MF805008 Ots+cv (20121221)

Oxygen Transport System (OTS) & Cardiovascular (CV) Disease Risk 805P-MF805008 / Version 2 Effective Date Not Assigned
SECTION I. ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

All Courses Including This Lesson Course Number Version Course Title
None
Task Number Task Title
Task(s) Taught(*) or Supported
None
Task Number Task Title
Reinforced Task(s)
None
Knowledge Knowledge Id Title Taught Required
None
Skill Skill Id Title Taught Required
None
Administrative/ Academic Hours
The administrative/academic hours required to teach this lesson are as follows:

Academic Resident Hours / Methods
Yes 3 hrs 0 mins Conference/Discussion Yes 0 hrs 0 mins Test Review Yes 0 hrs 0 mins Test ________________________________________________________________________ Total Hours: 3 hrs 0 mins
Test Lesson Number Hours Lesson Number
None
Prerequisite Lesson(s) Lesson Number Lesson Title
None
Training Material Classification Foreign Disclosure Restrictions
Security Level: This course/lesson will present information that has a Security Classification of: U - Unclassified. FD1. The materials contained in this training event/course have been reviewed by the developers in coordination with the Physical Readiness Div, TSSD, DCG-IMT, Ft Jackson FD authority. This training event/course is releasable to students from all requesting foreign countries without restrictions.
Number Title Date Additional Information
References
FM 5-19 FM 7-22
COMPOSITE RISK MANAGEMENT Army Physical Readiness Training

