Henri Matisse

Henri Matisse
Henri Matisse

Photograph of Henri Matisse by Carl Van Vechten, 1933 Birth name Born Henri-mile-Benot Matisse 31 December 1869 Le Cateau-Cambrsis, Nord 3 November 1954 (aged84) Nice, Alpes-Maritimes French Painting, printmaking, sculpture, drawing, collage Acadmie Julian, William-Adolphe Bouguereau, Gustave Moreau Fauvism, modernism, impressionism Woman with a Hat (Madame Matisse), 1905 in museums: Patrons Museum of Modern Art Barnes Foundation

Died

Nationality Field Training Movement Works

Gertrude Stein, Etta Cone, Claribel Cone, Michael and Sarah Stein, Albert C. Barnes

Influenced by John Peter Russell, Paul Czanne, Paul Gauguin, Vincent van Gogh, Paul Signac Influenced Hans Hofmann, David Hockney, Tom Wesselmann

Henri-mile-Benot Matisse (French:[i matis]; 31 December 1869 3 November 1954) was a French artist, known for his use of colour and his fluid and original draughtsmanship. He was a draughtsman, printmaker, and sculptor, but is known primarily as a painter.[1] Matisse is commonly regarded, along with Pablo Picasso and Marcel Duchamp, as one of the three artists who helped to define the revolutionary developments in the plastic arts in the opening decades of the twentieth century, responsible for significant developments in painting and sculpture.[2][3][4][5] Although he was initially labelled a Fauve (wild beast), by the 1920s he was increasingly hailed as an upholder of the classical tradition in French painting.[6] His mastery of the expressive language of colour and drawing, displayed in a body of work spanning over a half-century, won him recognition as a leading figure in modern art.[7]

Henri Matisse

Early life and education

Matisse was born in Le Cateau-Cambrsis, Nord, France, the oldest son of a prosperous grain merchant.[8] He grew up in Bohain-en-Vermandois, Picardie, France. In 1887 he went to Paris to study law, working as a court administrator in Le Cateau-Cambrsis after gaining his qualification. He first started to paint in 1889, after his mother brought him art supplies during a period of convalescence following an attack of appendicitis. He discovered "a kind of paradise" as he later described it,[9] and decided to become an artist, deeply disappointing his father.[10][11] In 1891, he returned to Paris to study art at the Acadmie Julian and became a student of William-Adolphe Bouguereau and Gustave Moreau. Initially he painted still-lifes and landscapes in a traditional style, at which he achieved reasonable proficiency. Matisse was influenced by the works of earlier masters such as Jean-Baptiste-Simon Chardin, Nicolas Poussin, and Antoine Woman Reading, 1894, Museum of Watteau, as well as by modern artists such as douard Manet, and by Japanese Modern Art, Paris art. Chardin was one of Matisse's most admired painters; as an art student he made copies of four Chardin paintings in the Louvre.[12] In 1896 and 1897, Matisse visited the Australian painter John Peter Russell on the island Belle le off the coast of Brittany. Russell introduced him to Impressionism and to the work of van Gogh, who had been a friend of Russell but was completely unknown at the time. Matisse's style changed completely, and he would later say "Russell was my teacher, and Russell explained colour theory to me."[11] In 1896 Matisse exhibited five paintings in the salon of the Socit Nationale des Beaux-Arts, two of which were purchased by the state.[13] With the model Caroline Joblau, he had a daughter, Marguerite, born in 1894. In 1898 he married Amlie Noellie Parayre; the two raised Marguerite together and had two sons, Jean (born 1899) and Pierre (born 1900). Marguerite and Amlie often served as models for Matisse.[14] In 1898, on the advice of Camille Pissarro, he went to London to study the paintings of J. M. W. Turner and then went on a trip to Corsica.[15] Upon his return to Paris in February 1899, he worked beside Albert Marquet and met Andr Derain, Jean Puy,[16] and Jules Flandrin.[17] Matisse immersed himself in the work of others and went into debt from buying work from painters he admired. The work he hung and displayed in his home included a plaster bust by Rodin, a painting by Gauguin, a drawing by van Gogh, and Czanne's Three Bathers. In Czanne's sense of pictorial structure and colour, Matisse found his main inspiration.[16] Many of Matisse's paintings from 1898 to 1901 make use of a Divisionist technique he adopted after reading Paul Signac's essay, "D'Eugne Delacroix au No-impressionisme".[15] His paintings of 190203, a period of material hardship for the artist, are comparatively somber and reveal a preoccupation with form. Having made his first attempt at sculpture, a copy after Antoine-Louis Barye, in 1899, he devoted much of his energy to working in clay, completing The Slave in 1903.[18]

Henri Matisse

Early paintings

Blue Pot and Lemon (1897), Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia

Fruit and Coffeepot (1898), Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia

Vase of Sunflowers (1898), Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia

Crockery on a Table (1900), Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia

Fauvism
Fauvism as a style began around 1900 and continued beyond 1910, the movement as such lasted only a few years, 19041908, and had three exhibitions.[19][20] The leaders of the movement were Matisse and Andr Derain.[19] Matisse's first solo exhibition was at Ambroise Vollard's gallery in 1904,[16] without much success. His fondness for bright and expressive colour became more pronounced after he spent the summer of 1904 painting in St. Tropez with the neo-Impressionists Signac and Henri-Edmond Cross.[15] In that year he painted the most important of his works in the neo-Impressionist style, Luxe, Calme et Volupt.[15] In 1905 he travelled southwards again to work with Andr Derain at Collioure. His paintings of this period are characterized by flat shapes and controlled lines, and use pointillism in a less rigorous way than before. Matisse and a group of artists now known as "Fauves" exhibited together in a room at the Salon d'Automne in 1905. The paintings expressed emotion with wild, often dissonant colours, without regard for the subject's natural colours. Matisse showed Open Window and Woman with the Hat at the Salon. Critic Louis Vauxcelles described the work with the phrase "Donatello parmi les fauves!" (Donatello among the wild beasts), referring to a Renaissance-type sculpture that shared the room with them.[21] His comment was printed on 17 October 1905 in Gil Blas, a daily newspaper, and passed into popular usage.[19][21] The exhibition garnered harsh criticism"A pot of paint has been flung in the face of the public", said the critic Camille Mauclairbut also some favourable attention.[21] When the painting that was singled out for special condemnation, Matisse's Woman with a Hat, was bought by Gertrude and Leo Stein, the embattled artist's morale improved considerably.[21]
Woman with a Hat, 1905. San Francisco Museum of Modern Art

