ROLE OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION TEACHERS IN IMPROVING STUDENTS LEARNING IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

Sugeng Purwanto Yogyakarta State University

ABTSRACT This paper aims to describe the role of teacher of physical education dams enhance the learning process of elementary school students. Role of Teachers of Physical Education to improve the ability of students in accepting the science that was given by teachers to enhance students' learning process at school. Therefore, teachers are an important part and full responsibility towards the progress of students or students. Key-words: physical education teacher, learning

INTRODUCTION Fully aware that to pursue the fight against poverty and backwardness and ignorance of society, nation and state today, it is necessary to increase efforts in tackling it. In achieving the goal of building nation to realize a just and prosperous society, the need for dedication and hard work from various parties.

The educational development of children, adolescents and youth pursued through the development in various fields which are supported by a conducive climate for the establishment of community learning. The educational development of children and adolescents should be started as early as possible and should be emphasized in their position and function as the successor to the Cause. Coaching and youth development efforts are directed at the preparation of a cadre of young generation are strong and resilient nation in facing the challenges of development and is responsible for the future life of the nation and state.

Education should be developed and strengthened by completing a variety of conditions and prioritizes equality and improving the quality of basic education, expansion and improvement of the quality of vocational education and the implementation of nine-year compulsory education. These efforts need to be supported by increased resources pendidika gradually, accompanied by the integration and efficiency of their implementation so as to meet the demands and needs of development.

Physical education is no less important in the context of development. Physical education is an integral part of national daripendidikan involving components of physical condition. According to Harsono (1978: 2) that: "Physical education is an important aspect for achieving the goal of education or an education through physical activities."

Because the function of a physical education teacher, the institution responsible for the implementation of school administration and is the cultural center of science, need to improve the quality of physical education. Said above that physical education is an important aspect for achieving the goal of education or an education through the activities of the body, then indirectly increase physical well affect your performance in all areas of work. This aspect is starting point of education and guidance of teachers who become the source of knowledge to educate the younger generation as the successor nation-building. In addition, students' learning process can be improved if a physical education teacher was berkriteria professionals in performing their duties.

So it is with teachers who teach in primary schools, which serve as an example to students for independent bias, in other words the task or the teacher was very dominant role in the formation of personality of students. As Winarno Surachmad (1987: 20) that: The task and role of physical education teacher at the school diperiodisasikan to three things: 1) The educational preparation, 2) The actual education, 3) The formation of self-education. Periodization applicable education means the education experienced by children in accordance with the growth and development of physical and spiritual children. With the periodization of education, especially teachers of physical education and anticipate the time available to shape the personality of students. Interaction of students with physical education teachers is an interaction in the put where physical education teachers are the closest to the students than teachers of other subjects. Teacher interaction with students not only sebagani a mastery of teaching materials, but many things that must be considered. As noted by Abraham and Nana Syaodih (1991: 23) that: "The interaction of teachers with students not only in the mastery of teaching materials, but in the acceptance of values, developing attitudes and in overcoming difficulties faced by students. Thus the role of the teacher not only as a teacher or coach, but also as an educator and mentor. To this fact shows that the activities of teaching and learning in elementary school, having problems, both internal and eksteren. Examples are internal, such as discipline problems of students who can not be handled teacher effectively also still many teachers who are not mastering the subject matter so the quality is expected not adequate. While the problem eksteren is a shortage of teachers who teach in schools so that schools that lack teachers took the teachers' salaries which must be paid by the schools concerned. As these

constraints

greatly

affect

the

activities

of

teaching

and

learning

in

schools.

The purpose of physical education that must be considered by the teacher after the students completed primary school is a must have: "1) The ability to distinguish right from wrong, 2) The ability to share experiences and give priority to the interests of others, 3) Ability to build friendship and brotherhood, 4) Curiosity in various ways, 5) Ability to think and express themselves, 6) Sense of pride in his work, and 7) healthy living habits. "

Khsus about teachers who have not mastered the subject matter and the role and duties as an educator in improving students' learning process, should be equipped with knowledge and skills that are adequate so that the expected goals can be achieved. To equip teachers with knowledge and skills to be implemented with appropriate strategies to improve the quality of teachers in particular and overall education quality.

