the standard set of Synchronous Payload Envelops (SPEs), SPE concatenation was defined. There are two types of concatenations defined in ITU standards: contiguous and virtual concatenation. Contiguous concatenation has been part of SDH from its early days. It was conceived to accommodate high-speed data applications that use protocols such as ATM. The ITU defined contiguously concatenated containers only support certain rates including: STM-4c, STM-16c and STM-64c. The basic idea of virtual concatenation (VC) is to create a finer granularity of payloads than contiguous concatenation can offer. In addition, some legacy SDH equipment may not support contiguous concatenation transport switching, and virtually concatenated traffic is transported as individual SPEs across the SDH network and recombined at the destination node. Carriers can map any arbitrary bandwidth to a corresponding and appropriate number of VC-12 or VC-3 or VC-4 channels. The benefits of VC are: Efficiency: little bandwidth is wasted and carriers now have a more efficient scenario for carrying data over the SDH/SONET network. Compatibility: Virtual concatenation works across legacy networks. Only the end nodes of the network need to be aware of the containers being virtually concatenated, as this is fully transparent to the network. Hence, with virtual concatenation, large data channels can be routed over older networks that do not support large contiguous channels. Reliability: Virtual Concatenation, along with LCAS, can also allow new and efficient shared protection mechanisms.
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1.1.3
Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme (LCAS)
LCAS (ITU-T Recommendation G.7043/Y.1035, approved by the ITU-T in November 2001) is a protocol to synchronize the re-sizing of a virtual concatenation group in use, so it can be changed without corrupting packets in the process. LCAS provides automatic recovery of a link after member failures. LCAS builds on Virtual Concatenation. While the virtual concatenation is a simple labeling of individual VC/VT members within a virtual concatenation group, LCAS is a two-way signalling protocol that runs continuously between the two ends of the pipe and ensures that commands from the network management system to alter the pipe capacity do not impair the users traffic. LCAS offers several highly significant additions to SDHs capabilities: (1) The combination of VC and LCAS creates fine-tuned and variable capacity SDH/SONET pipes to match the needs of packet data QOS (quality of service) and customer SLAs (service-level agreements) and to boost carriers traffic-handling scalability and efficiency. The combination of VC and LCAS can also provide soft protection schemes. Using VC, traffic is distributively mapped into several SDH containers (e.g. VC4s) and sent by different paths. When certain VC-4s in the same VC group fail, LCAS can delete the failed VCs from the group. The traffic can then be dynamically adapted to the rest of the VC-4s bandwidth for transmission. Otherwise, partial bandwidth failure will lead to the failure of all the traffic. LCAS allows hitless adjustment of the size of a virtually concatenated group of channels.
(2)
1.1.4
Ethernet Functions
Layer 2 Ethernet functions implemented in the system typically include the following: 1. Layer 2 aggregation and switching function 2. 802.1p QoS/CoS based on Ethernet port and/or VLAN 3. Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) to provide Layer 2 traffic protection 4. Rate limiting function at per port or per VLAN basis, the maximum allowable rate per port or per VLAN is user provisionable. 5. VLAN function 6. Ethernet Shared Ring (ESR)
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SURPASS hiT 7020 Overview
SURPASS hiT 7020 is a very compact and integrated STM-1/STM-4 system positioned for Metro Access applications. SURPASS hiT 7020 supports data (FE) and PDH (E1) traffic. The system can be ordered in the following 4 system configurations as listed in the table below:
Table 2 - System Configuration System Configuration A B C D LOCC (VC-4 equivalent) 66 66 18 18 18 18 SDH Line Interface 2 STM-1 2 STM-1 2 STM-4 2 STM-4 E1 ports 8 8 8 8 FE ports 4 FE/L2 4 FE/L2
SURPASS hiT 7020 is designed to satisfy medium or low capacity metro multi-services access requirements for service provider or private enterprise networks, providing carrierclass reliability with 99.999% availability. Fully compliant with ITU-T and/or IEEE standards, SURPASS hiT 7020 can inter-operate with other standards-based transport and data communication equipment. Users can build stand-alone OC-3/STM-1 or OC-12/STM-4 networks, or inter-work with other SONET/SDH, multi-service transport products, or data communication products to build diverse transport/access networks. 2.1.1 Physical Structure
SURPASS hiT 7020 equipment chassis with 2 STM-1, 8 E1 and 4 FE/L2 interfaces is shown in Figure 3:
Figure 3 - SURPASS hiT 7020 Physical View
SURPASS hiT 7020 is a very compact unit. The physical dimension of SURPASS hiT 7020 are 1.75in/44.5mm (high) 17in/433mm (wide) 10.in/265mm (deep), which is in compliance with industry standards. All external interfaces are front access for easy maintenance and installation, and support various installation methods: 600mm or 19" rackmount, desktop, and wall-mount installations.
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2.1.2
System Functional Block Diagram
SURPASS hiT 7020 system functional block diagram is depicted in Figure 4:
EMS/SNM
Timing Output
Timing Input
NE Controller
Timing control
STM-4/1 STM-4/1 Interface Interface

E1 E1 Interface Interface
MS Overhead Process
RS Overhead Process
HOCC/LOCC
VC Mapping
Fast Ethernet Fast Ethernet Interface Interface L2 Switching
GFP
STM-4/1 STM-4/1 Interface Interface
Figure 4 - Functional Block Diagram of SURPASS hiT 7020
2.1.3
Cross Connection and Switching Capability
SURPASS hiT 7020 supports the following cross connection and switching capabilities: 2 STM-1 line interface configuration: 6 6 VC-4 equivalent LOCC 2 STM-4 line interface configuration: 18 18 VC-4 equivalent LOCC
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2.1.4
Line and Service Interfaces
The system can be ordered with 2 STM-1 or 2 STM-4 line interfaces, 8 E1 interfaces, and 4 FE with L2 function interfaces depending on your traffic requirements. There are 4 different system configurations as mentioned before: SURPASS hiT 7020: 2 STM-1 + 8 E1 SURPASS hiT 7020: 2 STM-1 + 8 E1 and 4 FE/L2 SURPASS hiT 7020: 2 STM-4 + 8 E1 SURPASS hiT 7020: 2 STM-4 + 8 E1 and 4 FE/L2
2.1.5
System Management Interfaces
The system management interfaces for service providers are located on the main board. There is one RJ-45 connector that enables you to connect to a network or sub-network management system, and a RJ-45 alarm output connector providing one audio and video alarm control. There is also a DB9 connector to connect to a management console. There are four LED indicators on the main board: one power status LED, and three systemalarm LEDs (Major, Critical, and Minor).
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2.2 SDH Capabilities