Henri Matisse

Matisse was recognized as a leader of the Fauves, along with Andr Derain; the two were friendly rivals, each with his own followers. Other members were Georges Braque, Raoul Dufy and Maurice de Vlaminck. The Symbolist painter Gustave Moreau (18261898) was the movement's inspirational teacher; as a professor at the cole des Beaux-Arts in Paris, he pushed his students to think outside of the lines of formality and to follow their visions. In 1907 Guillaume Apollinaire, commenting about Matisse in an article published in La Falange, wrote, "We are not here in the Les toits de Collioure, 1905, oil on canvas, The presence of an extravagant or an extremist undertaking: Matisse's art is [22] Hermitage, St. Petersburg, Russia eminently reasonable." But Matisse's work of the time also encountered vehement criticism, and it was difficult for him to provide for his family.[11] His painting Nu bleu (1907) was burned in effigy at the Armory Show in Chicago in 1913.[23] The decline of the Fauvist movement after 1906 did not affect the career of Matisse; many of his finest works were created between 1906 and 1917, when he was an active part of the great gathering of artistic talent in Montparnasse, even though he did not quite fit in, with his conservative appearance and strict bourgeois work habits. He continued to absorb new influences: he traveled to Algeria in 1906 studying African art and Primitivism; after viewing a large exhibition of Islamic art in Munich in 1910, he spent two months in Spain studying Moorish art. He visited Morocco in 1912 and again in 1913 and while painting in Tangiers he made several changes to his work, including his use of black as a colour.[24][25][26] The effect on Matisse's art was a new boldness in the use of intense, unmodulated colour, as in L'Atelier Rouge (1911).[15] Matisse had a long association with the Russian art collector Sergei Shchukin. He created one of his major works La Danse specially for Shchukin as part of a two painting commission, the other painting being Music, 1910. An earlier version of La Danse (1909) is in the collection of The Museum of Modern Art in New York City.

Gertrude Stein, Acadmie Matisse, and the Cone sisters

Around April 1906 he met Pablo Picasso, who was 11 years younger than Matisse.[11] The two became lifelong friends as well as rivals and are often compared; one key difference between them is that Matisse drew and painted from nature, while Picasso was much more inclined to work from imagination. The subjects painted most frequently by both artists were women and still life, with Matisse more likely to place his figures in fully realized interiors. Matisse and Picasso were first brought together at the Paris salon of Gertrude Stein and her companion Alice B. Toklas. During the first decade of the twentieth century, the Americans in Paris Gertrude Stein, her brothers Leo Stein, Michael Stein and Michael's wife Sarahwere important collectors and supporters of Matisse's paintings. In addition Gertrude Stein's two American friends from Baltimore, the Cone sisters Claribel and Etta, became major patrons of Matisse and Picasso, collecting hundreds of their paintings and drawings. The Cone collection is now exhibited in the Baltimore Museum of Art.[27]

Henri Matisse in Paris, August 13, 1913. Photograph by Carl Van Vechten

While numerous artists visited the Stein salon, many of these artists were not represented among the paintings on the walls at 27 Rue de Fleurus. Where Renoir, Czanne, Matisse, and Picasso's works dominated Leo and Gertrude Stein's collection, Sarah Stein's collection particularly emphasized Matisse.[28]

Henri Matisse Contemporaries of Leo and Gertrude Stein, Matisse and Picasso became part of their social circle and routinely joined the gatherings that took place on Saturday evenings at 27 Rue de Fleurus. Gertrude attributed the beginnings of the Saturday evening salons to Matisse, remarking: "More and more frequently, people began visiting to see the Matisse paintingsand the Czannes: Matisse brought people, everybody brought somebody, and they came at any time and it began to be a nuisance, and it was in this way that Saturday evenings began."[29]' Among Pablo Picasso's acquaintances who also frequented the Saturday evenings were: Fernande Olivier (Picasso's mistress), Georges Braque, Andr Derain, the poets Max Jacob and Guillaume Apollinaire, Marie Laurencin (Apollinaire's mistress and an artist in her own right), and Henri Rousseau. [30] His friends organized and financed the Acadmie Matisse in Paris, a private and non-commercial school in which Matisse instructed young artists. It operated from 1907 until 1911. Hans Purrmann and Sarah Stein were amongst several of his most loyal students. Matisse spent seven months in Morocco from 1912 to 1913, producing about 24 paintings and numerous drawings. His frequent orientalist topics of later paintings, such as odalisques, can be traced to this period.[31]

Selected works: Paris, 19011917

Henri Matisse, The Back Series, bronze, left to right: The Back I, 190809, The Back II, 1913, The Back III 1916, The Back IV, c. 1931, all Museum of Modern [32][33][34] Art, New York City

Luxembourg Gardens, 1901, Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia

Dishes and Fruit, 1901, Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia

A Glimpse of Notre-Dame in the Late Afternoon, 1902, Albright-Knox Art Gallery, Buffalo, New York

Luxe, Calme et Volupt, 1904, Muse d'Orsay, Paris, [35] France

Henri Matisse

Open Window, Collioure, 1905, National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.