Santoso Hamidjojo (1979: 12) says that: "Improving the quality of education, should be judged from the starting point strategy, namely education teachers that must be resolved according to the ability of talent and dedication, so that they can develop the latent abilities of students. Improving the quality of education in schools should start or be accompanied by an increase in the quality of education of teachers. "

Understanding the strategy itself according Sugiyanto (1993: 31) are: efforts and strategies undertaken by individuals or groups to achieve a particular. Thus efforts to improve the quality of teachers in students' learning process, especially physical education teachers, need to use the right strategy. It is very important as a preparation for a physical education teacher to organize a strategy to improve student learning.

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

Function Physical Education Teachers In Primary Schools

The function of physical education teachers are very important in teacher training organization. This is seen by the activities carried out by teachers to improve the quality of student learning in particular subjects of physical education in schools. Teachers as well as other adults, have a responsibility mature students. To achieve the desired results then the function is very important teachers and determine the success of students' learning processes in schools.

Through the function of teachers' students can be developed, nurtured into human

personality. In this case any students can not develop optimally and completely without help from others. The function and role of teachers is very important, therefore, through the function and role of the teacher is the successful achievement of predetermined objectives. By looking at the function of teachers is crucial to achieve the goal of education especially students' learning process, the physical education teachers need to have the capability and adequate teaching strategies. Like what was said by Santoso Hamidjojo (1979: 12) that: "Improving the quality of education in schools should be initiated or accompanied by an increase in the quality of education faculty." This is important because the role and function of physical education teachers in enhancing students' learning process is as follows : 1) Function Instructional, 2) educational function, 3) managerial functions. Explanation of the three functions are as follows:

Instructional Functions

Function instructional is to teach (to teach) in the sense of preparing learning materials that will be taught, presents to his students, giving her duties, repeated to them and correcting or judged.

Educational Functions

In addition to teaching, teachers should also guide the students to be human is responsible and citizens who Pancasila true and devoted to God

Managerial Functions

In the issue of teacher development is expected to carry out managerial functions of leadership in accordance with the rhythm of development and philosophy of life of the nation. The teacher said as a parent at the school is an effective disguise. This is because at school substitute teacher is a parent, so who knows closely with the children learners while providing lessons that nurture. This is as said by Winarno Surachmad (1987: 65) that: "Parents are the primary educators for children and teachers also serve as an educator in charge of helping parents to give children the knowledge necessary for future development into an adult human." Through the subjects taught school (teacher) tried to increase and expand knowledge of children who would look at changing behavior.

Predicate teacher attached to the adults in charge of routine convey knowledge and intellectual skills and motor skills to students who are generally younger called the pupil. Teachers often a fad for the pupils at the school either formally or informally outside the

school. As a consequence of an existing predicate, then all actions, words and deeds were prosecuted as acts, words and deeds a person on duty at the time of formal teacher at the school. The role of the teacher not only to deliver teaching materials to be accepted and internalized by the students but also have roles as well as other functions that are diverse. Once upon a time also have to guide children to learn, occasionally have to set an example and even led the students when needed and probably many more role-pean other.

Duties Teacher Physical Education

Teachers are the source of inspiration and drives to the students to be independent and professional in the conduct of all activities that are based on rational thinking. Teachers described as a bridge science, because human gurulah got a very useful science for personality and nation-building.

At school, physical education teachers' task is not just educate and teach the students but have other duties yangs significantly improve student achievement. Bleak to say Nadisah (1992: 17) that: "Teachers of physical education not only has the main task of educating and teaching physical education, he is also burdened with the task of educating and teaching health education. Therefore he demanded to know and understand and be able to carry the burden that this second task. "

In addition, teachers also is a role model to students with attitudes positive and have the knowledge, skill, truth, honesty and the properties of a good and commendable. That's why teachers should be able to meet the mental characteristics, interests and needs of each student in order to provide guidance and lessons as well as possible and as effectively as possible in accordance to the individual every child.

The task of physical education teachers in performing their duties, should also pay attention to that prevailing in the school curriculum for students' learning process can be done by professionals and the regulations that etrdapat in the curriculum. In rendering the decision or assessment, teachers must be objective as stated by Rochmah Bakti (1992: 2) that: "In the world of education, implementation of quality education is dependent upon teacher quality as well. Teacher quality is the teacher who has the terms of personality and technical skills teacher training. "

Therefore, physical education teacher should not impose his will but follow the learning

activities based on rules that are determined by the school based on the existing curriculum. With the learning process conducted by a physical education teacher like this, of course, the level of student achievement will increase. In the era of globalization today is certainly the duty of a teacher that will grow complicated yet so with the advance of technology is certainly the teacher can perform the task well.