SURPASS hiT 7020 supports GFP ITU-T G.7041/Y.1303 encapsulation for Ethernet data. SURPASS hiT 7020 supports VC-12-Xv virtual connection (ITU-T G.707) efficiently mapping data traffic into SDH payload. SURPASS hiT 7020 also supports LCAS (G.7042) at VC12-Xv level, which provides dynamic bandwidth adjustment. SURPASS hiT 7020 provides SDH network protection functions including Multiplex Section Shared Protection Ring (STM-4 interfaces), Multiplex Section Protection 1 + 1 unidirectional (STM-4 and STM-1 interfaces), and Sub-Network Connection Protection (SNCP) at VC-12/3/4 levels. The Timing function is part of the main board of SURPASS hiT 7020. The Timing function selects a recovered clock from one of the line inputs, or an E1 tributary, or a station clock from the central office (two independent connections are provided), or an internal (on the main board) Stratum 3 reference clock as the system-timing reference. You can provision any of the clock inputs as a primary or secondary timing source. You can identify up to four timing references, which can be prioritized to provide protection.
2.3 Advanced Data Service Support

2.3.1 VLAN
SURPASS hiT 7020 supports Ethernet switching function, which is incompliance with IEEE Standard 802.1Q. At the ingress, each port can be set either to accept both VLAN-tagged and untagged frames, or to accept only the VLAN-tagged frames depending on the application requirements. At the egress, each port can be set to remove the VLAN tags or keep the VLAN tags. It is also possible to assign each port a PVID (Port-based VLAN ID), which will be inserted to the untagged frames as a VLAN ID when the frames come into the port. In addition, each port can be put into one or more VLANs by assigning a VLAN list to it allowing different customers or different applications to share the same port. All services within the specific VLAN in the list can dynamically share the bandwidth of the port and still retain security. If the port belongs to a VLAN, the frames of that VLAN will be able to passthrough the port; otherwise, the frames will be discarded. Optionally, each port can be set to transparent mode, meaning that no switching functions will be performed on the frames. In this case, the pairing of one LAN (customer) port and one WAN (internal uplink) port must be established.
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2.3.2
Input Information Rating Limiting
SURPASS hiT 7020 supports Input Rate Limiting function on a port basis or a VLAN basis. An input information rate-limiting feature allows the one to control the maximum bandwidth an end user can obtain from the network. The minimum rate is 200 Kbit/s, and the bandwidth incremental granularity is as low as 1 Kbit/s. 2.3.3 Class of Service
SURPASS hiT 7020 supports 802.1p CoS at a port basis or a VLAN basis. At the ingress of every port, there is a buffer to accommodate the input burst when the output port is congested. The memory for buffering is shared among all ports on a card, and the total capacity is up to 16 Mbytes. At the egress of every port, there are four queues, which can be assigned with different priorities or weights. The scheduling scheme can be set either to strict policing or weighted transmission.
2.3.4
GFP Data Encapsulation
SURPASS hiT 7020 incorporates advanced Generic Framing Procedure (GFP) (G.7041/Y.1303) mapping scheme to encapsulate Ethernet traffic into SDH payloads. GFP encapsulated data is then mapped into SDH payloads using Virtual Concatenation techniques of ITU-T standard G.707/Y.1322. This process provides the most efficient mapping of the packets and the greatest bandwidth efficiency within the network. GFP mapping can be viewed as a multi-service encapsulation method, which strips out unnecessary legacy aspects of SONET and SDH to provide a thin Layer 1 capability that supports a wide range of client-service protocols. Benefits of the GFP approach include: Simple multi-service adaptation and compatibility with existing transport networks. Uniform, deterministic mapping of packet, storage, and future services to global SONET and SDH transport protocols via an interoperable International Telecommunication Union, Telecom Standardization Sector (ITU-T) Recommendation. Efficient network resource utilization via GFPs low overhead characteristics, and compatibility with virtual-concatenation processing. Premiere Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) QOS (quality of service), latency, and jitter performance from GFP-T transparent mode, which requires minimal buffering. Greater bandwidth efficiency through GFP-F frame-modes support for packet-level
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multiplexing, which allows aggregation of multiple client streams into a single TDM channel. Layer 2 independent with the support for RPR and other Layer 2 protocols.
Convergence of next-generation services with existing infrastructure investment to
provide network consolidation and cost savings.
2.3.5
RSTP Based Protection
The Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (IEEE 802.1w) provides fast L2 traffic protection.
2.3.6
L2 Multicast Function
SURPASS hiT 7020 supports L2 multicast function including pre-provisioned static multicast, or IGMP Snooping controlled dynamic multicast.
2.3.7
Ethernet Data Transport Support
SURPASS hiT 7020 supports three Ethernet data transport schemes shown below: Point-to-point transparent: o In this mechanism, dedicated bandwidth is assigned to an end-to-end traffic. The Virtual Concatenation) technique is used in SURPASS hiT 7020 to provide more efficient bandwidth assignment. This scheme is more suitable for high security requirements and delay-sensitive traffic as each traffic has a dedicated bandwidth. The drawback is the limited bandwidth efficiency. As we know, Ethernet traffic has bursty characteristics and is delay insensitive. Statistical multiplexing is usually employed in data network to achieve bandwidth efficiency. Dedicated bandwidth per data flow is not efficient for bursty traffic transmission. L2 aggregation In this mechanism, the Ethernet switching and aggregation is performed at NE to allow local user traffic being aggregated into a higher rate SDH trunk. The statistical multiplexing of multiple Ethernet traffic makes the bandwidth utilization more efficient. Ethernet Shared Ring (ESR) o The ESR (Ethernet Shared Ring) is a variable length packet switched multi Copyright Siemens AG 2004 Technical Description SURPASS hiT 7020
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node ring. o Data traffic shares the same ring bandwidth o MAC and VLAN based switching o Destination strips unicast packets o Drop and continue for broadcast and multicast o Source node strips broadcast packets o Class of Service indication in header to support multiple traffic priorities on ring o Rapid Spanning Tree protocol (IEEE 802.1w and IEEE802.1s) to provide layer 2 protections in ring configuration. The ESR (Ethernet Shared Ring) technology can efficiently add/drop or duplicate the data traffic on a ring. This dramatically increases the transport efficiency when compared with the traditional point-to-point networking technology that may lead to back-haul traffic and inefficient multicast traffic.
(a) Point-to-point (transparent)
(b) Local Aggregation
(c) Ethernet Shared Ring
9WAN Interfaces
3WAN interfaces
2WAN interfaces
3 LAN interfaces
3 LAN interfaces
3 LAN interfaces
Local muxing
Figure 5 - Three Ethernet data transmission methods in SURPASS hiT 7020 rings
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2.4 Chassis Description

