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A.

Plagiarism is the "wrongful appropriation" and "purloining and publication" of another author's "language, thoughts, ideas, or expressions," and the representation of them as one's own original work. Plagiarism is not a crime per se but in academia and industry it is a serious ethical offense and cases of plagiarism can constitute copyright infringement. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plagiarism

A trademark is a device (as a word) pointing distinctly to the origin or ownership of merchandise to which it is applied and legally reserved to the exclusive use of the owner as maker or seller. http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/trademark

D. A service mark or servicemark is a trademark used in some countries,


notably the United States, to identify a service rather than a product. When a service mark is federally registered, the standard registration

ACCORDING TO THE MERRIAM-WEBSTER ONLINE DICTIONARY, TO "PLAGIARIZE" symbol or "Reg U.S. Pat & TM Off" may be used (the same symbol is MEANS used to mark registered trademarks). Before it is registered, it is common to steal and pass off (the ideas or words of another) as one's own practice (with some legal standing) to use the service mark symbol (a to use (another's production) without crediting the source superscript SM). to commit literary theft https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service_mark to present as new and original an idea or product derived from an existing source In other words, plagiarism is an act of fraud. It involves both stealing someone COPYRIGHT, TRADEMARK AND SERVICE MARK DISTINGUISHED else's work and lying about it afterward. Businesses use service marks to identify their services and distinguish them from http://plagiarism.org/plagiarism-101/what-is-plagiarism other services provided in the same field. Service marks consist of letters, words, symbols, and other devices that help inform consumers about the origin or source B. Copyright is a legal concept, enacted by most governments, giving the of a particular service. Roto-Rooter is an example of a service mark used by a creator of an original work, exclusive rights to it, usually for a limited time. familiar plumbing company. Trademarks, by contrast, are used to distinguish Generally, it is "the right to copy", but also gives the copyright holder the competing products, not services. Whereas trademarks are normally affixed to right to be credited for the work, to determine who may adapt the work goods by means of a tag or label, service marks are generally displayed through to other forms, who may perform the work, who may financially benefit advertising and promotion. from it, and other related rights. http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Service+Mark It is a form of intellectual property (like the patent, the trademark, and the trade secret) applicable to any expressible form of an idea or information that is Copyright laws protect ownership of things like music, writing, artwork, substantive and discrete. photographs, and other "original works of authorship." http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copyright Trademark laws protect "words, names, symbols, sounds, or colors that distinguish goods and services from those manufactured or sold by others and to Copyright is the exclusive legal right to reproduce, publish, sell, or distribute the indicate the source of the goods. matter and form of something (as a literary, musical, or artistic work). http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/copyright E. A geographical indication (GI) is a name or sign used on certain products which corresponds to a specific geographical location or origin (e.g. a C. A trademark, trade mark, or trade-mark is a town, region, or country). The use of a GI may act as a certification that recognizable sign, design or expression which the product possesses certain qualities, is made according to traditional identifies products or services of a particular source from those of methods, or enjoys a certain reputation, due to its geographical origin. others. The trademark owner can be an individual, business organization, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographical_indication or any legal entity. A trademark may be located on a package, a label, a voucher or on the product itself. Geographical indications are place names (in some countries also words http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trademark associated with a place) used to identify the origin and quality, reputation or other characteristics of products (for example, Champagne, Tequila or Roquefort). http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/trips_e/gi_e.htm

F. Industrial Design (ID) is the use of both applied art and applied science to improve the aesthetics, ergonomics, functionality, and/or usability of a product, and it may also be used to improve the product's marketability and even production. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_design Industrial design (ID) is the professional service of creating and developing concepts and specifications that optimize the function, value and appearance of products and systems for the mutual benefit of both user and manufacturer. http://www.idsa.org/what-is-industrial-design G. Layout (Design) is an arrangement or a plan, especially the schematic arrangement of parts or areas the art or process of arranging printed or graphic matter on a page. It is the overall design of a page, spread, or book, including elements such as page and type size, typeface, and the arrangement of titles and page numbers. It is a page or set of pages marked to indicate this design. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/layout H. A patent is a set of exclusive rights granted by a sovereign state to an inventor or their assignee for a limited period of time, in exchange for the public disclosure of the invention. An invention is a solution to a specific technological problem, and may be a product or a process. Patents are a form of intellectual property. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patent

Trade secret remains confidential for indefinite period of time as per the will of the proprietor provided the security and its confidentiality is not breached. http://business.gov.in/manage_business/protection.php REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9165, June 7, 2002 AN ACT INSTITUTING THE COMPREHENSIVE DANGEROUS DRUGS ACT OF 2002, REPEALING REPUBLIC ACT NO. 6425, OTHERWISE KNOWN AS THE DANGEROUS DRUGS ACT OF 1972, AS AMENDED, PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFOR, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9160, September 29, 2001 AN ACT DEFINING THE CRIME OF MONEY LAUNDERING, PROVIDING PENALTIES THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES Republic Act No. 9285, April 2, 2004 AN ACT TO INSTITUTIONALIZE THE USE OF AN ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION SYSTEM IN THE PHILIPPINES AND TO ESTABLISH THE OFFICE FOR ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES Republic Act No. 8791, 23 May 2000 AN ACT PROVIDING FOR THE REGULATION OF THE ORGANIZATION AND OPERATIONS OF BANKS, QUASI-BANKS, TRUST ENTITIES AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 876 AN ACT TO AUTHORIZE THE MAKING OF ARBITRATION AND SUBMISSION A patent is an official document conferring a right or privilege. It is a writing AGREEMENTS, TO PROVIDE FOR THE APPOINTMENT OF ARBITRATORS AND THE securing for a term of years the exclusive right to make, use, or sell an invention. It PROCEDURE FOR ARBITRATION IN CIVIL CONTROVERSIES, AND FOR OTHER is the monopoly or right so granted. PURPOSES http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/patent Republic Act No. 8552, February 25, 1998 I. Protection of Undisclosed Information AN ACT ESTABLISHING THE RULES AND POLICIES ON THE DOMESTIC ADOPTION OF A Trade Secret or undisclosed information is any information that has been FILIPINO CHILDREN AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES intentionally treated as secret and is capable of commercial application with an economic interest. It protects information that confers a competitive advantage REPUBLIC ACT NO. 8042 to those who possess such information, provided such information is not readily Migrant Workers and Overseas Filipinos Act of 1995 available with or discernible by the competitors. They include technical data, internal processes, methodologies, survey methods , a new invention for which a REPUBLIC ACT NO. 8043 patent application has not yet been filed, list of customers, process of The Inter-Country Adoption Act of 1995 manufacture, techniques, formulae, drawings, training material, source code, etc. "AN ACT ESTABLISHING THE RULES TO GOVERN INTER-COUNTRY ADOPTION OF Trade Secrets can be used to protect valuable know how" that gives an FILIPINO CHILDREN, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES" enterprise a competitive advantage over its competitors.

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