1
21 Aug 2006 26 Oct 2012
Student Study Assignment

None.
Instructor Requirements
- Be thoroughly familiar with this lesson and FM 7-22 prior to conducting training.
- Ensure all handouts, slides, and lesson for Visitors Book are prepared and on-hand.
- Ensure classroom is prepared and all required equipment and training aides are on-hand for training and in proper working order.
- Ensure Assistant Instructor (AI) is identified, briefed, and is aware of any requirements involving his/her interaction. The AI also needs to ensure he/she can teach the is lesson if the Primary Instructor (PI) is not present.
- Identify corrections, inconsistencies, or errors in training material. These need to be addressed with the PRD Training Specialist after the scheduled training.
- Complete an end-of-day AAR with students.
Additional Support Personnel Requirements
Name
Student Ratio
Qty
Man Hours
None
ID - Name Student Ratio Instructor Ratio
Equipment Required for Instruction
Spt
Qty
Exp
5836-01-408-4665 0:0 PROJECTOR, VIDEO (INFOCUS LITEPRO 550) 6515-01-509-2908 - DEPLOY 0:0 PAC,AED 6545-00-116-1410 - FIRST AID 1:40 KIT,GENERAL PURPOSE 6665-01-103-8547 - WET 1:40 GLOBE TEMPERATURE KIT 6730-00-577-4813 - Screen, 0:0 Projection 7010-01-454-5951 - Computer 0:0 System, Digital, Desk Top 7520-00-T82-3256 - LASER, 0:0 POINTER (PEN SIZE) 7520-01-351-9148 - Pointer, 0:0 Instructional (Note: Asterisk before ID indicates a TADSS.)
1:40 1:40 0:0 0:0 1:40 1:40 1:40 1:40
No No No No No No No No
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
No No No No No No No No
Materials Required
Instructor Materials:
- This lesson and any SME notes
- Updated composite risk worksheet
Student Materials:
- Uniform as designated by instructors
- Pen/pencil
- Paper
Classroom, Training Area, and Range Requirements
ID - Name
Quantity
Student Ratio
Setup Mins
Cleanup Mins
17120-T-1680-50 Classroom, Traditional, 1680 Square Feet, 50 Students
1:40
Ammunition Requirements
DODIC - Name
Exp
Student Ratio
Instruct Ratio
Spt Qty
None
Instructional Guidance
NOTE: Before presenting this lesson, instructors must thoroughly prepare by studying this lesson and identified reference material.
- Instructor must adhere to the guidelines established by this lesson, the Master Fitness Trainer Course (MFTC) Program of Instruction (POI); and unit/installation policies, Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), and guidelines of the training unit.
- The following slides support this lesson, MF805008: Oxygen Transport System and Caridovascular Disease Risk Factors:
Slide #1 Oxygen Transport System and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors
Slide #2 Terminal Learning Objective (TLO)
Slide #3 Enabling Learning Objective A
Slide #4 Respiratory Anatomy
Slide #5 Diffusion
Slide #6 Enabling Learning Objective B
Slide #7 Components of Blood
Slide #8 Enabling Learning Objective C
Slide #9 Heart Anatomy
Slide #10 Heart Function
Slide #11 Coronary Arteries
Slide #12 Cardiac Output
Slide #13 Enabling Learning Objective D
Slide #14 OTS: Adaptations to Exercise
Slide #15 OTS Check on Learning
Slide #27 OTS Summary
Slide #28 CV Disease Risk Factors
Slide #29 Enabling Learning Objective E
Slide #30 Atherosclerosis
Slide #31 Coronary Artery Disease
Slide #32 Risk Factors
Slide #33 Enabling Learning Objective F
Slide #34 Non-modifiable Major Risk Factors
Slide #35 Modifiable Major Risk Factors
Slide #41 Enabling Learning Objective G
Slide #42 Contributing Risk Factors
Slide #46 CV Disease Risk Check on Learning
Slide #52 CV Disease Risk Summary
Slide #53 Summary
Slide #54 Questions ???
Proponent Lesson Plan Approvals
Name
Rank
Position
Date
None
NO DATA
SECTION II. INTRODUCTION Method of Instruction: Instr Type(I:S Ratio/Qty): Time of Instruction: Instructional Strategy:
Motivator
NOTE: SHOW SLIDE 1: Oxygen Transport System and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors (Title slide)
Conference/Discussion Contracted Instructor (1:10/0), Instructor (1:40/0) 5 mins Large Group Instruction
Slide 1
The purpose of this period of instruction is to familiarize you with the structure and function of the oxygen transport system or OTS and cardiovascular (CV) disease risk factors that may inhibit its performance. Discussion will include the structure and function of the respiratory system (muscles used in breathing, airways, lungs) and cardiovascular system (heart, blood and blood vessels) and their roles in the transport and delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the muscles and organs for optimal health and physical performance.
NOTE: SHOW SLIDE 2: Terminal Learning Objective (TLO)
Slide 2
Terminal Learning Objective
NOTE. Inform the students of the following Terminal Learning Objective requirements.
At the completion of this lesson, you [the student] will:
Action: Conditions:
Identify the Oxygen Transport System (OTS) structure and function in relationship to health, Cardiovascular (CV) Disease Risk, fitness and the physical performance of Warrior Tasks and Battle Drills (WTBDs). In a large group classroom, given instructor notes, this lesson, FM 7-22, Army Physical Readiness Training, and Master Fitness Trainer Course (MFTC) Course Management Plan (CMP).
Standards:
Identify OTS structure and function in relationship to health, CV disease risk, fitness and the physical performance of WTBDs IAW this lesson, Instructor Notes and FM 7-22.
Safety Requirements
1. Safety is a major consideration when planning and evaluating PRT programs. Commanders should use the composite risk management process for all PRT activities to ensure they do not place their Soldiers at undue risk for injury or accident. The commander should address:
- Environmental conditions - Emergency procedures - Facilities - Differences in age - Gender - Level of conditioning of each Soldier in the unit
2. Safety Requirements in a Classroom Setting:
Safety is of the utmost importance in any training environment. During the training process, Commanders will utilize the 5-Step Composite Risk Management process to determine the safest and most complete method to train. Every precaution will be taken during the conduct of training.
Safety is everyones responsibility to recognize, mitigate, and report hazardous conditions.
3. In a training environment, lead Instructors must perform a risk assessment in accordance with FM 5-19, Composite Risk Management. Leaders will complete a DA Form 7566 COMPOSITE RISK MANAGEMENT WORKSHEET during the planning and completion of each task and sub-task by assessing mission, enemy, terrain and weather, troops and support available-time available and civil considerations, (METT-TC).
NOTE: During MOPP training, leaders must ensure personnel are monitored for potential environmental injury. Local policies and procedures must be followed during times of increased heat category or freeze warning in order to avoid injury. Consider the MOPP work/rest cycles and water replacement guidelines IAW FM 3-11.4, NBC Protection, FM 311.5, CBRN Decontamination.
Risk Assessment Level
Low Conduct Classroom Instruction
Assessment: - Tripping over extension cords, electrocution, mishandle equipment. - Dehydration - Stress - Overheating - Fire
Controls: - Tape or cover cords on the floor, educate on operation of equipment, develop emergency evacuation procedures. - Drink water or comparable beverage during breaks
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- Relaxation and preparedness for class - Proper hydration, climate control - Emergency evacuation plan - Contact to emergency services - Use of sprinkler-fire ext
Leader Actions: - MFTIs will brief classroom safety at the beginning of every class. - MFTIs will encourage all MFTs to drink water. MFTIs will brief the location of a water fountains and the latrine. - MFTIs will assign student reading the day prior. MFTIs will brief the MFT break area. - MFTs will be in the prescribed uniform. MFTs will drink water when needed. - MFTIs will brief the fire evacuation plan in the beginning of every class. MFTIs will control MFTs in the event of a fire drill. MFTs and cadre will form up at the designated formation area. - MFTIs will ensure the wet bulb is operational and checked every hour to keep up with the correct heat category for the event. - All hot weather injuries will be followed up with an LCIR to the Chain of Command. - MFTIs will ensure adequate time will be given to eat all meals and drink fluids. - MFTIs will adhere to work/rest cycles of continuous high heat categories for each training event.
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Environmental Considerations
NOTE: Instructor should conduct a Risk Assessment to include Environmental Considerations IAW FM 3-34.5, Environmental Considerations {MCRP 4-11B}, and ensure students are briefed on hazards and control measures.
Individuals instructing this task must ensure they are familiar with FM 7-22, Appendix D, pages D-1 thru D-5, Environmental Considerations prior to training this task.
Evaluation
NOTE: Describe how the student will demonstrate accomplishment of the TLO throughout the course, during Practical Exercises (PEs), and on any performance assessment.
Instructional Lead-in
a. The body needs oxygen to survive, perform activities of daily living and especially when performing physically demanding tasks.
b. The OTS consists of the heart, lungs, blood and blood vessels, all contributing to the delivery of oxygen and nutrient s to the muscles to supply energy to create movement.
c. Identifying and controlling CV disease risk factors will help to keep the OTS working effectively.
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SECTION III. PRESENTATION NOTE: A. Inform the students of the Enabling Learning Objective requirements. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE ACTION: CONDITIONS: Describe the components of the respiratory system. In a large group classroom, given a FM 7-22, Appendix C, Army Physical Readiness Training, and Master Fitness Trainer Course (MFTC) Course Management Plan (CMP). STANDARDS: Describe the components of the respiratory system IAW instructor notes and this lesson. ELO A - LSA 1. Learning Step / Activity ELO A - LSA 1. Components of the Respiratory System Conference/Discussion Contracted Instructor(1:10/0)* / Instructor(1:40/0)* 0 hrs 15 mins Large Group Instruction PowerPoint Presentation This course/lesson will present information that has a Security Classification of: U - Unclassified. Note: Marked as (*) is derived from the parent learning object
Method of Instruction: Instr Type(I:S Ratio/Qty): Time of Instruction: Instructional Strategy: Media Type: Security Classification:
NOTE: SHOW SLIDE 3: Enabling Learning Objective (ELO) B: (Inform the students of the Enabling Learning Objective requirements)
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Slide 3
a. The respiratory system consists of the diaphragm, intercostals muscles, nose, mouth, throat and lungs.
b. During rest or inactivity we passively breathe as the diaphragm contracts changing pressure drawing air into the body.
c. When we need to breathe more forcefully when exercising, the intercostals muscles of the torso aid in more forceful exhalation.
NOTE: SHOW SLIDE 4: Respiratory Anatomy
Slide 4
d. Air containing oxygen enters the body through the nose and/or mouth and travels passed the pharynx and larynx, through the trachea to enter the two main bronchi of the lungs. The bronchi branch off into bronchioles, then into smaller sac-like tissues called alveoli.
e. Ask students the following questions:
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QUESTION: What are the components of the respiratory system?
ANSWER: intercostals.
The air passages (nose/mouth throat), trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, diaphragm and
QUESTION: Describe the breathing process How does air enter the body and get oxygen into the bloodstream?
ANSWER: happen.
The breathing process is passive and involuntary we dont have to think about it for it to
- At rest, the diaphragm contracts, initiating a change in pressure, and air enters the lungs.
- During activity, the intercostals assist in more forceful breathing needed to supply a greater amount of oxygen to the body.
- Alveoli expand and become thinner to provide diffusion of oxygen into the capillaries surrounding them, supplying oxygen in the bloodstream to be delivered around the body.
QUESTION: Generally, a healthy respiratory system is not a limiting factor in oxygen intake. What factors could inhibit this?
ANSWERS:
- Blockages in the nasal passages and/or throat.
- Trauma to the diaphragm or torso area (get the wind knocked out, bruised/broken ribs)
- Diseases to the Lung tissue: Cystic or pulmonary fibrosis, emphysema, bronchitis and asthma.
NOTE: SHOW SLIDE 5: Diffusion
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Slide 5
f. Oxygen moves across the lining of the alveoli and the surrounding capillaries (small blood vessels) into the blood so that it can be transported to the heart to be pumped throughout the body. This movement of oxygen from the alveoli to the capillaries is called diffusion.
g. Diffusion occurs when a substance moves from an area of high concentration (oxygen in the alveoli) to an area of low concentration (oxygen in the blood) in an effort to equalize concentrations.
h. Factors affecting diffusion are:
(1) The surface area available
(2) Membrane thickness
(3) Gradient
i. Healthy alveoli stretch to accommodate a very large surface area with a thin membrane. There is a higher concentration of oxygen in the alveoli than in the blood.
j. Regular participation in PRT endurance and mobility activities increase the rate of diffusion by opening more alveoli and capillaries, stretching alveolar membranes, providing more and larger surface areas at which diffusion occurs.
NOTE: Discuss examples of diffusion:
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(1) Someone is baking cookies and eventually the whole house smells like cookies.
(2) Someone lights up a cigarette in an enclosed area eventually the entire area smells like smoke.
(3) When a drop of ink is dropped into a glass of water the whole contents of the glass will eventually darken.
Check on Learning:
Determine if the students have learned the material presented by soliciting student questions and explanations. Ask the students questions and correct misunderstandings.
Review Summary:
Conduct a review and solicit feedback from students on the administrative/support function offered in this Learning Step Activity.
CHECK ON LEARNING (ELO A):