SURPASS hiT 7020 equipment is an integrated box. SURPASS hiT 7020 can be preconfigured into 4 system capacities. The SURPASS hiT 7020 chassis (with 2 STM-1 + 21 E1 + 4 FE/L2 interfaces) is shown below:
2x STM-1 or 2x STM-4 optical interfaces Power module
4x FE
8x E1 Management interfaces and system LEDs
Figure 6 - Chassis Configuration
SURPASS hiT 7020 chassis consists of the following: A main board to provide system control, cross connects, and timing functions. The main board also provides SDH and E1 interfaces A daughter card (on the main board) to provide FE interfaces A power supply module (AC or DC)
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2.5 Management Interfaces

The management interfaces and LEDs on SURPASS hiT 7020 are listed below.
Table 3- Main board management interfaces
Interface Name Console MGMT ALM
Functional description RS232 interface, DB9 connector, local configuration interface RJ45 connector,1 10/100M Base-T management interface RJ45 alarm output interface, providing one audio and video alarm control
2.6 System LEDs

Table 4 - System LEDs
Name PWR
Color Green
Status ON OFF ON
CR
Red
Flashing OFF ON
Functional Description Power is available to the system. Power is off One or more critical alarms are present. Or any card is in initializing. One or more critical transmission alarms are present. When any optional service card is mismatch or faulty, MJ alarm LED and CR alarm LED will flash at the same time. No critical alarms There are one or more major alarms present in the system When any optional service card is mismatch or faulty, MJ alarm LED and CR alarm LED will flash at the same time. No major alarms There are one or more major alarms presented in the system. No Minor alarms (Warning and indeterminate alarms do not turn the LED on.) There is an optical signal detected in the port There is no optical signal detected in the port. This occurs at the initial state when the fiber is not connected to the port, or the transmitting (TX) or receiving (RX) fiber is mis-connected. There is an optical signal detected in the port
MJ
Orange
Flashing OFF ON
MN
Yellow OFF ON
Link 1 Green status Link 2 Green
OFF ON
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Name status
Color
Status OFF
Functional Description There is no optical signal detected in the port. This occurs at the initial state when the fiber is not connected to the port, or the transmitting (TX) or receiving (RX) fiber is mis-connected.
2.7 Cross Connect Capability

SURPASS hiT 7020 supports 2 kinds of cross connect capacities 6 6 VC-4 equivalent LOCC in the STM-1 line interface configuration, and 18 18 VC-4 equivalent LOCC in the STM-4 line interface configuration. The following types of cross connects are possible on both cross connect units: Uni-directional Bi-directional Loop backs Multicast
2.8 Timing Function and SSM Support

The Timing function is part of the SURPASS hiT 7020 main board. The Timing function selects a recovered clock from one of the line inputs, or a station clock from the central office, or an E1 tributary input, or an internal Stratum 3 (only apply to the STM-4 main board) reference as the system-timing reference. One can provision any of the clock inputs as a primary or secondary timing source. One can identify up to four timing references, which can be prioritized to provide protection. A slow-reference tracking loop allows the Timing function to synchronize to the recovered clock, which provides holdover if the reference is lost. The STM-4 main board can run in free running, holdover, or locked mode. The normal synchronous mode is locked mode. If all of the reference sources fail, the system switches to holdover mode. The STM-1 main board does not support free running/holdover/locked modes. The timing input must be locked to an external timing reference. A Synchronization Status Message (SSM) signal can be used to transfer the signal quality level throughout a network. This will guarantee that all network elements will always be synchronized to the highest quality clock available.
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On the SURPASS hiT 7020 system the SDH SSM algorithm is supported on all STM-N interfaces and on the framed 2 Mbit/s synchronization output signal (connected to the station output clock): 1) SSM function support can be user provisioned as enabled or disabled. When the SSM function is disabled in the NE, all STM-N interfaces and the framed 2 Mbit/s synchronization output signal interface will send out DNU (do not use for sync) signal. 2) There are 4 possible quality levels specified in SSM for timing reference sources: PRC, SSU-A, SSU-B, and SEC. In addition, DNU is specified in SSM. The quality of each timing reference source can either be retrieved from the incoming SSM or provisioned from the network management system. 3) SURPASS hiT 7020 supports the synchronization source switching algorithm based on SSM defined in ITU-T G.781. 4) The wait-to-restore (WTR) time for timing reference source is between 0-12 minutes and can be set from the network management system in minute increments. The default value is 5 minutes
2.9 STM-1/4 Line Interfaces

This SURPASS hiT 7020 provides 2 STM-1 or 2 STM-4 line optical interfaces. The STM1/4 interfaces are fully compliant with ITU-T G.707 and G.957 standards. SURPASS hiT 7020 uses SFP for STM-1/4 optical interfaces.
Table 5 - STM-1 line interface parameters
Interface 2 STM-1 Optical Interface
Description LC connector Multiple STM-1 SFP Optical Interface modules STM-1 (850nm, <1Km) STM-1 (L-1.2 80Km) STM-1 (L-1.1 40Km) STM-1 (S-1.1 15Km)
Table 6 - STM-4 line interface parameters
Interface 2 STM-4 Optical Interface
Description LC connector Multiple STM-4 SFP Optical Interface modules - STM-4 (120Km) - STM-4 (L-4.2 80Km) - STM-4 (L-4.1 40Km) - STM-4 (S-4.1 15Km)
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2.10 Ethernet Interfaces

SURPASS hiT 7020 provides 4x 10/100M Base-T interfaces with L2 function. Each Ethernet interface option above is implemented on a daughter card and is described below as a module. 2.10.1 4 FE/L2 Service Interface Module Function: This interface module provides 4x 10/100M Base-T IEEE 802.3 compatible Ethernet interfaces, and Layer 2 switching function. This module provides 4 WAN ports with total 1 VC-4 bandwidth. The functional block diagram of this module is depicted in Figure below:
Total 1x VC-4 bandwidth
4x RJ-45 connectors
Octal 100Base-T PHY
Layer 2
EOS (GFP, LAPS, VC12-Xv)
4x WAN ports
Figure 7 - 4 FE/L2 module functional block diagram
The key functions provided by this module are: GFP encapsulationITU-T G.7041/Y.1303 10/100Mbit/s Ethernet VLAN trunking Scalable bandwidth through virtual concatenation VC-12-Xv (X=146) and LCAS VLAN and double VLAN tagging, providing increased number of VLANs. Access Control List (ACL) based on MAC addresses Rapid Spanning Tree (802.1w), dramatically reducing restoration time Layer 2 multicast functions (including static provisioned multicast and IGMP Snooping multicasting functions), saving bandwidth on applications such as multi-media video
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L2 aggregation function Provides per port rate limiting function: the rate range of each port is from 200kbps~100Mbps (FE), and the rate provisioning granularity is 1kbps. Provides per VLAN rate limiting function: The rate range of each VLAN is from 200kbps~100Mbps (FE), and the rate provisioning granularity is 1kbps. Provides 802.1p QoS/CoS based on Ethernet port and/or VLAN Each FE input interface has a buffer to support bursty data traffic transmission. The input buffer of FE interface can accommodate up to 256 frames. Each FE interface has also 4 output queues, each of which has a buffer that can accommodate up to 496 frames to be sent out. As each of the input buffers and output port buffers are using independently dedicated memory spaces, instead of sharing any common memory space, there will be no conflicts between the input buffer and the output buffers.
For a minimum investment, this Ethernet module provides very attractive services to end customers, like: Scalable bandwidth without having to change interfaces A transparent LAN service that hides the complexity of the WAN for end users (a WAN that looks like a LAN) High availability LAN service because of end-to-end SDH protection switching.
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2.11 E1 Interfaces
SURPASS hiT 7020 provides 8 E1 interfaces. The E1 interface is 2.048MBits/s electrical interface and is in compliance with the ITU-T G.703 standard. This SURPASS hiT 7020 supports ITU-T G.707 asynchronies mapping of E1 signal into a VC-12 container. The 8 E1 interface version uses 8 RJ-45 connectors.
2.12 Network Protection