Portrait of Madame Matisse (The green line), 1905, Statens Museum for Kunst, Copenhagen, Denmark

Landscape at Collioure, 1905, oil on canvas, 38.8 x 46.6cm., Museum of Modern Art

Le bonheur de vivre, 19056, Barnes Foundation

Self-Portrait in a Striped T-shirt 1906, Statens Museum for Kunst, Copenhagen, Denmark

The Young Sailor II, 1906, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City

Vase, Bottle and Fruit, 1906, Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia

Blue Nude (Souvenir de Biskra), 1907, Baltimore Museum of Art

Madras Rouge, The Red Turba, 1907, Barnes Foundation. Exhibited at the 1913 Armory Show [36]

Le Luxe II, 190708, distemper on canvas, 209.5 x 138 cm (82 1/2 x 54 3/4 in), Statens Museum for Kunst, Copenhagen

Bathers with a Turtle, 1908, Saint Louis Art Museum, St. Louis

Game of Bowls, 1908, Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia

Henri Matisse

The Dance (first version), 1909, The Museum of Modern Art, New York City

The Dance (second version), 1910, Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia

Music, 1910, Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia

Still Life with Geraniums, 1910, Pinakothek der Moderne, Munich, Germany

L'Atelier Rouge, 1911, oil on canvas, 162 130cm., The Museum of Modern Art, New York City

The Conversation, c.1911, The Hermitage, St. Petersburg, Russia

Le Rifain assis, 191213, 200 160cm. Barnes Foundation

Zorah on the Terrace, 1912, oil on canvas, 116 100cm., The Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts, Moscow, Russia

Window at Tangier, 1912, The Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts, Moscow

Portrait of the Artist's Wife, 1913, oil on canvas, 146 x 97.7cm, Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg

Woman on a High Stool, 1914, Museum of Modern Art, New York City

View of Notre-Dame, 1914, Museum of Modern Art

Henri Matisse

French Window at Collioure, 1914. Centre Georges Pompidou, Paris

The Yellow Curtain, 1915, Museum of Modern Art New York City

The Painter and His Model, oil on canvas, 1917, Museum of Modern Art, Paris

Three Sisters and The Rose Marble Table (Les Trois surs La Table de marbre rose), 1917, oil on canvas, 194.3 x 96.2 cm, Barnes Foundation, Philadelphia

After Paris
In 1917 Matisse relocated to Cimiez on the French Riviera, a suburb of the city of Nice. His work of the decade or so following this relocation shows a relaxation and a softening of his approach. This "return to order" is characteristic of much art of the post-World War I period, and can be compared with the neoclassicism of Picasso and Stravinsky, and the return to traditionalism of Derain. His orientalist odalisque paintings are characteristic of the period; while this work was popular, some contemporary critics found it shallow and decorative.[37] In the late 1920s Matisse once again engaged in active collaborations with other artists. He worked with not only Frenchmen, Dutch, Germans, and Spaniards, but also a few Americans and recent American immigrants. After 1930 a new vigor and bolder simplification appeared in his work. American art collector Albert C. Barnes convinced him to produce a large mural for the Barnes Foundation, The Dance II, which was completed in 1932; the Foundation owns several dozen other Matisse paintings. This move toward simplification and a foreshadowing of the cutout technique are also evident in his painting Large Reclining Nude (1935). Matisse worked on this painting over a period of several months and documented the progress with a series of 22 photographs which he sent to Etta Cone.[38]

The war years

He and his wife of 41 years separated in 1939. In 1941, he underwent surgery in which a colostomy was performed. Afterwards he started using a wheelchair, and until his death he was cared for by a Russian woman, Lydia Delektorskaya, formerly one of his models. With the aid of assistants he set about creating cut paper collages, often on a large scale, called gouaches dcoups. His Blue Nudes series feature prime examples of this technique he called "painting with scissors"; they demonstrate the ability to bring his eye for colour and geometry to a new medium of utter simplicity, but with playful and delightful power. In the 1940s he also worked as a graphic artist and produced black-and-white illustrations for several books and over one hundred original lithographs at the Mourlot Studios in Paris. Matisse was much admired and repeatedly referred to by the Greek Nobelist poet Odysseas Elytis. Elytis was introduced to Matisse through their common friend Triade, during the work on the Cutouts. Matisse had painted the

Henri Matisse wall of the dining room of Triade's residence, the Villa Natacha in Saint-Jean-Cap-Ferrat, which Elytis also mentioned in his poems. Matisse, thoroughly unpolitical, was shocked when he heard that his daughter Marguerite, who had been active in the Rsistance during the war, was tortured (almost to death) in a Rennes prison and sentenced to the Ravensbrck concentration camp.[10] (Marguerite avoided further imprisonment by escaping from the Ravensbrck-bound train, which was halted during an Allied air strike; she survived in the woods until rescued by fellow resisters.[39]) Matisse's student Rudolf Levy was killed in the Auschwitz concentration camp in 1944.[][] In 1947 he published Jazz, a limited-edition artist's book of about one hundred prints of colorful paper cut collages, accompanied by his written thoughts. Triade, a noted twentieth-century art publisher, arranged to have Matisse's cutouts rendered as pochoir (stencil) prints.

Last years
In 1951 Matisse finished a four-year project of designing the interior, the glass windows and the decorations of the Chapelle du Rosaire de Vence, often referred to as the Matisse Chapel. This project was the result of the close friendship between Matisse and Sister Jacques-Marie, despite him being an atheist.[40][41] He had hired her as a nurse and model in 1941 before she became a Dominican nun and they met again in Vence and started the collaboration, a story related in her 1992 book Henri Matisse: La Chapelle de Vence and in the 2003 documentary "A Model for Matisse".[42] In 1952 he established a museum dedicated to his work, the Matisse Museum in Le Cateau, and this museum is now the third-largest collection of Matisse works in France. According to David Rockefeller, Matisse's final work was the design for a stained-glass window installed at the Union Church of Pocantico Hills near the Rockefeller estate north of New York City. "It was his final artistic creation; the maquette was on the wall of his bedroom when he died in November of 1954", Rockefeller writes. Installation was completed in 1956.[43] Matisse died of a heart attack at the age of 84 in 1954. He is interred in the cemetery of the Monastre Notre Dame de Cimiez, near Nice.