ANSWER:
The air passages (nose/mouth throat), trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli,
diaphragm and intercostals.
REVIEW SUMMARY(ELO A):
Conduct a review and solicit feedback from students on the administrative/support function offered in this Enabling Learning Objective (ELO).
B.
ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE ACTION: CONDITIONS: Describe the components of blood and their functions. In a large group classroom, given a FM 7-22, Appendix C, Army Physical Readiness Training, and Master Fitness Trainer Course (MFTC) Course Management Plan (CMP). STANDARDS: Describe the components of blood and their functions IAW instructor notes and this lesson. ELO B - LSA 1. Learning Step / Activity ELO B - LSA 1. Components of Blood and Their Functions Conference/Discussion Contracted Instructor(1:10/0)* / Instructor(1:40/0)* 0 hrs 5 mins Large Group Instruction PowerPoint Presentation This course/lesson will present information that has a Security Classification of: U - Unclassified. Note: Marked as (*) is derived from the parent learning object
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Slide 6
a. Blood, like air is a life source for the body.
b. Blood travels from the muscles and the rest of the bodys cells by way of veins to the right side of the heart, then to the lungs to exchange carbon dioxide for oxygen (pulmonary circulation).
c. It then is pumped back to the left side of the heart and out the aorta and through arteries to the muscles and rest of the bodys cells.
d. Blood carries oxygen from the lungs and nutrients from the intestines to the rest of the body to sustain life and enable physical performance.
NOTE: SHOW SLIDE 7: Components of Blood
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Slide 7
e. Blood, like air is a life source for the body. Blood travels from the muscles and the rest of the bodys cells by way of veins to the right side of the heart, then to the lungs to exchange carbon dioxide for oxygen (pulmonary circulation). It then is pumped back to the left side of the heart and out the aorta and through arteries to the muscles and rest of the bodys cells. Blood carries oxygen from the lungs and nutrients from the intestines to the rest of the body to sustain life and enable physical performance. Blood is composed of the following:
(1) Red Blood Cells contain hemoglobin, which attaches to and carries oxygen in the blood.
(2) White Blood Cells contain antibodies to fight infection and platelets for clotting.
(3) Plasma contains water, proteins, glucose and electrolytes; helps in heat transfer and regulation.
h. The average blood volume is approximately five liters or two gallons.
i. The cellular components of blood (red and white cells) make up 45% of the total blood volume.
j. Exercise, maintaining a healthy lifestyle and following good nutritional practices will all help to ensure that blood is not a negative factor in how the OTS affects physical performance.
Check on Learning:
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Review Summary:
CHECK ON LEARNING (ELO B):