In addition, teachers' tasks are categorized in three phases proposed by Yanuar Kiram (1992: 98) namely: 1) Phase learn the first level, 2) phase of learning a second level, 3) third level learning phase. The phases include:

Learning Phase of First Instance

Teachers have the daunting task is to introduce to the students something new and trying to control the learning process so that learners can master new things within certain limits.

Learning Phase Second Level

Teachers have a duty to supplement and refine motor skills learners. This phase is an intermediary or transition that determines whether a person can continue his gift to reach a high level of achievement.

Third Level Learning Phase

Teachers have a duty to stabilize kemamuan-motor skills acquired by learners and develop these skills in various situations and circumstances as has been stated.

With the difference in the duties of a physical education teacher at the school as expressed before, then a physical education teacher should be able to adapt to every task that should be implemented based on the existing phases.

The success of teachers in performing their duties depends on the willingness, perseverance and the related effort to master the various competencies required in the ideal job. A teacher has a double duty as an educator and as a teacher. As an educator duties pertaining to the development of personal, development of moral attitudes desired by the community. As a teacher of teachers has the task to develop the knowledge and skills necessary for everyone Adar to work, think, act, communicate and perform daily activities. For teacher assignment goes well, it is necessary to develop personal potential to become mature and capable of rational thought and personal competence.

Competence of teachers should also put emphasis in performing its duties properly. Therefore the competence of teachers should be implied as a dominant and dynamic objects that support in his duties as a teacher in education. As for teacher competence is divided into three namely kompetense personal, social competence and professional competence. Personal competence in which the ability of the present in teachers and who can develop a condition of learning so that learning outcomes can be achieved more effectively. Social competence is the ability of teachers to benefit realization that require compliance by the public. In this case there is correspondence between competences alone teachers with what is needed by society, Because of its social, teachers are entitled to use their competence as a dedication to the community.

Other competencies that are not less important is professional competence. This competency is essentially the ability of a teacher as a good teacher, because it is as a teacher, a teacher must have the basic ability of the material or the material being taught a lesson.

In the world of education recognized 10 teacher competency that form the basis of a teacher in carrying out their duties, as stated by Sardiman (2000: 161), namely:

1. Mastering-Platform Platform for Education

By mastering the foundations of education expected of teachers have insight into theoretical about their duties, so as to provide education in accordance with the demands of students' progress in fostering and developing the personal and skills.

2. Mastering the Instructional Materials

Mastering the learning materials, means allowing teachers to present the lesson material as well as possible so that students can receive and manage it steady as the stock of knowledge and skills required.

3. Classroom Management Capabilities

The ability to manage the classroom allows teachers to grow and develop classroom atmosphere that encourages students to follow the teaching-learning process with great

interest

4. Ability Managing Program Learning Menggajar

Ability to manage teaching and learning programs, enabling teachers to plan and organize better so that teaching can be followed by students easily and effectively.

5. Ability Managing Teaching and Learning Interactions

Ability to manage teaching and learning interactions allows teachers organize student activities in learning, so that students achieve optimal learning results.

6. Ability Using Media / Learning Resources

The ability to use media / learning resource allows teachers to choose a variety of media and the right sources so that students benefit as much as possible from the media and other sources of learning for the sake of achieving learning outcomes expected.

7. Assessing Learning Outcomes (Achievement) Students

Ability to assess student learning outcomes allowing teachers to assess students' progress with appropriate feedback as material for supporting further development of students

8. Understanding Principles And Research Results For Purposes Teaching

Understanding the principles and results-gasil research allows teachers continuously develop knowledge and skill areas of expertise, so that the education received by students is a living and always updated

9.

Know

the

Functions

and

Program

Guidance

and

Counseling

(Counseling)

Know the functions of guidance and counseling, enabling teachers to know the direction of development of personality students more deeply, to know things that may cause problems for students, can be recognized or can be prevented at an early stage.