Legacy
The first painting of Matisse acquired by a public collection was Still Life with Geraniums (1910), exhibited in the Pinakothek der Moderne.[44] His The Plum Blossoms (1948) was purchased on 8 September 2005, for the Museum of Modern Art by Henry Kravis and the new president of the museum, Marie-Jose Drouin. Estimated price was US $25million. Previously, it had not been seen by the public since 1970.[45] In 2002, a Matisse sculpture, Reclining Nude I (Dawn), sold for US $9.2million, a record for a sculpture by the artist.

Tombstone of Henri Matisse and his wife Noellie, cemetery of the Monastre Notre Dame de Cimiez, Cimiez, France

Matisse's daughter Marguerite often aided Matisse scholars with insights about his working methods and his works. She died in 1982 while compiling a catalog of her father's work.[46] Matisse's son, Pierre Matisse, (19001989) opened a modern art gallery in New York City during the 1930s. The Pierre Matisse Gallery which was active from 1931 until 1989 represented and exhibited many European artists and a few Americans and Canadians in New York often for the first time. He exhibited Joan Mir, Marc Chagall, Alberto Giacometti, Jean Dubuffet, Andr Derain, Yves Tanguy, Le Corbusier, Paul Delvaux, Wifredo Lam, Jean-Paul

Henri Matisse Riopelle, Balthus, Leonora Carrington, Zao Wou Ki, Sam Francis, sculptors Theodore Roszak, Raymond Mason and Reg Butler, and several other important artists, including the work of Henri Matisse.[47][48] Henri Matisse's grandson, Paul Matisse, is an artist and inventor living in Massachusetts. Matisse's great-granddaughter Sophie Matisse is active as an artist. Les Heritiers Matisse functions as his official Estate. The U.S. copyright representative for Les Heritiers Matisse is the Artists Rights Society.[49]

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Partial list of works

Woman Reading (1894), Muse National d'Art Moderne Paris Le Mur Rose (1898), Muse National d'Art Moderne Notre-Dame, une fin d'aprs-midi (1902), Albright-Knox Art Gallery, Buffalo, New York Green Stripe (1905) The Open Window (1905) Woman with a Hat (1905) Les toits de Collioure (1905) Landscape at Collioure (1905) Le bonheur de vivre (1906) The Young Sailor II (1906) Self-Portrait in a Striped T-shirt (1906) Madras Rouge (1907) Blue Nude (Souvenir de Biskra) (1907), Baltimore Museum of Art The Dessert: Harmony in Red (The Red Room) (1908) Bathers with a Turtle (1908), Saint Louis Art Museum, Missouri La Danse (1909) Still Life with Geraniums (1910) L'Atelier Rouge (1911) The Conversation (19081912) Zorah on the Terrace (1912) Le Rifain assis (1912) Window at Tangier (1912) Le rideau jaune (the yellow curtain) (1915) The Window (1916), Detroit Institute of Arts, Michigan The Windshield, On the Road to Villacoublay (1917), Cleveland Museum of Art La leon de musique (1917) The Painter and His Model (1917) Interior A Nice (1920) Festival of Flowers, Nice (1923), Cleveland Museum of Art Odalisque with Raised Arms (1923), National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C. Yellow Odalisque (1926) The Dance II (1932), triptych mural (45ft by 15ft) in the Barnes Foundation of Philadelphia Robe violette et Anmones (1937) Woman in a Purple Coat (1937) Le Rve de 1940 (the dream of 1940) (1940) La Blouse Roumaine (1940) Interior with an Etruscan Vase (1940), Cleveland Museum of Art

Le Lanceur De Couteaux (1943) Annelies, White Tulips and Anemones (1944), Honolulu Museum of Art L'Asie (1946)

Henri Matisse Deux fillettes, fond jaune et rouge (1947) Jazz (1947) The Plum Blossoms (1948) Chapelle du Saint-Marie du Rosaire (19481951) Beasts of the Sea (1950) Facial-maschera (red) (1951) The Sorrows of the King (1952) Black Leaf on Green Background (1952) La Ngresse (1952) Blue Nude II (1952) The Snail (1953) Le Bateau (1954) This gouache created a minor stir when the MoMA mistakenly displayed it upside-down for 47 days in 1961.[50]

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Portrayal in media and literature

Film dramatizations Veteran US actor Al Pacino is to play Henri Matisse in an upcoming film called "Masterpiece," about the pioneering French artist and his relationship with his nurse and model Monique Bourgeois.[51] It will be directed by Deepa Mehta, whose previous work includes 2003's Bollywood Hollywood and Water in 2006. Matisse was played by Yves-Antoine Spoto in the 2011 film Midnight in Paris. Literature The Ray Bradbury short story "The Watchful Poker Chip of H. Matisse" contains an allusion to the artist painting an eye on a poker chip for an American man to use as a monocle.