SURPASS hiT 7020 supports multiple layer network protection functions and multiple layer protection escalation. The network protection functions supported are: MS-SPRing in STM-4 rings, in compliance with ITU-T G.841 MSP 1 1 protection at STM-1, STM-4 revertive or non-revertive modes, in compliance with ITU-T G.841 SNCP at VC-12, VC-3, VC-4 levels, in compliance with ITU-T G.841 Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) to provide Layer 2 Ethernet data protection by converging data to another path, in compliance with IEEE 802.1w protocol
2.12.1 MSP 1+1 MSP (G.841/Clause 7) protects an STM-N link between two adjacent SDH MS (multiplexing section) elements. SURPASS hiT 7020 supports 1+1 multiplex section protection (MSP) on all STM-N optical ports. MSP 1+1 can be either uni-direction or bi-directional. The protection time is less than 50ms. SURPASS hiT 7020 also supports Manual switch and Forced switch of MSP.
2.12.2 SNCP SNCP: Sub-Network Connection Protection (also known as path protection). SURPASS hiT 7020 supports Sub-Network Connection (SNC) protection (ITU-T G.841). It is available at the VC-12, VC-3 and VC-4 level. SURPASS hiT 7020 supports VC-4/3/12 SNC protection between any pair of VC-4/3/12s in any STM-N Card. The protection switch time for SNC protection is 50 ms.
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The SNC protection scheme supported in SURPASS hiT 7020 is inherently monitored SNC or SNC/I. So SNCP protected VC-4s are protected against AIS or LOP at the AU-4 level (server layer defects) and against misconnections (trace identifier mismatch or VC-4 dTIM), disconnections (unequipped signal or VC-4 dUNEQ), or signal degradations (VC-4 dDEG) in the VC-4 itself. Likewise, SNCP protected VC-3s and VC-12s are protected against TU3/12AIS, TU3/12-LOP (server layer defects), VC-3/12 dTIM, dUNEQ, and dDEG. An advantage of SNCP is the flexibility to select any segment of the path for protection. The SNC protection can be applied to an end-to-end (from source to sink termination point) VC-n path, or to one or multiple links within the end-to-end path. It is also simple and easy to implement, as there is no signaling required between the source and destination nodes. 2.12.3 LCAS SURPASS hiT 7020 supports the combination of VC and LCAS to provide VC-4 or VC-12 level protection. LCAS allows hitless adjustment of the size of a virtually concatenated group of channels. For example, when VC-12-Xv bandwidth is used to transmit data traffic through the network. In the case that certain VC-12s in the same VC-12-Xv group fail, SURPASS hiT 7020 will use LCAS to delete the failed VCs from the group, and the traffic is dynamically, or on the fly, adapted to the rest VC-12s bandwidth for transmission. Without LCAS, partial bandwidth failure will result in the failure of the end-to-end traffic transmission. When the failure is repaired, the LCAS will automatically add (recover) the deleted VC-12s to the VC group. 2.12.4 Ethernet Shared Protection Ring SURPASS hiT 7020 supports L2 switching and RSTP (IEEE 802.1w compliant) based L2 protection in ESR. The convergence time is less than six seconds. RSTP based protection is different from SDH layer protection. SDH protection is considered a physical layer protection, but the RSTP is a Layer 2 protection. When layer 2 Ethernet data fault is detected, even though the physical connectivity is good, RSTP will convergence the data to another physical path. SURPASS hiT 7020 provides increased network reliability by inter-operating MAC layer protection with SDH protection using different hold off times at different layers. When a network failure is detected in multiple layers, the lower layer protection is performed first. The higher-level protection will occur only if the lower layer protection doesnt succeed. For example, in a fiber failure condition, SDH layer protection will be performed first. If the SDH layer protection is successful, the Ethernet layer protection will not be performed. However, if the SDH layer protection fails (the failure is declared after a pre-defined hold off time for example. 100ms), the RSTP in the Ethernet layer will react to the failure and provide the protection by converging the data to an alternative path. In the ESR, the alternative path is the path on the other side of the ring. The hold off time in the Ethernet layer is user provisionable.
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2.12.5 Multiple Layers Protection SURPASS hiT 7020 supports network protection functions in both SDH and Ethernet layer. In order to coordinate the protection activities between layers, SURPASS hiT 7020 provides a protection escalation mechanism. This uses different hold off times at different layers to make sure that lower layer protection occurs first. For example, in a fiber failure condition, SDH protection will be performed first. If SDH layer protection is successful, no Ethernet protection occurs (because it is not needed). However, if the SDH protection fails after a certain period of time (the hold off time for Ethernet protection), Ethernet protection will occur. That is, the higher the layer, the longer the hold off time will be. In this way, the system can fully take the advantage of the fast SDH protection (<50ms), and have multi-layer protections for higher system reliability.
2.13 Equipment Redundancy and Protection