10. Know And Holding Educational Administration

Identify and organize educational administration allows a variety of records, information and data about students (especially the development, activities and student progress), collected, organized so well that all that information quickly and accurately used for the purposes of decision making in a step-by-step guidance and student development next.

Criteria

Physical

Education

Teacher

In

Improving

Student

Learning.

Criteria for a teacher was also considered as an important aspect in education. Without having the criteria of good teachers is certainly not educational goals may be achieved especially in improving student learning in schools poses. Especially in this era of globalization, the criteria of a teacher is essential in fostering students' knowledge and personality. To realize the level of mastery students or students at school also influenced by the criteria of a teacher. Moreover, a teacher of physical education is often down the field to give practice to the children. This is certainly affecting psychomotor students in the learning process and learning.

Criteria for a teacher is, the fair use as guidance to the students the extent to which a physical education teacher was able to pursue science professionally. As a teacher should have a realistic criteria as follows:

1. Educated Professionals

a) There are jobs that the teaching is a job that requires solid planning, a management that takes into account the components of the system that is in the put, process, output and user.

b) Field work requires the support of science or theory that will provide a theoretical conception of science education with its branches.

c) Employment of this will take a long education and training, basic education and standard of undergraduate education plus professional.

2. Acknowledge and be aware of his profession. So has the attitude and able to develop the profession and does not intend to make it as a springboard to enter other professions. 3. Menajdi members of professional organizations that receive government or public recognition. So there is a professional organization whose members are professional people, for example: Teacher Education of the Republic of Indonesia

4. Recognise and implement a code of ethics professional who looks at efforts to develop the profession and science of self-development and acknowledges and respects the norms of society.

5. Development of self and the profession is not because of outside pressure or because of the profession, but arise from within the ebrsangkutan.

6. Attended and participated by making use of means of communication with the members as well as with institutions outside their professional organizations. Communication tool among others in the form of scientific publications, scientific meetings, etc.

7. Can work together with members and other professional organizations both as individuals and within the framework of the organization.

With a positive criteria of a teacher, the tasks and functions of these roles allow students to receive knowledge that was given by teachers to enhance students' learning processes in school physical education. Therefore, teachers are an important part and full responsibility towards the progress of students or students. CONCLUSION

From the discussion that has been said earlier, the conclusions in this paper can be presented as follows:

1. Teachers serve as leaders, teachers who works to increase students' learning process. 2. Teachers attempt to transfer the learning experiences of knowledge and skills to students to become intelligent and skilled

3. Physical education teacher has a duty to educate and teach health education, in addition to the teacher as telada to students and have a positive attitude also has the knowledge, skill, honesty and exemplary character as well as observing the school curriculum

SUGGESTIONS From the above conclusions, the authors propose the following suggestions:

1. Physical education teacher as the teacher should be able to demonstrate ability to apply knowledge to the maximum extent possible, especially physical education in both theoretical

and practical. If you need to channel the talents possessed by each student through a popular sport to excel

2. Teachers should have the appropriate criteria to the field of teacher training as a cornerstone in improving student learning.

3. Creating a partnership between schools and parents to pursue the procurement of sports equipment to support the implementation of teaching physical education in schools for learning to walk as much as possible

REFERENCES

Bakti Rochmah, Field Program Implementation Guidelines. P2LPTK Dirjend MOEC, 1992. Hamidjojo Santoso, Primary And Secondary Education Development in Indonesia. Dirjend Basic and Secondary Education Department of Education, Jakarta, 1979

Harsono., Facilities Physical Education. High School Sports, Bandung 1978

Abraham and Nana Syaodih., Planning Teaching. Department of Education, Jakarta, 1991

Kiram Yanuar, Motor Learning, Dirjend Department of Education, Jakarta, 1992,

Nadisah, Physical Education Curriculum Development and Health. MOEC Dirjend P2LPTK, Bandung, 1992.

Seminar Committee PON XV of 2000. Repositioning and Re-actualizing Sport System Toward New Indonesia., Batu, Malang, 2000

Sardiman AM, Interaction And Motivations Learning-Teaching. King Grafindo, Jakarta 2000

Sugiyanto., Learning Motion. Education Center And Upgrading KONI Central Jakarta, 1993

Winarno Surachmad., Science Education Teacher Training Basics. Department of Education, Jakarta, 1987.