Books/Essays
Notes of a Painter,1908 Painter's Notes on Drawing,1930. Jazz, 1947 Matisse on Art, collected by Jack D. Flam, 1973. ISBN 0-7148-1518-7

References and sources

References
[6] Wattenmaker, Richard J.; Distel, Anne, et al. (1993). Great French Paintings from the Barnes Foundation. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN 0-679-40963-7. p. 272 [7] Magdalena Dabrowski Department of Nineteenth-Century, Modern, and Contemporary Art, The Metropolitan Museum of Art Source: Henri Matisse (18691954) | Thematic Essay | Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History | The Metropolitan Museum of Art (http:/ / www. metmuseum. org/ toah/ hd/ mati/ hd_mati. htm) Retrieved 30 June 2010 [8] Spurling, Hilary (2000). The Unknown Matisse: A Life of Henri Matisse: The Early Years, 18691908. University of California Press, 2001. ISBN 0-520-22203-2. pp. 46 [9] Leymarie, Jean; Read, Herbert; Lieberman, William S. (1966), Henri Matisse, UCLA Art Council, p.9. [10] Brbel Kster. "Arbeiten und auf niemanden hren." Sddeutsche Zeitung, 6 July 2007. [11] The Unknown Matisse, pp 352553... (http:/ / www. abc. net. au/ rn/ arts/ booktalk/ stories/ s1430343. htm), ABC Radio National, 8 June 2005 [12] Spurling, Hilary. The Unknown Matisse: A Life of Henri Matisse, the Early Years, 18691908. p.86. accessed online 15 July 2007 [13] Henri and Pierre Matisse (http:/ / www. cosmopolis. ch/ english/ cosmo2/ matisse. htm), Cosmopolis, No 2, January 1999 [14] Marguerite Matisse (http:/ / www. xs4all. nl/ ~androom/ biography/ p018905. htm) Retrieved December 13, 2010 [15] Oxford Art Online, "Henri Matisse" [16] Leymarie, Jean; Read, Herbert; Lieberman, William S. (1966), Henri Matisse, UCLA Art Council, p.10.

Henri Matisse
[17] (http:/ / books. google. com/ books?id=crcOQXhtobsC& printsec=frontcover& dq=jules+ flandrin& source=bl& ots=dbFVRpY9ae& sig=dYAoIIrRkGM5-oYD4LA5o_kjUDk& hl=en& ei=pAWrS5HMC8qWtgewppi2Dw& sa=X& oi=book_result& ct=result& resnum=3& ved=0CBIQ6AEwAg#v=onepage& q=matisse& f=false) on page 23 of Google Book Link [18] Leymarie, Jean; Read, Herbert; Lieberman, William S. (1966), Henri Matisse, UCLA Art Council, pp.1920. [19] John Elderfield, The "Wild Beasts" Fauvism and Its Affinities, 1976, Museum of Modern Art, p.13, ISBN 0-87070-638-1 [20] Freeman, Judi, et al., The Fauve Landscape, 1990, Abbeville Press, p. 13, ISBN 1-55859-025-0. [21] Chilver, Ian (Ed.). "Fauvism" (http:/ / www. enotes. com/ oxford-art-encyclopedia/ fauvism), The Oxford Dictionary of Art, Oxford University Press, 2004. Retrieved from enotes.com, 26 December 2007. [22] Picasso and Braque pioneering cubism, William Rubin, published by the Museum of Modern Art, New York, copyright 1989, ISBN 0-87070-676-4 p.348. [23] "Matisse, Henri." Encyclopdia Britannica. 2007. Encyclopdia Britannica Online. Retrieved 30 July 2007. [24] The Moroccans, MoMA (http:/ / www. moma. org/ collection/ object. php?object_id=79588) [25] Matisse in Morocco: The Paintings and Drawings, 19121913, NGA (http:/ / www. nga. gov/ past/ data/ exh614. shtm) [26] Review: John Russell, Matisse and the Mark Left On Him By Morocco, NY Times (http:/ / www. nytimes. com/ 1990/ 06/ 22/ arts/ review-art-matisse-and-the-mark-left-on-him-by-morocco. html?pagewanted=all& src=pm) [27] Cone Collection (http:/ / www. artbma. org/ collection/ overview/ cone. html), Baltimore Museum of Art. Retrieved 29 July 2007. [28] (MoMA, 1970 at 28) [29] Mellow, 1974, p. 84 [30] Mellow, 1974, p. 94-95 [32] The Guardian, Hillary Spurling on The Back Series (http:/ / www. guardian. co. uk/ books/ 2007/ may/ 12/ art. art) [33] MoMA, the collection (http:/ / www. moma. org/ collection/ object. php?object_id=80772) [34] Tate (http:/ / www. tate. org. uk/ art/ artworks/ matisse-back-i-t00081/ text-catalogue-entry) [36] http:/ / www. aaa. si. edu/ collections/ images/ detail/ armory-show-postcard-reproduction-henri-matisses-painting-red-turban-14175 [37] Jack Cowart and Dominique Fourcade. Henri Matisse: The Early Years in Nice 1916-1930. Henry N. Abrams, Inc., 1986. p. 47. ISBN 978-0810914421. [38] Henri Matisse Photographic documentation of 22 progressive states of Large Reclining Nude, 1935 (http:/ / www. thejewishmuseum. org/ site/ pages/ uploaded_media/ cone/ matisse/ index. html), The Jewish Museum [39] Heftrig, Ruth; Olaf Peters; Barbara Maria Schellewald [editors] (2008), Kunstgeschichte im "Dritten Reich": Theorien, Methoden, Praktiken, Akademie Verlag, p. 429; Spurling, Hilary, Matisse the Master: A Life of Henri Matisse, the Conquest of Colour, 19091954, p.424. [41] Sister Jacques-Marie Influence for Matisse's Rosary Chapel, Dies, NY Times, 29 September 2005 (http:/ / www. nytimes. com/ 2005/ 09/ 29/ arts/ design/ 29jacques. html) Retrieved 27 July 2010 [42] French Professor Directs "Model for Matisse" (http:/ / www. cmu. edu/ cmnews/ extra/ 030630_matisse. html), Carnegie Mellon Today, 30 June 2003. Retrieved 30 July 2007. [43] David Rockefeller, It is a pleasure to welcome you to the Union Church of Pocantico Hills (http:/ / www. hudsonvalley. org/ content/ view/ 80/ 145/ ), Union Church of Pocantico Hills website, accessed July 30, 2010 [44] Butler, Desmond. "Art/Architecture; A Home for the Modern In a Time-Bound City" (http:/ / query. nytimes. com/ gst/ fullpage. html?res=9B07E2D8133EF933A25752C1A9649C8B63), The New York Times, 10 November 2002. Retrieved 25 December 2007. [45] The Modern Acquires a 'Lost' Matisse (http:/ / www. nytimes. com/ 2005/ 09/ 08/ arts/ design/ 08muse. html), The New York Times, 8 September 2005 [46] "Marguerite Duthuit, a Model In Art of Matisse, Her Father" (http:/ / query. nytimes. com/ gst/ fullpage. html?res=980DE5D61539F930A35757C0A964948260), New York Times, 3 April 1982 [47] Russell, John (1999). Matisse, Father & Son. New York: Harry N. Abrams. pp.387389 ISBN 0-8109-4378-6 [48] Metropolitan Museum exhibition of works from the Pierre Matisse Gallery, accessed online 20 June 2007, http:/ / www. metmuseum. org/ special/ Matisse/ collection_more. htm [49] http:/ / arsny. com/ requested. html | Most frequently requested artists list of the Artists Rights Society [50] Nan Robertson. "Modern Museum is Startled by Matisse Picture" New York Times, 5 December 1961.