2.13.1 Protection under Abnormal Condition Unit power-off and software reset protection: System application software and date files are stored in both SDRAM and FLASH, where the copy in the FLASH is the backup copy. When the module is powered-off or reset, software can automatically retrieve the previous copy of application program and data from the FLASH. Software download protection: when power fails during software download, the SURPASS hiT 7020 BIOS will be written protected. The BIOS is guaranteed not to start the uncompleted software program or data file. After the power recovery, SURPASS hiT 7020 supports continued software download. All application software programs and data files can be downloaded to a NE while the NE is in-service. Software download verification process prevents data errors from transmission. Software upgrade protection: the SURPASS hiT 7020 controller contains two copies of the system software. During the software upgrade, one copy will be replaced by the new version of the software. After the new version is confirmed, the switch over to the new version does not affect the service traffic, and the existing system setting and configuration are maintained. If the system upgrade fails, the system can be switched back to the old version. Only when the new software version is confirmed working properly, can the old version be erased. System alarms capability.
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2.13.2 Software Fault Tolerance The software design of the SURPASS hiT 7020 NE adopts the principles of the software engineering, involving a top-down and object-oriented software design methods. Advanced software developing management and designing technology assure the high quality and reliability of NE software. Software modularization and low coupling between modules Multiple level software programs and data protection, with self-checking and selfrecovering functions Data transmission checking and re-transmitting mechanisms are implemented in all control signal transmission channels between modules to minimize the transmitting errors Adopted internal dog-circuit in CPU to avoid the impact of software deadlock or shut down. No service affected when the software performs warm reset Adopted common software platform approach. SURPASS hiT 7020 supports code sharing and reuses as many as field proven codes to provide higher software reliability.
2.13.3 Data Security SURPASS hiT 7020 adopts database module technology and manages data uniformly, which enhances the data security: Database and database files each have a data checking function Database files are protected according to importance level of data. Errors of lower level database files will not affect higher level database files There are two copies in the NE FLASH, two copies protect each other
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Technical Specification
SURPASS hiT 7020 supports the following multiplexing structure and terminated mapping and payload mapping structures.
Table 7 - Cross-Connect Multiplexing Structure acc. ITU-T G.707
Bit Rate
Cross-connect multiplexing structure STM-4<->AUG-4<->AUG-1<->AU-4 STM-4<->AUG-4<->AUG-1<->AU-4<->VC-4<->TUG-3<->TU-3 STM-4<->AUG-4<->AUG-1<->AU-4<->VC-4<->TUG-3<-> TUG-2<->TU12 STM-1<->AUG-1<->AU-4
622.08Mb/s
155.54 Mb/s
STM-1<->AUG-1<->AU-4<->VC-4<->TUG-3<->TU-3 STM-1<->AUG-1<->AU-4<->VC-4<->TUG-3<->TUG-2<->TU-12
Table 8 - Terminated Mapping Structure
Bit Rate E3 (34Mbit/s, E31) DS3 (45Mbit/s, E32) E1 (2.048Mbit/s) T1 (1.544Mbit/s) 10/100 Mb/s (FE)
Terminated Mapping Structure E31 <-> C-3 <-> VC-3 E32 <-> C-3 <-> VC-3 E1 <-> C-12 <-> VC-12<-> TU-12<-> TUG-2 T1 <-> C-11 <-> VC-11<-> TU-12<-> TUG-2
Container C-3 C-3 C-12 C-12
10/100Mbit/s (FE) <-> GFP <-> C-12-Xv <-> VC-12- Xv C-12 (X=1..46)
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3.1 SDH Overhead

The SURPASS hiT 7020 supports the following SDH overhead process as shown in table below:
Table 9 - SDH overhead bytes supported by SURPASS hiT 7020
Overhead Name A1 and A2 J0 B1 RS-OH E1 F1 D1~D3 B2 K1, K2 (b1~b5) K2 MSOH (b6~b8) D4~D12 S1 M0M1 E2 VC-4Xc/VC4/VC-3 POH J1 B3 C2 G1 F2 H4 F3 K3 (b1~b4) K3 (b5~b6)
Description Framing Bytes Regenerator Section Trace Regenerator Section BIP-8 Regenerator Section Order wire Regenerator Section User Channel Section DCC BIP-Nx24 APS
SURPASS hiT 7020 Support
MS-RDI Multiplex Section DCC Synchronous Status MS-REI Line Orderwire Path Trace Path BIP-8 Path Signal Label Path Status Path User Channel Position and Sequence Indicator Path User Channel APS Spare
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Overhead Name K3 (b7~b8) N1 V5 (b1~b2) V5 (b3) V5 (b4) V5 (b5~b7) VC2/VC-1 POH V5b8 J2 N2 K4(b1~b4) K4(b5~b7) K4(b8) Data link
Description
SURPASS hiT 7020 Support
Network Operator Byte BIP-2 LP-REI LP-RFI Signal Label LP-RDI Path Trace Network Operator Byte APS Reserved Data Link
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3.2 Interface Types

SURPASS hiT 7020 supports the following interfaces listed in Table 10 - SURPASS hiT 7020 Interface Types below:
Table 10 - SURPASS hiT 7020 Interface Types
Interface Types Electrical Interface
Optical Interface Timing Interface Auxiliary(Management and Maintenance Interface)
Interface Name and Rates 10/100M Base-T DS3/E3 E1 (2048kbit/s) T1 (1544kbit/s) STM-1 (155.520Mbit/s) STM-4 (622.080Mbit/s) 2048kbit/s 2048kHz RS-232, RJ-45 (802.3 LAN)
3.2.1
Electrical Interfaces
SURPASS hiT 7020 Ethernet 10/100M Base-T rate-adaptive electrical interface complies with IEEE Standard 802.3. The transmission media is 100 Ohmstwo pairs shielded twisted pair cable (STP) and two pairs of unshielded twisted pair cable (Category 5 UTP); the interface connector is using standard RJ-45 (1000ohm) connector. SURPASS hiT 7020 E1 interface complies with ITU-T G.703 Recommendation and uses DB100 (75ohm or 120ohm) connector.
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3.2.2
Optical Interfaces
The SURPASS hiT 7020 optical interfaces comply with ITU-T Recommendations G.957 and G.691. The SFP optical modules are field replaceable. Optical Interfaces: STM-4 SFP interface S-4.1, L-4.2 and L-4.3 STM-1 SFP interface S-1.1, 850 nm
Laser safety for the STM-4 and STM-1 optical interface: complies with IEC-60825 recommendations.
3.2.3
Management and Maintenance Interface
SURPASS hiT 7020 provides a RS-232 connector, which supports terminal-based command line interface. SURPASS hiT 7020 also provides a RJ-45 100 Ohms IEEE 802.3 LAN connector, which supports Internet browser based EMS and telnet-based command line interfaces.
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3.3 Interface Performance Specifications

The SURPASS hiT 7020 performance specifications for the optical and electrical interfaces, timing and synchronization, and jitter, as well as tests for electromagnetic compatibility, environment, and vibration comply with the ITU-T Recommendations G.957, G.703, and IEEE Standard 802.3. 3.3.1 Optical Interface Performances
The following table (Table 11) provides SURPASS hiT 7020 supported optical interfaces and application codes.
Table 11 - STM-1/4 Optical Interface Parameters and Application Codes
Application Operating wavelength range (nm) Type of fiber Distance (km)* STM-1 STM-4 850
Intra-office 1310 ITU-T Rec. G.652 15 S-1.1 S-4.1
Inter-office Short-haul 1310
Inter-office Long-haul 1550 ITU-T Rec. G.652 (G.653) 80 L-1.2 L-4.2 (L-4.3)
ITU-T Rec. G.651 1 I-1
ITU-T Rec. G.652 40 L-1.1 L-4.1
* (1) Target distance is used for classification, not for standardization. (2) The actual transmission distance can be calculated base on the transmitter power, receiver sensitivity and fiber loss. The following tables show the STM-1, and STM-4 optical interface parameters specified for the transmitter at point S, the receiver at point R, and the optical path between points S and R:
3.3.2
STM-1 Optical Interface Performance