QUESTION: Why are red blood cells are important to physical activity?
ANSWER: They provide the blood with the ability to carry oxygen and nutrients to make ATP for energy.
QUESTION: What is the term used for a low red blood cell count?
ANSWER: Anemia.
QUESTION: What is are examples of diseases of the white blood cells and how do they harm the body?
ANSWER: HIV and Leukemia inhibit the ability to fight off infection.
QUESTION: Why is plasma important?
ANSWER:
It contains the necessary fluid and nutrition for regulating temperature, body
processes and producing energy.
REVIEW SUMMARY(ELO B):
C.
ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE ACTION: CONDITIONS: Describe the structure and function of the heart. In a large group classroom, given a FM 7-22, Appendix C, Army Physical Readiness Training, and Master Fitness Trainer Course (MFTC) Course Management Plan (CMP). STANDARDS: Describe the structure and function of the heart IAW instructor notes and this lesson.
ELO C - LSA 1. Learning Step / Activity ELO C - LSA 1. Structure and Function of the Heart Method of Instruction: Conference/Discussion Instr Type(I:S Ratio/Qty): Contracted Instructor(1:10/0)* / Instructor(1:40/0)* Time of Instruction: 0 hrs 20 mins
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Instructional Strategy: Large Group Instruction Media Type: PowerPoint Presentation Security Classification: This course/lesson will present information that has a Security Classification of: U - Unclassified. Note: Marked as (*) is derived from the parent learning object
NOTE: SHOW SLIDE 8: Enabling Learning Objective (ELO) C: (Inform the students of the Enabling Learning Objective requirements)
Slide 8
NOTE: SHOW SLIDE 9: Heart Anatomy
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Slide 9
a. The heart is the ultimate endurance muscle, self stimulating and working 24/7/365 pumping all of blood in the body around the body in about one minute.
b. It consists of two pumps: the right side is the pulmonary pump, moving blood to and from the lungs.
c. The left side is the systemic pump, moving the blood throughout the rest of the body in about the same time as the right side pumps blood to the lungs and back.
NOTE: SHOW SLIDE 10: Heart Function
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Slide 10
d. Blood flow through the heart is as follows:
(1) Blood returns from the body (with carbon dioxide and very little oxygen), entering the right upper chamber of the heart (atrium) via the superior and inferior vena cava.
(2) After the tricuspid valve allows passage to the right lower chamber (ventricle) the blood exits the heart through the pulmonary arteries, with each beat, moving to the lungs to pick up oxygen and dump off carbon dioxide.
(3) Blood re-enters the heart via the pulmonary veins through the left atrium.
(4) After the mitral valve allows passage to the left lower chamber (ventricle) the oxygenated blood exits the heart through the aorta, with each beat, delivering blood to the rest of the body.
NOTE: SHOW SLIDE 11: Coronary Arteries
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Slide 11
e. The heart muscle receives its blood supply with oxygen through the coronary arteries, surrounding the outside of the heart.
f. The difference in oxygen in the blood flowing to a muscle and the amount leaving the muscle is called a-v O2 difference or the amount of oxygen that stayed in the muscle to be used to make energy.
g. The heart works at near 100% a-v O2 difference.
h. So, we must ensure that the coronary arteries are in top working order and not blocked, in order to allow maximum blood flow to the heart.
NOTE: SHOW SLIDE 12: Cardiac Output
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Slide 12
i. Heart rate is how fast the heart beats, measured in beats per minute (BPM).
j. Stroke volume is the amount of blood pumped per beat.
k. If the cardiovascular system is healthy, the entire blood volume of the body (5-6 liters) circulates through the heart in one minute while at rest.
l. The demand of intense exercise may cause heart rates to triple and stroke volumes to double.
m. To safely withstand these demands, the heart must be healthy and well conditioned to not risk injury of damage.
Check on Learning:
Review Summary:
CHECK ON LEARNING (ELO C):