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Sources Alfred H. Barr, Jr., Matisse: His Art and His Public New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 1951. ISBN 0-87070-469-9; ISBN 978-0-87070-469-7. Olivier Berggruen and Max Hollein, Editors. Henri Matisse: Drawing with Scissors: Masterpieces from the Late Years. Prestel Publishing, 2006. ISBN 978-3791334738. F. Celdran, R.R. Vidal y Plana. Triangle : Henri Matisse Georgette Agutte Marcel Sembat Paris, Yvelinedition, 2007. ISBN 978-2-84668-131-5. Jack Cowart and Dominique Fourcade. Henri Matisse: The Early Years in Nice 1916-1930. Henry N. Abrams, Inc., 1986. ISBN 978-0810914421.

Henri Matisse Raymond Escholier. Matisse. A Portrait of the Artist and the Man. London, Faber & Faber, 1960. Lawrence Gowing. Matisse. New York, Oxford University Press, 1979. ISBN 0-19-520157-4. Hanne Finsen, Catherine Coquio, et al. Matisse: A Second Life. Hazan, 2005. ISBN 978-2754100434. David Lewis. "Matisse and Byzantium, or, Mechanization Takes Command" in Modernism/modernity 16:1 ( January 2009) (http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/modernism-modernity/toc/mod.16.1.html), 5159. John Russell. Matisse, Father & Son, published by Harry N. Abrams, NYC. Copyright John Russell 1999, ISBN 0-8109-4378-6 Pierre Schneider. Matisse. New York, Rizzoli, 1984. ISBN 0-8478-0546-8. Hilary Spurling. The Unknown Matisse: A Life of Henri Matisse, Vol. 1, 18691908. London, Hamish Hamilton Ltd, 1998. ISBN 0-679-43428-3. Hilary Spurling. Matisse the Master: A Life of Henri Matisse, Vol. 2, The Conquest of Colour 19091954. London, Hamish Hamilton Ltd, 2005. ISBN 0-241-13339-4. Alastair Wright. Matisse and the Subject of Modernism Princeton, Princeton University Press, 2006. ISBN 0-691-11830-2.

13

Further reading
Nancy Marmer, "Matisse and the Strategy of Decoration," Artforum, March 1966, pp.2833.

External links
21 Paintings by Henri Matisse (http://www.bbc.co.uk/arts/yourpaintings/artists/henri-matisse) at the BBC Your Paintings site Artists Rights Society, Matisse's U.S. Copyright Representatives (http://www.arsny.com/) Footage of Henri Matisse in Vence, France working on the New Chapel of Vence (http://www.itnsource.com/ compilation/S20100901/#25) Henri Matisse Gallery at MuseumSyndicate (http://www.museumsyndicate.com/artist.php?artist=95) Henri Matisse: Life and Work (http://www.henri-matisse.net/) 500 hi-res images Matisse's Bathers by the River (http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2010/07/11/arts/ 20100711-matisse-bathers-moma.html?ref=multimedia) interactive slideshow by The New York Times Matisse: Radical Invention NPR, audio (http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=127745865) Henri Matisse (http://www.moma.org/collection/artist.php?artist_id=3832) at the Museum of Modern Art Muse Matisse Nice (http://www.musee-matisse-nice.org/) The Morozov-Shchukin collection (http://www.morozov-shchukin.com/html/matisse.html) The nude in Matisse (http://www.historia-del-arte-erotico.com/1903_matisse/home.htm) Union List of Artist Names, Getty Vocabularies. (http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=henri+ matisse&role=&nation=&prev_page=1&subjectid=500017300) ULAN Full Record Display for Henri Matisse. Getty Vocabulary Program, Getty Research Institute. Los Angeles, California. Gelett Burgess, The Wild Men of Paris, Matisse, Picasso and Les Fauves, 1910 (http://archrecord.construction. com/inTheCause/0702MenOfParis/MenOfParis1.asp)

Article Sources and Contributors

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Article Sources and Contributors