Table 12 - STM-1 Optical Interface Specifications
Item Nominal bit rate Application code Operating wavelength range Source Type Transmitter at Maximum RMS width () reference Maximum-20dBwidth
Unit Mbit/s nm nm nm
155 S-1.1 1261-1360 FP 7.7 1
Value 155 L-1.1 1263-1360 SLM 1
155 L-1.2 1480-1580 SLM 1
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point S
Optical path between S and R
Receiver at reference point R
Item Minimum side mode suppression ratio Mean launch power (Max.) Mean launch power (Min.) Minimum extinction ratio Attenuation range Maximum dispersion Minimum optical return loss of cable plant at S, including any connectors Maximum discrete reflectance between S and R Minimum sensitivity (BER10-12) Minimum overload Maximum optical path penalty Max. reflectance of receiver, measured at R
Unit dB dBm dBm dB dB Ps/nm dB
Value 30 -8 -15 8.2 0-12 96 NA 30 0 -5 10 10-28 N/A 30 0 -5 10 10-28 N/A 20
dB dBm dBm dB dB
NA -28 -8 1 NA -34 -10 1 N/A
-25 -34 -10 1 -25
3.3.3
STM-4 Optical Interface Performance

Table 13 - STM-4 Optical Interface Specifications
Item Operating bit rate Application code Operating wavelength range Source type
Unit Mbit/s 622 S-4.1 nm 12741356 FP nm 2.5 Maximum RMS width ( ) Maximum -20dBwidth nm NA dB dBm dBm dB dB Ps/nm dB 30 -8 -15 8.2 0-12 NA NA
622 L-4.1 12801335 SLM 1 30 +2 -3 10 10-24 20
Value 622 L-4.2 14801580 SLM NA 1 30 +2 -3 10 10-24 2400 24
622 L-4.3 14801580 SLM NA 1 30 +2 -3 10 10-24 N/A 20
Minimum side mode Transmitter at suppression ratio reference point S Mean launch power (Max.) Mean launch power (Min.) Minimum extinction ratio Optical path Attenuation range between S and R Maximum dispersion Minimum optical return loss of cable plant at S, including any connectors
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Receiver at reference point R
Item Maximum discrete reflectance between S and R Minimum sensitivity (BER10-12) Minimum overload Maximum optical path penalty Max. reflectance of receiver, measured at R
Unit dB NA
-25
Value -27
-25
dBm dBm dB dB
-28 -8 1 -27
-28 -8 1 -27
-28 -8 1 -27
-28 -8 1 -14
3.3.4
Electrical Interface Performances
This section provides the E1 electrical interface specifications: 1) 2,048 Kbit/s digital interface 2) Allowable bit rate deviation of 2,048 Kbit/s and 10/100 Base-T Output Signals 3) Allowable attenuation at the 2,048 Kbit/s input port 4) Allowable frequency deviation at the 2,048 Kbit/s and 10/100 Base-T 5) Anti-interference capability of the 2,048 Kbit/s input port
3.3.4.1
Electrical Interface Parameters Specification
The following table shows the parameters for the 2048 Kbit/s digital interface: Table 14 - 2048 kbit/s Electrical Interface Parameters acc to ITU-T G.703 Pulse Shape (Nominally Rectangular) All marks of a valid signal must conform to the mask irrespective of the sign. The value V corresponds to the nominal peak value. One coaxial pair 75 Ohms resistive 2.37 V 0 0.237 V 244 ns
Pair(s) in each direction Test load impedance Nominal peak voltage of a mark (pulse) Peak voltage of a space (no pulse) Nominal pulse width Ratio of the amplitudes of positive and negative 0.95 to 1.05 pulses at the center of the pulse interval Ratio of the widths of positive and negative pulses 0.95 to 1.05 at the nominal half amplitude Maximum peak-to-peak jitter at an output port Rate
Interface Threshold Measurement Filter Bandwidth
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Pulse Shape (Nominally Rectangular)
All marks of a valid signal must conform to the mask irrespective of the sign. The value V corresponds to the nominal peak value. 20 Hz 18 kHz 100 kHz 100 kHz 2048 kbit/s 1.5 UI 0.2 UI
Table 15 - 1544 kbit/s Electrical Interface Parameters (ITU-T G.703)
Parameter Nominal line rate Line rate accuracy Line code 1544 kbit/s
Specification In a self-timed, free running mode, the line rate accuracy shall be 50 bits/s (32 ppm) or better. Either (1) AMI with no more than 15 consecutive zeros, and at least N ones in each and every time window of 8(N + 1) digit time slots (where N can range from 1 to 23), or (2) B8ZS. No frame structure is required for 1544 kbit/s transmission or higher level multiplexing to higher level DSN signals. One balanced twisted pair shall be used for each direction of transmission. 100 ohms 5% Between 2.4 V and 3.6 V Figure 10 in G.703 For an all-one signal, the power in a 3 kHz 1 kHz band is centred at 772 kHz shall be between 12.6 dBm and 17.9 dBm. The power in a 3 kHz 1 kHz band is centred at 1544 kHz shall be at least 29 dB below that at 772 kHz. In any window of seventeen consecutive bits, the maximum variation in pulse amplitudes shall be less than 200 mV, and the maximum variation in pulse widths (half amplitude) shall be less than 20 ns. No DC power applied at the interface. Access to the signal at the interface shall be provided for verification of these signal specifications.
Frame structure Medium Test load impedance Pulse amplitude Pulse shape Power level
Pulse imbalance
DC power Verification access
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3.3.4.2 Allowable Bit Rate Deviation of Output Signals Allowable Bit Rate Deviation of Output Signals is the difference between the actual signal bit rate and the nominal bit rate measured under AIS output condition. SURPASS hiT 7020 meets the standard requirements of output signal allowable bit rate deviation as shown below.
Table 16 - Electrical Interface Output Signals Bit Rate Allowable Deviation
Electrical Interface Types 2048 kbit/s 1544 kbit/s 10/100 Base-T
Standard Requirements (ppm) 50 32 100