QUESTION: What is the function of the right side of the heart?
ANSWER:
The right side is the pulmonary pump, moving blood to and from the lungs.
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QUESTION: What is the function of the left side of the heart?
ANSWER: body
The left side is the systemic pump, moving the blood throughout the rest of the
QUESTION: Oxygenated blood exits the heart through the _______, with each beat, delivering blood to the rest of the body.
ANSWER:
Aorta
REVIEW SUMMARY(ELO C):
D.
ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE ACTION: CONDITIONS: Describe how exercise positively affects OTS. In a large group classroom, given a FM 7-22, Appendix C, Army Physical Readiness Training, and Master Fitness Trainer Course (MFTC) Course Management Plan (CMP). STANDARDS: Describe how exercise positively affects OTS in relation to physical performance IAW instructor notes and this lesson. ELO D - LSA 1. Learning Step / Activity ELO D - LSA 1. How Exercise Positively Affects OTS Method of Instruction: Instr Type(I:S Ratio/Qty): Time of Instruction: Instructional Strategy: Media Type: Security Classification: Conference/Discussion Contracted Instructor(1:10/0)* / Instructor(1:40/0)* 0 hrs 15 mins Large Group Instruction PowerPoint Presentation This course/lesson will present information that has a Security Classification of: U - Unclassified. Note: Marked as (*) is derived from the parent learning object
NOTE: SHOW SLIDE 13: Enabling Learning Objective (ELO) D: (Inform the students of the Enabling Learning Objective requirements)
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Slide 13
NOTE: SHOW SLIDE 14: OTS: Adaptations to Exercise
Slide 14
26
a. Regular participation in exercise, especially aerobic activities, will have a positive effect on the OTS by increasing VO2 Max through improvement in the following areas: (1) Increase in lung efficiency and capacity (breathe better) (2) Increase in cardiac output (SV - heart pumps more blood per beat) (3) Increase in working muscles capacities to use oxygen for energy (a-v O2 difference)
b. VO2 Max is the gold standard for measuring aerobic fitness. It is the maximum volume of O2 consumed per kg of body weight.
NOTE: SHOW SLIDE 15: OTS Check on Learning
Slide 15
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Slide 16
ANSWER: intercostals.
The air passages (nose/mouth throat), trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, diaphragm and
28
Slide 17
29
Slide 18
ANSWER: The breathing process is passive and involuntary we dont have to think about it for it to happen.
(1) At rest, the diaphragm contracts, initiating a change inpressure, and air enters the lungs.
(2) During activity, the intercostals assist in more forceful breathing needed to supply a greater amount of oxygen to the body.
(3) Alveoli expand and become thinner to provide diffusion of oxygen into the capillaries surrounding them, supplying oxygen in the bloodstream to be delivered around the body.
Slide 19
QUESTION: Generally, a healthy respiratory system is not a limiting factor in oxygen intake. What factors could inhibit this?
30
Slide 20
ANSWERS:
(1) Blockages in the nasal passages and/or throat.
(2) Trauma to the diaphragm or torso area (get the wind knocked out, bruised/broken ribs).
(3) Diseases to the lungs: Cystic or pulmonary fibrosis, emphysema, bronchitis and asthma.
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Slide 21
QUESTION: How does the heart work?
Slide 22
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ANSWER: The heart acts as two pumps. The right side of the heart pumps blood to and from the lungs to acquire oxygen. The left side of the heart pumps blood around the entire body to deliver oxygen and nutrients to the cells.
Slide 23
QUESTION: How is efficiency of the heart measured?
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Slide 24
ANSWER: Cardiac Output = Heart Rate X Stroke Volume (the amount of blood pumped by the heart in one minute)
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Slide 25
QUESTION: What are positive effects of regular exercise on the OTS?
Slide 26
ANSWER: Regular participation in exercise, especially aerobic activities, will have a positive effect on the OTS. With proper training, the Soldier will breathe better (improved lung capacity and diffusion), his heart will pump more efficiently (increased stroke volume) and his working muscles will use more of the oxygen delivered to them (increased a-v O2 difference).
NOTE: SHOW SLIDE 27: OTS Summary
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Slide 27
c. Regular participation in PRT endurance and mobility activities will produce positive effects in the capacities and capabilities of the respiratory system, cardiovascular system and working muscles. Understanding how the OTS works is essential in planning training to improve physical performance.
NOTE: SHOW SLIDE 28: Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors
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Slide 28
d. Coronary Heart Disease is the leading cause of death in the U.S. for both men and women.
e. The purpose of this instruction is to familiarize you with the risk factors for CV (heart and blood vessels) disease and the positive effects of healthy lifestyle choices in reducing risk.
NOTE: Ask students: How many of you have family members who have CV disease?
Check on Learning:
Review Summary:
CHECK ON LEARNING (ELO D): REVIEW SUMMARY(ELO D):
This ELO mostly consists of a check on learning for OTS portion of this lesson.
E.
ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE ACTION: Describe the risk factors for Cardiovascular Disease.
37
CONDITIONS:
In a large group classroom, given a FM 7-22, Appendix C, Army Physical Readiness Training, and Master Fitness Trainer Course (MFTC) Course Management Plan (CMP).
STANDARDS:
Describe the risk factors for CV disease IAW the American Heart Association and how exercise and healthy lifestyle choices positively affect them IAW instructor notes and this lesson.
ELO E - LSA 1.
Learning Step / Activity ELO E - LSA 1. Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease Conference/Discussion Contracted Instructor(1:10/0)* / Instructor(1:40/0)* 0 hrs 15 mins Large Group Instruction PowerPoint Presentation This course/lesson will present information that has a Security Classification of: U - Unclassified. Note: Marked as (*) is derived from the parent learning object
NOTE: SHOW SLIDE 29: Enabling Learning Objective (ELO) E: (Inform the students of the Enabling Learning Objective requirements)
Slide 29
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a. As stated in Slide 28, Coronary Heart Disease is the leading cause of death in the U.S. for both men and women. The purpose of this instruction is to familiarize you with the risk factors for cardiovascular (heart and blood vessels) disease and the positive effects of healthy lifestyle choices in reducing risk.
NOTE: SHOW SLIDE 30: Atherosclerosis
Slide 30
b. Plaque buildup in arteries is a progressive disease called atherosclerosis that can start in early adulthood and get worse over time.
c. Increased plaque buildup may be a concern if you have high cholesterol and other risk factors such as high blood pressure, diabetes, a family history of early heart disease, or if you smoke or are overweight.
NOTE: SHOW SLIDE 31: Coronary Artery Disease
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Slide 31
d. The coronary arteries supply blood to the heart. Partial or complete blockage of these arteries may cause the heart to fail due to inadequate blood and oxygen supply (myocardial infarction death of the heart muscle heart attack).
NOTE: Discuss treatment: medication, angioplasty and bypass surgeries.
NOTE: SHOW SLIDE 32: Risk Factors
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Slide 32
e. Major Risk Factors are those that research has shown significantly increase the risk of heart and blood vessel (CV) disease.
f. Contributing Risk Factors are other factors associated with increased risk of CV disease, but their significant prevalence havent yet been precisely determined.
g. The American Heart Association recognizes extensive clinical and statistical studies that have identified several factors that increase the risk of coronary heart disease and heart attack. Some of them can be modified, treated or controlled, and some can't.
Check on Learning:
Review Summary:
CHECK ON LEARNING (ELO E):

