Example G.8a: Built-up Plate Girder with Transverse Stiffeners.

A built-up ASTM A36 I-shaped girder spanning 56 ft has a uniformly distributed dead load of 0.92 klf and a live load of 2.74 klf in the strong direction. The girder is 36 in tall with 12 in x 1-1/2 in flanges and a 5/16 in web. Determine if the member has sufficient available shear strength to support the end shear, with and without tension field action. Use transverse stiffeners as required. User note: This built-up girder was purposely selected with a thin web to illustrate the design of transverse stiffeners. A more conventionally proportioned plate girder would have at least 1/2 in web and slightly smaller flanges.

Lbeam 56 ft

Factored load combinations: kip kip WD 1.2 0.92 = 1.1 ft ft

[ASCE 7-05 2.3.2 or AISC p. 2-8] kip kip WL 1.6 2.74 = 4.4 ft ft

WD + WL Lbeam Ru = 154 kip 2 Material Properties for ASTM A36: Fy 36 ksi Fu 58 ksi

[AISC Table 3-23, example 1]

[AISC Table 2-3, p. 2-39] E 29000 ksi

Geometric Properties for Built-up Girder: tw 0.313 in tf 1.5 in d 36 in h 33 in bft 12 in bfc 12 in

Afc bfc tf = 18 in 2

Aft bft tf = 18 in 2

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Example G.8a: Built-up Plate Girder with Transverse Stiffeners.

Determine if stiffeners are required: Aw d tw = 11.27 in 2 | h kv if 260| tw | 5 | | else | 1.2 | kv = 5 (for unstiffened webs)

[AISC G.2 p. 16.1-65]

|| kv E h || Cv if < 1.10 t F || y w || 1 || | kv E kv E | | h else if 1.10 | < < 1.37 Fy Fy | | tw || kv E || 1.10 || Fy || || h || tw || || kv E h else if || > 1.37 tw Fy || || 1.51 E kv || 2 || h || F y tw || Calculate Vn: Vn 0.6 Fy Aw Cv = 133 kip v 0.9

[AISC Eqn G2-3, G2-4, G2-5 p. 16.1-65]

Cv = 0.547

| shear_strength if Ru v Vn stiffeners not required | | | else | stiffeners required | shear_strength = stiffeners required

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Example G.8a: Built-up Plate Girder with Transverse Stiffeners.

Manual Tables 3-16a and 3-16b can be used to select stiffener spacings needed to develop the required web stress. Limits of Tension Field Action: Consideration of tension field action is not permitted if any of the following are true: | h h Condition_1 if > 6 > 6 | bfc bft | TFA not permitted | | else | TFA permitted | Condition_1 = TFA permitted | 2 Aw > 2.5 Condition_2 if | | Afc + Aft TFA not permitted | | else | TFA permitted | Condition_2 = TFA permitted

Condition 3: If section is an end panel. Select stiffener spacing for end panel:

Condition 4: See below.

Tension field action not permitted for end panels. Therefore use Table 3-16a. Vu1 A = 13.6 ksi Aw h B = 105 tw

Vu1 Ru

a/h = 1.8 a 1.8 h = 59 in | 260 2 a Condition_4 if < 3 | h h | | t w | TFA permitted | | else TFA not permitted | | Condition_4 = TFA permitted

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Example G.8a: Built-up Plate Girder with Transverse Stiffeners.

Select stiffener spacing for second panel: Calculate the required shear strength at the start of the second panel, 59 in. from the end Vu2 Ru WD + WL 59 in = 127 kip | shear_strength if Vu2 v Vn stiffeners not required | | | else | stiffeners required | shear_strength = stiffeners required Vu2 A = 11.2 ksi Aw Conditions 1, 2, and 3 are met for tension field action. Use table 3-16b. Check conditon 4 afterwards. Use Table 3-16b from the Manual to select the required stiffener a/h ratio based on the h/t ratio of the girder and the required stress. Interpolate and follow an availbale stress curve, A for a value of 11.2 ksi and B for a value of 105. Because the stress curve does not intersect the B value of 105, the maximum value of 3.0 for a/h may be used. Since h=33 in, an additional stiffener is required at (3.0)(33 in) = 99 in maximum from the previous one. a 3.0 h = 99 in | 260 2 a Condition_4 if < 3 | h h | | t w | TFA permitted | | else TFA not permitted | | Condition_4 = TFA permitted

Select stiffener spacing for third panel:

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Example G.8a: Built-up Plate Girder with Transverse Stiffeners.

Calculate the required shear strength at the start of the second panel, 158 in. from the end

Vu2 Ru WD + WL 158 in = 81 kip shear_strength if Vu2 v Vn stiffeners not required else stiffeners required shear_strength = stiffeners not required

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