3.3.4.3 Allowable Attenuation at the Input Port SURPASS hiT 7020 meets the standard requirements for the allowable attenuation at the input port (see Table 17 below):
Table 17 - Electrical Interface Allowable Input Attenuation
Electrical Interface Types Standard Requirements (dB) 2048 kbit/s 0~6 3.3.4.4 Allowable Frequency Deviation at the Input Port Allowable input signals frequency deviation is the signal bit rate variation range that the system can tolerate. The following table shows the standard requirements for the allowable frequency deviation at the input port:
Table 18 - Electrical Interface Allowable Input Port Frequency Deviation
Electrical Interface Types 2048 kbit/s 1544 kbit/s 10/100 Base-T
Standard Requirements (ppm) 50 32 100
3.3.4.5 Anti-interference Capability of the Input Port SURPASS hiT 7020 meets the standard requirements for the anti-interference capability of the input port (see Table 19 below):
Table 19 - Electrical Interface Input Port Anti-Interference Capability
Electrical Interface Types 2048 kbit/s
Standard Requirements (dB) 18
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3.3.5
Timing and Synchronization Performance
3.3.5.1 Output Jitter The following table shows the maximum acceptable level of network output jitter for the timing (synchronization) interface:
Table 20 - Timing Output Jitter
Output Interface PRC SSU SEC SECPDH Synchronization (2048 kbit/s)
Measuring band (-3dB frequencies) 20 ~ 100 K 20 ~ 100 K 20 ~ 100 K 49 ~ 100 K 20 ~ 100 K 18 ~ 100 K
Peak-to-peak Amplitude (UIpp) 0.05 UI 0.05 UI 0.5 UI 0.2 UI 1.5 UI 0.2 UI
3.3.5.2 Internal Timing Source Output Frequency The following table shows the output accuracy of the timing interface in its free-run mode:
Table 21 - Internal Timing Source Output Frequency
Timing Interface System Clock
Standard requirement (ppm) 4.6
3.3.6
Jitter Performance
Jitter and wander tolerance, transfer, and production specifications comply with the ITU- T Recommendations G.783, G.813 Option 1, G.823, G.824, G.825, and G.958; the China MII standard YD/T 1146-2001 and ETSI standards.
3.3.6.1 STM-1/4 Interface Output Jitter The following table shows the maximum acceptable level of output jitter at any STM-N output within a digital network (measured of a 60 second interval):
Table 22 - STM-1/4 Interface Output Jitter
Interface STM-1 (Optical) STM-1 (Electrical) STM-4 (Optical)
Measuring band (-3dB frequencies) 500 Hz ~ 1.3 MHz 65 Hz ~ 1.3 MHz 500 Hz ~ 1.3 MHz 65 Hz ~ 1.3 MHz 1000 Hz ~ 5 MHz
Peak-to-peak Amplitude (UIpp) 1.50 UI 0.15 UI 1.50 UI 0.075 UI 1.50 UI
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Measuring band (-3dB frequencies) 250 Hz ~ 5 MHz
Peak-to-peak Amplitude (UIpp) 0.15 UI
3.3.6.2 STM-1, STM-4, and PDH Input Interface Jitter Tolerance The following tables show the input jitter tolerance for the STM-N interfaces:
Table 23 - STM-1 Interface Jitter Tolerance
Interface
STM-1 (Optical)
STM-1 (Electrical)
Frequency (Hz) 10 < f <= 19.3 19.3 < f <= 68.7 68.7 < f <= 500 500 < f <= 6.5 k 6.5 k < f <= 65k 65 k < f <= 1.3 M 10 < f <= 19.3 19.3 < f <= 500 500 < f <= 3.3 k 3.3 k < f <= 65 k 65 k < f <= 1.3 M
Peak-to-Peak Jitter Amplitude 38.9 UI (.25 us) 750 f -1 UI 750 f -1 UI 1.5 UI 9.8 x 103 f -1 UI 0.15 UI 38.9 UI (.25 us) 750 f -1 UI 1.5 UI 4.9 x 103 f -1 UI 0.075 UI
Table 24 - STM-4 Interface Jitter Tolerance
Interface
STM-4 (Optical)
Frequency (Hz) 9.65 < f <= 100 100 < f <= 1000 1 k < f <= 25 k 25 k < f <= 250 k 250 k < f <= 5 M
Peak-to-Peak Jitter Amplitude 1500 f -1 UI 1500 f -1 UI 1.5 UI 3.8 x 104 f -1 UI 0.15 UI
Table 25 - PDH mapping jitter generation specification
G.703 (PDH) Interface
Filter Characteristics f1 High pass 10 Hz 20 dB/dec f3 High pass 8 kHz f4 Low pass 40 kHz 20 dB/dec
Maximum Peak-Peak Jitter Mapping f1-f4 f3-f4
1 544 kbit/s
0.7 (A0)
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G.703 (PDH) Interface
Filter Characteristics f1 High pass 20 Hz 20 dB/dec f3 High pass 18 kHz (700 Hz) 20 dB/dec f4 Low pass 100 kHz 60 dB/dec
Maximum Peak-Peak Jitter Mapping f1-f4 f3-f4
2 048 kbit/s
0.075 UI
Table 26 - SURPASS hiT 7020 PDH interface combined jitter generation specification
Filter Characteristics G.703 (PDH) Interface f1 high pass 10 Hz 20 dB/dec 20 Hz 20 dB/dec f3 high pass 8 kHz f4 low pass 40 kHz 20 dB/dec 100 kHz 60 dB/dec
Maximum Peak-Peak Jitter Combined f1-f4 f3-f4
1 544 kbit/s
2 048 kbit/s
18 kHz (700 Hz) 20 dB/dec
0.4 UI
0.075 UI
3.4 Timing
SURPASS hiT 7020 provides the following timing clock interfaces: External clock source1 input port, 2048kbit/sG.703-6or 2048kHzG.703-10) 75 Synchronize output1 output port, 2048kbit/sG.70375 SURPASS hiT 7020 supports the selection of the following 3 timing references: Line/tributary timing (STM-1/4 lines or tributaries, or E1 tributary) External station clock timing Internal clock (ITU-T G.813 option 1), applicable to STM-4 main board only
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3.5 Power Source and Consumption

3.5.1 Power Modules
SURPASS hiT 7020 supports -48V-40.5~-57.0 V) DC power supply or 100-240V AC power supply, support load balanced 1+1 power supply modular protection. 3.5.2 Power Consumption 10W 30W (Typical) 10W 55W (Typical)
Total power consumption: STM-1 system configuration: STM-4 system configuration:
3.6 Mechanical Structure

SURPASS hiT 7020 chassis mechanical parameters: Height: 44.5mm (1.75 inch, 1RU) Width 433mm (17 inch) Depth 265mm (10.4 inch) WeightMaximum 7.6 kg
SURPASS hiT 7020 can be installed in the following racks: EIA 310 19 2200mm(Height) 600mm (Width) 600mm (Depth) 2600mm (Height) 600mm (Weight) 600mm (Depth) Desktop Wall Mounting
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3.7 Environment Requirements