QUESTION: The buildup of plaque in arteries is a progressive disease called ______________________?
ANSWER:
Atherosclerosis
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QUESTION: Name a treatment for blockage of arteries in the heart.
ANSWER:
Medication, Angioplasty, bypass surgeries
REVIEW SUMMARY(ELO E):
F.
ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE ACTION: CONDITIONS: Describe major risk factors for Cardiovascular (CV) Disease. In a large group classroom, given a FM 7-22, Appendix C, Army Physical Readiness Training, and Master Fitness Trainer Course (MFTC) Course Management Plan (CMP). STANDARDS: Describe the major risk factors for CV disease and how they may be modified IAW instructor notes and this lesson. ELO F - LSA 1. Learning Step / Activity ELO F - LSA 1. Major Risk Factors for Cardiovascular (CV) Disease Conference/Discussion Contracted Instructor(1:10/0)* / Instructor(1:40/0)* 1 hr 0 min Large Group Instruction PowerPoint Presentation This course/lesson will present information that has a Security Classification of: U - Unclassified. Note: Marked as (*) is derived from the parent learning object
NOTE: SHOW SLIDE 33: Enabling Learning Objective (ELO) F: (Inform the students of the Enabling Learning Objective requirements)
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Slide 33
NOTE: SHOW SLIDE 34: Non-modifiable Major Risk Factors
Slide 34
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a. The risk factors on this list are ones you're born with and cannot be changed. The more of these risk factors you have, the greater your chance of developing coronary heart disease.
b. Since you can't do anything about these risk factors, it's even more important for you to manage the risk factors that can be changed.
(1) Increasing Age. About 82% of people who die of coronary heart disease are 65 or older. At older ages, women who have heart attacks are more likely than men are to die from them within a few weeks.
(2) Gender. Men have a greater risk of heart attack than women do, and they have attacks earlier in life. Even after menopause, when womens death rate from heart disease increases, its not as great as mens.
(3) Heredity. Children of parents with heart disease are more likely to develop it themselves. African Americans have more severe high blood pressure than Caucasians and a higher risk of heart disease. Heart disease risk is also higher among Mexican Americans, American Indians, native Hawaiians and some Asian Americans. This is partly due to higher rates of obesity and diabetes.
NOTE: SHOW SLIDE 35: Modifiable Major Risk Factors
Slide 35
d. Tobacco Smoke
44
(1) Smokers risk of developing coronary heart disease is 2-4 times that of nonsmokers.
(2) People who smoke a pack of cigarettes a day have more than twice the risk of heart attack than people who have never smoked.
(3) Cigarette smoking is a powerful independent risk factor for sudden cardiac death in patients with coronary heart disease.
(4) People who smoke cigars or pipes seem to have a higher risk of death from coronary heart disease and possibly stroke but their risk isnt as great as cigarette smokers.
(5) Exposure to second-hand smoke increases the risk of heart disease even for nonsmokers.
NOTE: SHOW SLIDE 36: Modifiable Major Risk Factors (continued)
Slide 36
e. High Blood Cholesterol. As blood cholesterol rises, so does the risk of heart disease. When other risk factors are present, this risk increases even more. A persons cholesterol level is also affected by age, gender, heredity and diet. Heres the lowdown on where those numbers need to be:
45
(1) Total Cholesterol
< 200 mg/dL 200-239 mg/dL > 240 mg/dL
Desirable Borderline High High
(2) LDL Cholesterol
< 100 mg/dL
Optimal
(3) HDL Cholesterol
> 60 mg/dL
Desirable
(4) Triglycerides
< 150 mg/dL
Desirable
NOTE: SHOW SLIDE 37: Non-modifiable Major Risk Factors (continued)
Slide 37
f. High Blood Pressure: High blood pressure increases the hearts workload, causing it to thicken and become stiffer. This stiffening of the heart muscle is normal and causes the heart not to work properly. It also increases your risk of stroke, heart attack, kidney failure and congestive heart failure. When high blood pressure exits with obesity, smoking, high blood cholesterol or diabetes, the risk of heart attack or stroke increases several times.
(1) Normal
< 120 over 80
46
(2) Prehypertensive
130-140 over 80-90
(3) Hypertensive
> 140 over 90
Slide 38
g. Obesity and Overweight:
(1) People who have excess body fat, especially if a lot of it is at the waist, are more likely to develop heart disease and stroke even if they have no other risk factors.
(2) Extra weight increases the hearts work, raising blood pressure, blood cholesterol and, triglyceride levels and lowering HDL levels.
(3) It can also make diabetes more likely to develop.
(4) Loosing just 10 pounds can lower your heart disease risk.
47
Slide 39
h. Diabetes Mellitus:
(1) Diabetes seriously increases your risk of developing cardiovascular disease.
(2) At least 65% of people with diabetes die of some form of heart or blood vessel disease.
48
Slide 40
i. Physical Inactivity:
(1) An inactive lifestyle is a risk factor for coronary heart disease. Regular, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity helps prevent CV disease.
(2) The more vigorous the activity, the greater the benefits. However, even moderate-intensity activities help if done regularly and long term.
(3) Physical activity can help control blood cholesterol, diabetes and obesity, as well as help lower blood pressure in some people.
Check on Learning:
Review Summary:
CHECK ON LEARNING (ELO F):

QUESTION: What are Non-modifiable factors to preventing Cardiovascular Disease?
ANSWER:
Increasing Age, Gender, Heredity
49
QUESTION: What are "Modifiable" factors to preventing Cardiovascular Disease?
ANSWER:
Tobacco smiking, high blood cholesterol, high blood pressure, obesity and
overweight, diabetes mellitus, physical inactivity
REVIEW SUMMARY(ELO F):
G.
ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE ACTION: CONDITIONS: Describe other contributing risk factors for CV disease. In a large group classroom, given a FM 7-22, Appendix C, Army Physical Readiness Training, and Master Fitness Trainer Course (MFTC) Course Management Plan (CMP). STANDARDS: Describe other contributing risk factors for CV disease IAW instructor notes and this lesson. ELO G - LSA 1. Learning Step / Activity ELO G - LSA 1. Other Contributing Risk Factors for CV Disease Method of Instruction: Instr Type(I:S Ratio/Qty): Time of Instruction: Instructional Strategy: Media Type: Security Classification: Conference/Discussion Contracted Instructor(1:10/0)* / Instructor(1:40/0)* 0 hrs 20 mins Large Group Instruction PowerPoint Presentation This course/lesson will present information that has a Security Classification of: U - Unclassified. Note: Marked as (*) is derived from the parent learning object
50
Slide 41
NOTE: SHOW SLIDE 42: Contributing Factors
Slide 42
51
a. Stress
b. Alcohol
c. Diet and Nutrition
NOTE: SHOW SLIDE 43: Contributing Factors (Continued)
Slide 43
d. Stress:
(1) Individual response to stress may be a contributing factor.
(2) Some scientists have noted a relationship between coronary heart disease risk and stress in a persons life, their health behaviors and socioeconomic status.
(3) Stress may affect other risk factors. For example, people under stress may overeat, start smoking or smoke more than they normally would.
52
Slide 44
e. Alcohol:
(1) rinking too much alcohol may:
(A) Raise blood pressure
(B) Cause heart failure
(C) Lead to stroke
(D) Contribute to high triglycerides
(E) Contribute to cancer and other diseases
(F) Produce irregular heartbeats
(G) Contribute to obesity
(H) Contribute to suicide and accidents
53
(2) The risk of heart disease in people who drink moderate amounts of alcohol is lower than nondrinkers. If you drink, limit your consumption to no more than two drinks per day for men and no more than one for women.
Slide 45
f. Diet and Nutrition
(1) A healthy diet is one of the best weapons you have to fight CV disease. The food you eat and the amount can affect other controllable risk factors: cholesterol, blood pressure, diabetes and overweight.
(2) Choose nutrient-rich foods, which have vitamins, minerals, fiber and other nutrients but are lower in calories over nutrient-poor foods.
(3) A diet rich in vegetables, fruits, whole-grain and high-fiber foods, fish, lean protein and fat-free dairy products is the key.
(4) Maintain a healthy weight, coordinate your diet with your physical activity level so youre using up as many calories as you take in.
54
NOTE: SHOW SLIDE 46: CV Disease Risk Check on Learning
Slide 46
QUESTION: What is cardiovascular (CV) disease?
55
Slide 47
ANSWER: Disease of the heart and/or blood vessels.
Slide 48
56
QUESTION: List and describe the risk factors for CV disease.
Slide 49
ANSWERS:
(1) Major Risk Factors are those that research has shown significantly increase the risk of heart and blood vessel (CV) disease. They include increasing age, gender, heredity, tobacco smoke, high blood cholesterol, high blood pressure, obesity/overweight, diabetes and physical inactivity.
(2) Contributing Risk Factors are other factors associated with increased risk of CV disease, but their significant prevalence havent yet been precisely determined. They include stress, alcohol, diet and nutrition.
57
Slide 50
QUESTION: How does exercise positively affect CV disease risk?
58
Slide 51
ANSWER: Physical activity can help control blood cholesterol, diabetes and obesity, as well as help lower blood pressure in some people.
Check on Learning:
Review Summary:
CHECK ON LEARNING (ELO G):