Henri Matisse Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=567362370 Contributors: !SugarCrush!, 21655, 220 of Borg, 4twenty42o, 777sms, 78.26, 83d40m, A520, A930913, AAA!, Abelard39, Abi930, Acather96, Ace of Spades, Adam Bishop, Addshore, AdjustShift, Adriancubas, AgnosticPreachersKid, Ahoerstemeier, Aiham Alkhayer, Aitias, Alansohn, Aleenf1, Alemily, Alicebb, Alinea, Alisa0725, Amakuha, Anbu121, Andre Engels, Andrew Gray, Andy M. Wang, Andycjp, Antandrus, Antoine, Arbitrarily0, Arcadian, Archtransit, Arffarff, Arsene, Artlover, Arunsingh16, Asbestos, Atif.t2, Attilios, AuburnPilot, Augustusgrosz, Avenged Eightfold, Averross, Avoided, Avram Fawcett, AxelBoldt, Az29, BD2412, Baa, Bassbonerocks, Bava Alcide57, Ben davison, Bender235, Betterusername, Beve, BigPimpinBrah, Bigbluefish, Bigdottawa, BillFlis, Bimnutshit, Bitchen, Blaisorblade, Blanchette, Blehfu, Blueclxwn, Bobo192, Bogey97, Bonadea, Bongwarrior, BoomerAB, Boomstick95, Boris Barowski, Bradeos Graphon, Brandmeister, Brewcrewer, BrokenSegue, Bryan Derksen, Bunnyhophop123, Burntsauce, Bus stop, CPT Spaz, Cacophony, Calamitybrook, CalendarWatcher, Caltrop, CambridgeBayWeather, Can't sleep, clown will eat me, CanadianLinuxUser, Cantiorix, Capricorn42, CardinalDan, Carmichael, Casey Abell, CattleGirl, Cbernasc, Cbustapeck, Celithemis, Ceoil, CesarB, Chaimsoutine, Chairboy, Charles Matthews, Chasingsol, Chicken Wing, Chowbok, Chris 73, Chrisfuller09, Chuunen Baka, Circusandmagicfan, Cjs2111, CliffC, Closedmouth, Coffee, Coldcreation, Cometstyles, Commander Keane, CommonsDelinker, Connormah, Connster120, Cooner750, Corvus cornix, Courcelles, Cp111, Crackstud, Creol, Csloomis, Cst17, Cueuco, Cureden, Cyde, D6, DBigXray, DVD R W, DVdm, DW, Dantesqueman, Darth Panda, Davedays442, David Biddulph, DeadEyeArrow, Deepkhathi, Delirium, Der Golem, DerHexer, Digitalme, Digtown, Dimadick, Discospinster, Djrigo, Dmattli, Dolphonia, Donarreiskoffer, DownUndr, Download, Drbreznjev, Dreadstar, Duncanssmith, Dv82matt, E. 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Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors

File:Portrait of Henri Matisse 1933 May 20.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Portrait_of_Henri_Matisse_1933_May_20.jpg License: Public Domain Contributors: Bohme, Common Good, Dcoetzee, Edelseider, Fb78, Infrogmation, Jossifresco, Kramer Associates, Mjrmtg, Petrusbarbygere, Shizhao, Sparkit, TwoWings File:Reading henri matisse.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Reading_henri_matisse.jpg License: unknown Contributors: Henri Matisse File:Matisse - Blue Pot and Lemon (1897).jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Matisse_-_Blue_Pot_and_Lemon_(1897).jpg License: unknown Contributors: Fentener van Vlissingen, Mechamind90, Olpl File:Matisse - Fruit and Coffeepot (1898).jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Matisse_-_Fruit_and_Coffeepot_(1898).jpg License: unknown Contributors: Fentener van Vlissingen, Mechamind90, Olpl File:Matisse - Vase of Sunflowers (1898).jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Matisse_-_Vase_of_Sunflowers_(1898).jpg License: unknown Contributors: Fentener van Vlissingen, Mechamind90, Olpl File:Matisse - Crockery on a Table (1900).jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Matisse_-_Crockery_on_a_Table_(1900).jpg License: unknown Contributors: Fentener van Vlissingen, Mechamind90, Olpl Image:Matisse-Woman-with-a-Hat.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Matisse-Woman-with-a-Hat.jpg License: unknown Contributors: Iohannes Animosus, Jayjg, Mechamind90, Tyrenius, 3 anonymous edits File:Matissetoits.gif Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Matissetoits.gif License: unknown Contributors: Henri Matisse File:Henri Matisse photo taken by Carl Van Vechten.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Henri_Matisse_photo_taken_by_Carl_Van_Vechten.jpg License: unknown Contributors: Original uploader was Noirish at en.wikipedia

Image:Matisse - left to right 'The Back I', 1908-09, 'The Back II', 1913, 'The Back III' 1916, 'The Back IV', c. 1931, bronze, Museum of Modern Art (New York City).jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Matisse_-_left_to_right_'The_Back_I',_1908-09,_'The_Back_II',_1913,_'The_Back_III'_1916,_'The_Back_IV',_c._1931,_bronze,_Museum_of_Modern_Art_(New_York_City License: unknown Contributors: Coldcreation, Hux, Lithoderm, MBisanz, Modernist, Wmpearl File:Matisse - Luxembourg Gardens (1901).jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Matisse_-_Luxembourg_Gardens_(1901).jpg License: unknown Contributors: Fentener van Vlissingen, Mechamind90, Olpl File:Matisse - Dishes and Fruit (1901).jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Matisse_-_Dishes_and_Fruit_(1901).jpg License: unknown Contributors: Fentener van Vlissingen, Mechamind90, Olpl Image:Matissenotredame.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Matissenotredame.jpg License: unknown Contributors: Holiday56, Mechamind90, Modernist, OfOrebOrOfSinai, Olpl Image:Matisse-Luxe.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Matisse-Luxe.jpg License: Public Domain Contributors: Anakin101, Coldcreation, Petropoxy (Lithoderm Proxy), Ruslik0, Tyrenius, 3 anonymous edits Image:Matisse-Open-Window.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Matisse-Open-Window.jpg License: unknown Contributors: Petropoxy (Lithoderm Proxy), Tyrenius Image:Matisse - Green Line.jpeg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Matisse_-_Green_Line.jpeg License: unknown Contributors: Calliopejen1, Davedays442, Donarreiskoffer, Mechamind90, Modernist, Petropoxy (Lithoderm Proxy), Sparkit, Strangerer, Tyrenius, 8 anonymous edits File:Matisse Les toits.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Matisse_Les_toits.jpg License: unknown Contributors: Henri Matisse File:Bonheur Matisse.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Bonheur_Matisse.jpg License: unknown Contributors: Henri Matisse File:Henri Matisse Self-Portrait in a Striped T-shirt (1906).jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Henri_Matisse_Self-Portrait_in_a_Striped_T-shirt_(1906).jpg License: unknown Contributors: Bogdangiusca, Celithemis, Conscious, Ghirlandajo, Gobonobo, Kumioko (renamed), Mechamind90, OfOrebOrOfSinai, OsamaK, Romanm, Sfan00 IMG, Thuresson, Tomos

Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors

Image:Young Sailor II.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Young_Sailor_II.jpg License: unknown Contributors: Holiday56, Mechamind90, Modernist, OfOrebOrOfSinai, 1 anonymous edits File:Matisse - Vase, Bottle and Fruit (1906).jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Matisse_-_Vase,_Bottle_and_Fruit_(1906).jpg License: unknown Contributors: Mechamind90 File:Matisse Souvenir de Biskra.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Matisse_Souvenir_de_Biskra.jpg License: unknown Contributors: Henri Matisse File:Matisse.mme-matisse-madras.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Matisse.mme-matisse-madras.jpg License: unknown Contributors: Henri Matisse

15

File:Henri Matisse, Le Luxe II, 19078, Distemper on canvas; 82 1-2 x 54 3-4 in. (209.5 x 138 cm), Statens Museum for Kunst, Copenhagen.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Henri_Matisse,_Le_Luxe_II,_19078,_Distemper_on_canvas;_82_1-2_x_54_3-4_in._(209.5_x_138_cm),_Statens_Museum_for_Kunst,_Copenhagen.jpg License: unknown Contributors: Henri Matisse File:Bathers with a turtle.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Bathers_with_a_turtle.jpg License: unknown Contributors: Henri Matisse File:Matisse - Game of Bowls.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Matisse_-_Game_of_Bowls.jpg License: unknown Contributors: Fentener van Vlissingen, Mechamind90 File:La danse (I) by Matisse.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:La_danse_(I)_by_Matisse.jpg License: unknown Contributors: Fentener van Vlissingen, Mechamind90 Image:Matissedance.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Matissedance.jpg License: unknown Contributors: Angr, Calliopejen1, Cutler, Donarreiskoffer, Dsmdgold, Eddie-ginnley, Fentener van Vlissingen, Ghirlandajo, Mechamind90, Modernist, Moltovivace, OfOrebOrOfSinai, Olpl, Rory096, Wikid77, 4 anonymous edits File:Matisse - Music.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Matisse_-_Music.jpg License: unknown Contributors: Fentener van Vlissingen, Mechamind90 Image:Matisse518.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Matisse518.jpg License: unknown Contributors: Calliopejen1, Gogafax, Mechamind90, Modernist, OfOrebOrOfSinai, Tyrenius, Wikid77 File:Atelier rouge matisse 1.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Atelier_rouge_matisse_1.jpg License: unknown Contributors: Henri Matisse Image:Matisse Conversation.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Matisse_Conversation.jpg License: unknown Contributors: Fentener van Vlissingen, Holiday56, Mechamind90, Modernist, OfOrebOrOfSinai File:Matisse Riffian.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Matisse_Riffian.jpg License: unknown Contributors: Henri Matisse File:Zorah on the Terrace.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Zorah_on_the_Terrace.jpg License: unknown Contributors: Henri Matisse Image:The Window Henri Matisse.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Window_Henri_Matisse.jpg License: unknown Contributors: Colonies Chris, Holiday56, Mechamind90, Modernist, OfOrebOrOfSinai File:Henri Matisse, 1913, Portrait of the Artist's Wife, oil on canvas, 146 x 97.7 cm, Hermitage, Saint Petersburg.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Henri_Matisse,_1913,_Portrait_of_the_Artist's_Wife,_oil_on_canvas,_146_x_97.7_cm,_Hermitage,_Saint_Petersburg.jpg License: unknown Contributors: Henri Matisse File:Matisse Woman on a high stool.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Matisse_Woman_on_a_high_stool.jpg License: unknown Contributors: Henri Matisse File:Henri Matisse - View of Notre Dame. Paris, quai Saint-Michel, spring 1914.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Henri_Matisse_-_View_of_Notre_Dame._Paris,_quai_Saint-Michel,_spring_1914.jpg License: unknown Contributors: Henri Matisse File:Porte-Fenetre a Collioure 1914.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Porte-Fenetre_a_Collioure_1914.jpg License: unknown Contributors: Henri Matisse Image:Yellow Curtain.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Yellow_Curtain.jpg License: unknown Contributors: Holiday56, Mechamind90, Modernist, OfOrebOrOfSinai File:Matpandm.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Matpandm.jpg License: unknown Contributors: Henri Matisse

File:Henri Matisse, 1917, Three Sisters and The Rose Marble Table (Les Trois surs La Table de marbre rose), oil on canvas, 194.3 x 96.2 cm, Barnes Foundation, Philadelphia.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Henri_Matisse,_1917,_Three_Sisters_and_The_Rose_Marble_Table_(Les_Trois_surs__La_Table_de_marbre_rose),_oil_on_canvas,_194.3_x_96.2_cm,_Barnes_Foundatio License: unknown Contributors: Henri Matisse Image:Nice-Cimiez-MATISSE tombe1.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Nice-Cimiez-MATISSE_tombe1.jpg License: Public Domain Contributors: p.semeria Nice (France)

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