SURPASS hiT 7020 system is designed to comply with the following ETSI requirements (ETS 300 019) on environmental conditions: ETSI Class 3.1 on Environment, including the exceptional climatic limits (class 3.1E). ETSI Class 1.2 on Storage ETSI Class 2.3 on Transportation
The environmental conditions required by SURPASS hiT 7020 are as follows:

Table 27 - SURPASS hiT 7020Environment Requirements
Environmental Condition Transport and storage Operation for long term Operation for short term
Temperature -20 ~ 60 -5 ~ 45 -10 ~ 50
Relative Humidity 2% ~ 98% 10% ~ 90% (35) 10% ~ 90% (35)
3.8 Electromagnetic Compatibility

SURPASS hiT 7020 is designed to comply with the current and oncoming mandatory requirements of ETS300386 and ETS300127 specifications ETS300386 specification is based on EN55022/CISPR22 (emission) and EN61000-4-x (immunity):
Table 28 - SURPASS hiT 7020 Electromagnetic Compatibility Requirements
Item Radiated Emission Conducted Emission DC-power Telecom. Ports
Standard Reference EN 55022 Class A
ETS 300 386-1 (corresponds with EN 55022 class A for 0.15 to 30 MHz) CISPR 22 (1997), Class A
Electrostatic Discharge Radiated Immunity Electrical Fast Transients
EN 61000-4-2, Level 4 EN 61000-4-3, Level 2
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Item DC Ports Telecom. Ports
Standard Reference EN 61000-4-4, Level 1 EN 61000-4-4, Level 2
Surges Indoor Telecom. Ports Continuous Wave All ports (Telecom ports, DC) EN 61000-4-6, Level 2 EN 61000-4-5, Level 1
3.9 Vibration Tests

3.9.1 Shipping Test
SURPASS hiT 7020 meets the following shipping test standards.

Table 29 - Shipping test standards
Test Amplitude (>= 0.6 mm) Acceleration (>= 15 m/sX, Y, Z three directions) Test time (>=3 hours)
Test Standard ETSI ETSI ETSI
3.9.2
Office Test
SURPASS hiT 7020 meets the following office test standards

Table 30 - Office test standards
Test Amplitude (>= 0.6 mm) Acceleration (>= 15 m/sX, Y, Z three directions) Test time (>= 3 hours)
Test Standard ETSI ETSI ETSI
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3.10 System MTBF and FIT

SURPASS hiT 7020 is a highly reliable system. The systems MTBF-Mean Time Between Failure exceeds 80,000 hours. The detailed data is provided in the table below (Table 31).
Table 31 - SURPASS hiT 7020 MTBF and FIT values
Module Name STM-1 SFP STM-4 SFP STM-1 Main board & backplane STM-4 Main board & backplane 2x STM-4 line interface module 8x FE/T 6x FE/L2 service module 8x E1+4xFE/C service module 4x XRE
FIT (= 109 x Failure Rate) 150 300 46.5 52.5 4728 154.3 1087.8 1739.9 2243.8
MTBF (year) 760.51 380.26 2748.85 2189.58 24.13 739.32 104.9 65.6 50.8
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4
AIS
DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS

Alarm indication signal Add Drop Multiplexer Automatic Laser Shutdown American National Standard Institute Automatic Protection Switching Bit Error Ratio Bidirectional Self Healing Ring Control Area Network Card Clock Unit Clock and Data Recovery Clock Unit Data Communications Channel Dispersion Compensation Module Distributed Feedback Dual Tone Multi-Frequency Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing Embedded Communications Channel Engineering Order Wire European Telecommunication Standards Institute Frame Check Sequence Forward Error Correction First In First Out Generic Framing Procedure
ADM ALS ANSI APS BER BSHR CAN CCU CDR CLU DCC DCM DFB DTMF DWDM ECC EOW ETSI FCS FEC FIFO GFP
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HO ILAN IP ITU LAN LCT LSU LO LOCC LOS LXC MS MAC MCF MPLS MSP MS-SPRing MUX NCT NE NEMI ODU OTU PDH
High Order (SDH Traffic) Internal LAN Internet Protocol International Telecommunication Union Local Area Network Local Craft Terminal Line Switch Unit Low Order (SDH Traffic) Low Order Cross Connection Loss of Signal (indication) Local Cross Connect Multiplex Section Media Access Control Message Communications Function (G.782/783/784) Multi Protocol Label Switching Multiplex Section Protection Multiplex Section, Shared Protected Ring Multiplexer Network Craft Terminal Network Element Network Element Management Interface Optical Data Unit Optical Transport Unit Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy
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PID Q PoS PSU RPR SAN SCOH SDH SETS SLA SNC/P SONET SPI SSM SSMF STP STM-N TDM TIF TMN TMX TNMS UTIF VLAN
Power Input Device Q interface to telecommunication management network (TMN) Packet over SDH Power Supply Unit Resilient Packet Ring Storage Area Network System Controller and Overhead (Card) Synchronous Digital Hierarchy Synchronous Equipment Timing Source Service Level Agreement Sub-network Connection Protection with path monitoring Synchronous Optical Network SDH Physical Interface Synchronization Status Message Standard Single Mode Fiber Span Tree Protocol Synchronous transport module level N Time Division Multiplex Telemetry Interface (Housekeeping Alarm Interface) Telecommunication Management Network Terminal Multiplexer Telecommunication Network Management System (Network Element Manager) Universal Traffic Interface Virtual LAN
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SURPASS HiT 7020 Technical Description Iss 01

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SURPASS hiT 7020

Next Generation Multi-Service Provisioning Platform

Copyright Siemens AG 2004 Technical Description SURPASS hiT 7020

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SURPASS hiT 7020 Overview

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DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS

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Data + Voice = SURPASS hiT 70 series

SURPASS Multi-Service Optical Networks Portfolio

Information and Communication Networks

Note: This Technical Description covers SURPASS hiT 7020, only.

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1.1 Enabling Technologies

Generic Framing Procedure (GFP)

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DA 6-bytes SA 6-bytes T/L 2-bytes

Variable 4-65535 Byte

Figure 2 - GFP mapping

Table 1 - Comparison between GFP and PPP

Support of topologies Frame delineation

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Not supported Not supported Framed Not supported

Extendibility Mapping method Jumbo frame support

Virtual Concatenation (VC)

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Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme (LCAS)

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SURPASS hiT 7020 Overview

Figure 3 - SURPASS hiT 7020 Physical View

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System Functional Block Diagram

SURPASS hiT 7020 system functional block diagram is depicted in Figure 4:

STM-4/1 STM-4/1 Interface Interface

Fast Ethernet Fast Ethernet Interface Interface L2 Switching

Figure 4 - Functional Block Diagram of SURPASS hiT 7020

Cross Connection and Switching Capability

Copyright Siemens AG 2004 Technical Description SURPASS hiT 7020