QUESTION: Soldiers who drink alcoholl should limit theoir consumption to no more than _______ drink(s) per day for men and no more than _______ drink(s) per day for women?
ANSWER:
Two, One
QUESTION: What are the three contrubuting factors for CV disease?
ANSWER:
Stress, Alcohol, Diet and Nutrition
REVIEW SUMMARY(ELO G):

a. Conduct a review and solicit feedback from students on the administrative/support function offered in this Enabling Learning Objective (ELO).
59
NOTE: SHOW SLIDE 52: CV Disease Risk Summary
Slide 52
b. Before participating in any physical activity, you should have been screened, including a CV disease risk assessment.
c. Knowing your risk and doing what you can do to reduce it is essential to safe physical readiness training.
60
SECTION IV. SUMMARY Method of Instruction: Instr Type(I:S Ratio/Qty): Time of Instruction: Instructional Strategy:
Check on Learning
Conference/Discussion Contracted Instructor(1:10/0), Instructor(1:40/0) 5 mins Large Group Instruction
ANSWER:
The air passages (nose/mouth throat), trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, diaphragm and intercostals.
ANSWERS:
The breathing process is passive and involuntary we dont have to think about it for it to happen.
(a) At rest, the diaphragm contracts, initiating a change in pressure, and air enters the lungs.
(b) During activity, the intercostals assist in more forceful breathing needed to supply a greater amount of oxygen to the body.
(c) Alveoli expand and become thinner to provide diffusion of oxygen into the capillaries surrounding them, supplying oxygen in the bloodstream to be delivered around the body.
QUESTION: What is cardiovascular (CV) disease?
ANSWER:
Disease of the heart and/or blood vessels.
Review/ Summary
NOTE: SHOW SLIDE 53: Summary
61
Slide 53
a. During this period of instruction we discussed the OTS structure and function as well as CV disease risk factors in relation to health, fitness, exercise and the physical performance of WTBDs.
b. The right balance of exercise, rest and diet will optimize health, fitness and physical performance and positively impact or eliminate modifiable CV disease risk factors.
62
SECTION V. STUDENT EVALUATION

Testing Requirements
NOTE: Describe how the student will demonstrate accomplishment of the TLO throughout the course, during Practical Exercises (PEs), and on any performance assessment.
Feedback Requirements
Following the Master Fitness Trainer Course, a Student End-of-Course Critique will be issued, taken, and collected. These critiques are required to be reviewed by the Chief, Physical Readiness Division (PRD).
63
Appendix A - Viewgraph Masters Oxygen Transport System (OTS) & Cardiovascular (CV) Disease Risk 805P-MF805008 / Version 2 Sequence 0 Media Name MF805008: OTSD & CVD Slides Media Type PPTX
A-1
Appendix B - Test(s) and Test Solution(s)
B-1
Appendix C - Practical Exercises and Solutions PRACTICAL EXERCISE(S)/SOLUTION(S) FOR LESSON 805P-MF805008 Version 2
C-1
Appendix D - Student Handouts Oxygen Transport System (OTS) & Cardiovascular (CV) Disease Risk 805P-MF805008 / Version 2 Sequence 0 Media Name MF805008: OTSD & CVD Composite Risk Worksheet Media Type DOCX
D-1
Appendix E - TRAINER'S LESSON OUTLINE
Oxygen Transport System (OTS) & Cardiovascular (CV) Disease Risk 805P-MF805008 / Version 2 DRAFT
1. The importance of this lesson: (Why)
Identify the Oxygen Transport System (OTS) structure and function in relationship to health, Cardiovascular (CV) Disease Risk, fitness and the physical performance of Warrior Tasks and Battle Drills (WTBDs).
2. What we want our Soldiers to Achieve: (Outcomes/Standard)
Identify OTS structure and function in relationship to health, CV disease risk, fitness and the physical performance of WTBDs IAW this lesson, Instructor Notes and FM 7-22.
Outcomes Possess a knowledge of Basic Anatomy, Physiology, and Exercise Science
Possess a knowledge of the Armys Physical Readiness Training System
- History of Army fitness - Differences between PRT and other programs
Possess knowledge of Human Performance Optimization/Injury Prevention (HPOIP)
- Understand HPOIP at the macro and micro levels
Possess a knowledge of Army doctrine relating to and impacting PRT
Skills (Be):
Teach (correct, mentor)
E-1
Communicate (coordinate, collaborate)
Move (athleticism)
Lead (direct, inspire, exemplify)
Liaise (advise)
Assess (comply)
Abilities (DO):
PRT Leader
Special Staff Advisor on Physical Readiness Training
Special Conditioning Program Advisor
Train other leaders
Liaison to other SMEs (medical personnel) and other MFTs
Design, lead, execute, and evaluate PRT Programs
3. Tasks to be taught
Task Number
Task Title
Task Type
None
Additional Non-Standard Tasks
None 4. References:
E-2
Reference Number
Reference Title
Date
FM 5-19 FM 7-22
COMPOSITE RISK MANAGEMENT Army Physical Readiness Training
21 Aug 2006 26 Oct 2012
Additional Non-Standard References
None 5. Resources
TIME: Time of Instruction (Time not specified)
LAND: Classroom, Training Area, and Range Requirements

Id Name
17120-T-1680-50
Classroom, Traditional, 1680 Square Feet, 50 Students
AMMO: Ammunition Requirements

DODIC Name
None
MISC: Materiel Items and TADSS Requirements

Id Name
5836-01-408-4665 6515-01-509-2908 6545-00-116-1410 6665-01-103-8547 6730-00-577-4813 7010-01-454-5951 7520-00-T82-3256 7520-01-351-9148 (Note: Asterisk before ID indicates a TADSS.)
PROJECTOR, VIDEO (INFOCUS LITEPRO 550) DEPLOY PAC,AED FIRST AID KIT,GENERAL PURPOSE WET GLOBE TEMPERATURE KIT Screen, Projection Computer System, Digital, Desk Top LASER, POINTER (PEN SIZE) Pointer, Instructional
Additional Non-Standard Resources
None 6. A possible technique to achieve the outcome:
E-3
Outcome (Measures of Effectiveness) Knowledge (Know): Possess a knowledge of Basic Anatomy, Physiology, and Exercise Science (MF805002 thru MF805014)
Possess a knowledge of the Armys Physical Readiness Training System (MF805018, MF805019; MF805024 thru MF805026; MF805029)
- History of Army fitness
- Differences between PRT and other programs
Possess knowledge of Human Performance Optimization/Injury Prevention (HPOIP) (MF805020 thru MF805022)
- Understand HPOIP at the macro and micro levels
Possess a knowledge of Army doctrine relating to and impacting PRT (MF805015 thru MF805017)
Skills (Be):
Teach (correct, mentor) (MF805062 and MF805065)
Communicate (coordinate, collaborate) (MF805062 and MF805065)
Move (athleticism) (MF805031 thru MF805058)
Lead (direct, inspire, exemplify) (MF805062 and MF805065)
Liaise (advise) (MF805062 and MF805065)
Assess (comply) (MF805057, MF805058, MF805061, MF805063)
Abilities (DO):
E-4
PRT Leader (MF805031 thru MF805062)
Special Staff Advisor on Physical Readiness Training (MF805002 thru MF805065)
Special Conditioning Program Advisor (MF805019 thru MF805022)
Train other leaders (MF805062)
Liaison to other SMEs (medical personnel) and other MFTs (MF805065)
Design, lead, execute and evaluate PRT Programs (MF805018, MF805019; MF805024 thru MF805026; MF805029)
7. Conduct AAR with Soldier and Cadre.
a. Conduct end of training day AAR. (1) Begin the AAR. Review training events of the day. (2) Discuss strengths and weaknesses of each event or critical activity. (3) Decide what to do differently next time; how to improve. (4) Summarize key training points and events of the AAR. (5) Allow students two ask questions and/or address any of the cadre members. (6) Quickly review the next days training and inform students of any schedule updates or changes.
NOTE: Before presenting this lesson, Instructors must be thoroughly prepared by studying the appropriate lesson plan and identified reference material.
E-5

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Oxygen Transport System (OTS) & Cardiovascular (CV) Disease Risk 805P-MF805008 / Version 2 Effective Date Not Assigned

SECTION I. ADMINISTRATIVE DATA

Task(s) Taught(*) or Supported

The administrative/academic hours required to teach this lesson are as follows:

COMPOSITE RISK MANAGEMENT Army Physical Readiness Training

21 Aug 2006 26 Oct 2012

Student Study Assignment

- Complete an end-of-day AAR with students.

Additional Support Personnel Requirements

Equipment Required for Instruction

1:40 1:40 0:0 0:0 1:40 1:40 1:40 1:40

- This lesson and any SME notes

- Updated composite risk worksheet

- Uniform as designated by instructors

Classroom, Training Area, and Range Requirements

17120-T-1680-50 Classroom, Traditional, 1680 Square Feet, 50 Students

Slide #1 Oxygen Transport System and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors

Slide #2 Terminal Learning Objective (TLO)

Slide #3 Enabling Learning Objective A

Slide #4 Respiratory Anatomy

Slide #6 Enabling Learning Objective B

Slide #7 Components of Blood

Slide #8 Enabling Learning Objective C

Slide #9 Heart Anatomy

Slide #10 Heart Function

Slide #11 Coronary Arteries

Slide #12 Cardiac Output

Slide #13 Enabling Learning Objective D

Slide #14 OTS: Adaptations to Exercise

Slide #15 OTS Check on Learning

Slide #16 OTS Check on Learning

Slide #17 OTS Check on Learning

Slide #18 OTS Check on Learning

Slide #19 OTS Check on Learning

Slide #20 OTS Check on Learning

Slide #21 OTS Check on Learning

Slide #22 OTS Check on Learning

Slide #23 OTS Check on Learning

Slide #24 OTS Check on Learning

Slide #25 OTS Check on Learning

Slide #26 OTS Check on Learning

Slide #27 OTS Summary

Slide #28 CV Disease Risk Factors

Slide #29 Enabling Learning Objective E

Slide #30 Atherosclerosis

Slide #31 Coronary Artery Disease

Slide #32 Risk Factors

Slide #33 Enabling Learning Objective F

Slide #34 Non-modifiable Major Risk Factors

Slide #35 Modifiable Major Risk Factors

Slide #36 Modifiable Major Risk Factors

Slide #37 Modifiable Major Risk Factors

Slide #39 Modifiable Major Risk Factors

Slide #40 Modifiable Major Risk Factors

Slide #41 Enabling Learning Objective G

Slide #42 Contributing Risk Factors

Slide #43 Contributing Risk Factors

Slide #44 Contributing Risk Factors

Slide #45 Contributing Risk Factors

Slide #46 CV Disease Risk Check on Learning

Slide #47 CV Disease Risk Check on Learning

Slide #48 CV Disease Risk Check on Learning

Slide #49 CV Disease Risk Check on Learning